2024届高考英语复习课时质量评价10含答案

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课时质量评价(十)Ⅰ．A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，研究人员发现五个古代脚印显示出原始人直立行走的特征。1．A　词义猜测题。根据画线单词上句“Researchers had previously considered them hard to classify, possibly produced by a young bear that took a few steps while standing．”可知，上文介绍了研究人员对脚印来源的推测，他们认为脚印可能是由一只站着走了几步的小熊产生的，再结合画线单词所在句中的转折连词“But”可知，上下文为转折关系，且根据第三段中的“The prints also didn't match those from modern black bears and modern chimps (黑猩猩) walking upright．”可知，研究证明这些脚印与现代黑熊的脚印不匹配，由此可知，画线单词所在句指的是“但最新的分析驳斥了这一说法”，“Objects to”意为“反对，不赞成”，能够表达画线单词在句中所要表达的意思。故选A。2．D　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“On one step, the Laetoli individual's left leg crossed in front of the right leg, leaving a left footprint directly in front of the previous track．People may cross­step in this way when trying to regain balance．And bears and chimps assume a relatively wide standing due to knee and other bone arrangements that prevent them from walking like the Laetoli individual and probably from cross­stepping, the scientists say．”可知，这些脚印呈现出人们试图恢复平衡时所进行的交叉步行走，而熊和黑猩猩无法交叉步行走，因此，研究人员认为这些脚印不同于熊或黑猩猩的脚印，由此可知，研究人员认为这些脚印不同于熊或黑猩猩的脚印是因为这些脚印具有交叉步的特点。故选D。3．A　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Those five ancient footprints, largely ignored since they were partly unearthed at Tanzania's Laetoli site in 1976, show features of upright walking by a hominid, a new study finds．”可知，新的研究发现，这五个古代脚印显示出原始人直立行走的特征；再结合最后一段中的“But evidence of cross­stepping is enough to prove that it was a hominid track maker, he says．”可知，威廉认为交叉步的证据足以证明五个古代脚印是原始人直立行走留下的足迹，由此可知，威廉认为新的研究发现是很有说服力的。故选A。4．B　写作意图题。通读全文，根据第二段中的“Those five ancient footprints, largely ignored since they were partly unearthed at Tanzania's Laetoli site in 1976, show features of upright walking by a hominid, a new study finds．”可知，文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，研究人员发现五个古代脚印显示出原始人直立行走的特征，由此可知，这篇文章的写作目的是分享一个新发现。故选B。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新的发现表明智人的到来并未直接导致尼安德特人的消失，智人和尼安德特人有某种复杂的关系。5．B　词义猜测题。根据画线单词上文“A child's tooth discovered from a French cave has revealed the earliest evidence of humans — Homo sapiens (智人) — living in western Europe．”可知，从法国的洞穴发现的是一颗儿童牙齿，由此推知，下文中的molar指的就是这颗牙齿，“Tooth”意为“牙齿”，能够表达画线单词在句中所要表达的意思。故选B。6．D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“These findings challenge the opinion that the arrival of Homo sapiens in Europe caused the extinction of Neanderthals, who lived in Europe and parts of Asia for about 300，000 years before disappearing．”可知，以前的观点是智人在欧洲的到来导致尼安德特人灭绝。故选D。7．A　推理判断题。根据第三段的内容可知，克里斯·斯特林格表示，新证据表明，现代人在欧洲的出现和尼安德特人的消失都要比我们认为的复杂得多，所以，从克里斯·斯特林格的话中可以推断出人们应该仔细分析尼安德特人的消失。故选A。8．C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Humans and Neanderthals, who we know from genetic analysis encountered one another and had babies, resulting in Neanderthal traces in our DNA, overlapped (重叠) for a much longer period in Europe, this study suggests．”可知，我们从基因分析中了解到人类和尼安德特人彼此相遇并生了孩子，这导致我们DNA中的尼安德特痕迹，由此可推断出，智人和尼安德特人有某种复杂的关系。故选C。 Ⅱ．【参考范文】Dumplings are traditional Chinese food．On the lunar New Year's Day, most families make a lot of delicious dumplings．It's easy to make them．The first step is to mix the flour with water and make wrappers．When the wrappers are done, it's time to prepare the filling．Usually we use meat and some vegetables for filling．When all these preparations are done, we can start making dumplings．First put a spoonful of filling in the centre of the wrapper．Then stick the two opposite sides together and then the rest．We can eat them after boiling them in the water．They taste so delicious that almost everyone likes them．