福建省龙岩市一级联盟校2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期中考试试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份福建省龙岩市一级联盟校2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期中考试试题（Word版附解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了答题前，考生务必用0，第Ⅱ卷必须用0，15等内容，欢迎下载使用。

龙岩市一级校联盟2022~2023学年第二学期半期考联考
高二英语试题
(考试时间：120分钟总分：150分)
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号、县区和科类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。
2.第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
3.第Ⅱ卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试卷上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带.不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.15. C. £9.18.
答案是B。
1. Why does the man need a map?
A. At 7:30 pm. B. At 8:00 pm. C. At 8:30 pm.
3. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Mother and son. C. Colleagues.
4. What does the woman say about Jack’s race result?
A. It’s exciting. B. It’s unfair. C. It’s a pity.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A video. B. A singer. C. A program.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In an office. B. In a restaurant. C. To learn about China.
7. What will the man do tomorrow morning?
A. Deliver a suit. B. Attend a meeting. C. Colleagues.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What is the woman’s original plan for tonight?
A. Learning to bake. B. Reviewing for a test. C. Over the phone.
9. What dessert does the woman like best?
A. Tea ice cream. B. Banana cupcakes. C. Pick up someone.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题.
10. How does the woman sound?
A. Satisfied. B. Unhappy. C. Excited.
11. What does the woman probably do?
A. She’s a lawyer. B. She’s a doctor. C. She’s a salesperson.
12. When will the woman take her holiday?
A. In the summer. B. In the fall. C. In the winter.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the woman doing?
A. Hosting a show. B. Giving a lecture. C. Having a class.
14. How did Steven’s mother influence him?
A. By sending him to poetry classes. B. By teaching him to write business plans.
C. By asking him to read from, early childhood.
15. What does Steven find most difficult in writing?
A. Finding the right words. B. Choosing a suitable topic.
C. Describing real experiences.
16. What is Steven’s opinion on his own writing?
A. Creative： B. Successful. C. Encouraging.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the rate of the average global temperature increase?
A. 0.15 to 0.20℃ per year. B. 0.15 to 0.20℃ per decade.
C. 0.15 to 0.20℃ every five years.
18. At what average temperature will people become easy to feel sick?
A. 35℃. B. 37℃. C. 38℃.
19. What will happen if the average temperature reaches 39℃ to 41℃?
A. Sunflowers won’t survive anymore. B. Most countries will be drowned.
C. Sea animals will die massively.
20. What does the speaker mean in the end?
A. We should make some changes. B. We have lost our last chance.
C. We can stop global warming.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
If you are an event-creator, the world’s largest online marketplace for event ticketing can be your game-changer. As the go-to destination for millions of active ticket-buyers, Event-brite is becoming a growth engine.
Sellout your events with the best online ticketing system
Event brite’s network of over 83 million active ticket-buyers gives you unique visibility and top-of-mind awareness among the audience segments most likely to attend your event. That means more impressions, click-throughs, and traffic to your event site, resulting in sold-out events.
Plan for the entire ticket sales lifecycle
When it comes to event ticketing timing is critical to selling out an event. Our event ticketing system is with you the entire way, providing the tools to sell tickets online using re-liable, customer-friendly ticketing software from a trusted brand.
Build your community
●Email marketing tools
Subscribe to Eventbrite Boost to quickly and easily send emails to your community with no contact limits and up to 10, 000 daily sends.
●Audience reports & insights
Discover where your ticket sales are coming from, and get detailed information about your ticket-buyers, event attendance, and more.
● Automated event notifications
Keep your community engaged and your events top-of-mind with automated event reminders and updates when event-goers attend, “Follow” or “Like” your events.
1. What is “Event brite”?
A. It’s a popular business website. B. It’s a customer-friendly software.
C. It’s a platform selling event tickets. D. It’s a system helping arrange events.
2. What will event creators benefit from building a community?
A. Keeping the community known to all. B. Selling more tickets to other creators.
C. Improving community service quality. D. Learning more information about ticket sales.
3. Where is this text probably taken from?
A. A book review. B. An academic article.
C. A news report. D. An online advertisement.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上最大的活动票务在线市场——Event-brite，介绍了其功能等。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“As the go-to destination for millions of active ticket-buyers, Event-brite is becoming a growth engine.(作为数百万活跃购票者的首选，Event-brite正在成为一个增长引擎。)”可知，Event-brite是一个出售活动门票的平台。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Audience reports & insights”部分的“Discover where your ticket sales are coming from, and get detailed information about your ticket-buyers, event attendance, and more.(了解您的门票销售来自哪里，并获得有关您的购票者、活动出席率等的详细信息。)”可知，通过建立社区，创建者可以了解更多关于门票销售的信息。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“If you are an event-creator, the world’s largest online marketplace for event ticketing can be your game-changer. As the go-to destination for millions of active ticket-buyers, Event-brite is becoming a growth engine.(如果你是一个活动组织者，世界上最大的活动票务在线市场可以改变你的游戏规则。作为数百万活跃购票者的首选，Event-brite正在成为一个增长引擎。)”可知，文章主要介绍了Event-brite的强大功能，所以文章选自一则广告。故选D。
B
Claude Monet, Pablo Picasso and Leonardo da Vinci....the art world has never lacked talent. And now, a new painter is ready to join the list, although this one isn’t even human.
Next month, auction house Christie’s Prints and Multiples will make history by offering the first piece of art created by artificial intelligence for sale. The painting is a portrait of a man called Edmond de Belamy, and is expected to be sold for up to $10,000. The work, which features a man with a mysterious look on his face, was created by software developed by the French art group Obvious. Laugero-Lasserre, an art collector from France, called the work “fantastic and amazing at the same time”. This isn’t the first example of A I-produced art work, as AI has already been used to write poems and compose songs. However, many people doubt whether it should be called art at all. According to Russian writer Leo Tolstoy (1828-1910), art is about evoking emotion. It’s “a means of...joining people together in the same feelings”, he once said.
So, if the emotion behind art is what makes it, the ability to create and use tools is what makes human beings different from other species. And as a tool itself, the A I technology used to create the portrait is the result of a lot of effort made by several designers. Together, they “fed” the A I with a huge collection of paintings from the 14th to the18th centuries, until it was able to work out how to make similar paintings of its own.
The introduction of A I art could be the beginning of a new artistic movement. However, not everyone is ready to welcome these high-tech artists just yet.
4. Why are the talented artists mentioned in Paragraph 1?
A. To make a comparison. B. To introduce a new topic.
C. To add some information. D. To offer some background.
5. What does the underlined word “evoking” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Easing. B. Controlling. C. Creating. D. Relieving.
6. What can we learn from the text?
A. AI hadn’t created paintings before.
B. AI created artwork for the first time.
C. The price of the A I painting is the highest.
D. The Russian writer thought badly of the work.
7. What will be probably talked about in the following paragraph?
A. Statements supporting AI art.
B. Different opinions about AI art.
C. Famous artworks that AI has created.
D. AI technology used to create the portrait.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了佳士得拍卖行将创造历史，出售第一件人工智能创作的艺术品，而这也有可能是一场新的艺术运动的开始。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Claude Monet, Pablo Picasso and Leonardo da Vinci....the art world has never lacked talent. And now, a new painter is ready to join the list, although this one isn’t even human.(克劳德·莫奈，巴勃罗·毕加索和莱昂纳多·达·芬奇……艺术界从来不缺人才。现在，一位新的画家即将加入这个名单，尽管这位画家甚至不是人类。)”可知，文章第一段先提到一些艺术家，然后提到了AI艺术家。因此，文章提到艺术家是为了引出文章的主题。故选B。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线单词下一句“It’s “a means of...joining people together in the same feelings”, he once said.( 这是，他曾说过：“一种……让拥有相同情感的人们团结在一起。”)”可知，根据俄罗斯作家列夫·托尔斯泰的说法，艺术激发了人们的共同情感。选项A“Easing. (减轻)”；选项B“Controlling. (控制)”；选项C“Creating. (创造)”；选项D“Relieving. (缓解)”。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Next month, auction house Christie’s Prints and Multiples will make history by offering the first piece of art created by artificial intelligence for sale.(下个月，佳士得拍卖行将创造历史，出售第一件人工智能创作的艺术品。)”以及“This isn’t the first example of A I-produced art work, as AI has already been used to write poems and compose songs.(这并不是第一个由人工智能创作的艺术作品，因为人工智能已经被用于写诗和作曲。)”可知，在此之前，AI技术还没有创作过绘画作品。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The introduction of A I art could be the beginning of a new artistic movement. However, not everyone is ready to welcome these high-tech artists just yet.(A I艺术的引入可能是一场新的艺术运动的开始。然而，并不是所有人都准备好欢迎这些高科技艺术家。)”可知，文章接下来有可能会讨论人们对于A I艺术的不同看法。故选B。
C
A recently ended “China and I” writing competition, which attracted the participation, of hundreds of Egyptian writers and others interested in Chinese culture, has been considered by organizers and participants as part of growing cultural exchanges between the two ancient civilizations.
Organized by the China Cultural Center in Cairo in cooperation with Cairo-based Radio and Television Magazine and China Today Magazine, the second version of the Arabic language writing contest attracted some 380 competitors who wrote articles and short stories focusing on different sides of the special connection between Egypt and China.
Two winners received the major prize, one won first prize, two won second prize, five won third prize, 10 got encouragement prizes and l0 earned participation prizes. Prizes were not shared but equally given to each co-winner. The major prize of the competition was separately won by Egyptian novelist Mohamed Mustagab for his article Sadness Tends to Be Kidding—Resemblance between Mustagab and Mo Yan and Egyptian translator Nehal Ibrahim for her article When Heart Becomes Tongue. “In my article, I focused on what my late father, writer of the short story collection, Sadness Tends to Be Kidding and Chinese novelist and Nobel Prize winner Mo Yan have in common, such as their lives and styles of writing, ” Mustagab told the Xinhua News Agency.
The winner of the first prize was. Hossam el-Din Wahban, an Egyptian engineer interested in literature as well as Chinese culture, for his article “Shanghai and Music of Cities”.
The second prize was separately awarded to Emad al-Azrak, an Egyptian expert in Chinese affairs, for his article Three Stops on Road to China and Mostafa al-Saghir, director general of the Karnak temples in Upper Egypt’s monument-rich city of Luxor, for his article Get Ready. You Will Travel to China. In his article, Saghir focused on different angles of the growing cooperation between Egypt and China, such as the first joint Egyptian-Chinese archeological assignment that has recently been working on Montu Temple at the Karnak Temple Complex and the exchange of medical aid and professional knowledge between Egypt and China regarding the COVID-19 pandemic.
8. Why was “China and I” writing competition held?
A. To inspire writing lovers. B. To introduce historic events.
C. To draw Egyptians’ attention. D. To promote cultural exchanges.
9. What can be learned about the prizes?
A. There’re six types of prizes. B. There’s one major prizewinner.
C. There’re prizes for all participants. D. There’re prizes shared by co-winners.
10. What is mentioned in Mohamed Mustagab’s article?
A. His own works of translation. B. Discussion of his writing style.
C Analysis of his father’s writing. D. Cooperation between writers.
11. Who wrote about the China-Egypt cooperation in different fields?
A. Nehal Ibrahim. B. Emad al-Azrak.
C. Mostafa al-Saghir. D. Hossam el-Din Wahban.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了“我的中国故事”阿拉伯语征文大赛的相关情况。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“A recently ended “China and I” writing competition, which attracted the participation, of hundreds of Egyptian writers and others interested in Chinese culture, has been considered by organizers and participants as part of growing cultural exchanges between the two ancient civilizations. (最近结束的“中国与我”写作比赛吸引了数百名埃及作家和其他对中国文化感兴趣的人参加，组织者和参与者认为这是两个文明古国之间日益增长的文化交流的一部分。)”可知，举办“中国与我”写作比赛的目的促进是文化交流。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Two winners received the major prize, one won first prize, two won second prize, five won third prize, 10got encouragement prizes and l0 earned participation prizes. (2名获奖者获得特等奖，1名获得一等奖，2名获得二等奖，5名获得三等奖，10名获得鼓励奖，l0名获得参与奖。)”可知，这次比赛共有六个奖项。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“In my article, I focused on what my late father, writer of the short story collection, Sadness Tends to Be Kidding and Chinese novelist and Nobel Prize winner Mo Yan have in common, such as their lives and styles of writing, ” Mustagab told the Xinhua News Agency. (“在我的文章中，我专注于我已故的父亲，短篇小说集《悲伤趋向于开玩笑》的作者和中国小说家和诺贝尔奖获得者莫言的共同点，比如他们的生活和写作风格，”穆斯塔加布告诉新华社。)”可知，他分析了父亲的作品并与莫言的进行比较，发现有很多的共同之处。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“In his article, Saghir focused on different angles of the growing cooperation between Egypt and China, such as the first joint Egyptian-Chinese archeological assignment that has recently been working on Montu Temple at the Karnak Temple Complex and the exchange of medical aid and professional knowledge between Egypt and China regarding the COVID-19 pandemic. (在他的文章中，萨吉尔专注于不同的角度。埃及和中国之间日益加强的合作，例如最近在卡纳克神庙建筑群的蒙图神庙上进行的第一次埃及-中国联合考古任务，以及埃及和中国之间就COVID-19大流行交流医疗援助和专业知识。)”可知，Saghir的作品涉及考古学、医学等不同领域。故选C项。
D
Spiders are pretty remarkable. They live almost everywhere, from rainforests to deserts. Some even spend most of their lives underwater. They are smarter than you think, with some able to make plans and count. Scientists think they might even dream when they sleep. Yet many people find these eight-legged animals scary. Now, it seems, fake news maybe mostly to blame.
Media reports about people’s encounters with spiders tend to be full of falsehoods, a new study finds. “The vast majority of the spider content out there is about their being scary and hurting people, ”says arachnologist Catherine Scott. In reality, researchers note, “Spiders almost never bite people.” In fact, many spiders protect us by eating insects, such as mosquitoes, which spread disease. Even spiders that could pose a threat rarely bite people, Scott says.
For the new study, Scott and their colleagues analyzed more than 5,000 online newspaper stories about humans and spiders. Each had been published between 2010 and 2020. They came from 81 countries and were written in 40 languages. The researchers didn’t just find errors in the stories. More than four in ten, articles had overblown the spiders’ behaviors and often used sensational words like killers and nightmares to describe them.
If people knew the truth about spiders, they would spend less time blaming them for bites caused by other animals, Scott argues. People might also be less likely to kill spiders with pesticides that are poisonous to other species including humans. Clearing spiders’ name would be good for them, too. Say, for instance, the ones in your house that don’t get squashed (压扁) out of fear.
Improving spiders’ public image could even boost conservation efforts in general. “Spiders are kind of unique in that they seem to be really good at grabbing people’s attention,” says Lisa Taylor, an arachnologist who was not involved in the study. “If that attention is paired with real information about how fascinating they are, then I think spiders are well-suited to serve as tiny ambassadors for wildlife in general.”
12. What probably contributes to spiders’ ill names?
A. Scientific studies. B. Untrue stories.
C. Their errors. D. Their ugly looks.
13. What can we learn about spiders from Paragraph 2?
A. Spiders are smarter than you. B. Spiders never bite people.
C. Most spiders spread disease. D. Spiders protect people in a way.
14. What can we infer from Lisa Taylor’s words?
A. Spiders are not good at disguising themselves.
B. Spiders would be better protected if treated rightly.
C. Public attention is consistent with real information.
D. Improvement in spiders’ public image makes no sense.
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. Spiders Unfairly Negative B. Spiders’ Public Image
C. Well-suited Ambassadors D. Spiders Actually Scary
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述很多人觉得蜘蛛可怕，关于蜘蛛的假新闻往往充满了谎言，事实上蜘蛛很了不起，在某种程度上会保护人类，改善蜘蛛的公众形象能促进整体的保护工作。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Yet many people find these eight-legged animals scary. Now, it seems, fake news maybe mostly to blame. (然而，许多人觉得这些八条腿的动物很可怕。现在看来，假新闻可能是罪魁祸首)”可知，不真实的报道是人们感觉蜘蛛可怕的原因，故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“In fact, many spiders protect us by eating insects, such as mosquitoes, which spread disease. (事实上，许多蜘蛛通过吃昆虫来保护我们，比如传播疾病的蚊子)”可知，蜘蛛在某种程度上保护人类，故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中Lisa Taylor说的话“If that attention is paired with real information about how fascinating they are, then I think spiders are well-suited to serve as tiny ambassadors for wildlife in general. (如果这种关注与关于它们有多迷人的真实信息相辅相成，那么我认为蜘蛛总体上非常适合担任野生动物的微型大使)”可知，如果公众能关注到蜘蛛的真实信息，蜘蛛会得到更好的保护。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Spiders are pretty remarkable. (蜘蛛是非常了不起的)”及最后一段中“Improving spiders’ public image could even boost conservation efforts in general. (改善蜘蛛的公众形象甚至可以促进整体的保护工作)”可知，文章主要讲述很多人觉得蜘蛛可怕，关于蜘蛛的假新闻往往充满了谎言，事实上蜘蛛很了不起，在某种程度上会保护人类，改善蜘蛛的公众形象能促进整体的保护工作，故A项“蜘蛛不公平的负面形象”适合作为文章标题，B项“蜘蛛的公众形象”没有突出本文强调的负面形象，故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12..5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Minimalism is characterized by extreme simplicity. The essence of it is learning to live with fewer material possessions while still being content land at peace with oneself. Its advantages have been recognized by a wide range of people.____16____Here are a few steps you may take to get going.
Set your minimalist goals.____17____What are your goals? What exactly are you seeking — a cleaner home, mental clarity, or something else? Writing down your ideas and emotions will help you come up with a set of motivations. Even better, make a vision board to describe the result you seek. If you get off track, they can help you get back on track.
____18____If is a crucial step to tidy up your area. Take away anything that is broken, useless, or no longer makes you happy. Get rid of the most obvious clutter. Next, make certain that everything you possess, has a home for. As a result, everything seems neater and you can further reduce your belongings.
Work, room by room. Breaking down the de-cluttering process into small steps is a smart idea.____19____This may be the messiest or the room you spend the most time in the house. Go through everything you have in this area slowly, which will serve as a source of inspiration for the rest of your home once you’ve finished the first room.
Final reflections. Keep in mind, simplicity requires patience and effort. Minimalism had to be born, not out of a short-lived idea or longing for a new lifestyle, but from a sincere desire and strong need to rethink our lives.____20____
A. Remove your belongings.
B. Clean up your own space.
C. Decide why you choose to go on minimalism.
D. Choose the space that gives you the greatest trouble.
E. However, it can be difficult to start living a simple life.
F. Anyway, we must develop our own brand of minimalism.
G. The basic goal is to live a life that is peaceful and stress free.
【答案】16. E 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是极简主义以及进行极简主义的步骤。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Minimalism is characterized by extreme simplicity. The essence of it is learning to live with fewer material possessions while still being content land at peace with oneself. Its advantages have been recognized by a wide range of people.(极简主义的特点是极端简单。它的本质是学会用更少的物质财富生活，同时保持自我的满足和平静。它的优点已经被人们广泛认可)”以及后文“Here are a few steps you may take to get going.(这里有一些你可以采取的步骤)”可知，上文介绍了极简主义的好处，后文则提到了建议，推测本句与上文构成转折，指出存在的困难。故E选项“然而，开始过简单的生活可能很难”符合语境，故选E。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Set your minimalist goals.(设定你的极简主义目标)”以及后文“What are your goals? What exactly are you seeking — a cleaner home, mental clarity, or something else? Writing down your ideas and emotions will help you come up with a set of motivations. Even better, make a vision board to describe the result you seek. If you get off track, they can help you get back on track.(你的目标是什么？你到底在寻找什么——一个更干净的家，头脑清醒，还是别的什么？写下你的想法和情绪会帮助你想出一系列的动机。更好的是，做一个愿景板来描述你想要的结果。如果你偏离了轨道，他们可以帮助你回到正轨)”可知，后文提到了写下动机，即确定选择极简主义的原因，故C选项“确定你为什么选择极简主义”符合语境，故选C。
【18题详解】
根据后文“If is a crucial step to tidy up your area. Take away anything that is broken, useless, or no longer makes you happy. Get rid of the most obvious clutter. Next, make certain that everything you possess has a home for. As a result, everything seems neater and you can further reduce your belongings.(这是清理你所在区域的关键步骤。带走所有破碎的，无用的，或者不再让你快乐的东西。去掉最明显的杂乱。其次，确保你拥有的每件东西都有一个固定的地方。因此，一切看起来更整洁，你可以进一步减少你的财产)”可知，本句是在说明“清理你所在区域的关键步骤”，且后文提到了整理无用破碎的东西，推测是建议清理空间。故B选项“清理自己的空间”符合语境，故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Work, room by room. Breaking down the de-cluttering process into small steps is a smart idea.(工作，一个房间接一个房间。将整理过程分解成小步骤是一个聪明的主意)”以及后文“This may be the messiest or the room you spend the most time in the house. Go through everything you have in this area slowly, which will serve as a source of inspiration for the rest of your home once you’ve finished the first room.(这可能是最乱的房间，或者是你在房子里待的时间最长的房间。慢慢地浏览你在这个区域的所有东西，一旦你完成了第一个房间，这将成为你家里其他地方的灵感来源)”可知，上文提到把整理分解成小步骤，后文则说“可能是最乱的房间，或者是你在房子里待的时间最长的房间”，可知本句是在说明整理的第一步是清理最麻烦的地方。故D选项“选择给你带来最大麻烦的空间”符合语境，故选D。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Final reflections. Keep in mind, simplicity requires patience and effort. Minimalism had to be born, not out of a short-lived idea or longing for a new lifestyle, but from a sincere desire and strong need to rethink our lives.(最后的反思。记住，简单需要耐心和努力。极简主义必须诞生，不是出于一种短暂的想法或对新生活方式的渴望，而是出于一种真诚的愿望和对重新思考我们生活的强烈需求)”可知，上文是在阐释极简主义的意义，本句为本段最后一句，应对极简主义进行一个基本总结，故G选项“基本目标是过一种平静的、没有压力的生活”符合语境，故选G。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Last spring, Ada stopped at a traffic light, where a man was sitting with a sign reading “HELP!”
She____21____down her window and shouted, “I’m driving around giving____22____haircuts. If I go grab my chair, do you want one?”
“I have a wedding to go to this week. I was____23____hoping to get a haircut,” said the man. Hearing this, Ada pulled out a(n)____24____chair from her car and____25____ the man cut his hair immediately.
Until last year, Ada had given such haircuts to people____26____on the margins(边缘)around the city. She was clearly ____27____of the power of her cleanup job. “It’s ____28____a hair-cut,” she said. “I want it to show value and respect, but also to get to know ____29____. I want to build relationships.” Ada knew that a haircut could change a ______30______. One changed hers: As a teen, she______31______a severe disease, and her hair thinned dramatically.______32______this, her mother arranged for her first professional haircut. Ada sat down and had somebody look at her and talk to her like a person and not just an illness, which helped her feel ______33______about and less alone. After that, Ada dreamed of her own salon so she could help people feel the way she’d felt that day. In 2009, she began a project called Red Chair,______34______to people on the streets.
It all began with a belief in simple acts of ______35______, such as a free haircut.
21. A. pulled B. rolled C. took D. cast
22. A. free B. loose C. routine D. special
23. A. luckily B. frequently C. repeatedly D. actually
24. A. awesome B. red C. arched D. heavy
25. A. made B. let C. helped D. had
26. A. living B. working C. travelling D. studying
27. A. careful B. aware C. tired D. shamed
28. A. other than B. less than C. more than D. rather than
29. A. people B. members C. clients D. teenagers
30 A. habit B. person C. technique D. life
31. A. figured out B. suffered from C. learned from D. found out
32. A. Seeing B. Hearing C. Predicting D. Recalling
33. A. worried B. talked C. cared D. thought
34. A. giving in B. looking forward C. reaching out D. coming up
35. A. courage B. intelligence C. justice D. kindness
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了艾达通过给陌生人免费理发传递善行的事迹。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她摇下车窗喊道：“我开车到处免费理发。如果我去拿我的椅子，你想要一把吗？（即坐在椅子上理发）”A. pulled拉；B. rolled滚动；旋转；C. took带走；D. cast掷。根据“her window”可知，艾达摇下车窗喊那位男人免费理发。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她摇下车窗喊道：“我开车到处免费理发。如果我去拿我的椅子，你想要一把吗？（即坐在椅子上理发）”A. free免费的；B. loose宽松的；C. routine常规的；D. special特别的。根据“It all began with a belief in simple acts of _____15_____, such as a free haircut.”可知，艾达开车到处免费给别人理发。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我实际上是希望去理发。A. luckily幸运地；B. frequently经常地；C. repeatedly重复地；D. actually实际上。根据“I have a wedding to go to this week.”可知，男人要参加婚礼，实际上希望去理发。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：听了这话，艾达从车里拉出一把红椅子，马上帮那个男人剪了头发。A. awesome让人惊叹的；B. red红色的；C. arched拱形的；D. heavy重的。根据“In 2009, she began a project called Red Chair, _____14_____to people on the streets.”可知，艾达从车里拉出一把椅子是红色的。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：听了这话，艾达从车里拉出一把红椅子，马上帮那个男人剪了头发。A. made制作；B. let让；C. helped帮助；D. had有。根据“I’m driving around giving____2____haircuts.”可知，艾达帮助那个男人剪头发。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到去年，艾达还在为生活在城市边缘的人们理发。A. living生活；B. working工作；C. travelling旅行；D. studying学习。根据“on the margins(边缘)around the city.”可知，艾达免费为生活在城市边缘的人们理发。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她清楚地意识到她的清洁工作的力量。A. careful仔细的；B. aware知道的；意识到的；C. tired疲劳的；D. shamed害羞的。be aware of知道，意识到。根据“the power of her cleanup job.”可知，艾达清楚地意识到自己清洁工作的力量，be aware of固定搭配，意为“意识到”。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查短语词义辨析。句意：“这不仅仅是理发，”她说。A. other than除了；B. less than少于；C. more than不仅仅；D. rather than而不是。根据“I want it to show value and respect, but also to get to know ____9____. I want to build relationships.”可知，艾达认为这不仅仅是理发，这还展示出了尊重和价值。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望它能体现价值和尊重，但也能让我了解别人。 A. people人们；B. members成员；C. clients客户；D. teenagers青少年。根据“I want it to show value and respect,”可知，艾达通过免费给别人理发来了解别人。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：艾达知道理发可以改变一个人的一生。A. habit习惯；B. person人；C. technique技术；D. life生活。根据“One changed hers: As a teen, she_____11_____a severe disease, and her hair thinned dramatically.”可知，艾达从自身的经历知道理发可以改变一个人的一生。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：一件事改变了她的生活：在她十几岁的时候，她患上了一种严重的疾病，头发急剧减少。A. figured out算出；B. suffered from遭受；患……病；C. learned from向……学习；D. found out发现。根据“a severe disease, and her hair thinned dramatically.”可知，艾达患上了一种严重的疾病。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到这一切，她的母亲为她安排了第一次专业理发。A. Seeing看到；B. Hearing听到；C. Predicting预测；D. Recalling回忆。根据“her mother arranged for her first professional haircut.”可知，艾达的母亲看到艾达的情况后，为她安排了第一次专业理发。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：艾达坐下来，让人看着她，像一个人一样和她说话，而不仅仅是一种疾病，这让她感到被关心，不那么孤独。A. worried担心；B. talked交谈；C. cared关心；D. thought思考。根据“and less alone.”可知，通过理发，让艾达感到被关心。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：2009年，她开始了一个名为“红椅子”的项目，向街上的人们伸出援手。 A. giving in屈服；B. looking forward期待；C. reaching out伸出；D. coming up上升。根据“In 2009, she began a project called Red Chair,”可知，艾达通过“红椅子”项目向街上的人们伸出援手，reach out to sb.固定搭配，意为“向某人伸出援手”。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一切都始于对简单善举的信仰，比如免费理发。A. courage勇气；B. intelligence智力；C. justice公正；D. kindness仁慈。根据“such as a free haircut.”可知，免费理发是一种善举。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
With choking victims,every minute counts. You cannot justify standing by, doing nothing because they usually have only about four minutes____36____they collapse and sometimes die. There’s no time for an ambulance ____37____(arrive) .To solve this problem, an American doctor, Henry Heimlich, created the Heimlich manoeuvre in 1974,____38____is quick, practical, and easy to perform.
If you see someone choking, call the____39____(emergent) services immediately. Then, make sure that the victim cannot, speak. If slapping the choking person’s back does not work, you can perform the Heimlich manoeuvre by standing behind him with your arms ____40____(wrap) around his waist. Make ____41____fist with one hand and place it in the upper part of his stomach. Grab your fist with your other hand ____42____(firm), pushing up and into his stomach in one motion. Continue doing this until the obstruction____43____(force) out. However, doing the Heimlich manoeuvre on a small child is not recommended, as you may hurt him. Instead, lay the child face down on your lap____44____the head lower than the rest of his body, and then give firm _____45_____(slap) to his upper back until he can breathe again.
【答案】36. before
37. to arrive
38. which 39. emergency
40. wrapped
41. a 42. firmly
43. is forced
44. with 45. slaps
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海姆利克急救法，该方法适用于窒息的受害者，文章还介绍了其具体实施方法。
【36题详解】
考查连词。句意：你不能袖手旁观，什么都不做，因为他们通常只有四分钟就会倒下，有时甚至会死亡。这里为时间状语从句，空前“they usually have only about four minutes”以及空后“they collapse and sometimes die.”之间存在先后关系，表示“在倒下或死亡之前”，用before。故填before。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：救护车来不及来了。这里为非谓语动词担当后置定语，用动词不定式。故填to arrive。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：为了解决这个问题，美国医生亨利·海姆利克在1974年发明了海姆利克急救法，这种方法快速、实用、容易操作。考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为“the Heimlich manoeuvre”，在定语从句中担当主语，用which。故填which。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：如果你看到有人窒息，立即拨打急救电话。考查短语“emergency services”意为“紧急服务机构”。故填emergency。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：如果拍打窒息者的背部不起作用，你可以站在他身后，用你的手臂环抱他的腰来执行海姆立克急救法。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语补足语，宾语“your arms”和动词“wrap”之间存在被动关系，用过去分词。故填wrapped。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：用一只手握拳，放在他胃的上半部分。根据下文的“your other hand”可知，空处为不定冠词，意为“一只”。故填a。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：用另一只手紧紧抓住你的拳头，把他的胃推上去。修饰动词用副词形式，故填firmly。
【43题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：继续这样做，直到阻塞物被清除。考查本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“the obstruction”，单数，和动词force之间为被动关系。故填is forced。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：然而，不建议对小孩做海姆利克氏操作法，因为你可能会伤害到他。相反，让孩子脸朝下躺在你的膝盖上，头部低于他身体的其他部位，然后用力拍打他的上背部，直到他能再次呼吸。根据句意可知，“让孩子脸朝下躺在你的膝盖上”与此同时，“让头部低于身体其他部位”，这是伴随状语，用with。故填with。
【45题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：然而，不建议对小孩做海姆利克氏操作法，因为你可能会伤害到他。相反，让孩子脸朝下躺在你的膝盖上，头部低于他身体的其他部位，然后用力拍打他的上背部，直到他能再次呼吸。根据句意可知，空处为名词的复数形式，意为“多次拍打直到孩子能再次呼吸”。故填slaps。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你最近摒弃了熬夜的坏习惯。请你给英文杂志Healthy Life的编辑发邮件投稿，谈谈自己的经历，内容包括：
1.熬夜的影响；
2.采取的行动；
3.取得的效果。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Editor,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Editor,
I’m writing to share my experience of getting rid of my bad habit of staying up late.
Previously, having great difficulty in finishing piles of homework, I chose to stay up late.
As a result, I often felt sleepy in class and lacked passion the whole day. I became aware that there was an urgent need for me to quit such a bad habit. Therefore, I decided to reschedule my time and improve my learning efficiency for enough rest, which would surely help me a lot.
To my joy, I am now making progress in my study. And I do feel more energetic than ever. Hopefully, my experience can benefit more people.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于英文中的应用文写作。要求考生给英文杂志Healthy Life的编辑发邮件投稿，谈谈自己如何摒弃熬夜的坏习惯，并谈谈熬夜的影响和取得的效果。
【详解】1.词汇积累
改掉：get rid of→ give up/quit
做某事有困难：have difficulty in doing sth. → have trouble/problem in doing sth.
因此：as a result → as a consequence
决定：decide→ determine
提高：improve→ enhance
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Previously, having great difficulty in finishing piles of homework, I chose to stay up late.
拓展句：Previously, since I had had great difficulty in finishing piles of homework, I chose to stay up late.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I became aware that there was an urgent need for me to quit such a bad habit.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】Therefore, I decided to reschedule my time and improve my learning efficiency for enough rest, which would surely help me a lot.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节(满分25.分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My stomach dropped as Mrs. Nelson said, “This is just a reminder that tomorrow is the Open Day!”
I hoped Mom to be free tomorrow so Dad would not have to come. What would people think of him? I put all negative thoughts aside with the determination that Mom would be able to come, and that was the end of it!
When arriving home, I walked in the kitchen and smelled fresh bread. It was one of Mom’s baking days! She greeted with her usual warmth, asking. “Well, hello there! How was your day?” “Nothing special. It was just another day,” I replied casually. Hearing this, her face showed her disappointment, but then here yes kept probing(探查) mine trying to read if I was being honest. It worked. She saw there was something on my mind. “Heidi, are you sure you have no news for me?” she continued.
I explained that tomorrow was the Open Day. And Dad was walking in the backdoor just in time to hear the news. I quickly asked Mom, “You are free, aren’t you?”
“Sorry dear, Ⅰ have made lots of arrangements for tomorrow. Maybe Dad will be willing to go.”
“Do you want me to come with you, Heidi?” Dad asked with a smile, “I would really love that!”
“Sure, Dad. That would be cool,” I said. But Dad really did not notice my lack of enthusiasm as his face brightened and he started talking about how much fun it was going to be.
I loved Dad’s optimism and enthusiasm. He had made life so exciting and adventurous for the family and I adored him for it. But would people see him the way I saw him? His thin body with practically bald(秃的) head was not exactly what my friends would consider a “cool dad”. Dad was also much older than most of my fiends’ parents. Their dads would be professional businessmen, doctors, dentists, or engineers. Dad was a draftsman(绘图员)and he worked in an office at home.
注意：
1.续写词数应150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Well, whether I liked it or not, the next morning came.
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When we arrived,we walked into my class.
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【答案】Well, whether I liked it or not, the next morning came. I was feeling a bit worried but Dad seemed to have been well prepared. As I went out of my bedroom, he stood up, smiling from ear to ear. Obviously, my half smile didn't quite compare with his. On the way to school, in the car, Dad asked so many questions that I felt as if he were really questioning me. I knew he was doing his best to get a brief idea about my school life that he was about to see, though.
When we arrived, we walked into my class. Dad stood out visually, which was not quite beyond my expectation. As soon as he entered, he was making friends with children and parents. Then, he shared his stories. I looked around, checking my friends' expressions and reactions To my surprise, all of my classmates looked at Dad with such admiration. They told me the crazy stories in Dad's childhood were so cool. Not until then did I realize the things that would have embarrassed me most were indeed the same things that made me proud most!
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者一次学校开放日的故事，作者害怕自己的爸爸不受欢迎，所以希望妈妈参加开放日活动，可是事与愿违，妈妈并没有空，还是爸爸参加了开放日。所幸结果比作者预想的好太多。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“不管我喜不喜欢，第二天早上来了。”以及第二段首句内容“当我们到达时，我们走进我教室。”可知，第一段可描写作者和爸爸在前往学校途中的表现和心理感受。
②由第二段首句内容“当我们到达时，我们走进我的教室。”可知，第二段可描写作者的爸爸在进入教室后的表现。
2.续写线索：开放日活动——希望妈妈参加——爸爸参加——忐忑——受到欢迎
3.词汇激活
行为类
①尽全力：try one’s best to do/make every effort to do
②正要做某事：be about to do/be on the point of doing
③检查：check/examine
情绪类
①担忧的：worried/concerned
②钦佩地：with admiration/admiringly
【点睛】【高分句型1】As I went out of my bedroom, he stood up, smiling from ear to ear.（运用了as引导的状语从句）
【高分句型2】On the way to school, in the car, Dad asked so many questions that I felt as if he were really questioning me.（运用了so…that…引导的结果状语从句和as if引导的表语从句）