Unit 9 Can you come to my party？课时3 Grammar-八年级英语上册同步精品讲义（人教版）

Unit 9 Can you come to my party?
Grammar（课时3）
知识精讲

情态动词can的用法
1．can是情态动词，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态的变化，它的过去式为could，其后可直接接动词原形，其用法如下：
(1)表示能力，意为“能，会”。如：
Can you swim？你会游泳吗？
Can you answer the question？你能回答这个问题吗？
(2)表示许可，意为“可以”，相当于may(比may更口语化，may较正式)。此外，could也可以表示许可，语气更加委婉。如：
Can/May I come in？我可以进来吗？
Can you help me？你能帮我吗？
You may go home now.你现在可以回家了。
Could you help me find it？你能帮我找到它吗？
(3)用于提出邀请。对其作肯定回答通常用“Sure./Of course./Certainly./Yes，I'd love (like) to.”等，作否定回答通常用“Sorry/No，I can't.”等。如：
—Can he come to my party？他能来参加我的宴会吗？
—Yes.He'd love to.是的。他很乐意。
—Can you go to the baseball game？你能去看棒球比赛吗？
—Sorry，I can't.对不起，我不能。
(4)用于否定句或疑问句中，表示推测。如：
Mr.Wang can't be at home.王老师不可能在家里。
2．can句式变化
(1)在变否定句时，直接在后面加上“not”，写作can't或cannot。如：
I can speak French.我会讲法语。
→I can't speak French.我不会讲法语。
(2)在变一般疑问句时，can直接移到主语前(原主语的首字母改成小写，第一人称应变为第二人称)即可。如：
I can play the piano.我会弹钢琴。
→Can you play the piano？你会弹钢琴吗？
其肯定回答可用yes，OK或certainly等；否定回答可用no或sorry等。如：
—Can you look after my books，please？你能照看一下我的书吗？
—OK.可以。
用certainly回答语气更为肯定。如：
—Can I see your guitar？我能看看你的吉他吗？
—Certainly.当然可以。
【拓展】
情态动词could的用法：
（1）could是can的过去式，表示过去的能力，意为“能，会”。
例如：Could you speak English at the age of six?
His mother is a good cook now, but she couldn’t cook meals three years ago.
（2）在某些场合，could可用来代替can，表示现在的情况，could比can语气更委婉。若用could来提问问题，回答时，应该用can，而不用could。
例如：--Could you answer me a question?
--Yes, I can./No, I can’t.
情态动词may的用法：
（1）表示许可，意为“许可”。
例如：May I come in?
You may take everything you like.
（2）表示推测，通常用于肯定句和否定句中，意为“可能”。
例如：He may be very busy now.
He said that she might not be at work today.
注意：can和may都不是可能性，can通常用于否定句和疑问句中，而may通常用于肯定句和否定句中。虽然两者均可用于否定句中，但其意思不同：can't意为“不可能”，may not意为“可能不”。另外，can和may均可表示请求允许，但can为一般用词，而may为正式用词。
例如：It can’t be true.那不可能是真的。
It may not be true.那可能不是真的
能力拓展

一、单项选择
1．（2021·山东济南市·七年级期末）—Mike, can you play the piano?
—No, I _________. But I can play the drums.
A．do B．don’t C．can D．can’t
2．（黑龙江省哈尔滨市2021年中考英语试题）—Without the scientists’ great efforts, we live such a happy life.
—They’re really our heroes.
A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t
3．（2021·江苏中考真题）一I often see the sign in schools. What does it mean?
一Students ________ bring mobile phones to school.

A．needn’t B．can’t C．couldn’t D．wouldn’t
4．（2021·黑龙江牡丹江市·中考真题）There is no light on.They _______ be at home.
A．mustn’t B．can’t C．needn’t
5．（2021·吉林长春市·中考真题）Bill is running so fast! I _________ believe my eyes.
A．needn’t B．shouldn’t C．mustn’t D．can’t
6．（2020·阿荣旗教师培训中心七年级期末）Judy ________ perform ballet very well now. But she ________ do it two years ago.
A．can; can’t B．can; could C．could; can’t D．can; couldn’t
7．（2019·江苏七年级期末）—Could you go to the cinema to watch the film Dombo with me?
—Sorry, I ________. I have to go home right after school.
A．can’t B．couldn’t C．needn’t D．mustn’t
8．（2021·北京九年级二模）— Alice, can you make dumplings?
— Yes, I ________.
A．may B．can C．must D．need
9．（2020·四川资阳市·中考真题）—What ________ I do for you, Madam?
—I want to buy a new Huawei computer for my husband.
A．must B．should C．can D．will
10．（2021·长春市宽城区教师进修学校九年级单元测试）—Whose backpack is this?
—It ________ be Jim’s. Look, his student card is in it.
A．must B．can C．mustn’t D．can’t
二、完型填空
通读下面的短文, 掌握其大意, 然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
The Great Wall is famous as the eighth wonder(奇迹) of the world. Every year 11 tourists from all over the world come to visit this place of 12 in China.
Last Saturday, I went to the Great Wall 13 some of my friends. It was a 14 day. On our way up, we saw many volunteers(志愿者) standing in the sun. They 15 the elders with their bags, 16 photos for some tourists and answered people’s 17 They were very tired, but they didn’t stop to have a 18 We were moved when we saw this.
Just at that time, we saw 19 little boy standing alone and crying. We went over and asked what 20 to him. From his answer we knew that he couldn’t 21 his mother. We told him not to worry about it and then we tried to 22 his mother with the phone number he gave us. Twenty minutes later, his 23 turned up. When she saw his son, she was very excited and thanked us with tears in her eyes.
That day we not only enjoyed the 24 of the Great Wall, but also felt the warmth of the society. If 25 can give a helping hand to others, the world around us will be more beautiful.
11．A．hundreds B．thousands of C．thousand D．hundred of
12．A．interest B．interests C．interested D．interesting
13．A．along B．past C．through D．with
14．A．windy B．cloudy C．sunny D．bored
15．A．shared B．helped C．became D．practiced
16．A．found B．took C．saw D．pointed
17．A．questions B．erasers C．future D．advertisements
18．A．rest B．test C．hall D．sleep
19．A．an B．the C．a D．some
20．A．agreed B．happened C．missed D．tasted
21．A．found B．found out C．find D．look for
22．A．pass B．believe C．take D．call
23．A．father B．brother C．uncle D．mother
24．A．beauty B．beautiful C．careful D．endless
25．A．nobody B．everyone C．nothing D．Something
三、阅读单选
A
Dear Jenny,
Gary is having a potluck after the exams! He invites all of us to come. It's a potluck_party, so I think I can bring some beef noodles. As I know, Lily is bringing some drinks and Gina is bringing a big homemade chocolate cake. Can you ask your mom to buy us some fried chicken from the KFC? You know it's too far for all of us to ride a bike there，but your mom often drives there. We can pay the bill(账单)together.
The party begins at noon on March 25th, so be sure to be at Gary's place around 11：30 a.m. to prepare for the party. Don't forget to invite Amy. She is good at music. If you have any questions，just call me or write back to me. Take care!
Leo
26．The underlined phrase “potluck_party”means “________” in Chinese.
A．自助餐聚会 B．化装舞会 C．生日聚会 D．同学聚会
27．Who may take fried chicken to the party?
A．Leo. B．Gary. C．Lily. D．Jenny.
28．There are________names in the e­mail.
A．5 B．6 C．7 D．8
29．Why does Leo ask Jenny's mom to buy the fried chicken?
A．Because Jenny lives next to the restaurant. B．Because he doesn't want to spend much money.
C．Because it is far for them to ride to buy it. D．Because he is busy studying for the exams.
30．Which of the following is NOT true?
A．Gary is having a potluck party. B．The party starts at noon.
C．Jenny has to pay for the fried chicken. D．We don't know if Amy can go to the party.
B
I spent an hour writing out all the invitations to my daughter's classmates. She told me who said they were coming.We spent so much time and money making gifts.“Tina would love the sunglasses，and Mike would love this pencil…” Jenny said.She helped me make cupcakes，60 of them with different colors and tastes.
Everything was ready.At four，it started to rain.And it didn't seem to stop soon.“Will they come at five？” Jenny asked me.She looked worried.I was not sure，either.We sat on the sofa and waited.At 4：50，Lisa，Jenny's best friend arrived.We were both happy and welcomed her.Until 5：20，seven of thirty classmates came.
I thought Jenny would be sad.“I'm happy today，Mom，” Jenny told me after the party was over.“It was rainy, but some of my classmates still came.I know who are my real friends.”
“Yes，it's the most important thing，” I said.
31．Who is the writer of the passage?
A．Jenny. B．Jenny's mother.
C．Jenny's teacher. D．Jenny's classmate.
32．What is the first paragraph mainly talking about?
A．The party invitations.
B．The party preparations.
C．The guests at the party.
D．How to make cupcakes.
33．Why was Jenny worried?
A．Something was not ready for the party.
B．Her classmates didn't love the gifts.
C．Her classmates might not come because of the rain.
D．There weren't enough cupcakes for her classmates.
34．How did Jenny feel about the party?
A．She was sad.
B．She was happy.
C．She was surprised.
D．She was tired.
35．What does the passage tell us?
A．Real friends always support (支持) us.
B．It's not easy to have a birthday party.
C．Never believe what others said easily.
D．Don't try to be friends with everyone.
四、短文汉语提示填空根据短文内容和括号内所给汉语意思，写出空白处各单词的正确形式(每空一词)。
Dear Susan,
How is everything going? I was 36．(开心的)to hear from you yesterday. Thank you for 37．(邀请)me to your birthday party. But I have to say sorry because I'm not 38．(有空的)on Thursday. My school will have a basketball 39．(比赛)with another school on Friday. It is a big 40．(公开活动)to everybody. A lot of people will come to 41．(观看)it. As the captain(队长)of our school basketball team, I have to 42．(待)with other players together and 43．(准备)for it well. Oh, you can tell me 44．(如果)you need my help. Finally, please 45．(接受)my best wishes to you.
Happy birthday!
Yours,
Li Ming