高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 6 Survival精品课时训练

这是一份高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 6 Survival精品课时训练，共20页。

选择性必修第二册练习
Unit 6 Survival
Developing ideas, Presenting ideas & reflection

Ⅰ.单句填空
1.Today we have many choices of communication through　　　　　(advance) technology. 
2.A committee 　　　　　(consist) of 12 members has been sent there to look into the matter. 
3.The English lesson started with a song and 　　　　　(end)in reading a story in the textbook. 
4.There is no doubt 　　　　　the environment is being polluted by human beings. 
5.An important step for developing countries towards developed ones is 　　　　　(wipe) out poverty. 
6.We hope that you could succeed in 　　　　　(persuade) him to change his mind. 

Ⅱ.短语填空
prepare for;make efforts;in the meantime;dream of;be exposed to;end in failure
1.Seeing the nurses well　　　　　the operation, the professor nodded with satisfaction. 
2.Young people may risk going deaf if they 　　　　　very loud music every day. 
3.However,no matter what I do,my efforts to lose weight always 　　　　　. 
4.They had a pleasant negotiation. 　　　　　some agreements are being signed between the two countries 
5.I think it is whether you’ll 　　　　　that matters in your work,not your backgrounds or your appearance. 
6.I used to 　　　　　playing professional football and possibly representing my country in the World Cup. 
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.工人们对他能否在短时间内完成这项任务有一定的怀疑。
　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　among the workers as to　　　　　 he could finish the task in a short time. 
2.每天都有许多游客在这座塔前拍照,最早可以追溯到20世纪80年代。
Every day a number of tourists take pictures in front of the tower,dating back to　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 
3.温哥华除了附近相对近的最受欢迎的荒原和滑雪胜地之外,它还有绝佳的风景。
Vancouver has superb scenery,in addition to　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the most popular wilderness and ski areas. 
4.我用室内植物做了一个实验,我把一块2英寸见方的硬纸板贴在植物的叶子上。
I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　a house plant.I attached a 2-inch square of cardboard to a leaf on the plant. 
5.我能和她分享我们的旅行经历,或者是任何我们之间有共同点的东西。
I can share with her our travelling experiences or whatever we 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 
IV. 阅读理解
A
It was the 9th day of Wuhan lockdown (封锁) starting on January 23. My parents left because they had been running fever for several days and they were showing other symptoms of COVID- 19.
The virus, COVID- 19, is somehow fearsome because it does not discriminate (区别 对待) in choosing who it infects (感 染). And if the older people were infected, the situation could be worse, so I was wondering whether my parents would make it.
On the second day, my parents called and asked me how I was. We talked using Facetime, and the moment I saw mom lying there with an oxygen mask and my dad could not talk without breathing heavily, I realized that I had to live on my own.
But two weeks later, I got a fever and had to go into quarantine (隔离) to be Observed(观察) for 14 days. Fortunately, my illness turned out to be not COVID- 19.      Everything there was busy, and there seemed to be a shortage of medical staff and Materials (材料) were in short supply. Even though the doctors and nurses were covered from head to toe, I could see how tired they were when I looked into their bloodshot eyes.
Most of the patients were really understanding, but of course there were those who were not, and complained (抱怨) loudly, but all the doctors and nurses tried their best to deal with it in a calming way.
When the quarantine was over, every patient thanked the workers for what they had done, but the answer they received was exactly the same: "That's what we're here for."
1.When did the author's parents leave her for the hospital?
A.January 23.
B.January 30.
C.January 31.
D.February 2.
2.What does the underlined phrase "make it" in Paragraph 2 mean?
A.Succeed.
B.Join in.
C.Arrive.
D.Live through.
3.What can we learn according to the passage?
A.Both the author and her parents got infected with COVID- 19.
B.Not all the patients understood the doctors and nurses.
C.The patients were too tired.
D.The virus infects the older more easily.
4.What may the author think of the medical workers according to the passage?
A.Respectable.
B.Outgoing.
C.Impatient.
D.Calm.
B
The government of India has announced that it will replace the single-use plastic cups used for tea in 7, 000 train stations around the country with traditional clay cups called kulhads. This will reduce the amount of waste thrown away every day, thus helping further the government's goal of making India free from single-use plastics, and it will provide much-needed employment for two million potters. 
Jaya Jaitly, a politician and handicrafts expert, has advocated since the early 1990s for clay cups to be reintroduced in train stations. She explained that employing potters to provide these cups was a way to support them at a time when they lost jobs due to "new Internet technology. "
It is reported that a potter's average monthly income will increase from $34 to $135 a month. The government is distributing electric wheels to those who do not have them and funding a switch from wood-fueled to gas-fueled kilns(窑炉)in villages that already have gas devices for cooking. Jaitly said this would reduce smoke pollution. 
She also said that one reason why earlier efforts to reintroduce kulhads failed was that the government was unwilling to accept non-standardized sizes and shapes of cups. This time they will have to accept it because the handmade pieces cannot possibly be the same, particularly with production being so scattered(分散). Variation in appearance is a small price to pay for the environmental benefits. 
This is happy, hopeful news from India, a country that has long struggled to deal with plastic waste, partly because of its huge population and inadequate waste processing infrastructure across vast rural regions. This policy is an excellent example of getting at the root cause of a problem and fixing it, rather than just trying to clean up the mess afterward. To use the bathtub metaphor(比喻) that's commonly cited when talking about plastic pollution, this is like turning off the plastic-producing tap, instead of wasting time trying to mop up the overflow, wishing it would go away. 
1.What is special about the policy announced by Indian government?
A.It promotes awareness of traffic issues.
B.It collects enough revenue to fight poverty.
C.It promises to be eco-friendly and favorable.
D.It rids India of the long-term unemployment.
2.What can we learn from Paragraph 2?
A.Jaya Jaitly is a short-sighted politician and economist.
B.Advances in Internet technology cost potters their jobs.
C.Clay cups were first introduced in Indian railway stations.
D.Potters were employed at stations to get financial support.
3.What effort does the government make for the potters?
A.It raises their monthly income.
B.It offers new cooking devices to them.
C.It standardizes the size of clay cups for them.
D.It provides funds for them to upgrade their devices.
4.Which of the following is similar to the bathtub metaphor?
A.Put the cart before the horse.
B.Treat the foot when the foot hurts.
C.Stop the boiling by taking off the fire.
D.Kill the goose that lays the golden eggs.
C
The number of birds in North America has declined by almost 3 billion since 1970, according to a study published in Science. The researchers estimated changes in the populations of 529 species using long-term bird-monitoring databases. Those data showed that the number of individual birds across all of those species had decreased by 29 percent, from around 10 billion in 1970 to just over 7 billion in 2017.
"The data they used provide probably the best long-term, large information on species abundances for any group of animals or plants anywhere in the world," Natalie Wright, a bird biologist tells The Atlantic. "There's always uncertainty, but if they are wrong, they are likely underestimating the size of population declines."
The team also examined 10 years' worth of data from a network of 143 weather radars, which pick up bird migrations, and found a reduction in migratory biomass of about 14 percent since 2007. "Two completely different and independent monitoring techniques thus signal major population loss across the continent," the authors wrote in their paper.
The results are particularly concerning because many of the species showing declines are not considered rare or in danger, but are almost everywhere and potentially act as important contributors to food webs and ecosystem function. More than 90 percent of the loss in abundance in the survey data was due to declines in 12 families, including sparrows and blackbirds. Some other species, including many ducks, instead showed increases in abundance—possibly as a result of focused conservation efforts in recent years.
The findings should be a wake-up call. Many of the birds studied spend time in multiple countries within and beyond North America. What our birds need now is a historic, global effort that unites people and organizations with one common goal: bringing our birds back.
1.How does the first paragraph show the bird reduction?
A.By comparing figures.
B.By listing some examples.
C.By using experts' words.
D.By doing experiments.
2.What can we infer about the function of the data according to Natalie Wright?
A.It's wrong.
B.It's formal.
C.It's helpful.
D.It's useless.
3.Which of the following is particularly worrying?
A.The focus of conservation efforts has turned out wrong.
B.Some ducks are likely to lose their ecosystem function.
C.Few species across the continent show the increase.
D.The population of widespread species is declining.
4.What is the author's purpose in writing the text?
A.To point out the importance of raising birds.
B.To call on people to work together to bring birds back.
C.To analyze the concerning results of long-term research.
D.To inform people of the dangers many species are facing.
V. 任务型阅读
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Deal with Being Indoors During an Earthquake
Would you know what to do if you are indoors during an earthquake?46.      
Stay indoors. Do not move outside. Many modern buildings made of RCC (Reinforced Cement Concrete) are designed to withstand moderate earthquakes and are actually quite safe.47.      Going outside is dangerous when people get injured from things falling off the building or other buildings.
48.      Drop before the earthquake drops you. Use the" Drop, Cover and Hold" method—drop onto the ground, take cover under a strong and sturdy object and cover your head with your hands and arms. Hold onto whatever you might be underneath, because if it starts to move, you'll want to make sure that you're moving with it.
Get under something heavy.49.       lf possible, get under something heavy like a desk or table. Cover your head. Get down low and make sure that you are protected from things that might be falling in your home.
Find other supports if you cannot shelter under something. If you're not able to get under a table or other forms of protection，get next to an interior wall. Make yourself as small as possible. Cover your head and protect yourself while the shaking is going on.
Stay in bed if you are there already. If an earthquake starts while you are in bed，the best thing is to stay there. Cover your head and neck with your pillow and ride out the shaking.50.      lt has been reported that people who get out of bed during an earthquake are more likely to be injured as they may step on broken glass.
A. Drop onto the ground.
B. Find a heavy desk quickly.
C. Earthquakes lead to many disasters.
D. Do not get out of bed until the shaking stops.
E. The following suggestions can help you deal with the problem.
F. lt is unlikely that you will be able to walk during an earthquake.
G. Steps and lifts are actually more dangerous than staying indoors.
VI. 完形填空
In 1994, the Brazilian photographer Salgado went back to his homeland in Minas Gerais, Brazil. He was   86   to see the land run by his family. The thick forest there was once a paradise (乐园) for him and his friends, bringing them    87    memories.
To his horror, he saw a totally different    88   . Only 0. 5% of the land was covered with trees. "The land was as sick as a serious patient—everything was    89    due to deforestation (砍伐森林)," Salgado said    90    during a meeting on climate change in Paris.
Salgado    91    that he should do something about it. Then he    92    the bold idea of replanting trees on the land, which beyond his expectations, received    93    from his wife and relatives. Soon the whole family    94    and the results are remarkable.    95   , the land is changing: It is carpeted with green trees again and some of the insects, birds and animals living in the land before    96   . The land has been brought back to life. The    97    family's hard work also impressed people around them. They    98    cutting down trees and began to protect the environment.
"The work over the years is quite difficult but well worth the    99    and I think every little bit of work    100   ," said Salgado. Therefore, everyone should play a part in protecting the environment.
86. A. sorry
B. ready
C. eager
D. willing
87. A. wonderful
B. embarrassing
C. painful
D. complex
88. A. direction
B. atmosphere
C. plan
D. sight
89. A. disturbed
B. destroyed
C. prohibited
D. abandoned
90. A. calmly
B. nervously
C. sadly
D. lightly
91. A. admitted
B. realized
C. agreed
D. proved
92. A. thought up
B. laughed at
C. turned down
D. tried out
93. A. doubts
B. permission
C. suggestions
D. support
94. A. backed off
B. broke up
C. took action
D. got through
95. A. Suddenly
B. Eventually
C. Gradually
D. Generally
96. A. escaped
B. returned
C. approached
D. died
97. A. kind
B. brave
C. devoted
D. considerate
98. A. forgot
B. stopped
C. delayed
D. missed
99. A. comment
B. promise
C. offer
D. effort
100. A. increases
B. matches
C. improves
D. matters
VII. 语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。
    A study, ________ (lead) by the University of St. Andrews, found a balanced and healthy lifestyle, including becoming fitter, having less stress and sleeping ________ (long) all gave skin a more healthy-looking colour.
    Previous ________ (study) have linked improvements in skin colour to a good diet but the latest study also examined ________relationship between general health and skin colour.
    They measured skin colour with a device that recorded how a rainbow of colours was reflected from the skin and found that both high ________(fit) and low body fat were associated with a higher skin yellowness.
    The research team also assessed whether a change in health changed skin appearance. They ________ (follow) 59 students from sports clubs to measure the training effect ________ their skin.
    They found those ________ became healthier or lost body fat showed an increase in skin yellowness. Scientists concluded that exercise and healthy eating were low-cost ways of improving your skin. Any effort ________ (improve) lifestyle would benefit the skin within a ________ (relative) short time.
VIII. 书面表达
1.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
One snowy day, the winds grew stronger and the snow turned into a blinding snowstorm. A farmer sat down to relax before the fire for the evening. Then he heard a loud knock, something hitting against the window. He looked outside but could not see anything. So he went outside for a better view. In the field near his house he saw, of all the strangest things, a group of swans.
They were apparently flying to look for a warmer area down south, but they had been caught in the snowstorm. The storm had become too blinding and violent for the swans to fly or see their way. They were trapped on his farm, with no food or shelter, unable to do more than wave their wings and fly in aimless circles. He had sympathy for them and wanted to help them.
He thought to himself, the barn (谷仓) would be a great place for them to stay. It was warm and safe; surely they could spend the night and wait out the storm. So he opened the barn doors for them. He waited, watching them, hoping they would notice the open barn and go inside.
However, they did not notice the barn or realize what it could mean for them. He moved closer toward them to get their attention, but they just moved away from him out of fear. He went into the house and came back with some bread, broke it up, and made a bread trail to the barn. They still did not catch on.
Starting to get frustrated, he went over and tried to drive them toward the barn. They panicked and scattered into every direction except toward the barn. Nothing he did could get them to go into the barn where there was warmth, safety, and shelter. Feeling totally puzzled, he exclaimed, "Why don't they follow me? Can't they see this is the only place where they can survive the storm? How can I possibly get them into the one place to save them?"
注意：
1）所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2）应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3）续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4）续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
He thought for a moment and realized that they just would not follow a human. Paragraph 2：
Just then, a good idea occurred to his mind. _
2.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。续写的词数应为150词 左右。
Carter enjoyed riding the school bus home. The ride home gave him some time to relax after a busy day of fifth grade. He usually sat alone, and he enjoyed that too. With four siblings (兄弟姐妹) he didn't get much alone time.
The bus stopped and the tallest boy in his class, Dexter Fisher, stepped off followed by his younger brother, Billy. Their house was the last stop before Carter's house. As the bus pulled away, Carter looked back over his shoulder to watch the boys. Dexter was yelling and waving his hands at his little brother. Billy said something Carter could not hear. Dexter yelled something and gave his younger brother a hard shove (猛推) and knocked him to the ground.
Carter leaned toward the window to get a better view. Billy was still on the ground and Dexter was walking away. Carter watched as Billy wiped at his eyes. The poor kid was crying.
Carter turned in his seat. He felt nauseous (恶心的). He hated seeing little kids get picked on. It just wasn't right. The sight of Billy on the ground crying was burned into his memory. He tried to think of something else.
He thought of the model car he was working on at home, a 1967 Corvette. He started building it over a week ago and just finished putting it together last night. Tonight, as soon as he finished his homework, he could start painting the car. That was his favorite part. He already had the perfect color of blue picked out.
He hurried off the bus, ran through his yard, and breezed through the kitchen with a quick hello to his mom. She was making spaghetti. His favorite. It smelled delicious.
He ran up the stairs two at a time and rushed into his room.
"Surprise!" his brother Jackson said, throwing his arms into the air.
Carter looked down at his desk in horror. His Corvette! Jackson had painted it red. An awful dull shade of red that didn't look good on a car at all. Like the color of Dad's tractor!
注意：
1）续写词数应为150左右；
2）续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
Carter's heart started to beat faster while his breath was coming faster too.
……
After hearing what Jackson explained, Carter felt really guilty.










答案解析

I
advanced
consisting
ended
that
to wipe
persuading
II
prepared for
are exposed to
end in failure
In the meantime
make efforts
dream of
III

There was a certain doubt;whether
as early as the 1980s
being relatively close to
made an experiment with
have in common


IV
1【答案】 CDBA
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在武汉疫情期间，父母被感染，本人也因发烧而被隔离，期间受到医护人员的照顾，对医护人员的敬业精神感到由衷的敬佩。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
1.考查细节理解。根据第一段“It was the 9th day of Wuhan lockdown (锁) starting on January 23. My parents left because they had been running fever for several days and they were showing other symptoms of COVID-19.”这是武汉自1月23日起实施的第9天封锁，我的父母离开了，因为他们已经发烧好几天了，而且还出现了 COVID-19 的其他症状。可知，武汉封城于1月23日，作者的父母离开去住院是在封城的第9天，应该是1月31日。故选C。
2.考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“And if the older people were infected, the situation could be worse, so I was wondering whether my parents would make it.”如果老年人被感染，情况可能会更糟，所以我想知道父母是否能挺过去。可知，如果老人被感染，情况可能会更糟糕。可推知，划线词组在此意方“活下来”。故选D。
3.考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“Most of the patients were really understanding, but of course there were those who were not, and complained loudly, but all the doctors and nurses tried their best to deal with it in a calming way.”大多数病人都很理解，当然也有不理解的，大声抱怨，但所有的医生和护士都尽力以平静的方式处理。可知，并不是所有的病人都理解医生和护士。故选B。
4.考查推理判断。根据第五段“Most of the patients were really understanding, but of course there were those who were not, and complained（抱怨） loudly, but all the doctors and murses tried their best to deal with it in a calming way.”大多数病人都很理解，当然也有不理解的，大声抱怨，但所有的医生和护士都尽力以平静的方式处理；以及最后一段“When the quarantine was over, every patient thanked the workers for what they had done, but the answer they received was exactly the same:‘That's what we're here for.’”检疫结束后，每个病人都感谢工作人员为他们所做的一切，但他们得到的回答却是完全一样的：“这就是我们来这里的目的。”可知，作者对这些医护人员是由衷的敬佩。故选A。
B【答案】 CBDC
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，印度政府宣布，将在全国7000个火车站用传统的kulhads粘土杯代替一次性塑料杯喝茶。该政策既有助于环保又有利于工人就业。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
1.考查推理判断。根据第一段“The government of India has announced that it will  replace  the  single-use plastic cups used for tea in 7, 000 train stations around the country with  traditional clay cups called kulhads. This will reduce the amount of waste thrown away every day, thus helping further the government's goal of making India free from single-use plastics, and it will provide much-needed employment for two million potters. ”印度政府宣布，将在全国7000个火车站用传统的kulhads粘土杯代替一次性塑料杯喝茶。这将减少每天扔掉的垃圾数量，从而有助于进一步实现政府让印度摆脱一次性塑料的目标，并将为200万陶工提供急需的就业机会。可推知，该政策的特殊之处在于它既有助于环保又有利于工人就业。故选C。
2.考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“employing potters to provide these cups was a way to  support  them  at a time  when they lost jobs due to ‘new Internet technology. '”陶工们由于网络技术而失去了工作。而雇佣陶工提供这些杯子是支持他们的一种方式。可知，互联网技术的进步让陶工们失去了工作。故选B。
3.考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“It is reported that a potter's average monthly income will  increase  from  $34 to $135 a month. The government is distributing electric wheels to  those who do not have them and funding a switch from wood-fueled to gas-fueled kilns  in villages that already have gas devices for cooking. ”陶工的平均月收入将从每月34美元增加到135美元。政府正在向那些没有电动车轮的人分发电动车轮，并资助那些已经有燃气做饭设备的村庄将以木柴为燃料的窑炉改为以天然气为燃料的窑炉。可知，政府为陶工们提供资金升级他们的设备。故选D。
4.考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“This policy is an excellent example of getting at the root cause of a problem and fixing it, rather than just trying to clean up the mess afterward. To use the bathtub metaphor(比喻) that's commonly cited when talking about plastic pollution, this is like turning off the plastic-producing tap, instead of wasting time trying to mop up the overflow, wishing it would go away. ”这个政策是一个很好的例子，它能找到问题的根源并解决它，而不仅仅是试图在事后收拾残局。在谈论塑料污染时，我们经常引用浴缸的比喻，这就像关掉生产塑料的水龙头，而不是浪费时间试图清理溢出的塑料，希望它会消失。可知，浴缸的比喻表达的是“从根本上解决问题”的思想。C选项“釜底抽薪”也表达此意。故选C。
C【答案】 .ACDB
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者通过数据对比的方式向读者讲述鸟类数量逐渐减少的现象，从而号召人们努力合作挽救鸟类减少这一局面。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
1.考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Those data showed that the number of individual birds across all of those species had decreased by 29 percent, from around 10 billion in 1970 to just over 7 billion in 2017.”这些数据显示，所有这些物种的鸟类个体数量减少了29%，从1970年的约100亿只减少到2017年的略多于70亿只。可知，第一段是通过对比1970年和2017年鸟类个体的数量来表明鸟类的减少的。故选A。
2.考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“The data they used provide probably the best long-term, large information on species abundances for any group of animals or plants anywhere in the world.”他们使用的数据可能提供了关于世界上任何地方的任何动物或植物群体的物种丰度的最好的长期、大量信息。可推断，这些数据对于人类了解物种的丰富程度具有很大的帮助。故选C。
3.考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“The results are particularly concerning because many of the species showing declines are not considered rare or in danger, but are almost everywhere and potentially act as important contributors to food webs and ecosystem function.”这一结果尤其令人担忧，因为许多数量减少的物种并不被认为是稀有或危险的，而是几乎无处不在，而且可能对食物网和生态系统功能起到重要的贡献作用。可知，一些作用重要且广泛分布的物种的数量也在减少，这是最令人担忧的。故选D。
4.考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“The findings should be a wake-up call.”这些发现应该是一个警钟；以及“bringing our birds back”把我们的鸟带回来。可推断出，作者在文章中指出许多物种数量减少的现象是为了号召人们一起合作，努力挽救鸟类，从而挽回鸟类数量逐渐减少的局面。故选B。
V【答案】 E；G；A；F；D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了地震时待在室内该如何应对的建议。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
46.根据空前“Would you know what to do if you are indoors during an earthquake?”你知道地震时如果你在室内该怎么做吗？）”可知此处内容与介绍地震时在室内的建议有关，E. The following suggestions can help you deal with the problem.“以下建议可以帮助您解决此问题。”符合语境，故选E。
47.根据空前“Many modern buildings made of RCC（Reinforced Cement Concrete）are designed to withstand moderate earthquakes and are actually quite safe．”许多现代建筑由RCC（钢筋水泥混凝土）所建造，能够承受中等强度的地震，实际上是相当安全的；以及空后“Going outside is dangerous when people get injured from things falling off the building or other buildings．”当人们被从建筑物或其他建筑物上掉落的东西弄伤时，外出是危险的。可知此处内容说明比较之下待在室内更安全，G. Steps and lifts are actually more dangerous than staying indoors.“楼梯和电梯实际上比待在室内更危险。”符合语境。故选G。
48.根据空后“Drop before the earthquake drops you．Use the‘Drop，Cover and Hold' method—drop onto the ground，take cover under a strong and sturdy object and cover your head with your hands and arms．”在地震将你击倒之前蹲下。使用“蹲下，掩护和抓住”的方法——蹲下，在一个坚固的物体下寻找掩护，用手和胳膊盖住头部。可知此处内容与采用蹲在地上的方法保护自己有关，A. Drop onto the ground.“蹲在地上。”符合语境，故选A。
49.根据空后“If possible，get under something heavy like a desk or table．”如果可能的话，躲到像书桌或桌子这样的重物下面。可知此处内容与地震时不能走路而是应该躲在重物之下保护自己有关，F. lt is unlikely that you will be able to walk during an earthquake.“地震时你是不可能走路的。”符合语境，故选F。
50.根据空后“It has been reported that people who get out of bed during an earthquake are more likely to be injured as they may step on broken glass．”据报道，地震时从床上起来的人更容易受伤，因为他们可能会踩到碎玻璃。可知此处内容与建议地震时不要起床走动有关，D. Do not get out of bed until the shaking stops.“震动停止前不要起床。”符合语境，故选D。
VI【答案】 86.C；87.A；88.D；89.B；90.C；91.B；92.A；93.D；94.C；95.C；96.B；97.C；98.B；99.D；100.D；
【解析】【分析】讲述了Salgado意识到森林对气候变暖的重要性，并鼓动家里人种植树木，获得了成功，改变了被过度砍伐的土地，他的精神感染的周围的人。
【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读全文，了解文章大意，再仔细阅读选项，辨别词义，根据上下文提示选择适当的词，最后带入选项通读全文进行检查。
86.句意：他渴望看到他的家族经营的土地。A：sorry“抱歉的”；B：ready“准备好的”；C：eager“渴望的”；D：willing “乐意的”。根据下文“The thick forest there was once a paradise ( 乐园 ) for him and his friends, bringing them   2      memories.”可知他渴望看到他的家族经营的土地。故选C。
87.句意：茂密的森林曾经是他和他的朋友的天堂，给他们带来了美好的回忆。A：wonderful“美好的”；B：embarrassing“使人尴尬的”；C：painful“痛苦的”；D：complex “复杂的”。根据空前“The thick forest there was once a paradise ( 乐园 ) for him and his friends”可知茂密的森林给他们带来了美好的回忆。故选A。
88.句意：令他惊恐的是，他看到了一个完全不同的景象。A：direction“方向”；B：atmosphere“气氛”；C：plan“计划”；D：sight “景象”。根据下文“Only 0.5% of the land was covered with trees.”可知他看到了一个完全不同的景象。故选D。
89.句意：这片土地病入膏肓——由于森林砍伐，一切都被破坏了。A：disturbed“干扰”；B：destroyed“破坏”；C：prohibited“禁止”；D：abandoned “抛弃”。根据空后“due to deforestation”，可知这里意思是由于森林砍伐，一切都被破坏了。故选B。
90.句意：Salgado在巴黎举行的气候变化会议上悲伤地说。A：calmly“平静地”；B：nervously“紧张地”；C：sadly“悲伤地”；D：lightly “轻松地”。根据上文“The land was as sick as a serious patient — everything was   4      due to deforestation”，可知Salgado在巴黎举行的气候变化会议上悲伤地说。故选C。
91.句意：Salgado意识到他应该做点什么。A：admitted“承认”；B：realized“意识到”；C：agreed“同意”；D：proved “证明”。根据下文“Then he    7     the bold idea of replanting trees on the land, which beyond his expectations, received   8       from his wife and relatives.”可知这里意思是Salgado意识到他应该做点什么。故选B。
92.句意：后来，他想出了一个大胆的主意:在这片土地上重新植树，这出乎他的意料，得到了妻子和亲戚的支持。A：thought up“想出”；B：laughed at“嘲笑”；C：turned down“拒绝”；D：tried out“试验”。根据空后“the bold idea of replanting trees on the land”可知这里意思是他想出了一个大胆的主意。故选A。
93.句意：后来，他想出了一个大胆的主意:在这片土地上重新植树，这出乎他的意料，得到了妻子和亲戚的支持。A：doubts“怀疑”；B：permission“允许”；C：suggestions“建议”；D：support “支持”。根据下文“Soon the whole family    9       and the results are remarkable.”可知他得到了妻子和亲戚的支持。故选D。
94.句意：很快，整个家庭都采取了行动，效果显著。A：backed off“后退”；B：broke up“结束”；C：took action“采取行动”；D：got through “通过”。根据空后“and the results are remarkable”可知整个家庭都采取了行动。故选C。
95.句意：渐渐地，土地在变化。A：Suddenly“突然地”；B：Eventually“最后”；C：Gradually“渐渐地”；D：Generally “普遍地”。根据生活常识可知，土地发生变化是一个逐渐变化的过程。故选C。
96.句意：它再次被覆盖上了绿色的树，之前生活在这片土地上的一些昆虫，鸟类和动物也回来了。A：escaped“逃跑”；B：returned“返回”；C：approached“接近”；D：died“死亡”。根据下文“The land has been brought back to life.”可知之前生活在这片土地上的一些昆虫，鸟类和动物也回来了。故选B。
97.句意：有献身精神的这一家人的努力工作也感动了他们周围的人。A：kind“友好的”；B：brave“勇敢的”；C：devoted“有献身精神的”；D：considerate “考虑周到的”。Salgado一家人通过自己的努力，把荒野重新变成了绿地，这是有献身精神的一家人。故选C。
98.句意：他们停止砍伐树木，开始保护环境。A：forgot“忘记”；B：stopped“停止”；C：delayed“延迟”；D：missed “错过”。根据上文“The   12      family's hard work also impressed people around them.”可知他们停止砍伐树木，开始保护环境。故选B。
99.句意：Salgado说：“多年来的工作非常困难，但值得努力，我认为每一点工作都很重要。”A：comment“评论”；B：promise“许诺”；C：offer“提供”；D：effort “努力”。根据上文“The   12      family's hard work also impressed people around them.”可知Salgado一家为这项工作付出了辛苦的努力。故选D。
100.句意：Salgado说：“多年来的工作非常困难，但值得努力，我认为每一点工作都很重要。”A：increases“增加”；B：matches“匹配”；C：improves“改善”；D：matters “要紧”。根据下文“Therefore, everyone should play a part in protecting the environment.”可知这里意思是我认为每一点工作都很重要。故选D。
VII. 语法填空
【答案】 led；longer；studies；the；fitness；followed；on；who；to improve；relatively
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，最近的一项研究了肤色和健康状况之间的关系。该研究发现任何改善生活方式的努力都会对肤色有益。
（1）考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语study和lead之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填led。
（2）考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词sleep，再结合上文的fitter和less判断此处应用比较级，故填longer。
（3）考查名词。此处应用名词作为句子主语，由are判断主语是复数名词，故填studies。
（4）考查冠词。句意：之前的研究把良好的饮食和肤色的改善联系在一起，但最新的研究也调查了健康和肤色之间是关系。根据句意可知，此处特指健康和肤色之间是关系，应用定冠词，故填the。
（5）考查名词。分析句子可知，此处应填名词和下文的fat共同作为句子主语，“健康”不可数，故填fitness。
（6）考查时态。根据上文的assessed判断为一般过去时，故填followed。
（7）考查介词。effect on固定短语，“对……的影响”，故填on。
（8）考查定语从句。此处是定语从句关系词，指代人的先行词those在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词who，故填who。
（9）考查非谓语动词。句意：任何改善生活方式的努力都会在相对短的时间里对皮肤有好处。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处应用不定式作为名词effort的后置定语，effort to improve lifestyle“改善生活方式的努力”，故填to improve。
（10）考查副词。此处应用副词修饰形容词short，故填relatively。
【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，副词，名词，冠词，时态，介词，定语从句等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
 
VIII. 书面表达
【参考范文】
1. Paragraph1：
He thought for a moment and realized that they just would not follow a human. He said to himself, "How can I possibly prevent them from snow? The only way would be for me become like those swans. If only I could become one of them. Then I could save them. They would follow me and I would lead them to safety." He realized that was clear that these swans were afraid of human beings and every time he got close to them they would fly away. He was frustrated, but he thought he should come up with a good idea.
Paragraph2：
Just then, a good idea occurred to his mind. He thought of his geese he raised on his farm. After all, they were relatives. Maybe they were much easier to get along with. He rushed to his geese and drove them to the front of the barn. Then he went back to his house observing through the window. The cold soon drove his geese into the barn, followed by the swans. His method worked! The swans were safe now!
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了在一场暴风雪中，一群天鹅失去了方向，被困在了一个农夫的农场。农夫十分同情它们，想让它们进入自己的谷仓度过暴风雪。但是天鹅因为害怕人类而不愿意进入谷仓。农夫用了很多办法都没有成功。最后他想到让自己的大鹅在谷仓前面，引领天鹅们进去，这个方法成功了，天鹅们安全了。续写第一段开头为：他想了想，意识到他们只是不会跟随人类。......后面应该描写农夫怎样想办法让引领天鹅们进入谷仓。续写第二段开头为：就在这时，他的脑海里突然冒出一个好主意。 ......后面应该写农夫用此办法让农场里的大鹅引领天鹅们进入谷仓。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：If only I could become one of them. 运用了if only...固定句式；They would follow me and I would lead them to safety.运用了并列句； He realized that it was clear that these swans were afraid of human beings and every time he got close to them they would fly away. 运用了宾语从句，主语从句，并列句，时间状语从句；He was frustrated, but he thought he should come up with a good idea.运用了转折并列句，宾语从句； Then he went back to his house observing through the window.运用了现在分词作状语； The cold soon drove his geese into the barn, followed by the swans. 运用了过去分词作状语。
2. Carter's heart started to beat faster while his breath was coming faster too. "Why would you do that?" Carter couldn't help curling his hands into fists and shouted at the top of his lungs. "I wanted to surprise you!" Jackson replied with tears brimming in his eyes. Then Jackson was trying to say something, but Carter was so angry that he couldn't even hear. "What?" he snapped. Jackson stammered to explain that it was all his fault and he just wanted to send Carter a unique present since Carter's birthday was approaching.
After hearing what Jackson explained. Carter felt really guilty. Carter took a deep breath and went on to look at his brother. Red paint was smeared across his brother's cheek, forehead and even hair. Seeing this, Carter knew that his brother was horrible at painting. Besides, Carter remembered Billy Fisher sitting on the ground wiping at his eyes as his big brother Dexter walked away. Carter stepped toward Jackson, "This car is special to me. Every time I look at it, I'm going to think of you." An enormous smile stretched across both Carter's and Jackson's face. Nothing is more precious than a surprise from brother.
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了主人公Carter在一次乘校车回家的路上，看到同班同学Dexter将自己的弟弟Billy打倒在地之后转身离去，这一幕给Carter留下了深刻的印象，他很同情Billy，同时也很讨厌Dexter的行为。后来他想起自己未完成的汽车模型，他急匆匆跑回家，想等完成作业后继续给模型涂上喜欢的蓝色，令他没想到的是，等他回到自己的房间，发现弟弟已经把他的汽车模型涂上了令他讨厌的红色。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“Carter的心跳开始加快，他的呼吸也加快了。”可知，第一段可描写Carter暴怒之后的剧烈反应，又由第二段句首内容“听完Jackson的解释后。”可知，本段还可以写Jackson为自己的行为解释原因。②由第二段首句内容“听完Jackson的解释后。Carter感到很内疚。”可知，第二段可描写Carter联想到Dexter将自己的弟弟Billy打倒在地之后转身离去的那一幕之后对自己的弟弟Jackson变得友好。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如： "I wanted to surprise you!" Jackson replied with tears brimming in his eyes. 运用了with的复合结构；Then Jackson was trying to say something, but Carter was so angry that he couldn't even hear.运用了转折并列句，结果状语从句； Jackson stammered to explain that it was all his fault and he just wanted to send Carter a unique present since Carter's birthday was approaching.运用了并列句，宾语从句，原因状语从句； Red paint was smeared across his brother's cheek, forehead and even hair. 运用了被动语态；Seeing this, Carter knew that his brother was horrible at painting. 运用了宾语从句；Besides, Carter remembered Billy Fisher sitting on the ground wiping at his eyes as his big brother Dexter walked away. 运用了宾语从句，时间状语从句； Every time I look at it, I'm going to think of you.运用了时间状语从句； Nothing is more precious than a surprise from brother.运用了比较状语从句。