福建省泉州市2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期末试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份福建省泉州市2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期末试题（Word版附解析），共24页。试卷主要包含了15， Wh is the man?等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年度上学期泉州市高中教学质量监测
高二英语
(试卷满分：150分，考试时间：120分钟)
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生须在试题卷、答题卡规定的位置填写自己的准考证号、姓名。考生应认真核对答题卡上粘贴的条形码的“准考证号、姓名”与考生本人准考证号、姓名是否一致。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束，考生须将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
笞案是C。
1. What does the man plan to watch?
A. A ballet. B. A comedy. C. A football game.
2. How much did Jcssica pay for the scarves in total?
A. $10. B. $20. C. $30.
3. Which bus will the woman take?
A. T-3. B.Z-4. C. T-6.
4. What are the speakers talking about?
A. Opening a bank account.
B. Changing money.
C. Going shopping.
5. What did Sam initially plan to do tomorrow?
A. Write a report. B. Attend a conference. C. Enjoy his weekend.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Who is the man?
A. David’s parent. B. David’s teacher C. David’s classmate.
7. What does the man say about David?
A. He is very good at math.
B. He is always proud of himself.
C. He doesn’t do well in many subjects.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where did Tom work last summer?
A. Ina camp. B. In a hotel. C. In a company.
9. What does Tina say about cutting grass?
A. The pay isn’t good enough.
B. Her friend got lots of tips.
C. She did it in high school.
10. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Close friends. B. Teacher and student C. Brother and sister.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Who does Gary advise to discuss the proposal with?
A. Finance manager.
B. HR department manager.
C. Head of the company.
12. Where does Kelly want to put the advertising?
A. On the television. B. In the papers. C. On the Internet.
13. What will Gary do?
A. Cut down on the advertising expenses.
B. Improve the quality of products.
C. Make an appointment with Kelly.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. How is the weather tomorrow morning?
A. Sunny. B. Snowy. C. Rainy.
15. What can we know about the woman’s class?
A. It will be canceled. B. It will be put off. C. It will be full of fun.
16. What will the man probably do tomorrow?
A. Drive to Birmingham. B. Meet the woman. C. Stay at his home.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What problem is the city experiencing?
A. A cold winter. B. An energy crisis. C. A labor shortage.
18. What is the suggested highest temperature in the company’s offices during winter?
A. 18℃. B. 19℃. C. 20℃.
19. When will the offices be cleaned?
A. During working hours.
B. In the early moming.
C. At night.
20. Who is the speaker probably speaking to?
A. Cleaners. B. Managers. C. Employees.
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Are you looking to enter the media industry but not necessarily as an actor? There are various positions in the media—some known and some not so well-known.
Video game developer
If you have a love for computer games, you may wish to consider being a video game developer. You will need to be qualified in computer programming languages. When you get promoted to a lead developer and programmer, you will write more complicated codes and manage other programmers.
Sound engineering technician
Are you currently in the audio-visual club? How about being a sound engineering technician? As a sound engineering technician you operate machines and equipment to record, mix, or reproduce music, voices, and other sound effects. While you would be usually working indoors, you may also need to be outdoors.
Playwright
If you would like to set free the Shakespeare in you, how about a career as a playwright? You will need a formal qualification in playwriting or screenwriting and also understand the creative and technical aspects of theatre such as acting, directing, drama history and literary criticism, lighting, scenery and even costume design.
Film editor
As a film editor, you have to edit raw footages (镜头) in order to capture the on-screen personalities and tell a story. You will work with directors, producers and other film staff to ensure that production goals are achieved. With the use of computer software and digital equipment, you are expected to produce a high-quality finished product.
1. Who should be qualified with computer programming languages?
A. A video game developer.
B. A playwright.
C. A sound engineering technician.
D. A film editor.
2. What does the job of playwright need?
A. Techniques of video editing.
B. Skills of sound editing.
C. A knowledge of theatre.
D. A qualification in directing.
3. What is the purpose of the text?
A. To advertise. B. To inform.
C. To entertain. D. To clarify.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇应用文。文章介绍了几个除演员以外的媒体行业的几个职位及工作内容和相关要求。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“You will need to be qualified in computer programming languages. ”（你需要具备计算机编程语言的资格。）可知，想成为一名电子游戏开发者需要具备计算机编程语言的资格。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“You will need a formal qualification in playwriting or screenwriting and also understand the creative and technical aspects of theatre such as acting, directing, drama history and literary criticism, lighting, scenery and even costume design.”（你需要剧本写作或荧屏写作的正式资格，还需要了解戏剧的创意和技术方面，如表演、导演、戏剧史和文学批评、灯光、布景甚至服装设计。）可知，要成为一名剧作家需要有戏剧方面的知识。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“There are various positions in the media—some known and some not so well-known.”（媒体上有各种各样的职位——有些为人所知，有些不太为人所知。）并结合全文可知，本文的主要目的是广告宣传一些媒体行业的工作职位。故选A。
B
In the three decades since Darah Lady’s grandmother first arrived in this distant area of northern Brazil, clearing the forest by hand to build a house for her 14 children, the family has pushed deeper and deeper into the Amazon. It has been driven by a saying that good fortune comes when nature gives in to human control.
Yet their growing community there could ruin not only their children’s future but also that of the entire planet. More global pandemics (流行病) are on the way, scientists say, and the next one is likely to crop up from a community like Darah Lady’s, where people are taking up more and more space of the natural world and erasing the buffer zone (缓冲区) between themselves and habitats that existed long. As people cut down forest, they not only speed up the global warming but also greatly increase their risk of exposure to disease.
Scientists also say disease hot zones are expanding from Africa to South America, and that deforestation has already led to a rise in spreading disease. Zoologists have found that a third of all known disease outbreaks around the world were due to rapid land use change.
Darah Lady’s community of Maruaga is filled with risks for the spread of viruses (病毒). Their family has already battled zoonotic illnesses — the term used to describe diseases spread between animalsand humans.
When 40% of a land area has been destroyed, according to Tom Gillespie, a university researcher, the region hits a sort of tipping point: Wild animals are pushed closer to humans for food, and viruses begin to spread.
Darah Lady seemed to notice the slight dfference of deforestation. “I get kind of sad,” Darah Lady said, “Because the forest is something I’ve loved since I was litle. And they are deforesting, right? It’s destroying nature.”
4. What do you know about Darah Lady?
A. She built a house for her 14 children.
B. She made a big fortune in Amazon.
C. Her family cut down trees for growing crops.
D. Her family lived in Amazon for decades.
5. What led to the spread of zoonotic illnesses?
A. The loss of the buffer zone.
B. The effect of global warming.
C. The lack of species variety.
D. The expansion of wildlife habitats.
6. What is paragraph 5 mainly about?
A. A possible treatment for diseases.
B. A real example of the prevention of diseases.
C. A further explanation of the spread of diseases.
D. A supporting evidence for the danger of diseases.
7. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Entertainment. B. Design.
C. Education. D. Environment.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类对森林砍伐导致人类与动物栖息地之间的缓冲区的丧失，进而造成人畜共患疾病的传播。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“In the three decades since Darah Lady’s grandmother first arrived in this distant area of northern Brazil, clearing the forest by hand to build a house for her 14 children, the family has pushed deeper and deeper into the Amazon.(自从达拉·莱蒂的祖母第一次来到巴西北部这片遥远的地区，用手工清理森林，为她的14个孩子盖了一所房子，30年来，这家人已经越来越深入亚马逊)”可知，达拉·莱蒂一家已经在亚马逊生活了几十年。故选D项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“More global pandemics (流行病) are on the way, scientists say, and the next one is likely to crop up from a community like Darah Lady’s, where people are taking up more and more space of the natural world and erasing the buffer zone (缓冲区) between themselves and habitats that existed long. (科学家们说，更多的全球性流行病正在发生，下一个可能会发生在像达拉·莱蒂这样的社区，那里的人们正在占用越来越多的自然世界空间，并抹去他们自己和长期存在的动物栖息地之间的缓冲区)”和第五段中“When 40% of a land area has been destroyed, according to Tom Gillespie, a university researcher, the region hits a sort of tipping point: Wild animals are pushed closer to humans for food, and viruses begin to spread.(根据大学研究员汤姆·吉莱斯皮的说法，当40%的土地面积被破坏时，该地区就达到了某种临界点：野生动物被推到离人类更近的地方觅食，病毒开始传播)”可推知，人类与动物栖息地之间的缓冲区的丧失是导致了人畜共患疾病传播的原因。故选A项。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。结合第四段最后一句“Zoologists have found that a third of all known disease outbreaks around the world were due to rapid land use change.(动物学家发现，在全球已知的疾病爆发中，有三分之一是由于土地使用的快速变化引起)”和第五段“When 40% of a land area has been destroyed, according to Tom Gillespie, a university researcher, the region hits a sort of tipping point: Wild animals are pushed closer to humans for food, and viruses begin to spread.(根据大学研究员汤姆·吉莱斯皮的说法，当40%的土地面积被破坏时，该地区就达到了某种临界点：野生动物被推到离人类更近的地方觅食，病毒开始传播)”可知，第五段主要是对上文提出的疾病传播原因的进一步解释。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章通过达拉·莱蒂一家对亚马逊的开垦引入，说明人类对森林砍伐导致人类与动物栖息地之间的缓冲区的丧失，进而造成人畜共患疾病的传播。本文内容与环境有关，所以可能出自报纸中环境专栏。故选D项。
C
Aerospace engineers are working on air vehicles-that will be used to drop packages on your doorsteps, transport people and goods over shorter distances and could even give people the ability to call air taxis-to fundamentally change how we see the sky.
What helps the engineers get ready for the change? Batteries keep getting smaller. Materials to build the air vehicles are lighter than ever, Software is more sophisticated. A modern cockpit(驾驶舱)from 20 years ago can’t do half as much as the phone in your pocket. These modernizations have enabled a greater focus on electric technology in flying over the past 15 years. It’s changed the way they fly.
Maybe soon you will be walking down the street to a vertiport, where you’ll catch an air taxi. We’re likely to see one with a pilot, carrying boxes from one place to another. Then it will start flying with passengers and become pilotless. As the new plane becomes more common, the result could be something as simple as cutting down travel time within urban and suburban areas, making it slightly easier to get to the airport or from the suburbs to downtown. But the planes could also help get rid of “transportation deserts,” making it easier for a doctor to reach a patient in a rural area who has limited access to a hospital.
However, there are still a lot of outstanding questions. There are safety measures and requirements that need to be developed. There is pilot training and workforce development. There’s the cost. There’s figuring out who would use this type of transportation. There are still more advances in technology that need to happen if you want them to go farther than 150 miles and to be unmanned. But, according to Hackenberg of NASA, “About the future, it’s not an if; it’s a when.”
8. What does the underlined word “sophisticated” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Fashionable. B. Advanced. C. Conventional. D. Flexible.
9. Why is “transportation deserts’” mentioned in paragraph 3?
A. To present a fact. B. To explain a principle.
C. To highlight an advantage. D. To make a prediction.
10. What does Hackenberg think of the practice?
A. Promising. B. Challenging. C. Simple. D. Creative.
11. What is the best title for the text?
A. Air Taxis: Say “No” to Traffic Jam
B. Air Taxis: Private Flight for Business
C. Ready for Air Taxis?
D. How do Air Taxis Work?
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究者们正在研究的空中飞行器将进入我们的生活，并给我们带来很多便利。即使目前仍有一些问题需要解决，其未来是充满希望的。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“Batteries keep getting smaller. Materials to build the air vehicles are lighter than ever(电池越来越小。制造飞行器的材料比以往任何时候都轻)”和下文“These modernizations have enabled a greater focus on electric technology in flying over the past 15 years. (在过去的15年里，这些现代化使人们更加重视飞行中的电子技术。)”可知，现代化让电池越来越小，材料越来越轻，software（软件）也变得更先进，故划线词与advanced意思相近。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“As the new plane becomes more common, the result could be something as simple as cutting down travel time within urban and suburban areas, making it slightly easier to get to the airport or from the suburbs to downtown. But the planes could also help get rid of “transportation deserts,” making it easier for a doctor to reach a patient in a rural area who has limited access to a hospital.(随着新型飞机变得越来越普遍，其结果可能会很简单，比如减少市区和郊区的旅行时间，让去机场或从郊区到市中心变得更容易一些。但这些飞机也可以帮助消除“交通沙漠”，使医生更容易接触到农村地区就医受限的病人。)”可知，前文提到了新型费劲带来的便利，因此推断提到“transportation deserts”的消除是为了强调空中出租车的优势——带来便利。故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“But, according to Hackenberg of NASA, “About the future, it’s not an if; it’s a when.”(但是，根据美国宇航局Hackenberg，“关于未来，这不是一个是否的问题；这是一个时间的问题。”)”因此，Hackenberg认为空中飞行器的实践是充满希望的、有前途的，只是时间问题。故选A项。
11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Aerospace engineers are working on air vehicles-that will be used to drop packages on your doorsteps, transport people and goods over shorter distances and could even give people the ability to call air taxis-to fundamentally change how we see the sky.(航空航天工程师正在研究一种飞行器，它将被用来把包裹扔到你的门口，在更短的距离内运送人和货物，甚至可以让人们有能力叫空中出租车，从而从根本上改变我们看待天空的方式。)”和第三段第一句“Maybe soon you will be walking down the street to a vertiport, where you’ll catch an air taxi. (也许很快你就可以沿着街道走到一个垂直起降点，在那里你可以坐上一辆空中出租车。)”可知，本文主要介绍了研究者们正在研究的空中飞行器将进入我们的生活，并给我们带来很多便利。C项“Ready for Air Taxis?( 准备好坐飞空中出租车了吗?)”可以概括全文，且吸引眼球，适合作本文标题。故选C项。
D
Stop those negative thoughts! When it comes to brain power, it appears your thoughts matter. That was the eye-opening conclusion of a study published in the journal Alzheimer’s and Dementia.
For this study, scientists carefully measured the cognitive(认知)function of 292 middle-aged to older people over a four-year period. The cognitive assessments included measures of memory, attention and language.
The study subjects(实验对象)had their thinking patterns regularly monitored by responding to a series of questions over two of the four years. The thought-pattem questionnaires were designed to identify repetitive negative thinking (RNT for short). RNT includes often thinking about negative past events as well as future sources of anxiety.
About a third of the study subjects had PET scans(正电子发射计算机断层扫描)of their brains tomeasure levels of the abnormal brain protcins, tau and amyloid. Tau and amyloid build up in people affected with Alzheimer’s disease.
The findings? Study subjects with greater RNT-these repetitive negative thought patterns-exhibited a clear decrease in cognitive function and memory over the four-year period. What’s more they had more tau and amyloid built up in their brains. It is well-documented that our thoughts have powerful, direct effects on our bodies, so these results aren’t surprising.
Thankfully, studies show that we can change our thought patterns through mental-training practices, with meditation(冥想)documented to be one of the very best.
As someone who often got trapped in negative memories of the remote past, I can speak personally to the remarkable power of meditation to relieve this destructive thinking pattern, and I encourage everyone to explore this practice. I meditate every day and gratefully achieve that goal about 90% of the time.
Feel free to share this post with friends and loved ones because one of the greatest gifts we can give is the gift of better health. Enjoy!
12. How is the subjects’ RNT determined?
A. By measuring their blood level.
B. By analyzing their questionnaires.
C. By monitoring their behaviors.
D. By examining their signs of diseases.
13. What would be the influence of RNT?
A. Forgetting the negative past.
B. Changeable thinking patterns.
C. Worse body shape.
D. Poorer brain function.
14. What is a recommended solution to RNT?
A. Having brain scanned regularly.
B. Buiding up our strength.
C. Changing our study pattern.
D. Practicing mental training.
15. What is the author’s attitude towards meditation?
A. Favorable. B. Doubtful. C. Reserved. D. Unclear.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于阿尔茨海默氏症和痴呆的一个新研究发现即消极的情绪和痛苦的情绪会导致认知功能和记忆明显下降。缓解的方法是通过心里训练——冥想，改善和提升状况。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The study subjects(实验对象)had their thinking patterns regularly monitored by responding to a series of questions over two of the four years. (在四年中的两年里，研究对象通过回答一系列问题来定期监测他们的思维模式。)”以及“The thought-pattem questionnaires were designed to identify repetitive negative thinking (RNT for short). (思维模式问卷旨在识别重复性消极思维(简称RNT)。)”可知，实验是通过回答一系列的问题来来定期监测他们的思维模式，从而确定研究对象的RNT。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“ Study subjects with greater RNT-these repetitive negative thought patterns-exhibited a clear decrease in cognitive function and memory over the four-year period. What’s more, they had more tau and amyloid built up in their brains. .(有更严重的RNT的研究对象——这些重复的消极思维模式——在四年的时间里，认知功能和记忆明显下降。并且，他们的大脑中建立了更多的tau和淀粉样蛋白。)”可知，RNT使人们的认知和记忆下降，也就是影响大脑的功能，因此更差的大脑功能是RNT的影响。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Thankfully, studies show that we can change our thought patterns through mental-training practices, with meditation(冥想)documented to be one of the very best.(值得庆幸的是，研究表明我们可以通过心理训练来改变我们的思维模式，而冥想被证明是最好的方法之一。)”可知，对于RNT作者推荐使用冥想来缓解这种破坏性思维方式即进行的是心理训练。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。以及第二段中“As someone who often got trapped in negative memories of the remote past, I can speak personally to the remarkable power of meditation to relieve this destructive thinking pattern, and I encourage everyone to explore this practice. (作为一个经常被困在遥远过去的消极记忆中的人，我可以亲自谈谈冥想在缓解这种破坏性思维模式方面的非凡力量，我鼓励每个人都去探索这种实践。)”可知，作者对于冥想这种心理练习是支持的。故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Having a sense of humor can make your entire life much more enjoyable. For some of us, this comes naturally.____16____If you want some tips to improve your sense of humor, try these out:
•Appreciate more stand-up comedies.
____17____If you don’t know where to start, look for something to your taste or start with something popular. The law of attraction will help you increase your sense of humor by understanding jokes, pick up lines and other metaphors(比喻)that make people laugh.
•____18____
If you really want to develop your humor then try to take something ordinary and make a joke out of it. In fact, there is a hidden joke behind every little event and situation you come across. Go ahead and try it. You will find out that almost everything you see in daily life has a funny side.
•Learn some simple jokes.
In the beginning, you don’t have to be creative. Just go out and do some research! The internet is full of great resources for jokes, humor, funny pictures, etc. Try searching for stuff that you like and add funny jokes to the end of your search.____19____
•Know the difference between funny and mean.
Making fun of someone for things they can’t change can come off as mean. The person who is the target of the joke can grow really embarassed and it can turn their mood off.____20____You can also make self-depreciating(自嘲)jokes. And there will always be jokes where no one gets hurt.
A. Observe other funny people.
B. Try to see the funny side to things.
C. You will find millions of things to make people laugh.
D. For others, we might have to work a little to unlock it.
E. To increase your sense of humor, watch more comedies.
F. It’s a lot better than watching something that’s a bit of a struggle.
G. Instead, make jokes about something they can easily change about themselves.
【答案】16. D 17. E 18. B 19. C 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇说明文。拥有幽默感能使人们的生活变得更加快乐，文章介绍了几个可以提升幽默感的方法，大家可以一试。
【16题详解】
根据上一句“For some of us, this comes naturally.”（对我们中的一些人来说，这是自然而然的。），选项D. For others, we might have to work a little to unlock it.（对于其他人来说，我们可能需要花点功夫才能解开它。）中的“For others”与上一句的“For some of us”相对应，句意也衔接合理；下一句“If you want some tips to improve your sense of humor, try these out:”（如果你想要一些方法来提高你的幽默感，试试这些:）也能够承接选项D句意，符合语境。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据第二段段落主题句“Appreciate more stand-up comedies.”（多看一些单口喜剧。）可知，本段主要建议人们要多看喜剧来提升幽默感，选项E. To increase your sense of humor, watch more comedies.（为了增加你的幽默感，多看喜剧。）与主题意思相符；下一句“If you don’t know where to start, look for something to your taste or start with something popular.”（如果你不知道从哪里开始，找一些符合你口味的东西，或者从流行的东西开始。）句意可以承接选项E，进一步给出了多看喜剧的具体做法。故选E。
【18题详解】
空处为段落主题句，根据第二、四、五段可知，应为祈使句，故答案选自A或B；根据本段中“If you really want to develop your humor, then try to take something ordinary and make a joke out of it. ”（如果你真的想提高自己的幽默感，那就试着找一些平常的事情来开个玩笑。）和“You will find out that almost everything you see in daily life has a funny side.”（你会发现几乎你在日常生活中看到的每件事都有有趣的一面。）及段落内容可知，本段主要是鼓励人们试着去发现事物有趣的一面，与选项B. Try to see the funny side to things.（试着看到事情有趣的一面。）意思相符。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上一句“Try searching for stuff that you like and add funny jokes to the end of your search.”（试着搜索你喜欢的东西，并在搜索的最后添加有趣的笑话。）可知，选项C. You will find millions of things to make people laugh.（你会发现无数让人发笑的事情。）句意与其有连续性，承接上文，语意合理。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据最后一段“Making fun of someone for things they can’t change can come off as mean.”（因为别人无法改变的事情取笑他们会显得刻薄。）和“The person who is the target of the joke can grow really embarassed and it can turn their mood off.”（被取笑的人会变得非常尴尬，会让他们心情不好。）可知，拿一些别人无法改变的事情开玩笑是很刻薄的，会让人不高兴，选项G. Instead, make jokes about something they can easily change about themselves.（相反，开一些他们自己很容易改变的事情的玩笑。）提出正确的做法应该是拿一些别人很容易改变的事开玩笑，与上文衔接合理，符合语境。故选G。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空自处的最佳选项。
Sylvia was mad at her work team after trying to get them to finish a job tha was due that day. “I’m always the one doing all the work,” she said. “And then the team gets the____21____even the people who don’t do anything. It’s really not____22____.”
British psychologist Melanie Klein told her that there’s something that____23____the feeling: self-centeredness. Looking at the experience in a less self-centered way can help you manage it____24____. What you should do is step back to see things from a____25____angle, one in which we are not at the center. In fact, you might think you already do that and take pride in never being unkind or____26____another person.
When Sylvia took herself out of the____27____, she found some of her teammates were quite____28____and inexpericnced. Maybe they were afraid they wouldn’t be good enough to____29____some of the tasks. She began experimenting with ways to_____30_____their strengths and at the same time to help them do_____31_____they could be good at. Team projects_____32_____, as did team spirit; and within a year, she was_____33_____and made a team leader.
Taking yourself out of the spotlight (聚光灯) isn’t always easy._____34_____, it is a great way to take proper responsibility without bccoming_____35_____.
21. A. idea B. job C. praise D. skill
22. A. bad B. enough C. smooth D. fair
23. A. results in B. gets over C. wipes out D. adds to
24. A. carefully B. bitterly C. easily D. personally
25. A. safer B. funnier C. stranger D. wider
26. A. controlling B. hurting C. refusing D. helping
27. A. stress B. fight C. center D. anger
28. A. young B. energetic C. daring D. brilliant
29. A. group B. obtain C. list D. shoulder
30. A. test B. support C. ignore D. reject
31. A. work B. research C. exercises D. sports
32. A. mattered B. improved C. failed D. changed
33. A. punished B. imitated C. promoted D. persuaded
34. A. Therefore B. Meanwhile C. Instead D. However
35. A. annoyed B. shocked C. surprised D. embarrassed
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Sylvia以自我为中心，感觉团队里的工作都是她一个人完成的，其它人只是坐享其成，她很生气。但在心理学家梅勒妮·克莱因帮助下，她开始调整心态，并主动支持队友的优势，并让他们做自己擅长的工作。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后团队得到了表扬，即使是那些什么都没做的人。这真的不公平。A. idea想法；B. job工作；C. praise表扬，赞美；D. skill技巧。根据上文“I’m always the one doing all the work”和句中“And then the team gets”可推知，Sylvia抱怨说自己一个人完成所有工作，但团队得到表扬。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词词义辨析。句意：然后团队得到了表扬，即使是那些什么都没做的人。这真的不公平。A. bad坏的；B. enough充足的；C. smooth光滑的；D. fair公平的。根据上文“I’m always the one doing all the work”和“And then the team gets the　　1　　even the people who don’t do anything.”可知，Sylvia感觉团队里的工作都是她一个人完成的，同时其它人坐享其成，跟着受表扬，所以这不公平。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：英国心理学家梅勒妮·克莱因告诉她，有一些东西导致了这种感觉：自我中心。A. results in导致；B. gets over克服；C. wipes out消灭；D. adds to加入。根据句中“British psychologist Melanie Klein”可推知，心理学家在帮助Sylvia分析原因，找是什么导致了她有这种感受。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：用一种不那么以自我为中心的方式来看待这段经历可以帮助你更容易地管理它。A. carefully小心地，仔细地；B. bitterly愤怒地，痛苦地；C. easily容易地；D. personally就个人而言。根据句中“Looking at the experience in a less self-centered way can help you”可知，心理学家梅勒妮·克莱因提出了专业的建议，让她更容易管理自己的感受。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你应该做的是退一步，从一个更广阔的角度看问题，一个我们不是在中心的角度。A. safer更安全；B. funnier更有趣的；C. stranger更奇怪的；D. wider宽的，广阔的。根据上文可知，心理学家梅勒妮·克莱因指出Sylvia产生那些想法的原因是“self-centeredness”，即“以自我为中心”；心理学家提出新的看问题的方式“angle, one in which we are not at the center”，即“一个不以我们为中心的角度”，与之前“以自我为中心”相比较而言，这一角度不狭隘，是一种更为广阔的角度。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，你可能认为你已经这样做了，并为从未不友善或伤害别人而自豪。A. controlling控制；B. hurting伤害；C. refusing拒绝；D. helping帮助。根据句中“unkind”可知，此处指对人不友好或伤害别人。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当Sylvia从自我中心中走出来时，她发现她的一些队友相当年轻，缺乏经验。A. stress精神压力；B. fight与……作斗争；C. center中心；D. anger愤怒。根据最后一段“Taking yourself out of the spotlight (聚光灯) isn’t always easy.”可知，此处指Sylvia从以自我为中心走出来后，对队友有了新的发现，能够理解他们的行为了。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当Sylvia从愤怒中走出来时，她发现她的一些队友相当年轻，缺乏经验。A. young年轻的；B. energetic精力充沛的；C. daring勇于冒险的；D. brilliant巧妙的。根据句中“inexpericnced”可推辞，她的一些队友年轻，缺乏经验。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许他们担心自己不够好，无法承担一些任务。A. group聚集；B. obtain得到；C. list列清单；D. shoulder承担。根据上文“inexpericnced”和句中“they were afraid they wouldn’t be good enough”可知，Sylvia的队友因年轻且缺乏经验，担心自己不够好，无法承担任务。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她开始尝试各种方法来支持他们的优势，同时帮助他们做他们擅长的工作。A. test测验；B. support支持；C. ignore忽视；D. reject拒绝。根据下文“and at the same time to help them ”推知，Sylvia支持同事的优势。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她开始尝试各种方法来测试他们的优势，同时帮助他们做他们擅长的工作。A. work工作；B. research工作；C. exercises练习题；D. sports运动。根据句中“their strengths”和“they could be good at”可知，发现队友的优势后，会帮助他们做他们擅长的工作。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：团队项目得到提高，团队精神得到提升；不到一年，她就升职了，成为了团队领导。A. mattered要紧；B. improved提高；C. failed失败；D. changed改变。根据上文可知，Sylvia不再生气和抱怨，开始帮助队友找到优势，并让他们做自己擅长的工作，所以团队的项目得到提高。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：团队项目得到提高，团队精神得到提升；不到一年，她就升职了，成为了团队领导。A. punished惩罚；B. imitated模仿；C. promoted升职，晋升；D. persuaded说服。根据句中“made a team leader”可知，Sylvia晋升了。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这是一个很好的方式来承担适当的责任而不生气。A. Therefore因此；B. Meanwhile与此同时；C. Instead反而；D. However然而。上文“Taking yourself out of the spotlight (聚光灯) isn’t always easy”说远离聚光灯，不再以自我为中心并不容易，下文“it is a great way”说它的好处，上下文之间是转折关系。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，这是一个很好的方式来承担适当的责任而不生气。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. shocked吃惊的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据上文“Sylvia was mad at her work team after trying to get them to finish a job tha was due that day.”可知，Sylvia之前以自我为中心，所以生团队的气，但现在她不再以自我为中心，远离了“聚光灯”，这会让她不那么生气恼怒。故选A项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The natural beauty of Fanjingshan ensures its place among the country’s top nature reserves.
Flowers are coming out pretty at____36____foot of Fanjingshan in early April, while white snow is still attached to the mountaintop.____37____(it)green and fresh vegetation(植被)is a major feature of Fanjingshan,____38____stands northeast of Tongren city in southwestern China’s Guizhou province. Fanjingshan is home to more than 7,100 species of wild plants and animals. There are more than 40 different____39____(type)of forests as well as endangered animals.
The Fanjingshan National Nature Reserve was established in 1978. It____40____(recognize)as a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve in 1986. The reserve covers an area____41____more than 77,500 hectares and was named a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2018.
To protect biological activity more____42____(effective), the Fanjingshan administration has set up observation stations and put in____43____(monitor)equipment. Experts say Fanjingshan has an advantage in its application to become a____44____(nation)park in that it is the only natural habitat for the Guizhou snub-nosed monkey and the Fanjingshan fir, both of which have been rated as_____45_____(threaten)species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.
【答案】36. the
37. Its 38. which
39. types 40. was recognized 41. of
42. effectively
43. to monitor
44. national
45. threatened
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了贵州著名景点梵净山。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：四月初，梵净山脚下鲜花盛开，皑皑白雪还贴在山顶上。分析句子，句中at the foot of为固定短语，意为“在……脚下”。故填the。
【37题详解】
考查代词。句意：梵净山位于中国西南部贵州省铜仁市东北部，其绿色和新鲜的植被是梵净山的主要特征。分析句子，设空处使用it的形容词性物主代词its作定语。同时该空置于句首，首字母大写。故填Its。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：梵净山位于中国西南部贵州省铜仁市东北部，其绿色和新鲜的植被是梵净山的主要特征。分析句子，设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句。引导词在从句中作主语，修饰前文的先行词Fanjingshan，为物。故填which。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：这里有40多种不同类型的森林以及濒危动物。设空处type为名词，意为“种类”，此处表示复数，使用名词作主语。故填types。
【40题详解】
考查动词。句意：1986年被联合国教科文组织认定为生物圈保护区。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语。句中be recognized as为固定短语，意为“被认为，被视为”，同时句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was recognized。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：该保护区占地超过7.75万公顷，于2018年被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产。分析句子，句中an area of为固定短语，意为“一个……的区域”。故填of。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：为了更有效地保护生物活动，梵净山政府已经建立了观测站，并投入了监测设备。分析句子，设空处使用effective的副词effectively作状语，意为“积极地”。故填effectively。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子，句中has set up为谓语动词，设空处使用不定式结构作定语。故填to monitor。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：专家表示，梵净山申请成为国家公园的优势在于，它是贵州金丝猴和梵净山冷杉唯一的自然栖息地，这两种动物都被国际自然保护联盟列为濒危物种。分析句子，设空处使用nation的形容词national作定语，意为“国家的”。故填national。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用threaten的形容词threatened作定语，意为“濒危的”。故填threatened。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，下个月你校将举行长跑比赛，请你给学校国际部好友Jim写封电子邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括：
1.比赛的时间、地点等；
2.提高长跑能力的建议。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I’m Li Hua. Next month our school will hold long-distance run. Now I’ll introduce some information about it for you.
The activity will be held in our campus on May 6th, during which first our headmaster will deliver a speech, telling us the benefits of the activity and encouraging us students to do more sports to keep healthy. Then we’ll prepare for the long run, such as doing some warming-up, drinking some water etc. Next the long run will start. As for suggestions for better running, it’s best to approach it gradually in order to avoid overuse injuries. You know, running longer distances takes time and patience, so you should check your pace on your runs in case you run too fast.
We would be very glad if you could attend the activity. Looking forward to your joining us.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给学校国际部好友Jim写封电子邮件，邀请他参加长跑比赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
举办：hold→conduct
鼓励：encourage→inspire
逐渐地：gradually→progressively
高兴的：glad→delighted
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Then we’ll prepare for the long run, such as doing some warming-up, drinking some water etc. Next the long run will start.
拓展句：Then we’ll prepare for the long run, such as doing some warming-up, drinking some water etc., after which the long run will start.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The activity will be held in our campus on May 6th, during which first our headmaster will deliver a speech, telling us the benefits of the activity and encouraging us students to do more sports to keep healthy. (运用了介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句和现在分词作状语)
【高分句型2】You know, running longer distances takes time and patience, so you should check your pace on your runs in case you run too fast. (运用了in case引导的目的状语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jane got an F in the science class. Shamefully, she buried her face in her hands, thinking the day was really terrible. The worst was that it was her twelfth birthday.
The day’s awfulness began when Jane decided to stay up until midnight so that she could witness the moment when she ofially turned twelve. Unfortunately, she missed it. Her day didn’t improve at breakfast. Carl, her baby brother, threw up while eating his baby food, causing her parents to spend the whole time cleaning up the mess and worrying Carl possibly being sick.
Like a good mature (成熟的) twelve-year-old, Jane kept quiet and pretended she wasn’t angry. She knew that it wasn’t Carl’s fault. After all, he was just a 10-month- old crawling (会爬的) baby who was only able to call “mama” and “papa”.
Jane seemed to be angry a lot recently. Everyone said it was hormones (激素), but she was pretty sure it was because of unfaimess. It had basically started when her parents decided to have another kid and when Jane was becoming smart and mature. Those grown-up qualities only brought her increased responsibility. Besides mountains of homework, she was dutiful for playing with and caring for little Carl sometimes. Jane loved Carl. She even bought him a toy cat. But his shining eyes didn’t give any indication of understanding her upset.
As she walked home, Jane wondered what further unpleasantness would await. Did her parents remember today was her birthday? They had given no such clue at breakfast. Did she want another one of those birthday parties that were thrown for her when she was little? She’d enjoyed them at the time, but now that would only embarrass her. And considering previous festivals, she couldn’t expect anything else from her parents.
Jane returned home and opened the front door. She saw the house lookinig deserted. Well, this suited her fine. Then, she stepped inside.
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Suddenly, her parents jumped out with the party hats, saying, “Surprise!”
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“Jane!” said Carl, dragging his favorite toy cat.
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【答案】Suddenly, her parents jumped out with the party hats, saying, “Surprise!” Jane stood there in shock for a few seconds before a smile broke out on her face. They had remembered her birthday after all. The room was decorated with balloons and streamers, and there was a big cake in the center of the table. Her parents explained that they had been planning the surprise party for weeks, and Carl had been in on it too. They had kept it a secret so that they could surprise her. They even had a present for her - a book on marine biology, something she had been wanting for months. She couldn't wait to dive into it.
“Jane!” said Carl, dragging his favorite toy cat. Jane turned to him and scooped him up in her arms. She hugged him tightly, grateful for his innocent love. She realized that the responsibilities of being a big sister were not always easy, but they were worth it for moments like this. Carl looked up at her with a toothless grin, and she knew that he was just happy to be with her.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了简在科学课上得了不及格，她觉得这一天太糟糕了。最重要的是，因为这一天是她的生日。她认为家人不会记得自己的生日的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“突然，她的父母拿着派对帽跳出来，说：“惊喜！””可知，第一段可描写简对家人记得自己的生日感到惊讶。
②由第二段首句内容““简！”卡尔拖着他最喜欢的玩具猫说。”可知，第二段可描写简对弟弟的爱。
2.续写线索：惊讶——解释——礼物——感激——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.吃惊：surprise/amaze
②.拥抱：hug/embrace
③.意识到：realize/be conscious of
情绪类
①.感激的：grateful/thankful
②.高兴的：happy/glad
【点睛】[高分句型1]. They had kept it a secret so that they could surprise her.（运用了so that引导的目的状语从句）
[高分句型2]. She realized that the responsibilities of being a big sister were not always easy, but they were worth it for moments like this.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）