专题12 7BU4-备战2024年初中英语中考单元知识点一遍过（牛津译林版）

这是一份专题12 7BU4-备战2024年初中英语中考单元知识点一遍过（牛津译林版），共18页。试卷主要包含了山间有条小径， Dn’t be afraid， 方向表达， be far frm … ， a trip t the z等内容，欢迎下载使用。
 7BU4-牛津译林版初中英语单元知识点一遍过
（江苏专用）
过单词短语



Welcome
1跟着我。 Follow me./ Come with me.
follow sb. to do sth.
 follow ---- following    adj.
 eg. the following questions  = the questions below下列问题
      the follwing days      接下来的日子

2. be sure of / about sth.
 Are you sure about your choice (选择)?
be sure to do …  . be sure that …
I ‘m sure to go to your birthday party tonight.
=I’m sure (that) I’ll go to your birthday party tonight.

3.山间有条小径。 There is a path between hills.
between meals/ classes between A and B

4. go down here   从这儿下去----
go up here    从这儿上去
go upstairs/ downstairs上楼、下楼

5. Don’t be afraid.
  be afraid of sth. /doing sth.
I’m afraid of snakes. Is he afraid of swimming?
  be afraid to do …
  be afraid that … I’m afraid I can’t.
I am afraid so/not.  恐怕是的。/ 恐怕不是的。

6. I think we have to go up again.我认为我们得再上去
I don’t think you’re right.（否定前移）
have to do sth. 不得不……;得……

7. go on a trip = have a trip    进行一次旅行
go on a trip/ visit/ travel/ journey to…进行一次…...之旅 
go on a trip to Suzhou   进行一次苏州之旅
go for our class trip进行我们的学校旅行

8. 方向表达
(1) A is …of B      A 在B的……方向
Sunshine Zoo is north of Sunshine Middle school.
(2) A is in the...of B  (A在B内部……方位)
Jiangsu is in the east of China.江苏在中国的东部。  
(3)A is on the…of B  (A与B接壤)
  Russia is on the north of China.   俄罗斯在中国的北部。
(4) A is to the…of B  （A与B不接壤）
Japan is to the east of China.    日本在中国的东边。

9. be far (away) from … .
距离+away from …
My home is 3 kilometers away from my school.

10. get to+地点    到达某地
 reach+ 地点 到达某地
arrive at+小地点 /arrive in+大地点 到达某地
get/reach/arrive there/ here/ home  
get to /reach/arrive at school  
arrive 到达 When did you arrive yesterday?（只能用arrive不能用get to /reach）

Reading
1. a trip to the zoo
  the way to school
  the key to the door
  the answer to the question

2. Go straight on, and you’ll find the Panda House.
go straight on     一直走
Turn left, and to the west of the Lions Area, you’ll find the World of Birds.
Turn right, and to the east of the Monkey’s Forest, you’ll see the giraffes.
Cross the bridge, and you’ll see the elephants.= If you walk across the bridge, you’ll see the elephants.
Hurry up, or you’ll miss the early bus.= If you don’t hurry up, you’ll miss the early bus.

3. They like to eat bamboo and lie down all day long. 它们喜欢吃竹子和整天躺着。
Japan lies to the east of China. 日本位于中国的东边。
lie, lay躺，位于 lie, lied 撒谎 lie, lying
躺下lie down     躺在草地上 lie on the grass

4. all day long  = the whole day       整天
  all day and all night       整日整夜

5. come here to see him           来这儿看他

6. To the north of the Panda House, you’ll find the lions你将在熊猫之家的北边找到狮子。

7. walk along / down the street      沿着街道步行

8. Lions are the kings of the animal world.狮子是动物世界之王。

9. Remember that they are dangerous. 记得他们很危险。
remember (that)+句子 forget, stop
remember to do …        记得去做某事 （未做）
Remember to close the window when you leave
remember doing …      记得做过某事 （已经做过）
I remember closing the window when I leave.
be dangerous= be in danger(n.)
be safe= be out of danger

10. turn left / right      向左/右拐
  take the 2nd turning on the right = turn right at the 2nd turning   在第二个拐弯处右拐

11. make beautiful sounds   发出美妙的声音

12. when 的用法
   when   什么时候
   eg. When do you usually get up in the morning?  你通常什么时候起床？
   when  当……时候
I meet my teacher when I am in the supermarket.    当我在超市时我遇到了我的老师。

13. Monkeys’ Forest       .
Lions’ Area

14. Have a nice trip! =Have fun! = Enjoy yourselves!旅途愉快！

15. Monkeys are clever and funny. 猴子们聪明又搞笑。
fun --- funny
   Reading is fun.= It is fun to read.
    have fun doing …
   She is a funny girl.

16. They jump around and make people laugh. 他们跳来跳去逗人们笑。
jump / walk / swim/ look around    跳来跳去/四下走动/游来游去/环顾四周
make people laugh    使人们大笑
   laugh at …  嘲笑……

17. 长颈鹿相当高。 Giraffes are quite tall.
相当安静的一个小镇 quite a quiet town

18. 它们的长脖子帮助他们吃树叶。 leaf, leaves
Their long necks help them eat the leaves from trees.
help sb. with…/ (to) do sth.

19.桥的对面你能看到什么？一只大象站在那里。
What can you see across the bridge?
An elephant is standing over there.
(1) across 在……对面
(2) . across    (平面)穿过
cross = go across
   cross the bridge = go across the bridge  过桥  . 
walk across the road    步行过马路
(3) . through   （立体空间）穿过
.eg. swim across the river 游过河
  The sunshine shines through the window. 阳光透过窗户照耀着。
  I am not afraid to walk through the forest. 我不害怕步行穿过森林。

20. 大象的大耳朵像打开的扇子。 Elephants’ big ears are/look like open fans.
 open fans      adj.     打开的扇子
  The door is open.    adj.  门开着。
  Open the door.     vt.    开门。

21.I can hear birds sing every morning
(hear sb. do sth.)
Listen! Can you hear the birds singing?
(heat sb. doing sth.)
watch/ see/ hear/ notice sb. do/ doing sth.

22. all kinds of …    各种各样的……

23. start their visit     n.       开始他们的旅程
    visit the zoo     vt.   游览动物园

24. 反义疑问句
There are also birds, aren’t there?    那儿也有鸟，不是吗？
Your father is a teacher, isn’t he?   你的爸爸是教师，不是吗？
Tom likes football, doesn’t he?  汤姆喜欢足球，不是吗？

过语法



一、冠词的用法
冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词，不定冠词a/an常用来泛指某个人或物，定冠词the常用来指特定的某个人或物。
1、不定冠词a/an
a/an用在表示“一”的概念，但不强调数目概念。我们在第一次提到某人或某物时，如果是可数名词单数，常在其前加不定冠词a/an。“a/an + 单数名词”表示“一个……”或“某一……”。
(1) 表示“一个”，相当于one，指某人或某物
I have a new computer. 我有一台新电脑。
(2) 代表一类人或物
A knife is a tool for cutting with. 刀是切东西的工具。
(1) 用于一些习惯用语中。
a bit（一点）， a little（一点）， a few（几个）， a lot （许多）， a kind of（一种）， a pair of（一副、一双）， a number of（大量的）， a piece of （一张、一片）， half an hour（半小时）， have a good time（玩得开心）， have a cold（感冒）， make a noise（发出嘈杂声）， have/take a （rest等）（休息）一会儿，等等。

请牢记以下的例子：
In a university， a European united a one-eyed man to steal a useful thing,then ran away along a one-way road. This is a usual thing.
用于序数词前: a+序数词 表示“再一”“又一”
Eg：You will have to do it a second time. 你得再做一次。
I have three books，I want to buy a fourth one.我已经有三本书，我想再买一本。

2、定冠词the
(1) 定冠词the用在谈到之前提过的某人或某物前，或特指某(些)人或物，使其区别于同类的其他人或事物，相当于this，that，these，those，可以与可数名词连用，也可与不可数名词连用。
(2) 用于表示上文已提及的人或事物。
I have a new bike. The bike is a birthday present from my uncle.
我有一辆新自行车。这辆车是我叔叔送给我的生日礼物。
(3) 用于表示谈话双方都知道的人或事物。
He is waiting for me at the school gate. 他在学校门口等我。
(4) 用于序数词和最高级前。
This is the first time for me to visit Beijing. 这是我第一次去北京旅行。
Eddie wants to live next to the biggest restaurant in Beijing. 埃迪想住在北京最大的参观旁边。
(5) 用于世界上独一无二的事物前, 主要指the sun, the moon, the earth, the sky, the universe, the world等东西。
The Earth moves around the sun. 地球围绕太阳转。
(6) 用于方位名词前。
Jiangsu is in the east of China. 江苏位于中国东部。
(7)用于河流、海洋、山川、海岛、海峡、沙漠等专有名词前，以及用于由普通名词构成(或含有普通名词)的专有名词如国名、地名、团体、机构、党派、报纸、杂志、事件、建筑物等前。如：
the Yellow River 黄河 the Red Sea 红海
the Indian Ocean 印度洋 the Taiwan Straits 台湾海峡
the Great Cultural Revolution 文化大革命
(8) 用于乐器名词前。
He can’t play football, but he can play the violin. 他不会踢足球，但是他会拉小提琴。
(9) 与一些形容词连用，表示一类人，是复数概念。
the rich 富人 the poor 穷人 the wealthy 富人 the old 老人 the aged 老人 the young 年轻人
the sick 病人 the brave 勇敢的人 the weak 弱者 the strong 强者 the dead 死者 the blind 盲人
In China, the old live a happy life. 在中国，老人们过着幸福的生活。
(10) 用于姓氏的复数前，表示一家人，是复数概念。
The Greens are having afternoon tea at present. 此刻，格林一家正在喝下午茶。
(11)用于一些习惯用语中，如：
in the past 在过去 go to the cinema 看电影
in the end 最后 in the dark 在黑暗中，不知道
in the least 一点，丝毫 in the open 在野外
(12) 用于逢整十数词的复数前
定冠词有时可用于逢整十的复数数词前，表示世纪中的年代。
如：He moved to the south in the fifties. 他于50年代搬到了南方。
The war broke out in the 1980s. 战争爆发于20世纪80年代。

3、零冠词
(1) 专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前，一般不加冠词。如：
China , America, Smith 中国、美国、史密斯
(2)可数名词前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等限制时，不加冠词。如：
This dictionary is mine. 这个字典是我的
(3)季节、月份、星期、节日、假日、一日三餐名称前一般不加冠词。如：
March, May Day, National Day 三月、五一劳动节、国庆节
Did you have supper? 你吃午饭了吗？
Spring is the best season of the year. 春天是一年中最好的季节。
(4)学科名称、球类、棋类名称前不加冠词。如：
Do you study physics? 你学习物理吗？
He likes playing football/chess. 他喜欢踢足球/下象棋。
(5)复数名词表示泛指一类人或事物时前不用冠词。如：
They are workers. 他们是工人。
(6)在与by连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词。如：
They often go to school by bus. 他们经常坐公交车上学。
批注：in a car, on the bike, take a bus, on the train/ bus需注意。
(7)某些固定词组中不用冠词。
①名词词组中：husband and wife, brother and sister, body and soul, day and night, knife and fork
②介词词组中：to(at, from) school, in (to)class, in (to, at, from)university（college）,to（in, into, from）church, to(in, into, out of)prison(hospital, bed), to(at, from, out of)work, to(in, from) town, at (from)home, to(at)sea, at night(noon, midnight), by car (bus, bicycle, plane), on foot

语法单项练习：
1. — How was ________ dinner at Sandy’s house?  
— It was great. Sandy’s mum is ______ excellent cook. 
A. a, the B. the, an C. the, the D. a, an       
2.—What do you think of ______ idea of taking part in ‘Earth Hour’？
—Wonderful! I’ve never heard of ______ one! We can reduce pollution in this way.
A.  an; the better B. the; a better
C. an; a better D. the; the best
3.---Who's _______ woman in blue, do you know?
---Oh, she's _______ friend of Anna's.
A. the; a B. an; the C. a; the D. the; an
4.─ Has Tim got ______ first place in the race?
─ No, he hasn’t. But he will have ______ second try.
A. a; the B. the; the C. a, a D. the, a
5.The boy asked his mother whether France is ______ European country.
A. an B. / C. a D. the
6.— Do you know _______man in a brown sweater over there?
— Yes. He is ________ office worker of Haian Hotel.
A. an; a B. the; the C. a; the D. the; an
7.If you buy ________ MP4 player in our store, you can get a watch for ________ free.
A. a; / B. an; the C. an; / D. the; the
【答案】BBADCDC

二、方位介词
(1)表示地点的介词
1）at, in, on
at一般指小地方；in一般指大地方或某个范围之内；on往往表示“在某个物体的表面”。例如：
He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.
They arrived at a small village before dark.
There is a big hole in the wall.
The teacher put up a picture on the wall.

2） over, above, on，below，under
over, on和above都可表示“在……上面”，但具体含义不同。Over表示位置高于某物，在某物的正上方，其反义词是under。 above也表示位置高于某物，但不一定在正上方，其反义词是below。On指两个物体表面接触，一个在另一的上面。例如：
There is a bridge over the river.
We flew above the clouds.
They put some flowers on the teacher’s desk.

3）表示方位的in /on / to
in表示A地在B地范围之内.(包含关系)　　Taiwan is _in___ the southeast of China .
on表示A,B地接壤.(外切关系)　　Hubei is __on__ the north of Hunan .
to表示A,B两地有一定的间距.(外离关系)　　Japan is __to___ the east of China .

◆常用介词的用法辨析
(1) after和behind区别
after表示时间、位置之后
behind只表示位置之后
(2) between / among 在……之间
between :指两者之间. 在…….之间.
among :用于三者或三者以上人或物之间. 在……之中.
(3)on the tree /in the tree
on the tree 表示 “树上本身长的东西” 在树上.
in the tree 表示 “外界的物体进入树中” 人或物在树上.
(4) across / through / over / by 经过
across 指横穿,穿过. 表示从......表面上经过.
through 指穿过,透过,表示从某一物体空间内通过.
over 表示从某人或某物的上空经过或越过,不与表面接触.
by 表示从某人/某物的旁边经过.
Can you swim across the river ?
The elephant is so big that it can’ t go through the gate .
I don’ t think anyone can jump over the fence.
I walked by the bank of China yesterday .    
(5) for, to和towards的区别
for 常用在leave，start后，表示运动的方向和目的，如leave for Beijing
to 常用在go, come, return,move等词之后，如return to school
towards 意为“朝，向”，只是说明运动的方向，没有“到达”之意，如walk towards us
(6) in front of, in the front of
in front of 表示“在某人或某物的前面”，在某个范围以外，反义词behind；in the front of 表示“在……的前部”，在某个范围以内，反义短语“at the back of”。例如：
There are some tall trees in front of the building.
The teacher is sitting in the front of the classroom.
(7) beside, next to与near
Beside指“在......旁边/附近”，可等于near。Next to表“紧挨着，紧靠着”。
Come and sit beside/near me.
The pretty boy is standing next to the window.
(8) inside与outside
inside 在......里面
outside 在......外面

语法单项练习：
1. — Are you ready? We’ll go out for a picnic ____ three o’clock.
— OK! I’m coming.
A. in B. after C. for D. since
2. Facebook is one of the most popular websites in Britain ______ over twenty-five million users.
A. of B. for C. with D. by
3. It’s nice ____ Tom to tell me the news because it’s very important me.
A. for, of B of, to C. for, to D. of, of
4. Most people are ______ building a paper factory near here. They are worried that the river will get polluted.
A. for B. with C. against D. beyond
5. We live right here. Look! My uncle’s house is _________ ours.
A. in the front of B. in front of C. at the back of D.over
6.I like the pictures _____ the wall.
A. on B.in C.at D.to
【答案】BCB CBA


重难点训练


一、单项选择
( ) 1. There is ______ “u” and ___________ “l” in the word “umbrella”.
A. a, a B. an, an C. a, an D. an, a
( ) 2. The bus stopped ______ the traffic lights.
A. for B. on C. at D. in
( ) 3. No buses come past here . He has to _______there _______ his bicycle.
A. go to, by B. go, by C. go to , on D. go , on
( ) 4. _______ the second turning on the right.
A. Take B. Turn C. Walk D. Go
( ) 5. Would you like _______ a cup of tea?
    A. drink  B. to drink  C. drinking  D. to drinking
( ) 6. It my mother half an hour to the shopping mall.
A. spends; walking B. takes; to walk
C. spends; to walk D. takes; walking
( ) 7. We are looking forward ________ a film next week.
A. to see B. to seeing C. for seeing D. seeing
( ) 8. There _ a fashion show in Sunshine Secondary School next Friday evening.
A. is going to B. will have C. is going to have D. will be
( ) 9.You can get there _______ .
A. by underground B. take underground
C. by an underground D. take an underground
( ) 10. I don’t like this shirt. Would you please show me _______ one?
A. other B. the other C. the others D. another
( ) 11. Could you tell me ________ Sunshine Shopping Mall?
A. the way of B. how to go C. the way to D. how go to
( ) 12. Why _______ at home and watch TV?
A. don’t stay B. not staying C. don’t you stay D. not to stay
( ) 13. There’s _______ juice in the kitchen. Please go and buy some.
A. a little B. few C. much D. little
【答案】CCDAB BBDAD CCD

二、词汇拼写
1. There is always much (交通) on the city roads.
2. Our teacher told us that (声音)cannot travel as fast as light.
3. Jim sits in the (角) of the classroom, on the right side.
4.I am lucky to have a bedroom of my ____________(我自己).
5.Sunshine school is （西南）of the park
6. I’m happy to____________ (邀请) you to our party.
7. The (桥梁) make people cross the rivers easily.
8.You can take the (第三) turning on your right.
9.Look! Who (躺) on the grass over there?
10. The light is red. You can't (过) the road.
11. Shanghai is to the （东南）of Nanjing.
12. It’s easy to get lost in the （森林）, there are too many tall trees in it.
13. We were very tired after the long bus （旅游） to Yunnan.
14. The boy wants to be a （国王） when he grows up.
15. Is there （足够的）of food in the fridge?
16.He often walks (经过) my house when he goes home .
17. ---Is_____________ (人人)here ? --- No, Tom is ill at home.
18. It's (相当) cold in winter in my hometown.
19. _____________(长颈鹿) are lovely and kind animals with long necks.
20. Don't ____________ (忘记)to call your mother, she is worrying about you .
21.Linda stayed up late and _______（准备） herself for the math exam last night.
22. You need to use your knowledge(知识) to open the (宝藏) box.
23. ____________ (跟随)the teacher in class, or you won’t be good at your lessons.
24.Walk past the house, turn left, walk along the （小路）near the river.
25. He is good at telling funny stories and always makes his grandpa _________（大笑） happily.
26. —What are you looking forward to ___________（得到）, Sandy? — A lovely Barbie.
27. It is ___________ （危险）for the girls to go out at night alone.
28. The ___________（树叶） turn yellow when autumn comes.
29. If you want to go to the cinema, turn right at the third _____________（十字路口）
30. Here are some beautiful skirts of ____________ （他们的）.
31. We all hope to have a_______（旅行）to Nanjing some day.
32. Most of the birds go to the (南部)to spend the cold winter.
33. Please ________（记住）to take everything. Maybe we will need them later.
34.An old friend of _________(我的) is coming to see me.
35. We feel sorry for those animals in_______（笼子）．
36. Just go_______（径直）along the road and you'll see the bookshop on your left.
37. I can buy some_______（明信片）in the shopping mall.
38. - Can you tell me the way to the_______（银行）?
- Yes, go along this street and you'll find it on your right
39. Look! The old man is_______（穿过）the road.
40. - What do pandas like to eat? - They like to eat _______（竹子）.
41. What a _____________ (有趣的)story you told ! We’d like to listen again.
42.Take the first ____________（转弯处） on the left, and you’ll find the post office .
43. ---Where’s the box? --- It’s under the ___________(第四) chair on your left.
44. Her dress is so beautiful. I want to buy one like ___________( 她的).
45. We want to paint all ___________ (凳子) green.
【答案】
1. traffic 2. sound 3. corner 4.own 5.south-west
6. invite 7. bridges 8.third 9.lying 10. cross
11.south-east 12.forest 13.trip 14. king 15. plenty
16.past 17. everyone 18. quite 19. giraffes 20. forget
21. prepared 22. treasure 23. Follow 24. path 25. laugh
26. getting 27. dangerous 28. leaves 29. crossing 30. theirs
31.trip 32.south 33.remember 34. mine 35.cages
36.straight 37.postcards 38.bank 39．crossing 40. bamboo
41.interesting 42. turning 43.fourth 44.hers 45. benches

三、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Everybody in our class (like) English.
2. My mother is sick. I have____________ (look) after her at home.
3. There are two ______________ (turn) on the right. You can take the first one.
4 .Mr Green leaves his office after (make) a telephone call.
5. _____________ (not worry) about me. I can do it well.
6 .How long does he make his son (play) the piano every day?
7 .Tommy likes to watch the goldfish (swim) around in the water.
8.Happy Camp (start) at about 8:00 every Saturday evening.
9. I enjoy ___________ (invite) my friends to come to my home?
10. Look at the sign. It (say) "No parking".
11. I live in a flat in ______ (nine) Street.
12. Where shall we_______ (meet) tomorrow morning?
13. Could you tell me how_______ (get) to Star Shopping Mall?
14. The traffic is _______ (danger) for us.
15. People in the neighbour know each other very well and they are very _________ (friend).
16._______ (not be) late for school again!
17. I think Sunshine Town is a wonderful place ________ (live) in
18. We would like you two _______ (come) to our party.
19. The students_______ (not go) to the Great Wall tomorrow.
20. There is something under the ground in front of the_______ (three) tree on the left.
【答案】
1. likes 2. to look 3. turnings 4. making 5. Don't worry
6.play 7. swim 8. starts 9. inviting 10. says
11.ninth 12.meet 13.to get 14. dangerous 15. friendly
16.Don't be 17.to live 18.to come 19 won't go 20. third

四、阅读理解
Stephen Hawking died at the age of 76 on March 14,2018. Hawking is known as the most famous physicist(物理学家) after Einstein.
Hawking was born in Oxford, England, on January 8,1949,. During his life, he married twice, and had three children. When he was a kid, Hawking went to school in St. Albans--a small city near London. Although he did well, he was never top of his class. After leaving high school, Hawking went first to Oxford University to study physics, and then he went to Cambridge University to study the universe(宇宙).
At the age of twenty, Hawking started noticing that something was wrong with him. Later, he went to the hospital and doctors said that he would die before he was 23. But Hawking didn't give up. In 1988,Hawking completed his book A Brief History of Time. In the book, he talked about many things, like the universe, the big bang(宇宙大爆炸) and the black hole.
( )4. At which university did Hawking study physics?
A. Oxford University. B. St. Albans University.
C. Cambridge University. D. London University.
( ) 5. Hawing first felt there was something wrong with his body when he was________.
A.25 B. 23 C. 21 D. 20
( ) 6. Hawking's book A Brief History of Time talks about the following EXCEPT_______.
A. the universe B. the big bang
C. the black hole D. the history of science
( ) 7. The passage is mainly about__________.
A. Hawking's life B. Hawking's study
C. why Hawking got ill D. how Hawking became famous
【答案】ADDA