2024届高考英语复习课时质量评价5含答案

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课时质量评价(五)必修第一册　UNIT 4主题语境：自然灾害与防范，安全常识与自我保护Ⅰ．阅读理解A(2022·泰安模拟)When a heavy storm hit, residents of the floating community of Schoonschip in Amsterdam had little doubt about whether they could ride it out．They tied up their bikes and outdoor benches, and checked in with neighbours to ensure everyone had enough food and water as their neighbourhood slid up and down its steel foundational pillars (支柱), rising along with the water and going back to its original position after the rain stopped．“We feel safer in storm because we are floating，”says Siti Boelen, a Dutch television producer who moved into Schoonschip two years ago．As sea levels rise and supercharged storms cause waters to rise, floating neighbourhoods offer an experiment in flood defence that could allow coastal communities to better fight against climate change．A floating house can be constructed on any shoreline and is able to deal with rising seas by remaining on the top of the water's surface．Unlike houseboats, which can easily be moved and relocated, floating homes are fixed to the shore and are usually connected to the local sewer (污水管道) system and power grid．They are structurally similar to houses built on land, but instead of a basement, they have a concrete hull (船体) that acts as a counterbalance, allowing them to remain stable in the water．Severe wind and rain, or even the passing of large cruise ships, can make the buildings rock．Siti Boelen, the Schoonschip resident, says that when she first moved in, stormy weather made her think twice．“You feel it in your stomach，”she says, adding that she has gotten used to the feeling．Floating homes also require extra infrastructure and work to connect to the electricity grid and sewer system．But the benefits may outweigh the costs．“If there are floods, it's expected that many people will move to higher ground．But the alternative is to stay close to coastal cities and explore expansion onto the water，”says Rutger de Graaf．“If you consider that in the second half of the century, hundreds of millions of people will be displaced by sea level rise, we need to start now to increase the scale of floating developments．”1．What did local residents think when a heavy storm hit?A．They could get through it．B．They could control the flood．C．They could get some bikes after it．D．They could gain enough food in it．2．What can we know about Siti Boelen?A．She has a sense of security in a storm．B．She gets along well with her neighbours．C．She has produced TV sets used in the storm．D．She makes contributions to defending against flood．3．How does the author describe the floating houses in Paragraph 3?A．By listing figures．B．By giving examples．C．By analysing reasons．D．By making comparisons．4．What's the fourth paragraph mainly about?A．The impacts of stormy weather．B．The significance of thinking twice．C．The higher costs of building houses．D．The challenges faced by floating houses．BWater is so low in large stretches of Italy's largest river that local residents are walking through the middle of the expanse of sand and an old ship is resurfacing．In a park near the central northern village of Gualtieri, cyclists and hikers stop in curiosity to observe the Zibello, a 50­metre­long ship that transported wood during World War Ⅱ but sank in 1943．It was normally covered by the Po's waters．“It's the first time that we can see this ship，”said amateur cyclist Raffaele Vezzal．“I've never seen such a drought at this time of year — our main worry was our river flooding, but now we worry about its disappearance．”The drying up of the Po, which runs 652 kilometres from the northwestern city of Turin to Venice, is jeopardising the drinking water supply in Italy's densely populated and highly industrialised districts and threatening irrigation in the most intensively farmed part of the country, known as the Italian food valley．Northern Italy hasn't seen rainfall for more than 110 days and this year's snowfall is down by 70%．Aquifers (含水层), which hold groundwater, are exhausted．Temperatures of 2℃ above season average are melting the tiny snowfields and glaciers that were left on the top of the surrounding Alps, leaving the Po basin without its summer water reservoirs．All these factors are leading to the worst drought in 70 years, according to the Po River Basin Authority (PRBA)．Meuccio Berselli, secretary­general of the PRBA, is working on a plan to guarantee drinking and irrigation water to millions of households and to the Po valley farmers, who produce 40% of Italian food．The plan includes higher draining from Alpine lakes, less water for hydroelectric (水力发电的) plants and distribution of water in the upstream regions．According to a state­owned energy service system operator, 55% of the renewable energy coming from hydroelectric plants in Italy comes from the Po and its tributaries．Experts fear that a lack of hydroelectric power will contribute to increased carbon dioxide emissions, as more electricity will have to be produced with natural gases．5．What does the resurfacing of the Zibello suggest?A．The drought of the Po is serious．B．River flooding is worrying．C．It has been recovered from damage．D．Residents are preserving it．6．What does the underlined word “jeopardising”in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A．Indicating．     B．Increasing．C．Endangering．    D．Providing．7．What does the text indicate about the PRBA's plan?A．It helps to generate renewable energy．B．It may lead to environmental problems．C．It will cause the Po to disappear quickly．D．It deserves wide support and high praise．8．Which of the following is the best title for the text?A．A Wartime Ship Is ResurfacingB．Italy Is Seeking Water SuppliesC．A Drought Is Threatening FarmersD．Italy's Largest River Is Drying UpⅡ．应用文写作假如你是中学生李华，上周一你们班举行了一次地震知识演讲比赛，请你根据你所学的知识写一篇关于如何在地震中保护自身安全的演讲稿。内容要点如下：1．在教室时怎样做；2．在家时怎样更安全；3．在街上时要注意什么。注意：1．词数80左右；2．题目和开头已给出，不计入总词数。What to Do During an Earthquake?As we all know, earthquake is a terrible kind of natural disaster．So what should we do when an earthquake comes? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________