Unit 6 I’m going to study computer science. 课时3 Grammar-八年级英语上册同步精品讲义（人教版）

Unit 6 I’m going to study computer science.
Grammar（课时3）
知识精讲

be going to的用法
＂be going to+动词原形＂用来表示近期或事先考虑过的将要发生的动作以及已有迹象表明必将发生某事，意为＂打算，就要＂。 be的形式应随主语的人称和单复数而变化。
（一）be going to结构的用法
1. be going to结构多用来表示主观上打算在将来某个时候做某事。表示说话人打算、准备、计划、安排要做的事，一般是经过预先考虑并做好准备的，所表达的行动通常被认为很可能付诸实施，常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用。
We’re going to pick apples next Wednesday. 我们下周三打算去摘苹果。
Is your sister going to have a swim tomorrow? 你姐姐明天要去游泳吗？
Peter is going to be a policeman when he grows up. 彼得长大了打算当警察。
2. be going to结构用来表示根据主观判断肯定将会发生的事。表示说话人根据目前客观迹象预测某件事情极有可能发生，是说话人确信如此，是指即将发生或肯定要发生的事情。在be sure、be afraid、believe、think 之后都可以这样用。
Look at the heavy clouds! It’s going to rain. 看那乌云！天要下雨了。
He’s very ill. I’m afraid he’s going to die. 他病得厉害。我恐怕他将要死了。
The rain has stopped. The sun is going to come out. 雨停了。太阳就要出来了。
3. be going to结构用来表示决心、肯定等。
Lily is going to have her long hair cut. 莉莉要把她的长发剪掉。
But it’s going to be a very tiring year for me. 但是对我来说，这肯定是非常累人的一年。
4. be going to结构也可用来表示即将发生的事。
The plane is going to take off in ten minutes. 飞机将在十分钟后起飞。
5. be going to结构后面也能接be动词原形。
What time is the game going to be? 比赛将在什么时候开始？
6.there be句型的一般将来时的肯定结构为：There is going to be+名词+其他成分.，意思是＂将要有……＂。
There is going to be a class meeting this week. 这周将有一次班会。
7. be going to结构后面习惯上不跟go、come等表位移的动词，一般用该动词的进行时形式表示将来。
We’re going there again next Sunday. 下周日我们要再去那里。
（二）be going to结构的各种句式
1. 肯定句：主语 ＋ be going to ＋ 动词原形 ＋ 其他. 如：
I am going to play computer games next Sunday.下周日我打算玩电脑游戏。
2. 否定句：主语 ＋ be ＋ not ＋ going to ＋ 动词原形 ＋ 其他. 如：
He isn’t going to see a film with us tonight.今晚他不打算和我们一起去看电影。
3. 一般疑问句：Be ＋ 主语 ＋ going to ＋ 动词原形 ＋ 其他?
肯定回答：Yes, 主语 ＋be.
否定回答：No, 主语 ＋ be ＋ not.如：
—Are you going to watch talk shows after dinner? 晚饭后你们打算看访谈节目吗？
—Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t. 是的，我们打算看。/ 不，我们不打算看。
4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 ＋ be ＋ 主语 ＋ going to ＋ 动词原形 ＋ 其他？如：
How are you going to learn English? 你打算怎样学习英语？
【巧学妙记】
＂be going to＂的用法口诀
be going to，表打算、准备、计划将要干。
表可能，有必然，通过现象来推断。
使用它，要注意，疑问形式be提前。
否定句，更简单，not放在be后边。
to之后，动原形，be的形式看人称。

【2019 •天津市】—What is your plan for next weekend, Lingling?
—I ______ volunteer work in the museum.
A．was doing B．did C．have done D．am going to do
【注意】
There be going to be...结构中，靠近there的be随主语变化，而后面的be是动词原形，不变化。
There is going to be an English film this evening. 今晚将有一场英文电影。
（三）be going to 常用的时间状语
be going to 表达的是未发生的动作，因此常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用。例如：tomorrow，this evening，next month，in three weeks等。有时也可与when，before，after，until 等引导的时间状语从句连用。
What is he going to do after he plays football? 他踢完足球以后打算做什么？

She takes a bus to go to school every day.（用tomorrow改写）
She ______________ ______________ ______________ take a bus to go to school tomorrow.
（四）be going to结构和will的比较
一般will可以和be going to互换。be going to多表示打算、意图。
We are going to/will meet in the park at 5 pm. 我们下午5点将在公园相见。
【注意】
以下情况多用will 而不用be going to。
1. 侧重于说话人相信或希望要发生的事，可指遥远的将来。
I believe he will become a famous actor. 我相信他会成为一名著名的演员。
2. 陈述自然规律，表示单纯的将来事实。
This year she is 17 and next year she’ll be 18. 今年她17岁，明年就18岁了。
3. 带有主观意愿的色彩。
If you like, I will do it for you. 如果你喜欢我会为你做那件事的。
4. 征询对方意见，或表示客气、邀请或命令。
Will he smoke here? 他可以在这儿吸烟吗？
5. 在条件和时间状语从句中，如果从句中的谓语动词用一般现在时，那么主句中就用一般将来时。
I will chat with you as soon as I am on the Internet. 我一上网就和你聊天。
能力拓展

一、单项选择
1．（2021·四川乐山市·中考真题）一There __________ a basketball game against Class Two this Sunday.
— I see. I will come and cheer you on.
A．will have B．is going to be C．is going to have
2．（2020·云南中考真题）There ________ a basketball game next Monday. If it ________ , we’ll have to put it off.
A．is going to have; will rain B．is going to have; rains
C．is going to be; rains D．is going to be; will rain
3．（2020·江西中考真题）—The coffee’s finished!
—Oh, sorry! I ________to the shop to get some.
A．am going B．was going C．went D．have gone
4．（2021·河北唐山市·）—Mum, the hand wash is finished.
—Oh, sorry! I ________ to the store to get some.
A．am going B．have been C．went D．have gone
5.I a new house next year. I need your help.
A．bought B．buy C．was buying D．am going to buy
6．They _________ play basketball next weekend.
A．go to B．goes to C．is going to D．are going to
7.—China is getting stronger and stronger in the world.
—Yes. More and more foreign students ________ Chinese in many colleges in China.
A．has learned B．is learned C．learned D．are going to learn
8．—Lucy is ill in hospital.
—Yes, I know. I________her________three hours.
A．visit; for B．go visiting; for C．go to visit; in D．am going to visit; in
9．He _________ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.
A．gives B．gave C．will giving D．is going to give
10．—_________ you _________ free tomorrow?
—No, I _________ free the day after tomorrow.
A．Are; going to; will B．Are; going to be; will be
C．Are; going to; will be D．Are; going to be; will
二、完型填空
The new year is coming！Now，it's the time to make 11 for the new year.Here is 12 I am going to do.
I am going to get better 13 ．I'm good at English and Chinese，but I need to improve my math.So I am going to study 14 ！
I am going to 15 my bad habits.I often get up very late.To get up early is good for my 16 .So I'll get up 17 than usual.
I am going to eat 18 ．I often eat a lot of junk food.It is not good for my health.I should eat more fruit and vegetables. 19 can make my body 20 and stronger.
I am going to 21 Mickey.Disneyland is my dream place.I often see it 22 TV.It's so 23 .If I can get top ten in final exam，Mom's going to 24 me to Disneyland in Hong Kong.In a word，I'm going to work hard to 25 my resolutions.What are your plans for the new year?
11．A．holidays B．money C．food D．plans
12．A．what B．that C．which D．why
13．A．friends B．grades C．ideas D．students
14．A．hard B．harder C．hardest D．hardly
15．A．choose B．forget C．break D．discuss
16．A．health B．sleep C．study D．family
17．A．early B．lately C．earlier D．later
18．A．more B．less C．better D．worse
19．A．They B．That C．It D．This
20．A．healthier B．healthiest C．health D．healthy
21．A．laugh B．know C．draw D．meet
22．A．on B．in C．at D．of
23．A．exciting B．boring C．lazy D．sad
24．A．bring B．leave C．take D．send
25．A．write B．make C．keep D．take
三、阅读单选
A
In December or early January, almost everyone wants to plan for a wonderful new year! We plan vacations, and we hope that we can achieve our goals. We make New Year’s resolutions and set big goals! If you carry out(实施) your plan successfully, you can improve your life or break your bad habits. Here are some tips for New Year’s resolutions:
·Think about the resolution you made last year. Have you succeeded? If not, why? Find out the reason and try this year.
·Do not make too many resolutions at a time. You had better go with one at a time.
·Let it be for the whole year not a day.
·Set goals that you need to do for the whole year, instead of a few days. Once you have made up your mind, try your best to achieve them.
26．When do we usually make New Year’s resolutions?
A．Always on January 1st. B．Only in December.
C．At any time of the year. D．At the end or the beginning of a year.
27．Why do we make New Year’s resolutions?
A．Because they’re exciting. B．Because we have to do that.
C．Because they’re relaxing. D．Because we hope to improve our life.
28．How should we make New Year’s resolutions?
A．We should make new resolutions every day.
B．We should make lots of resolutions at the same time.
C．We should make a resolution for the whole year.
D．We should plan the resolution that we can do in a very short time.
29．What does the underlined phrase instead of mean in Chinese?
A．可是 B．而不是 C．只是 D．但是
30．Which is the best title of the passage?
A．When to Make New Year’s Resolutions
B．Try Your Best in the Whole Year
C．Remember to Make A Plan on New Year’s Day
D．How to Make New Year’s Resolutions
B
Dear Grandparents,
How are you? I am enjoying my summer. I am sending newspapers to make some money. I’m going to put the money in the college fund (基金) you started for me.
Also I am taking swimming lessons from Uncle Vincent. I asked him to help me with my front crawl(自由泳). I always get water in my nose and mouth when I do that. I'm really good at swimming back crawl(仰泳).So if I ever get into any problem in water, I can save myself.
How is the weather in Florida? Here in Georgia it's very hot. School will start in about four weeks. I’m going to be in Grade Three. My teacher will be Mrs. Reese. I heard she is very nice and makes her students work really hard. I will do my best to learn every subject well.
Mom says if I get good grades, I can take piano lessons at school. I want to be able to play a song or two for you when you come next time. I can’t wait to see two of you.
Well, that's all for now. Give both of you a hug(拥抱). Wish you good health.
Yours，
Marybeth
31．What is Marybeth going to do with the money she is making?
A．Put the money in the college fund B．Deliver newspapers
C．Enjoy her summer. D．Take swimming lessons.
32．What may be Uncle Vincent good at?
A．Reading B．Swimming. C．Playing the piano. D．Singing.
33．Where do Marybeth's grandparents live?
A．Georgia B．Florida C．In a college. D．We don't know
34．Marybeth was in Grade _______ last term.
A．Four B．Three C．Two D．One
35．Marybeth can learn to _______if she gets good grades.
A．sing songs B．play the guitar C．play the piano D．swim
四、用所给单词的正确形式填空
36．We ________ (be) going to Sanya during summer vacation because it's too hot there.
37．I am going to ________ (visit) my English teacher with my friend tomorrow.
38．The Greens ______ (visit) Beijing in a week, aren't they?
39．What are you ______ (go) to do this morning?
40．（She wants ______ (dance) with us.
五、短文汉语提示填空
I’m sixteen now and I’m studying in a high school. I41．(finish) high school in two years, and then I’m going to a college for four years. I42． (study ) language because after college I’m going to work as a language teacher. While at college, I’m also going to take a computer lesson because I’m going to use computer in my work.. Also, I’m going to play sports43．(keep) healthy at college.
I really enjoy 44．(travel),so before going to work, I’m going to travel. To spend money to travel, I’m going to save my money for six months, and I’m going to visit Egypt. I’m going to see the Pyramids (金字塔) and ride a camel (骆驼) . Of course, I’m going to take a lot of 45． (photo) on my trip so that I can remember it.