福建省福州市福州市八县一中2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期末联考试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份福建省福州市福州市八县一中2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期末联考试题（Word版附解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分30分)等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022-2023学年第二学期八县(市、区)一中期末联考
高二英语试题
完卷时间：120分钟 满分：150分
第一部分：听力(共两节;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What kind of car will the speakers buy?
A. The one with four doors. B. The one with two doors. C. The one in red.
2. Why does the man make the call?
A. To confirm a booking. B. To make a booking. C. To change a booking.
3. What will the man probably do today?
A. Ask for sick leave.
B. See a doctor after work.
C. Invite his manager to his house.
4. When does the conversation take place?
A. On Saturday. B. On Sunday. C. On Monday.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A teacher. B. An exam. C. Chemistry.
第二节 (共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. How will the speakers go to the new Italian place?
A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By car.
7. What will Rob do tonight?
A. Eat out. B. Meet friends. C. Fly to London.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。
8. What are the speakers mainly discussing?
A. A weekend plan. B. A delicious picnic. C. The beautiful scenery.
9. What did the woman intend to do?
A. Walk along the park. B. Stay at home. C. Attend a concert.
10. What is the woman’s attitude toward climbing in the end?
A. Worried. B. Excited. C. Tired.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。
11. What color tie does the woman think matches the man’s jacket?
A. Green. B. Black. C. Red.
12. Why doesn’t the woman like high heels?
A. They aren’t beautiful.
B. They are uncomfortable to wear.
C. They don’t match the dress.
13. What does the man mean in the end?
A. He knows a cafe nearby.
B. He can’t decide what to buy.
C. He doesn’t want to go on shopping.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 16 题。
14. How many people were there on the train?
A. 17. B. 18. C. 20.
15. Why did the bus lose control?
A. It had a fault. B. It caught fire inside. C. The road was wet.
16. What was the result of the car accident?
A. The car’s fuel tank exploded.
B. The car crashed into water.
C. Frane broke his arm.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. When did the students get to school?
A. At 4:30. B. At 5:00. C. At 5:30.
18. How did the speaker feel when the coach arrived?
A. Excited. B. Tired. C. Sad.
19. What did the speaker get for her sister?
A. A dress. B. A bag. C. A T-shirt.
20. What did the speaker like best about this trip?
A. The boat trip. B. The comfortable hotel. C. The shopping experience.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节 ,满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Science Events from New Scientist
Space, Time and Motion with Sean Carroll
Online | October 20, 2023 | 18:00–19:00
“Where, when and how?” are some of the most fundamental questions we can ask, and knowledge of space, time and motion has been central to the biggest discoveries in physics. Join Sean Carroll, an expert in physics, as he explores deep questions about the nature of space, time and motion, and lays out the framework of classical physics from Galileo and Euclid to Newton and Einstein.
Big Thinkers Series 2023
Online | November 10, 2023
The 2023 Big Thinkers series from New Scientist events features eight online talks streamed throughout 2023, covering a wide range of topics all of which will be brought to you by world-class experts. If you are curious about your brain, your body, our planet or the universe, then this series is your place to hear the latest research.
Memory, the Brain and Who We Are
Online | November 15, 2023 | 18:00–19:00
Psychiatrist Veronica O’Keane will draw examples of the broken memories of psychosis (精神失常) to explain the complex human brain and offer you some expertise (专业知识). How do our brains store and then conjure up (浮现) past experiences to make us who we are? Are there such things as “true” and “false” memories? These examples will offer a new way of thinking about our own personal experiences.
Instant Expert: Understanding Your Brain
The British Library, London | November 19, 2023
At this event, six experts will guide you on a tour of the most attractive object in the known universe. On the way you’ll learn how our brains learn languages, how they store memories and why they need to sleep. Hosted by a New Scientist journalist, our one-day masterclass offers the chance to learn all about the brain directly from the experts.
1. Which event focuses on discoveries in physics?
A. Big Thinkers Series 2023. B. Memory, the Brain and Who We Are.
C. Instant Expert: Understanding Your Brain. D. Space, Time and Motion with Sean Carroll.
2. When can you attend lectures given by first-rate experts?
A. On October 20, 2023. B. On November 19, 2023.
C. On November 10, 2023. D. On November 15, 2023.
3. What do the four events have in common?
A. They are held online. B. They offer expert guidance.
C. They mainly focus on memory. D. They each last for one hour.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个科学活动的情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Space, Time and Motion with Sean Carroll部分中““Where, when and how?” are some of the most fundamental questions we can ask, and knowledge of space, time and motion has been central to the biggest discoveries in physics.(“在哪里，什么时候，如何发现的？”是我们可以提出的一些最基本的问题，而关于空间、时间和运动的知识一直是物理学重大发现的核心)”可知，Space, Time and Motion with Sean Carroll活动的重点是物理学的发现。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Big Thinkers Series 2023部分中“The 2023 Big Thinkers series from New Scientist events features eight online talks streamed throughout 2023, covering a wide range of topics all of which will be brought to you by world-class experts.(《新科学家》活动的2023年大思想家系列活动包括8个在线讲座，贯穿2023年，涵盖了广泛的主题，所有这些都将由世界级专家为您带来)”可知，你在2023年11月10日能参加一流专家的讲座。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一部分“Join Sean Carroll, an expert in physics, as he explores deep questions about the nature of space, time and motion, and lays out the framework of classical physics from Galileo and Euclid to Newton and Einstein.(加入物理学专家肖恩·卡罗尔，他探索了关于空间、时间和运动本质的深刻问题，并展示了从伽利略和欧几里得到牛顿和爱因斯坦的经典物理学框架)”；第二部分“The 2023 Big Thinkers series from New Scientist events features eight online talks streamed throughout 2023, covering a wide range of topics all of which will be brought to you by world-class experts.(《新科学家》活动的2023年大思想家系列活动包括8个在线讲座，贯穿2023年，涵盖了广泛的主题，所有这些都将由世界级专家为您带来)”；第三部分“Psychiatrist Veronica O’Keane will draw examples of the broken memories of psychosis (精神失常) to explain the complex human brain and offer you some expertise (专业知识).(精神病学家维罗妮卡·奥基恩将以精神病患者的破碎记忆为例来解释复杂的人脑，并为你提供一些专业知识)”以及最后一部分“Hosted by a New Scientist journalist, our one-day masterclass offers the chance to learn all about the brain directly from the experts. (由《新科学家》记者主持，我们为期一天的大师班提供了直接从专家那里了解大脑的机会)”可知，这四个活动的共同之处是都提供专家指导。故选B。
B
Tired of working in IT and staying the same in Australia, Paulo Cattanco decided to make a change. In 2015 he started a strict budget so he could save up enough money to buy his dream KTM1190 motorbike, a camera, and enough funds to support himself for a few years.
Then he gave up his job, packed his things, and set off on an adventure, travelling the world on his motorbike. Paulo,39, has spent the last four years biking through Australia. South America, North America, and Europe, riding up to 12 hours a day and spending his nights in his tent under the stars.
“Australia for me was my first experience riding long distance and I was mind-blown by the beauty of the old continent.” Paulo wrote on his travel journal, “Traveling through Latin America, I explored the rainforest and learned Spanish and Portuguese. Mexico has some of the best food I ever had and Peru is an interesting place where I can enjoy the unique local Indian culture, also called Inca civilization.”
Paulo has managed to keep his travels going by keeping his budget tight, so he hasn’t had to get a job for his travels. To keep costs low, he seldom looked for accommodation in hotels and went camping instead. Thankfully, the motorbike, which Paulo bought second hand in Australia, has not required any major repairs since he set off. The journey isn’t always easy, but Paulo has never looked back.
Sadly, the Covid-19 pandemic put a stop to his travels in Greece when he traveled around Europe, and Paulo has had to spend the last few months in Italy, his homeland. Once the world is back up and running, he plans to return to life on the road and explore Asia and Africa.
4. What did Paulo begin to do in 2015?
A. He switched his occupation. B. He started a travel adventure.
C. He carried out a saving plan. D. He purchased travel equipment.
5. What do we know about Paulo’s journey?
A. He enjoyed the best food in Peru. B. The motorbike often troubled him.
C. He got a job to support his travel. D. The view in Australia appealed to him.
6. Which of the following words can best describe Paulo?
A. Determined and adventurous. B. Intelligent and economical.
C. Ambitious and idealistic. D. Humble and knowledgeable.
7. Where is the text probably from?
A. A fitness magazine. B. A travel journal.
C. A lifestyle website. D. A sports column.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Paulo Cattanco放弃工作，骑着摩托车环游世界的经历，虽然他的冒险旅程因为新冠疫情而不得不中断，但是他从未放弃他的冒险梦。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“In 2015 he started a strict budget so he could save up enough money to buy his dream KTM1190 motorbike, a camera, and enough funds to support himself for a few years.(2015年，他开始了一个严格的预算，这样他就可以存够钱买他梦想中的 KTM1190摩托车，一个相机，和足够的资金来养活自己几年。)”可知，Paulo在2015年开始实施了省钱计划。故选C。
5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Australia for me was my first experience riding long distance and I was mind-blown by the beauty of the old continent.(澳大利亚对我来说是我第一次长途骑行的经历，我被这片古老大陆的美景所震撼。)”可知，澳大利亚的景色吸引了Paulo。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Then he gave up his job, packed his things, and set off on an adventure, travelling the world on his motorbike.(然后他放弃了工作，收拾好行李，开始了一段冒险之旅，骑着他的摩托车环游世界。)”可知，Paulo喜欢冒险，和第四段中“Paulo has managed to keep his travels going by keeping his budget tight, so he hasn’t had to get a job for his travels. To keep costs low, he seldom looked for accommodation in hotels and went camping instead.(保罗通过保持紧缩的预算来维持他的旅行，这样他就不用为他的旅行找工作了。为了保持低成本，他很少在旅馆住宿，而是去露营。)”可知，虽然预算紧张，但是Paulo没有放弃自己的旅行梦想，所以说他很有决心，故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了Paulo Cattanco放弃工作，骑着摩托车环游世界的经历，虽然他的冒险旅程因为新冠疫情而不得不中断，但是他从未放弃他的冒险梦。由此可知，文章讲的是Paulo Cattanco所追求的一种生活方式，所以文章可能选自一个有关生活方式的网站，故选C。
C
Student team TU/ecomotive at the Eindhoven University of Technology has developed a sustainable electric passenger car that captures more carbon dioxide (CO₂) than it emits while driving. Called ZEM, for zero emission mobility, the two-seater purifies the air through a special filter (过滤器). By storing the captured CO₂ and then dealing with it, ZEM can contribute to reducing global warming. The students will continue to improve the vehicle with the goal of making it carbon-neutral (碳中和) for its entire life cycle.
The car can capture 2 kilograms of CO₂ through a special filter at 20,000 travel miles per year. This means that ten cars can store as much CO₂ as an average tree. That may not seem like much, but the overall payoff is significant if you were to utilize it in every passenger car. After all, there are more than a billion passenger cars driving around the world, which could capture net CO₂ instead of emitting it.
A life cycle analysis with SimaPro software can be used to determine the extent to which the life cycle of the vehicle — from construction to use and afterlife — is carbon-neutral. Several innovations contribute to this goal. Consider the 3D printing techniques used by the students. The body panels are made through 3D printing, resulting in almost no remaining waste. In addition, the student team prints plastics that can be recycled for other projects.
The electric and sustainable four-wheel drive has a sporty look. With the good reason, say the students, because a sporting challenge awaits the automotive industry. After all road transport must become much more sustainable.
Nikki Okkels, external relations manager at TU/ecomotive, says: “We call on the industry to pick up the challenge, and of course we are happy to think along with them. We haven’t finished developing yet, but we believe it will eventually hit the road. We warmly invite car makers to come and take a look.”
8. How can ZEM reduce global warming?
A. It produces no carbon emissions during construction.
B. It can transform captured CO₂ into green energy.
C. It can last long due to its improved life cycle.
D. It cleans the air by absorbing CO₂.
9. What does the underlined word “utilize” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Show. B. Drive. C. Apply. D. Catch.
10. What contributes to the vehicle’s carbon neutrality according to paragraph 3?
A. 3D printing techniques.
B. SimaPro software.
C. Reusable waste materials.
D. Advanced afterlife recycling.
11. What does Nikki Okkels expect of the four-wheeler?
A. It will reach the market. B. It will speed up driving.
C. It will have a sporty look. D. It will be made of plastic.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了埃因霍温理工大学的学生团队TU/ ecommotive开发的可持续电动乘用车。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“By storing the captured CO₂ and then dealing with it, ZEM can contribute to reducing global warming.(通过储存捕获的二氧化碳然后进行处理，ZEM可以为减缓全球变暖做出贡献。)”可知，ZEM通过吸收二氧化碳来净化空气，进而减缓全球变暖。故选D项。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在部分“This means that ten cars can store as much CO₂ as an average tree. That may not seem like much, but the overall payoff is significant if you were to utilize it in every passenger car.(这意味着10辆汽车可以储存的二氧化碳相当于一棵普通的树。这可能看起来不多，但如果你在每辆乘用车上utilize它，总体回报是显著的。)”中“That may not seem like much”和“but the overall payoff is significant”可知，句中对两种情况进行了对比，结合划线词后in every passenger car可知，句中把“用到10辆汽车”和“用到每辆乘用车上”的情况进行了对比，由此推知，划线词与Apply同义，意为“应用”。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“A life cycle analysis with SimaPro software can be used to determine the extent to which the life cycle of the vehicle — from construction to use and afterlife — is carbon-neutral. Several innovations contribute to this goal. Consider the 3D printing techniques used by the students. The body panels are made through 3D printing, resulting in almost no remaining waste. In addition, the student team prints plastics that can be recycled for other projects.(使用SimaPro软件进行生命周期分析，可以确定车辆的生命周期(从建造到使用和使用后)达到碳中和的程度。一些创新有助于实现这一目标。 考虑学生使用的3D打印技术。车身面板是通过3D打印制造的，几乎没有剩余的废物。此外，学生团队打印的塑料可以回收用于其他项目。 )”可知，3D打印技术有助于实现车辆的碳中和。故选A项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“We haven’t finished developing yet, but we believe it will eventually hit the road.(我们还没有完成开发，但我们相信它最终会上路行驶。)”可推知，Nikki Okkels认为ZEM终将上路行驶，进入市场。故选A项。
D
The 31,000-year-old skeleton (骨骼) of a young adult found in Indonesia reveals the oldest known evidence of an amputation (截肢), according to a new study.
“We were exploring a cave in Borneo, in a rainforest region, for some of the earliest rock art in the world, when we came across the burial site and the skeleton, which then excited our curiosity,” said Tim Maloney, the study’s lead researcher. Though much of the skeleton was complete, it missed its left foot and the lower part of its left leg, he explained. After examining the remains, the researchers concluded the foot bones weren’t lost in the site or in an accident — they were carefully removed. The remaining leg bone showed a clean cut.
Researchers believed the find presents a remarkable deed. It’s tricky and demanding to prevent infection in amputations, even to this day. Yet more than 30,000 years ago someone was able to handle it. Researchers didn’t know what tool was used to cut the body parts, but they assumed a sharp stone tool may have made the cut. What seems certain is that the patient enjoyed great post-operative care for considerable time, for the person appeared to have lived for around six to nine more years after being disabled.
The operation’s good end result is not pure chance. It implies that the person who performed the operation had some understanding of antimicrobial (抗菌的) medicine. In this respect, their lifestyle and forest environment might have proved to be advantages. “Given these people lived in an area with many medicinal plants, there is a strong case to guess that adapting to this environment may have boosted the development of advanced medical knowledge,” Maloney said.
The surgery rewrites the history of human medical developments. Before this find, the earliest example of amputation had been in a French farmer from almost 7,000 years ago. Researchers had believed advanced medical practice developed around 10,000 years ago, as humans settled down into agricultural societies. But this study adds to evidence that humans started caring for each other’s health long before that.
12. What did Maloney say about the skeleton?
A. It is preserved poorly. B. It is found by accident.
C. It needs further study. D. It shows ancient wisdom.
13. Which part of the amputation is difficult according to the researchers?
A. Seeking proper tools. B. Keeping the cut clean.
C. Avoiding the infection. D. Providing post-operative care.
14. What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. Reasons for the surgery’s success. B. Geographical features of Borneo.
C. Knowledge of plants’ medicinal use. D. Benefits of the forest environment.
15. What does the discovery of the skeleton show?
A. Borneo is the source of surgical amputation.
B. Amputation is common for prehistoric people.
C. Ancient agriculture promoted medical development.
D. Humans made advanced medical practice earlier than thought.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是根据一项新的研究，在印度尼西亚发现的一具3.1万年前的年轻人骨骼揭示了已知最古老的截肢证据。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“We were exploring a cave in Borneo, in a rainforest region, for some of the earliest rock art in the world, when we came across the burial site and the skeleton, which then excited our curiosity. (我们在婆罗洲的一个洞穴里探险，在一个热带雨林地区，寻找世界上最早的岩石艺术，当我们偶然遇到埋葬地点和骨架时，这激发了我们的好奇心。)”可知，Tim Maloney是在婆罗洲的一个洞穴里探险，在一个热带雨林地区，寻找世界上最早的岩石艺术的时候，偶然间发现了骨骼即这是偶然发现的。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Researchers believed the find presents a remarkable deed. It’s tricky and demanding to prevent infection in amputations, even to this day. (研究人员认为，这一发现是一件了不起的事。即使在今天，防止截肢感染仍然是一项棘手而艰巨的工作。)”可知，防止截肢感染仍然是一项棘手而艰巨的工作。故选C。
14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段中“The operation’s good end result is not pure chance. It implies that the person who performed the operation had some understanding of antimicrobial (抗菌的) medicine. (这次手术的好结果并非纯属偶然。说明操作人员对抗菌药物有一定的了解。)”可知，本段主要介绍了该手术成功的原因即操作人员对抗菌药物有一定的了解。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Before this find, the earliest example of amputation had been in a French farmer from almost 7,000 years ago. Researchers had believed advanced medical practice developed around 10,000 years ago, as humans settled down into agricultural societies. But this study adds to evidence that humans started caring for each other’s health long before that. (在这一发现之前，最早的截肢病例出现在大约7000年前的一位法国农民身上。研究人员认为，先进的医疗实践在大约1万年前发展起来，当时人类已经进入了农业社会。但这项研究进一步证明，人类早在那之前就开始关心彼此的健康了。)”可知，该研究表明人类创造先进医疗实践的时间比想象的要早。故选D。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
According to a common saying, “Honesty is the best policy.” ___16___ Lying often seems like a good way to impress people or avoid blame for mistakes. Some people lie out of habit, without even realizing they’re doing it. But despite all this, honesty really is worth the effort.
One obvious reason for honesty is that lies are difficult to maintain. There’s always a chance that the person you lied to will find out the truth. ___17___
Lies are also difficult to hide because they are harder to remember than the truth. If you make up a story, you have to remember all the details. ___18___ But if you commit to telling the truth, you will never have trouble remembering. This saves you effort and makes conversations less stressful for you.
Another obvious reason to avoid lying is that lying can harm others. People who believe your lies might make bad decisions because of them. And a lie about someone else could destroy that person’s reputation. On a personal level, if your friends find out you lied to them, their feeling will be hurt. They will question whether they can trust you or wonder whether you care about them. In contrast, if you always tell the truth, you will develop a reputation for honesty. ___19___ Business deals, friendships, family and romantic relationships all depend on trust
___20___ Sometimes it’s best to remain silent if your words might hurt someone else. Honesty means that when you speak, you tell the truth without holding any information back. When you do that, you will feel more relaxed and enjoy stronger relationships.
A. This will help you in every area of your life.
B. But in daily life, honesty can be difficult.
C. Is the gain from lying really worth the risk?
D. We will get others’ respect and appreciation if telling the truth0
E. Being honest is a basic principle for us to deal with others.
F. Honesty, however, doesn’t mean you have to say everything in your mind.
G. And the more lies you tell, the more stories you have to remember.
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. G 19. A 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章讲述了人们不要撒谎的原因，以及诚实的重要性。
【16题详解】
根据后文“Lying often seems like a good way to impress people or avoid blame for mistakes.(撒谎似乎是给人们留下深刻印象或避免错误指责的好方法。)”可知撒谎似乎是给人留下深刻印象或避免犯错的好方法。由此可知，日常生活中要保持诚实是难的事情。B选项“But in daily life, honesty can be difficult.(但在日常生活中，诚实可能很困难。)”引起下文，强调在现实生活中，诚实不是很容易能够做到的，与下文的付出努力呼应。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据前文“One obvious reason for honesty is that lies are difficult to maintain. There’s always a chance that the person you lied to will find out the truth.(诚实的一个明显原因是谎言很难维持。你撒谎的人总是有可能发现真相。)”可知，此处强调的是撒谎始终会被人发现，因此撒谎是有风险性的。C选项“Is the gain from lying really worth the risk?(撒谎获得的好处真的值得冒险吗？)”承接上文，强调这种益处值得冒险么？故选C。
【18题详解】
根据前文“Lies are also difficult to hide because they are harder to remember than the truth. If you make up a story, you have to remember all the details. (谎言也很难隐藏，因为它们比真相更难记住。如果你编造一个故事，你必须记住所有的细节。)”可知，此处强调谎言很难隐藏，编造一个故事，必须记住所有的细节，即撒谎越多就需要记住更多的细节。G选项“And the more lies you tell, the more stories you have to remember.(你说的谎言越多，你必须记住的故事就越多。)”承接上文，此处story与前文呼应。故选G。
【19题详解】
根据前文“In contrast, if you always tell the truth, you will develop a reputation for honesty.(相比之下，如果你总是说实话，你就会建立诚实的声誉。)”可知，此处强调说实话的好处。A选项“This will help you in every area of your life.(这将在你生活的每个领域帮助你。)”中的this指代的是前文的“说实话”，符合文意。故选A。
20题详解】
根据后文“Sometimes it’s best to remain silent if your words might hurt someone else. (有时，如果你的话可能会伤害别人，最好保持沉默。)”可知，此处强调有的时候要保持沉默，即不说出自己想说的一切，因为这有可能对别人造成伤害。F选项“Honesty, however, doesn’t mean you have to say everything in your mind.(然而，诚实并不意味着你必须说出你脑海中的一切。)”引起下文，即诚实并意味着要说出你想的一切，有的时候要保持沉默，避免带来消极后果。故选F。
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。
When I was in fourth grade, I started stuttering (口吃). I tried speech therapy (疗法) but it didn’t ____21____. I begged to rid my stutter, but nothing changed. I was very ____22____.
I tried to practice singing at home. To my amazement the words came ____23____ when I sang. My stutter disappeared. After that, I ____24____ my school team and began learning how to play the guitar. By the summer I was 16, severe anxiety and depression set in. My stutter had become my entire identity, and I was too ____25____ to talk at all. I didn’t tell anyone how I was ____26____.
Last year, I started college, where I’m majoring in music production. When I saw the America’s Got Talent audition announcement pop up on my computer, I ____27____. A couple months later, I was standing on that enormous stage in Pasadena, trying to ____28____ my nerves as I introduced myself to the America’s Got Talent judges and ____29____. Then I launched into a new song I’d written, ______30______ Back to Life. I tried to focus on the ______31______. And just as I’d said, there was no stutter at all.
When I finished, the whole crowd was on its feet, and so were the judges. I couldn’t ______32______ it! Judge Simon Cowell told me I had a pure and beautiful ______33______. He and the other judges gave me the four votes I needed to ______34______ to the next round of the competition. I couldn’t hold back my tears. My wildest dreams were coming true, dreams I’d never thought ______35______.
21. A. fail B. work C. miss D. grow
22. A. confused B. delighted C. amused D. frightened
23. A. suddenly B. slightly C. seriously D. smoothly
24. A. funded B. praised C. joined D. visited
25. A. fascinated B. alarmed C. cautious D. dynamic
26. A. feeling B. resolving C. charging D. performing
27. A. stood by B. fled away C. signed up D. showed off
28. A. test B. direct C. predict D. calm
29. A. coaches B. passers-by C. journalists D. audience
30. A. fueled B. titled C. refreshed D. sustained
31. A. music B. view C. reward D. appearance
32. A. make B. ignore C. Believe D. prevent
33. A. voice B. figure C. image D. instrument
34. A. adapt B. advance C. argue D. reject
35. A. significant B. typical C. possible D. creative
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文属于记叙文。“我”因为口吃曾经很自卑，但是通过唱歌找回了自我，参加《美国达人秀》最终圆梦。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我试过语言治疗，但不起作用。A. fail失败；B. work起作用；C. miss错过；D. grow长大。根据前文“I tried speech therapy but…”判断，它没有起作用(work)。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很困惑。A. confused困惑的；B. delighted高兴的；C. amused愉快的；D. frightened害怕的。根据前文“I begged to rid my stutter, but nothing changed.”判断，“我”很困惑(confused)。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：让我吃惊的是，当我唱歌时,语言很流畅。A. suddenly突然；B. slightly稍微；C. seriously严肃地；D. smoothly顺利地。根据前文“I tried speech therapy (疗法) but it didn’t ____1____.”可知，之前尝试了很多方法，但是没有奏效，“我”在家努力练习唱歌，竟然唱得很流畅(smoothly)，所以“我”非常惊讶。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那之后，我加入了学校的团队，开始学习如何弹吉他。A. funded资助；B. praised表扬；C. joined参加；D. visited参观。根据上文“My stutter disappeared.”判断，“我”在家练习唱歌时唱得很流畅，不再口吃，因此后来加入了(joined)学校的声乐队。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的口吃成了我的全部身份，我非常担心说话。A. fascinated着迷的；B. alarmed担心的；惊慌的；C. cautious谨慎的；D. dynamic精力充沛的。根据上文“My stutter had become my entire identity…”判断，“我”因为口吃，非常担心(alarmed)说话。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有告诉任何人我的感受。A. feeling感觉；B. resolving决定；C. charging要价；控诉；D. performing表现。根据前文“My stutter had become my entire identity, and I was too ________ to talk at all.”判断，“我”因为口吃不敢说话，没有告诉任何人“我”的感受(feeling)。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我看到电脑上弹出的《美国达人秀》海选公告时，我报名了。A. stood by袖手旁观；B. fled away逃离；C. signed up报名；D. showed off炫耀。根据下文“A couple months later, I was standing on that enormous stage in Pasadena,”判断，当“我”在电脑上看到《美国达人秀》试镜公告时，“我”报名参加了(signed up)。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个月后，我站在帕萨迪纳巨大的舞台上，向《美国达人秀》的评委和观众介绍自己时，努力让自己的紧张情绪平静下来。A. test考验；B. direct指导；C. predict预测；D. calm使镇静。根据前文内容可知，“我”容易结巴，结合常理，站在一个巨大的舞台上，“我”会感到十分紧张，所以在做自我介绍时要使自己平静下来(calm)。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. coaches教练；B. passers-by过路人；C. journalists记者；D. audience观众。根据前文“I was standing on that enormous stage in Pasadena”可知，“我”站在一个巨大的舞台上，面对的是评委与观众(audience)。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我开始唱一首我写的新歌，名称为《回到生活》。A. fueled激起；给……加燃料；B. titled加标题于……；称为；C. refreshed使恢复；D. sustained维持。根据前文“Then I launched into a new song I’d written”与Back to Life判断，歌曲的名字叫(titled)《回归生活》。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我试着专注于音乐。就像我说的，根本没有口吃。A. music音乐；B. view看法；C. reward报酬；D. appearance外表。根据前文“I launched into a new song I’d written, ________ Back to Life.”判断，“我”尽力专注于音乐(music)。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我简直不敢相信。A. make制作；B. ignore忽视；C. Believe相信；D. prevent阻止。根据上文“When I finished, the whole crowd was on its feet, and so were the judges.”判断，“我”的演唱非常成功，因此“我”简直不敢相信(believe)!故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：西蒙·考威尔法官告诉我，我有一副纯净而美丽的嗓音。A. voice声音；B. figure数字；C. image形象；D. instrument器械。根据前文“Judge Simon Cowell told me”判断， “我”的演唱受到了人们的赞誉，西蒙·科威尔评委告诉“我”，“我”有一个纯净而美丽的声音(voice)。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他和其他评委给了我晋级下一轮比赛所需的四票。A. adapt改编；B. advance发展；晋升；C. argue争论；D. reject拒绝考虑。根据前文“gave me the four votes”与“the next round of the competition”判断，投给了“我”晋级(advance)下一轮比赛所需的四张票。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我最疯狂的梦想正在实现，我从未想过的梦想。A. significant重要的；B. typical典型的；C. possible可能的；D. creative有创造性的。根据前文“My wildest dreams were coming true…”判断，这是“我”从未想过有可能(possible)成真的梦想。故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As a young man full of both passion and endurance, Perce Blackborow had long been dreaming of decent adventure, so he didn’t give up when Sir Ernest Shackleton turned down his request to join the expedition. Perce____36____(secret) hid himself in a cupboard, only____37____(find) three days after they set off. He felt fortunate and happy when he was assigned as a steward instead of being sent back home.
The journey was ____38____ (hard) than expected. The ship got____39____(stick) in the ice as they approached Antarctica and they had to abandon the ship.____40____the guidance of Sir Ernest, they ____41____ (throw) away nearly everything except necessities and a banjo, ____42____kept their spirits up during the journey. They camped on the ice but with spring ____43____(come), the ice began to melt. Ernest left for South Georgia Island in order to find help. It was the genuine ____44____(encourage) and concern from Bless Frank Wild that cheered Berce up. Realizing that he shouldn’t become selfish just because of_____45_____adversity they were faced with, Berce learned to be optimistic and determined.
【答案】36. secretly
37. to be found
38. harder 39. stuck
40. Under 41. threw
42. which 43. coming
44. encouragement
45. the
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公Perce Blackhorow经历的一次冒险之旅。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：Perce秘密地藏在一个柜子里，结果在他们出发三天后被发现。分析句子可知，空处修饰动词hid，应用副词secretly“秘密地”。故填secretly。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：Perce秘密地藏在一个柜子里，结果在他们出发三天后被发现。“only +动词不定式”常表示意料之外的结果，此处应用动词不定式，作结果状语，动词find与逻辑主语Perce之间为动宾关系，应用不定式的被动式“to be done”。故填to be found。
【38题详解】
考查比较级。句意：这段旅程比预期的要艰难。根据后文than可知应用形容词hard的比较级形式。故填harder。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当他们接近南极洲时，船陷在了冰里，他们不得不弃船。stick和逻辑主语The ship 之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词，表示被动，get stuck“被卡住，被困住”。故填stuck。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：在Ernest先生的指导下，他们几乎扔掉了所有的东西，除了必需品和一把班卓琴，它使他们在旅途中精神振奋。根据句意可知，此处指“在……的指导下”，应用固定短语under the guidance of，句首单词首字母大写。故填Under。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在Ernest先生的指导下，他们几乎扔掉了所有的东西，除了必需品和一把班卓琴，它使他们在旅途中精神振奋。根据句意和从句谓语动词“kept”可知，句中讲述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。故填threw。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在Ernest先生的指导下，他们几乎扔掉了所有的东西，除了必需品和一把班卓琴，它使他们在旅途中精神振奋。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为banjo，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们在冰上扎营，但随着春天的到来，冰开始融化。此处为with的复合结构，且spring与come构成主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填coming。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：正是来自Bless Frank Wild的真诚鼓励和关心使他振作起来。分析句子可知，句子为强调句，强调主语，空处应填名词和concern并列，在句中作主语，ecouragement“鼓励”，为不可数名词。故填encouragement。
【45题详解】
考查定冠词。句意：意识到他不应该因为他们所面临的逆境而变得自私，他学会了乐观和坚定。分析句子可知，they were faced with为定语从句，修饰名词adversity，此处特指“他们所面临的逆境”，应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，校英语学习俱乐部负责人。你们邀请到了Smith教授在线作主题为“How to Write and Enjoy Poems”专题讲座。请你在讲座前作简要发言，内容包括：
1.表示感谢；
2.相关介绍；
3.对听众的要求。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear fellow students,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all, thank you.
【答案】Dear fellow students,
We feel honored, and wish to express our heartfelt appreciation to Professor Smith for his graciously agreeing to give us this online lecture on “How to Write and Enjoy Poems”. So let’s show our warm welcome!
Prof. Smith is a well-known poet, and he will illustrate the connotations of poems in structure, imagery, and rhyme by sharing his own poems. Thus, it is a great opportunity to improve our writing procedures and skills and I am sure it will be of significant benefit to us all.
I hope all in attendance will participate positively and follow his instructions as requested. You may also take notes if necessary. There will be a five-minute question-and-answer session following the lecture, which will allow you an opportunity to ask questions and actively participate in the discussion.
That’s all, thank you.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生在Smith教授的主题为“How to Write and Enjoy Poems”的专题讲座前作简要发言，内容包括：1.表示感谢；2.相关介绍；3.对听众的要求。
【详解】1.词汇积累
表达：express→convey
因此：thus→hence
机会：opportunity→chance
确定的：sure→certain
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：We feel honored, and wish to express our heartfelt appreciation to Professor Smith for his graciously agreeing to give us this online lecture on “How to Write and Enjoy Poems”.
拓展句：We feel honored and wish to express our heartfelt appreciation to Professor Smith for his graciously agreeing to give us this online lecture whose theme is “How to Write and Enjoy Poems”.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I hope all in attendance will participate positively and follow his instructions as requested. (运用了that引导的宾语从句，省略了that)
[高分句型2] There will be a five-minute question-and-answer session following the lecture, which will allow you an opportunity to ask questions and actively participate in the discussion. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节( 满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The young boy saw me, or rather, he saw the car and quickly ran up to me, eager to sell his bunches of bananas and bags of peanuts. Though he appeared to be about twelve, he seemed to have already known the bitterness of life.“Banana 300 naira. Peanuts 200 naira.”He said in a low voice. I bargained (与……讨价还价) him down to 200 total for the fruit and nuts. When he agreed, I handed him a 500 naira bill. He didn't have change. So I told him not to worry. He said thanks and smiled a row of perfect teeth.
When, two weeks later, I saw the boy again, I was more aware of my position in a society where it's not that uncommon to see a little boy who should be in school standing on the corner selling fruit in the burning sun. My parents had raised me to be aware of the advantage we had been afforded and the responsibility it brought to us.
I pulled over and rolled down my window. He had a bunch of bananas and a bag of peanuts ready. I waved them away.“ What's up?”I asked him.“I ... I don't have money to buy books for school.”1 reached into my pocket and handed him two fresh 500 naira bills.“Will this help?”I asked. He looked around nervously before taking the money. One thousand naira was a lot of money to someone whose family probably made about 5 ,000 naira or less each year. “Thank you, sir. ”he said.“Thank you very much!”
When driving home, I wondered if my little friend actually used the money for schoolbooks. What if he's a cheat? And then I wondered why I did it. Did I do it to make myself feel better? Was I using him? Later, I realized that I didn't know his name or the least bit about him, nor did I think to ask.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右:
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
One afternoon in September, I went to a poor community.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Joe led me into his home.
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【答案】One possible version:
One afternoon in September, I went to a poor community. When I was walking along the narrow road, a similar figure appeared in my sight. That was my little friend! As I approached, he also recognized me. Wearing a broad smile, he greeted me,“Good afternoon, sir!”I didn't expect to see you here!” I exclaimed. Then it hit me that I didn't know his name, so I continued,”May I have you name?”“Joe.” He replied. He invited me to his home and I agreed.
Joe led me into his home. It was almost empty. Soon a small shelf filled with looks caught my attention.”Thanks to your money, now I can read books anytime, any where!”Hearing his words, I was deeply touched. That afternoon, I asked everything about him: family, study, future plans…I felt more connected with him and became more aware of my responsibility to help the poor. On leaving, I left another two 500 naira bills.This time I knew I was definitely not using him to make myself feel better.”
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者开车时遇到一个卖水果的小男孩，得知他没有钱买书，作者给这个小孩一些钱，但走后又担心自己被骗，连小男孩的名字都不知道，后来作者去了一个贫困社区，在那里再次遇到这个小男孩，小男孩并且领作者回家，作者了解到他的境遇并且知道自己的钱真的帮助小男孩读书了，很感动，再一次资助了小男孩的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“九月的一个下午，我去了一个贫困社区。”可知，第一段可描写作者再一次见到小男孩的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“乔把我领到他家。”可知，第二段可描写作者得知自己的钱真的帮助了小男孩，并且被小男孩感动。
2.续写线索：再次见到——认出——问了名字——去小男孩家——感谢——感动——再次资助
3.词汇激活
行为类
①认出，承认：recognize/ acknowledge
②问候：greet/ say hello to sb.
③吸引某人注意：catch one's eye / catch one's attention
情绪类
①感动的：touched/moved
②当然：definitely /of course/certainly/without doubt
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. As I approached, he also recognized me. （as引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]. Then it hit me that I didn't know his name, so I continued, “May I have you name?”（由连接词that引导的主语从句，it为形式主语）
[高分句型3]. Hearing his words, I was deeply touched.（现在分词作状语）