2023年吉林省长春市德惠市中考一模英语试题（含解析）

这是一份2023年吉林省长春市德惠市中考一模英语试题（含解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了单项选择，补全对话6选5，完形填空，阅读单选，阅读判断，阅读还原5选5，阅读回答问题，语法填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年吉林省长春市德惠市中考一模英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、单项选择
1．A terrible earthquake happened in Turkey (土耳其) ________ February 6th, 2023.
A．in B．on C．at D．to
2．2023 is ________ 14th year that China has taken part in the activity Earth Hour. But we hope we can try our best to make the earth ________ better world.
A．the; a B．a; the C．the; / D．the; the
3．— How do you like Harry Potter?
— It’s so interesting that I ________ all the seven works twice.
A．am reading B．read C．have read D．had read
4．A child ________ often has family dinners will be in closer relationship with ________ his/her parents.
A．who; all B．which; both C．who; both D．which; all
5．If our government ________ attention to controlling food safety now, our health ________ in danger.
A．won’t pay; is B．doesn’t pay; is
C．won’t pay; will be D．doesn’t pay; will be
6．The film is worth ________.
A．see B．seeing C．seen D．sees
7．— I don’t know next. — Let’s ask our teacher for help.
A．what to do B．what should I do C．how to do D．how I should do
8．—I've read on the Internet that a world record of boating ________ on Jan 16th, 2018.
—Yes. It's a woman team from Shantou University. It took them 34 days to cross the Atlantic.
A．broke B．has broken C．was broken D．will be broken
9．This is the first thing you are ________ after you get there.
A．suppose to do B．supposed do C．supposed to do D．supposed doing
10．The red suitcase is expensive ________ it’s made of leather (皮).
A．because B．though C．when D．if
11．—Would you like to have ________ oranges?
—No, thank you.
A．more two B．two more C．two another D．two else
12．Now more and more people ________ sending e-mails ________ letters.
A．prefer to; to writing B．prefer to; to write
C．prefer; to writing D．prefer; to write
13．When you see the traffic light is red, you ________ cross the street. It’s dangerous.
A．don’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．wouldn’t
14．The person under 16 years old shouldn’t _________ to go to the Internet bar.
A．allow B．be allowed C．stop D．be stopped
15．—Peter, is there anything else you want to know about Changchun?
—Yes, I am still wondering ________.
A．how does Changchun food taste
B．how many gardens are there in Changchun
C．what Changchun Sheng Li Park looks like
D．where is Changchun Long Jia International Airport

二、补全对话6选5
根据对话内容，运用所给的句子选项补全对话。选项中有一项是多余的。
A: Hello, Peter!
B: Hello, Li Wei!
A: 16 ?
B: I’ve been here for two weeks, but I’m going back to Australia tomorrow.
A: Have you traveled much?
B: 17 . I’ve visited many interesting places.
A: 18 ?
B: I have been to Tian’anmen Square, Palace Museum, the Great Wall, the Birds’ Nest and so on.
A: Wow, great! 19 ?
B: Yes, I went to see the Terracotta Army (兵马俑). It was fantastic.
A: 20 ?
B: I love it very much, especially Beijing Duck. It’s so delicious.
A．Where have you been
B．How long have you been in China
C．What do you think of Chinese food
D．No, I haven’t
E．Yes, I have
F．Did you go anywhere outside Beijing


三、完形填空
The Other Side of the Wall
There was a young woman who took great pride in her flower garden. She was raised by her grandmother who taught her to love and 21 for flowers. So her flower garden was the best.
One day, while she was looking through a flower list she often 22 from, a picture of a plant caught her eyes. She had never 23 blooms(花) on a flower like that before. “I have to have it,” she said to herself, and she 24 ordered it.
When it arrived, she already had a 25 prepared to plant it. She planted it at the back of her yard. It grew well, with beautiful green leaves all over it, 26 there were no blooms. Day after day she continued to water it, feed it, and she even talked to it trying to make it bloom. However, it was 27
One morning weeks later, when standing before the vine, she felt very 28 that her plant had not bloomed. She was giving thought to 29 it down and planting something else in its place.
It was at this point that her neighbor, whose 30 joined hers, called over to her. “Thank you so much! You can’t imagine how much I have 31 the blooms of that vine you planted.” The young woman walked 32 the gate into her neighbor’s yard, and sure enough, she saw that on the other side of the wall the vine was 33 with blooms.
There were indeed the most beautiful blooms she had 34 seen. The vine had grown through the crevices(缝隙) and it had not flowered on 35 side of the wall, but it had flowered on the other side.
Sometimes one may not see the good result of his effort, but that doesn’t mean it isn’t successful.
21．A．look B．care C．search D．pay
22．A．learned B．heard C．ordered D．borrowed
23．A．seen B．smelt C．sold D．picked
24．A．finally B．carefully C．suddenly D．immediately
25．A．place B．box C．cup D．room
26．A．and B．so C．or D．but
27．A．endless B．useless C．successful D．hopeful
28．A．excited B．nervous C．sad D．frightened
29．A．putting B．cutting C．turning D．taking
30．A．balcony B．kitchen C．bedroom D．yard
31．A．enjoyed B．dreamed C．expected D．hated
32．A．through B．across C．above D．below
33．A．satisfied B．connected C．filled D．pleased
34．A．never B．ever C．seldom D．usually
35．A．its B．his C．her D．their


四、阅读单选

       Germs(细菌) are everywhere. You can’t see them, but they are on your desk, on your computer, and even in the air!
Like people, germs move around the world. They fly with us on planes. When food, clothes, and other things travel around the world, germs travel, too. Some germs are safe, but some are dangerous. Germs cause illnesses like colds and the flu.
Warmer Weather Brings Germs
The world’s weather is changing. Cooler countries are getting warmer, so insects from hot countries can move there. Some of these insects, like mosquitoes, carry dangerous germs. These germs cause headaches, fever, and can even kill people.
Under Your Skin
Your skin protects you from germs. It stops some germs, but not all. They can enter your body when you eat, or when you have a cut. Germs are on your hands, too. They enter your body when you touch your eyes, nose, or mouth.
Fighting Germs
Your immune system(免疫系统) protects you, too. When germs get inside your body, your immune system finds and kills them. Special cells(细胞) move around your body and fight germs. They help you stay healthy. Other cells make antibodies. Antibodies help your body find and stop germs.
What can you do to fight germs? You should wash your hands with soap and water. Soap kills many germs, and water washes them away.
36．According to the text, insects ______.
A．kill germs B．carry germs C．protect germs D．love germs
37．The underlined word “there” refers to ______.
A．cooler countries B．hot countries C．everywhere D．the world
38．Which of the following is right according to the text?
A．All germs are dangerous. B．There are more germs in cold places.
C．Soap can kill all germs. D．Germs can get into your body.
39．What do antibodies do?
A．They kill germs and wash them away. B．They find and develop germs.
C．They help protect us from germs. D．They carry dangerous germs.
40．Which can be the best title for this text?
A．Germs Are Everywhere B．Weather Is Changing
C．Skin Stops Germs D．Germs Are Developed

Most musicians agree that the best violins were first made in Cremona, Italy, about 200 years ago. These violins sound better than any others. They even sound better than violins made today. Violin makers and scientists try to make instruments like the Italian violins. But many aren’t the same. Musicians still prefer the old ones.
Some people think it is the age of the violins. But not all old violins sound wonderful. Only the old violins from Cremona are special. So age cannot be answered very quickly.
Other people think the secret to those is the wood. The wood must be from certain kinds of trees. But the kind of wood may not be so important. It may be more important to cut the wood in a special way. Wood for a violin must be cut very carefully. It has to be the right size and shape. The smallest difference will change the sound of the violin. Musicians sometimes think that this was the secret of the Italians. Maybe they understand more than we do about how to cut the wood.
Size and shape may not be the answer either. Scientists can make new ones that are exactly the same size and shape. But the new violins still do not sound as good as the old ones. Some scientists think the secret may be the varnish (清漆). Varnish is what covers the wood of the violin. It makes the wood look shiny (光亮的). It also helps the sound of the instrument. No one knows what the Italian violin makers used in their varnish.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
41．The passage is about ________.
A．the old Italian violins B．musical instruments
C．scientific ideas D．making violins
42．Other people think the Italian violin makers ________.
A．were lucky B．did not know much about the violin
C．knew something special D．used many kinds of wood
43．Violins made today ________.
A．have the same size and shape as the old ones
B．are better than the old ones
C．sound the same as the old ones
D．have the same varnish as the old ones
44．Some scientists believe that the secret of the old violin was ________.
A．their color B．their sound C．their varnish D．the music
45．Why was the violin painted with the varnish?
A．To make the sound nice. B．To make it look shiny.
C．To value the violin. D．Both A and B．


五、阅读判断
I have never taken cooking classes. I learned cooking from my mother because she was really interested in teaching me how to cook. The main reason for this was that when my mother got married, she didn’t know how to cook anything, not even an egg. My grandmother never allowed her to stay in the kitchen when she was cooking.
My mother did not start to cook until she was twenty-five years old. In the beginning, it was very hard for her. Therefore, she had to take cooking classes to prepare our meals. After having that experience, she decided to teach me how to cook because she didn’t want me to have the same experience.
I remember when I was seven years old, I started to learn cooking from my mother. Sometimes we prepared the meals that my mother already knew how to make, and sometimes we prepared meals from recipes. Thanks to that experience, now I don’t need any help to cook a meal. I can cook for myself or for a group of people; it doesn’t matter. I will do the same with my children because I don’t want them to have the same experience as my mother. If one day I am not with them, I want to be sure that they can continue their life without me.
根据短文内容，判断句子正（T）、误（F）。
46．Because they both liked cooking, the writer learned cooking from her mother.
47．The writer’s mother learned cooking by taking cooking classes.
48．When the writer was seven years old, she began to learn to cook.
49．Only by preparing the meals her mother knew quite well, the writer learned cooking.
50．The writer will do as her mother to make her children know the way of cooking.


六、阅读还原5选5
Life is filled with regrets. 51 When we look back, we always wish that we had made better choices. Then what can we do to avoid future regrets?
Make better plans.
When you start to do something you need to make a plan before doing it. The earlier, the better. 52 You’ll also know what you should do and what you shouldn’t do.
53
You can go around more often. More outdoor activities can keep you relaxed and active. You also need to be kind. “Thank you” can bring a smile to someone’s face. Learn to say “sorry” and don’t be angry with others.
Find the right friend.
A friend may make your life and can break your life as well. 54 Good friends will always better your ideas.
Never fear failure.
Everybody fails. Even the greatest person failed. We should not fear failure, because failure is not the end of the road. 55
Life is good. We don’t have to live in our past, but we do hope that we can plan better, live better and work better when we have the chance to do so.
阅读短文，把A—E五个句子填入文中空缺处，使短文内容完整
A．Live a more active life.
B．Almost all of us have no difficulty telling our regrets.
C．We should take failure as a chance to learn and improve ourselves.
D．So you have to think twice when you choose a friend.
E．You will know what comes first and what comes last.


七、阅读回答问题
Children all over the world like to celebrate their birthdays. American children are of no difference. American children usually celebrate with a party. They invite their friends to join the celebration. The party may not be held on the exact date of their birthday if it comes on a school day. It may be held on the closest weekend instead.
Today two kinds of parties are the most popular. One is held at home. Parents make the house beautiful with balloons and colored paper. They prepare a special birthday meal. The children play games. Another kind is held away from home. Some are at a special restaurant. The children eat pizza and ice cream. The waiters, who serve the food, also sing and tell jokes to the children. Other parties may be held at a park, or at a movie theatre, or in some jokes to the children. Other parties may be held at a park, or at a movie theatre, or in some other places.
Every birthday party has a birthday cake with candles on top. There is one candle for each year of a birthday boy or girl’s age. When the candles are lighted, everyone sings the special birthday song: HAPPY BIRTHDAY TO YOU.
As Americans grow older, their birthday parties change. In fact, many people stop having them. They say they would like to forget how old they are. Yet they do like to remember the happy birthday parties of their childhood.
根据短文内容，回答下列问题：
56．How do America children usually celebrate their birthdays?

57．When will they hold the party if their birthday party is on a school day?

58．Who may be very busy when they hold the party at home?

59．If they hold the party at a restaurant, what will the waiters do?

60．Do many older people still keep on having their birthday parties now?



八、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Parents, especially those of teenagers, care about their children’s education more than 61 (something) else. They would do everything for their children. Many of them spend most of their spare time 62 (help) their children with their studies. If they have no time or cannot do it themselves, they would find family teachers 63 send their children to after-class schools. It seems as if a better education is all that parents can provide for children.
How can we explain the present situation? First of all, many parents have 64 (realize) that future success depends more and more on 65 (skill) and education. Secondly, in our society today there are both losers and 66 (win). Those 67 have more knowledge will enjoy 68 (many) opportunities.
Certainly, it is important to learn to succeed, but the 69 (one) thing to learn is how to live and how to be a qualified citizen (合格的公民). If this is included (包括) in good education, the children will surely have 70 bright future and be healthy in body and mind.


九、小作文
71．为了使你的外国朋友能更好地学习中文，请你为他们提供几条建议，用英文写下来。40词左右。
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十、讲稿
72．即将毕业之际，请你为班级召开的一次以“My life in the middle school”为主题的班会写一篇发言稿。谈谈你对学校或班级的整体印象，同学之间的友谊及老师对你的帮助。词数：80词左右。
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参考答案：
1．B
【详解】句意：2023年2月6日，土耳其发生了一场可怕的地震。
考查介词辨析。in后跟年、月、四季及泛指早上、下午和晚上；on后跟具体某一天、星期；at后跟具体时间点；to到。根据“February 6th, 2023.”可知，是具体到某一天，所以用介词on，故选B。
2．A
【详解】句意：2023年是中国参加“地球一小时”活动的第14个年头。但是我们希望我们可以尽我们最大的努力使地球成为一个更好的世界。
考查冠词辨析。序数词14th前要加the，第二空指“一个更好的世界”，表示泛指，且better是以辅音音素开头，故选A。

3．C
【详解】句意：——你觉得《哈利波特》怎么样?——这七部作品我都读了两遍，太有趣了。
考查时态。根据下文“all the seven works twice”可知，此处表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，且句子为that引导的结果状语从句，主句为一般现在时，故从句应用现在完成时“have/has done”。故选C。
4．C
【详解】句意：一个经常吃家庭晚餐的孩子会和他/她的父母关系更亲密。
考查定语从句以及代词辨析。child是指人，在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句。all都（三者以上）；both都（两者之间）。根据“ parents”可知，父母是两个人，所以第二空填both，故选C。
5．D
【详解】句意：如果我们的政府现在不注意控制食品安全，我们的健康将处于危险之中。
考查时态。分析题目可知，此处是由if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，将来时结构为will do。故选D。
6．B
【详解】句意：这部电影值得一看。
考查非谓语动词。be worth doing sth“值得做某事”，动名词作宾语，故选B。
7．A
【详解】试题分析：句意：我不知道接下来做什么。----让我们向我们的老师请求帮助。A.做什么；B.我应该做什么；因为做know的宾语，需用陈述语序，故排除B，C.怎样做，do是及物动词，后接代词或名词，how to do it 就对了，D.是疑问语序，do缺宾语。故排除B.C.和D.选A。
8．C
【详解】句意：——我在网上看到，2018年1月16日，一项划船世界纪录被打破。——是的，那是一支来自汕头大学的女子队伍。花费了她们34天穿过大西洋。
考查被动语态。broke打破，是break的过去式；broken是break的过去分词形式。由句意可知，that从句中的主语“a world record of boating”与谓语动词构成被动关系，应用被动语态，排除A和B；由句中的时间“on Jan 16th, 2018”可知，应用一般过去时态。故选C。
9．C
【详解】句意：这是你到达那里后首先要做的事。
考查动词短语的用法。be supposed to do sth表示“应该要做某事” ，故选C。
10．A
【详解】句意：这个红色手提箱很贵，因为它是皮制的。
考查连词辨析。because因为；though尽管；when当……时候；if如果。“它是皮制的”是很贵的原因，用because引导原因状语从句，故选A。
11．B
【详解】句意：——你想再吃两个橘子吗？——不，谢谢你。
考查基数词用法。more用于数词后，表示数量的增加，即表示在原有基础上又增加了若干数量；another与数词搭配时，总是要放在数词之前，所以正确搭配为two more或者another two。故选B。
12．C
【详解】句意：现在越来越多的人喜欢发电子邮件而不是写信。
考查动词短语。prefer doing A to doing B“与B相比之下更喜欢做A”。故选C。
13．C
【详解】句意：当你看到交通灯是红色时，你不能过马路。这是危险的。
考查情态动词辨析。don’t助动词，帮助构成否定句；needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止，不允许；wouldn’t不会。根据交通规则可知，红灯亮时是禁止通行的，故选C。
14．B
【详解】句意：16岁以下的人不应该被允许去网吧。
考查被动语态以及动词辨析。allow允许；stop停止。根据“The person under 16 years old shouldn’t …to go to the Internet bar”可知，此处指不应该被允许去网吧，主语“The person under 16 years old”与动词allow之间是被动关系，所以此处用含有情态动词的被动语态，故选B。
15．C
【详解】句意：——彼得，关于长春，你还有什么想知道的吗？——是的，我还在想长春胜利公园是什么样子。
考查宾语从句。该句为宾语从句，故从句应用陈述句语序，选项A、B、D均为疑问句语序，可排除。故选C。
16．B 17．E 18．A 19．F 20．C

【导语】本文是两人谈论在中国的一些旅行情况。
16．根据“I’ve been here for two weeks”可知，这里应该是问对方来中国多久了，选项B“你来中国多久了？”符合，故选B。
17．根据“Have you traveled much”可知，此处应是肯定或否定回答，结合“I’ve visited many interesting places”可知，这里是肯定的回答，选项E“是的，我去了。”符合，故选E。
18．根据“I have been to Tian’anmen Square, Palace Museum, the Great Wall, the Birds’ Nest and so on.”可知，这里应是问对方都去了哪些地方，选项A“你去过哪些地方？”符合，故选A。
19．根据“Yes, I went to see the Terracotta Army”可知，这里应该是问有没有去过除了北京的其他地方，选项F“你去过北京以外的地方吗？”符合，故选F。
20．根据“I love it very much, especially Beijing Duck”可知，这里问的是对食物的看法，选项C“你觉得中国菜怎么样？”符合，故选C。

21．B 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．A 26．D 27．B 28．C 29．B 30．D 31．A 32．A 33．C 34．B 35．C

【分析】本文叙述了一位年轻的妇女，在植物的订货单上看见一张植物的画，看见这种植物花开的很好，于是决定自己也订购了这种植物，可是等她在精心护理了一段时间后，发现这种花不开花，于是就想不要这种植物了，就在这时，她的邻居来了告诉她她的植物在她家的墙上开花了，并且花很漂亮。有时我们看事物不能只看到不好的一面。
21．考查动词。句意：她有她的祖母抚养，祖母教她要爱护和关心花的成长。A. look for寻找； B. care for关心，照顾C. search for寻找； D. pay for支付。根据下文she already had a prepared to plant it.可知她在照管这些花，故选B。
22．考查动词。句意：一天当她浏览她经常订货的单时，一张植物的照片引起了她的注意。A. learned from向……学习； B. heard from收到来信； C. ordered订购； D. borrowed借。根据she ordered it. 可知这是她预定的，故选 C。
23．考查动词。句意：她以前从来没有看见过这种花。 A. seen 看见；B. smelt闻；C. sold售出，卖；D. picked挑选；采摘。See强调看的结果，根据语境故选A。
24．考查副词。句意：她立刻定了这种花。A. finally最后；终于；B. carefully小心地；C. suddenly突然地；忽然；D.immediately立即，立刻；直接地。根据a picture of a plant caught her eyes. She had never blooms(花) on a flower like that before.可知她以前没有见过这种花想要了解一下，所以立刻定了这种花，故选D。
25．考查名词。句意：当花到了的时候，她已经给这种植物安排好种植它的地方。A . place地方；B. box盒子，箱子；C. cup杯子；D. room房间。根据She planted it at the back of her yard.可知这里已经给安排好了地方，故选A。
26．考查连词。句意：这种花长势很好叶子很绿，但是就是不开花。A. and和，表示前后是并列关系；B. so 因此，表示前后是因果关系；C. or或者，表示前后是选择关系；D. but但是，表示前后是转折关系。因为她认为这种花应该开花。这里表示前后是转折关系，故选D。
27．考查形容词。句意：她甚至对花说话，试图让它开花，可是没有用的。A. endless无止境的；连续的；环状的；漫无目的的；B. useless无用的；无效的；C. successful成功的；一帆风顺的；D. hopeful有希望的；有前途的。根据She was giving thought to it down and planting something else in its place. 可知她对这种植物不报有开花的希望了，故选B。
28．考查形容词。句意：她感觉很伤心，她的这种植物不会开花了。A. excited高兴；B. nervous紧张的；C. sad 伤心的；D. frightened害怕的。根据she even talked to it trying to make it bloom. 可知她努力了，可是植物还是不开花，所以她很伤心，故选C。
29．考查动词。句意：她想把这种植物砍了，而种上其他的植物。A. p utting 放；B. cutting砍下； C. turning转向；D. taking拿走。这里cut down砍掉，砍到。根据planting something else in its place. 可知她想把这种植物砍了，而种上其他的植物，故选B。
30．考查名词。句意：就在那时她的邻居也就是他们两家的院子是连着的。A. balcony阳台；B. kitchen 厨房；C. bedroom 卧室；D. yard院子。根据she saw that on the other side of the wall the vine was with blooms. 可知是两家的院子是连着的，故选D。
31．考查动词。句意：你想象不到你种植的植物我能欣赏它的花。A. enjoyed欣赏；B. dreamed 梦想； C. expected盼望；D. hated恨。根据she saw that on the other side of the wall the vine was with blooms. 可知她种植的植物在邻居的家里开了花，所以邻居能够欣赏到美丽的花，故选A。
32．考查连词。句意：这位年轻的妇女就从大门穿过进入了邻居家的院子。A. through通过，指从某个空间的内部过去；B. across横过，指从表面过去；C. above在上方；D. below在下方。根据这里指的是门或窗子的空间穿过用介词through，故选A。
33．考查形容词。句意：她看到在墙的另一面墙上爬满了花。A. satisfied 满意的；B. connected 连接的；C. filled 满的；D. pleased 高兴的。这里是短语be filled with sth充满；故选C。
34．考查副词。句意：这里有她曾见过的最漂亮的花。A. never从不；B. ever曾经；C. seldom很少；D. usually通常。根据句意用ever曾经，故选B。
35．考查代词。句意：这种植物在她的这边墙上没有开花，但是它却在另一边墙上开得很好。A. its 它的；B. his他的；C. her她的；D. their他们的。根据上文可知她种植的花开在了邻居家的墙上，故选 C。
36．B 37．A 38．D 39．C 40．A

【分析】细菌无处不在。本文主要介绍了细菌的危害以及我们应该如何抵抗细菌保护自己。
36．细节理解题。根据Warmer Weather Brings Germs这一段中“Some of these insects, like mosquitoes, carry dangerous germs.”可知一些昆虫是能够携带细菌的。故选B。
37．词义推断题。根据“Cooler countries are getting warmer, so insects from hot countries can move there.”可知there指代上一句话中的cooler countries，即在比较冷的国家变的暖和以后，炎热国家的昆虫会飞到变暖和后的（比较冷的）国家。 故选A。
38．细节理解题。根据“Some germs are safe, but some are dangerous.”可知一些细菌是安全的，一些是危险的，并不是所有的细菌都是危险的，因此A选项是错误的；根据“Warmer Weather Brings Germs”可知细菌更喜欢温暖的气候，因此B选项是错误的；根据“Soap kills many germs, and water washes them away.”可知肥皂会杀死很多细菌，并不是所有的细菌，因此C选项是错误的；根据Fighting Germs这一段“When germs get inside your body, your immune system finds and kills them.”可知细菌进入身体，我们的免疫系统会发现并消灭细菌，因此D选项是正确的。故选D。
39．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Antibodies help your body find and stop germs.”可知抗体帮我们发现并阻止细菌。故选C。
40．最佳标题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了细菌无处不在，细菌对身体的危害，以及细菌的一些特性，然后介绍我们如何保护自己免受细菌侵害，因此A选项“细菌无处不在”，最贴合主题。故选A。
41．A 42．C 43．A 44．C 45．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，探讨了200年前在意大利克雷莫纳制造的小提琴之谜。
41．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇说明文，探讨了200年前在意大利克雷莫纳制造的小提琴之谜。故选A。
42．推理判断题。根据原文“Violin makers and scientists try to make instruments like the Italian violins. But many aren’t the same. Musicians still prefer the old ones”可知，小提琴制造商和科学家试图制造类似意大利小提琴的乐器，但都没有成功，因此他们认为意大利的小提琴制作家知道一些特别的关于小提琴制作的秘密。故选C。
43．推理判断题。根据原文“Violin makers and scientists try to make instruments like the Italian violins”以及“ Scientists can make new ones that are exactly the same size and shape.”可知，小提琴制造商和科学家试图制造类似意大利小提琴的乐器，由此可以推断今天的小提琴在大小和造型上与旧式小提琴一样。故选A。
44．细节理解题。根据原文“Some scientists think the secret may be the varnish (清漆)”可知，一些科学家认为秘密可能在于清漆。故选C。
45．细节理解题。根据原文“Varnish is what covers the wood of the violin. It makes the wood look shiny (光亮的). It also helps the sound of the instrument”可知，小提琴上的清漆对改善音色和提亮光泽有帮助。故选D。
46．F 47．T 48．T 49．F 50．T

【导语】本文主要讲述了妈妈教我做饭的经历。
46．细节理解题。由“I learned cooking from my mother because she was really interested in teaching me how to cook”可知，作者从妈妈那里学习烹饪是因为妈妈很有兴趣教作者如何做饭，故选F。
47．细节理解题。根据“My mother did not start to cook until she was twenty-five years old. In the beginning, it was very hard for her. Therefore, she had to take cooking classes to prepare our meals.”可知，妈妈报了烹饪班来学习做饭。故选T。
48．细节理解题。根据“I remember when I was seven years old, I started to learn cooking from my mother.”可知，作者7岁时开始学习做饭。故选T。
49．细节理解题。根据“Sometimes we prepared the meals that my mother already knew how to make, and sometimes we prepared meals from recipes.”可知，作者并不只是通过准备妈妈熟悉的饭菜来学习烹饪。故选F。
50．细节理解题。根据“I will do the same with my children because I don’t want them to have the same experience as my mother.”可知，作者想要教给她未来的孩子厨艺以便不会有像她的妈妈一样的经历。故选T。
51．B 52．E 53．A 54．D 55．C

【导语】本文主要介绍了如何避免遗憾的方法和策略。
51．根据“Life is filled with regrets.”和“When we look back, we always wish that we had made better choices.”可知，空处说的是遗憾，B选项“几乎所有人都能毫不费力地说出自己的遗憾。”符合语境，故选B。
52．根据“When you start to do something you need to make a plan before doing it. The earlier, the better.”可知，此处应是介绍做计划的好处，E选项“你会知道什么是首先的，什么是最后的”符合语境，故选E。
53．此空是本段的标题，根据“More outdoor activities can keep you relaxed and active. You also need to be kind”可知，本段与积极生活有关，A选项“过一种更加积极的生活”符合语境，故选A。
54．根据“Find the right friend”可知，本段的建议是与选择“朋友”有关，D选项“所以当你选择朋友的时候，你必须三思”符合语境，故选D。
55．根据“Never fear failure”和“We should not fear failure, because failure is not the end of the road.”可知，此处应和面对失败的态度有关，C选项“我们应该把失败当作一个学习和提高自己的机会”符合语境，故选C。
56．With a party./American children usually celebrate with a party. 57．It may be held on the closest weekend instead. 58．Parents./Their parents. 59．They serve the food, sing and tell jokes to the children./The waiters, who serve the food, also sing and tell jokes to the children. 60．No./No, they don’t.

【导语】本文讲了全世界的孩子都喜欢庆祝他们的生日，详细地介绍了美国的孩子是如何庆祝生日的，及其美国年龄大的人不喜欢生日派对的原因。
56．根据“American children usually celebrate with a party. ”可知，美国孩子通常举行派对来庆祝生日，故填With a party./American children usually celebrate with a party.
57．根据“ The party may not be held on the exact date of their birthday if it comes on a school day. It may be held on the closest weekend instead.”可知，如果聚会是在上学日，那么聚会可能不会在他们的生日那天举行。它可能会在最近的周末举行。故填It may be held on the closest weekend instead.
58．根据“One is held at home. Parents make the house beautiful with balloons and colored paper. They prepare a special birthday meal. The children play games. ”可知，在家办生日派对，父母可能是最忙碌的，故填Parents./Their parents.
59．根据“Some are at a special restaurant. The children eat pizza and ice cream. The waiters, who serve the food, also sing and tell jokes to the children.”可知，服务员会提供食物，唱歌，给孩子们讲笑话。故填They serve the food, sing and tell jokes to the children./The waiters, who serve the food, also sing and tell jokes to the children.
60．根据“As Americans grow older, their birthday parties change. In fact, many people stop having them. ”可知，随着年龄的增长，很多美国人已经不再举办生日派对了，故填No./No, they don’t.

61．anything 62．helping 63．or 64．realized 65．skills 66．winners 67．who 68．more 69．first 70．a

【导语】本文叙述了父母关心孩子们的教育胜过其他的事情，许多人将他们的大部分空余时间用来帮助孩子的学习。因为许多父母已经意识到未来的成功越来越多的取决于技术和教育了。
61．句意：父母，尤其是青少年的父母，最关心孩子的教育。根据“care about their children’s education more than …else”可知，关心孩子的教育胜过任何其他的东西，anything“任何东西”，故填anything。
62．句意：他们中的许多人把大部分业余时间花在帮助孩子学习上。spend time doing sth“花费时间做某事”，动名词作宾语，故填helping。
63．句意：如果他们没有时间或不能自己做，他们会找家庭教师或送孩子去课外学校。“ they would find family teachers”与“send their children to after-class schools”是选择关系，用or连接，故填or。
64．句意：首先，许多父母已经意识到未来的成功越来越取决于技能和教育。根据have可知，此空应填过去分词构成现在完成时结构，故填realized。
65．句意：首先，许多父母已经意识到未来的成功越来越取决于技能和教育。此空与education构成并列关系，所以此空也应填名词，skill“技能”，可数名词，应填复数形式表示这一类别，故填skills。
66．句意：其次，在我们今天的社会中，既有失败者，也有成功者。此空与losers构成并列关系，所以此空应填复数名词，winners“成功者”符合，故填winners。
67．句意：那些拥有更多知识的人将享受更多的机会。those是指人，在从句中作主语，应用who引导定语从句，故填who。
68．句意：那些拥有更多知识的人将享受更多的机会。根据“have more knowledge ”可知，有更多知识的人将享受更多的机会，含有比较之意，故填more。
69．句意：当然，学习成功很重要，但首先要学习的是如何生活，如何成为一个合格的公民。根据the可知，此空应填序数词first表示顺序，故填first。
70．句意：如果这包括在良好的教育中，孩子们一定会有一个光明的未来，身心健康。此处表示泛指，且bright是以辅音音素开头的，故填a。
71．[例文]
To improve your pronunciation, you’d better spend 10 minutes reading Chinese aloud in the morning. To make the learning process more interesting, you can watch some Chinese movies and listen to Chinese songs. It’s better to have a Chinese pen pal, so you can write to him, which can improve your Chinese writing ability.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本题为小作文；
②时态：给他人的建议，时态应用一般现在时；
③提示：本题词数要求较少，直接进入主题给出建议即可。
[写作步骤]
第一步，就如何学习中文给出几点建议。
[亮点词汇]
①had better do sth.最好做某事
②spend time doing sth.花时间做某事
[高分句型]
①It’s better to have a Chinese pen pal, so you can write to him, which can improve your Chinese writing ability.（which引导定语从句）
72．例文
Dear teachers and classmates,
     How time flies! It has been three years since I came to the school. My life in the middle school is colorful and interesting.
     My school is beautiful. There are many beautiful flowers and trees. Our teachers work hard and take good care of us. Whenever we meet with difficulties, they always come to help us. My classmates study very hard and we are all very friendly to each other. We always help each other. I have learnt a lot from them and made a lot of friends during the past three years.
     Now I’m going to say goodbye to my teachers and classmates. I want to say “Thank you” to all teachers and classmates. I wish you all the best. I’ll never forget the happy time that we spent together. Thanks for your attention.

【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇发言稿。
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”。
③提示：文章为第一人称，介绍自己的初中生活，阐述自己对学校和班级的印象和感谢老师同学的帮助，适当增加细节。
[写作步骤]
第一步，整体介绍自己的校园生活是怎么样的，引出主题；
第二步，具体介绍自己对学校，老师和同学的印象；
第三步，表达感谢与祝愿。
[亮点词汇]
① take care of照顾
② be friendly to友好
③ help each other相互帮助
④ learn a lot from学到很多
⑤ say goodbye to说再见
[高分句型]
①How time flies! （感叹句）
②It has been three years since I came to the school.（时间状语从句）
③There are many beautiful flowers and trees.（there be句型）
④Whenever we meet with difficulties, they always come to help us.（让步状语从句）
⑤I have learnt a lot from them and made a lot of friends during the past three years.（并列句）
⑥I’ll never forget the happy time that we spent together. （限制性定语从句）