专题22 8AU6-备战2024年初中英语中考单元知识点一遍过（牛津译林版）

这是一份专题22 8AU6-备战2024年初中英语中考单元知识点一遍过（牛津译林版），共17页。
 8AU6-牛津译林版初中英语单元知识点一遍过
（江苏专用）

过单词短语



1. The science teacher encourages the Class 1, Grade 8 students to join the Birdwatching Society.
(1) join vt&vi. 参加；连接，结合
例：How did these two parts join together? 这两部分是如何连接在一起的？
【辨析】join; join in； take part in
1） join指加人某党派、某组织或某社会团体，以及参军等，还可表示参与某种活动。
join the army 参军 join the club加入俱乐部 join the Party 入党
2） join in通常指参加某种活动，尤其指和其他人一起参加某项活动.。表达“与某人一起做某事”则用join sb. in sth. /doing sth.
3）take part in指参加群众性活动、会议、劳动、游行等，往往指参加者持有积极的态度, 起一定作用,有时与join in可互换。
例：I will never forget the day when I _________the Party. 我永远也忘不了人党的那一天。
May I _____________ the game? 我可以参加这个比赛吗？
Will you _____________ the English evening? 同我们一起参加英语晚会好吗？
我们应该积极参加学校的活动。We should________________school activities.
我希望你们大家都参加讨论。I hope you'll all________________the discussion.
【答案】take an active part in join in
(2) encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事

2. broad adj. 宽的,宽大的；清楚的，明显的
例：What a broad street! 多么宽阔的街道啊！
【辨析】broad和wide
①用于具体意义表示“宽”时，两者没有区别，可相互代替， 但broad侧重于面积的广阔，尤指面积大；wide强调从一边到另 一边的距离远。
②与数词连用表示“……宽”时，只可用wide,不能用broad。
③表示人的肩、背、胸时，只能用broad,不可用wide;但表示 眼大、嘴大时，用wide。
例：The woman is tall and broad.那女人身高体宽。
The gate isn't wide enough to get the truck through. 大门不够宽,卡车进不去。
Our classroom is 7 meters_______.
A.widely B. wide C. broad D. broaden
【答案】B

3. Zhalong Nature Reserve is Heilongjiang Province in North-east China. (P70)
Nature 意为“大自然，自然界”，其形容词形式为natural，意为“大自然的”。
如：a nature reserve in China中国的一个自然保护区 the Natural History Museum自然历史博物馆

4. The area provides food and cover for a lot of wildlife. (P70)
1) provide作“供给、供应、提供”解时，可跟双宾语。如：
We provided them food and shelter. 我们给他们提供食物和避难所。
I must provide food and clothes for/to my family. 我必须给我的家庭提供食物和衣服。

2) cover 的主要用法如下：
（1） cover作为名词，意思为“封面，盖子，覆盖物，栖息地”
例：Is that you on the cover? 那个封面人物是你吗？
We provide food and cover for the panda. 我们为熊猫提供食物和栖息地。
（2） cover作动词：表示“覆盖，遮蔽”，常与介词with连用
例：Please cover the desk with the cloth. 请用这块布遮盖桌子。
be covered by 被…覆盖；be covered with被…覆盖;充满着
例：The grass is covered with leaves in the early morning of autumn.

5. Some people want to make the wetlands smaller in order to have more space for farms and buildings.
一些人想要减少湿地面积，以腾出更多的地方建造农场和房屋。
1) in order to 意为“为了……”，表示目的。在用法和意义上与so as to 结构类似，但是in order to 结构可以放在句首、句中，而so as to 多用于句中。其否定形式直接在to后面加not。
扩展：in order to 和so as to 在句中表示目的时，可以转化成in order that 或so that引导的目的状语从句
We should work hard in order to pass the exam.=We should work hard in order that we can pass the exam.
We should work hard so as to pass the exam.=We should work hard so that we can pass the exam.

2) space作名词，意为“空间，太空，空白，间隔”
例：Leave a space after that word. 在那个词之后留下间隔。
【拓展】space表示“空间”时，一般不用冠词，其同义词为room, 但room还可作“房间”讲，为可数名词。
space还可译为“太空”，常见单词有spaceship宇宙飞船，spaceman宇航员。
例：There isn't enough space in this room for 50 desks. 这个房间没有足够的空间容纳530张课桌。

6. lead to less and less space for wildlife 导致野生生物的空间越来越小(P70)
1) make space/room for为…腾出空间
eg: Please make space/room for the old man. 请给这个老人让点地方。
2) lead to doing sth 导致做某事（lead—led）
Lead to 导致
3) less and less + 不可数名词； fewer and fewer+ 可数名词； more and more + 可数、不可数名词

7. Now the government has made laws to prevent all these things in Zhalong. (P70)
prevent 作动词，意思为“阻止”，常见词组为prevent from doing sth.
解析：prevent...from, keep...from 与stop... from
这三个短语的意思都是表示“阻止……做……”或“阻止……发生”，而protect...from是表示“保护……不受伤害”。prevent...from 和stop... from用在主动语态中时from可以省略，而Keep...from在表示此意时，from不可以省略，否则keep...doing是“使……处于……状态中”的意思，如：
We must prevent the water from being polluted. 我们必须阻止水被污染。
We stopped him from coming here. 我们阻止他来这里。
The heavy rain kept us from coming on time. 大雨让我们没能按时到。

8. We record their types and changes in their numbers.我们记录它们的种类以及数量的变化。(P70)
1) record的用法归纳：
（1） record作动词，表示“记录”，如：
We should record the events of the past.我们应该把过去的事件记录下来。
（2） record作名词，作“记录”讲，如:
Here is a record of road accidents. 这是一份交通事故的记录。
2) change的用法归纳：
（1） change作动词：
change...into...意为“把……变成（换成）……”，如：
We can change ice into water by heating it. 通过加热我们可以把冰变成水。
（2） change作名词：
①表示“变化；改变”，多用于可数名词，有时也可用作不可数名词
Great changes have taken place here since 1978.自1978年以来这里发生了巨大的变化。
②表示“零钱，找头”，是不可数名词，如：
Don’t forget your change.不要忘记你的零钱。

9. We hope this will help people understand the importance of the wetlands.
我们希望这将帮助人们明白湿地的重要性。
【拓展】importance是不可数名词，be of importance,意思相当于“be important”，在importance之前还可以用great, some,any,much,little等词修饰。如:of great importance极为主要，of little/no importance“无关紧要”。
The meeting to be held next month will be of great importance.
=The meeting to be held next month will be very important.
The matter is of little importance to him. =The matter is not so important to him.这件事对他不太重要。

10. Many birds live in Zhalong all year round, while some go there only for a short stay.
许多鸟类一整年都生活在扎龙，而一些鸟仅仅在那里做短暂的停留。
1) all year round 意思为“一年到头，一整年”
例：Kunming is a beautiful city all year round. 昆明是一个四季美丽的城市。
注：all year round 相当于 the whole year，all the year
其类似短语:all day long 全天，整天；all night long 整夜；all winter long整个冬天
2)while意思为“然而”，引导并列句，while前后句子结构相同，句意相反或者相对。
例：Lucy is tall while her brother is short. 露西个子高而她弟弟个子矮。
【拓展】
while作为连词还有“虽然；当……时候”的意思。同时它还可以做名词用，意思是“一会儿;一段时间”。
例：While he admits that there are problems, he doesn't agree that they cannot be solved.
尽管他承认有问题存在，但他不同意它们不可解决。

3) stay的用法归纳如下：
（1） stay作名词，意为“停留”
例：I want you to come here and have a long stay. 我希望你来这儿多待几天。
（2） stay作动词，意为“停留，继续”
例：I’m in a hurry. I have no time to stay. 我很忙。没有时间停留。
stay up late熬夜

11. Most birds are active in the daytime, so you can easily watch them there.
在白天绝大多数鸟是活跃的，所以你在那里很容易就能看到它们。
1. active 作形容词，意思为“活跃的，积极的”，用法归纳如下：
（1） 用作表语和定语，
例：Although he is over 80, he is still very active.他虽然年过80岁，但他还是很活跃。
（2） 用于搭配 be active in, 意思为“积极参加”，习惯上不用于体育方面
例：He is active in politics. 他积极参加政治活动。
2. in the daytime 意思为“在白天”

12. agree vt. & vi.同意；赞成；承认；意见一致
【举例】Both have agreed on the need for the money. 双方都同意需要那笔钱。
【拓展】
agree with表示同意某人或某人的意见、想法、现点
agree 后接动词不定式：agree to do sth.
【举例】They agreed with my idea他们同意我的想法。
His father agreed to lend us some money. 他的爸爸同意借给我们一些钱。

13. advise vt.& vi.建议；劝告；通知；警告
【举例】I advise him to be cautious. 我劝他要小心谨慎。
I advise you not to take it seriously. 我建议你不要把它当回事。
【拓展】advise sb. to do sth.建议或劝告某人做某事
advise doing sth.建议做某 事
advice建议；忠告；劝告；通知（为不可数名词）
【举例】The teacher advised me against doing it. 老师劝我别干此事。
Now you can give himsome advice. 现在你可以给他一些忠告。

14．Square adj.平方的；正方形的；正直的 n.平方；广场；正方形
【举例】Our school faces the big square. 我们学校面向大广场。
Millie marked a square on the blackboard. 米莉在黑板上画了个正方形。

15. application n. 应用；申请
【举例】Did you send up his application? 他的申请你给交上去了吗？
His application to join the club was honoured. 他加人俱乐部的申请获得批准了。
【拓展】application form申请表，申请书

16. form n. 形式；形状；形态；方式；表格
【举例】He gave us each a form to fill in. 他给了我们每人一张要填写的表格。
【拓展】fill in a form填表; in the form of以…的形式;
【举例】Most of China s energy imports are in the form of crude oil.中国大部分能源进口都是以原油的形式。

17. birth n. 出生；血统;出身；起源
【拓展】 at birth出生时 give birth to生产，产生，生孩子
【举例】What 's your date of birth?你的生日是几月几日 ？
Mr. Green gave birth to a baby girl last night. 格林夫人昨晚生了一个女孩。

18. hobby n. 业余爱好
【举例】His hobby is playing tennis. 他的爱好是打球。
They have many hobbies. What about you? 他们有许多业余爱好，你呢？

19. Some people want to make the wetlands smaller in order to have more space for farms and buildings.
一些人为了为农田和建筑腾出更多的地方而想使湿地变得更小。
【解析】本句中的in order to have...引导的是目的状语，短语 have space for意思是“为…腾出地方”。
【举例】They should do something together at weekends so as to strengthen their relationship.
为巩固他们的感情，他们应该在周末一起做一些事情。
If people change the wetlands to make space for farms,the birds will not have enough space to live.
如果人们改变湿地，为农田腾出地方，鸟类就没有足够的地方居住。
【拓展】1. in order to / so as to…相当于动词不定式引导的目的状语。
2. make space for和make room for都是为…腾出空间，其中space和room都是不可数名词。
【举例】What do you want to make room for in your life?你想要你的生活中有什么样的空间？

20.We should protect the wetlands not only because they are home to many birds and animals but also because they are important to the health of people all over the world.
我们保护湿地，不仅是因为它们给许多鸟类和动物提供家园，而且湿地对全世界人的健康也很重要。
【解析】本句中not only...but also…为连词词组，它连接两个 由because引导的原因状语从句，意思是“不仅……而且……”。
【举例】My daughter not only plays well but she also sings. 我女儿不仅弹奏一手好乐器，而且还会唱歌。
Not only you but also I have to leave. 不只是你，我也得离开。

21. Anything else? 还有其他东西吗？
【解析】本句是个省略句，其完整形式是Is there anything else?
【举例】Do you have anything else to say? (Anything else to say?)你有什么其他事要说吗？
Is there anything else he might like? (Anything else he might like?)有什么别的他可能喜欢吗？
【拓展】类似这种省略方式的还有：Anyone else? Anybody else?(还有其他人吗？）
【举例】Is there anyone else in the room? 房间里还有其他人吗？

22. You can call me on 010—5558 6390 or e-mail me at amy @sunshinetown. com. cn.
你可以拨 010—5558 6390 给我打电话，或用邮箱地址amy@ sunshinetown. com. cn给我发电子邮件。
【解析】本句中的“call sb. on/at+电话号码”意为“拨……号码给某人打电话”。其中介词on和at都可用。
【举例】I live in a new flat now. Please call me on 010—58743245.
我现在住在新家, 请打010—58743245这个号码找我。
【拓展】如果号码作宾语就不用介词on或at，直接用call + 号码。
【举例】If fire breaks out.，please call 119 at once. 如果发生火灾，请立刻拨119。

过语法



动词不定式表目的和动词不定式作宾语补足语的用法
动词不定式表目的
1.动词不定式作目的状语，就是用不定式表示某一动作或状态的目的。
2.为了使目的意义更加清楚或表示强调意义时，还可以在前面加 in order to。
3.由 in order to 引导的目的状语，既可以置于句尾，也可以置于句首。
【例题精讲】
例1. I had to work hard to earn money. 我不得不努力工作赚钱。
例2. He stayed at home to finish his homework. 他留在家完成作业。
例3. She is running quickly in order to catch the train. 为了赶火车，她正飞快地跑着。
例4. They started early in order to get there in time. = In order to get there in time, they started early.
为了及时赶到那里，他们很早就出发了。
【巩固练习】
用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. I often go to the market________ (watch) the birds.
2. He gave me some money ________(buy) books.
3.Some people want to make the wetlands smaller ________(have) more space for farms and buildings.
4.Take a notebook with you ___________( write) down what you see.
5. They started early_____________( get) there in time.
6. _____________(get) there in time, they started early.
【答案】1. to watch 2. to buy 3. to have 4. to write 5. to get 6. To get

动词不定式作宾语补足语
1. 我们还可以用动词不定式来说明宾语的情况，此时动词不定式在句中作宾语补足语。
2. 引导不定式作宾补的动词：
warn, tell, allow, ask, order, get, invite, wish, want, encourage等+ sb. to do sth.
3. + sb. do sth.（不带to）的动词：
五看：watch, see, look at, observe, notice
三使：let, make, have
二听：listen to, hear
一感觉：feel
4. 动词help后面的动词不定式可带to，也可不带to。
【例题精讲】
例1. My mum asks me to play the piano two hours every day.我妈妈让我每天弹两小时的钢琴。
例2. She often helps me (to) do the housework.她常常帮我做家务。
【巩固练习】
用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. The teacher told me _______(clean) the blackboard.
2. I want you_______(give) me some help.
3. People take cameras _________(take) photos of the birds.
4. My mother asks me _____________ (not tell) lies.
5. Our teacher advises us ___________ (run) very day.
6. His story made all of us ______ (laugh).
【答案】1. to clean 2. to give 3. to take 4. not to tell 5. to run 6. laugh

完成句子
1. 他有时请我吃晚饭。
Sometimes he ______________________.
2. 妈妈叫我每天读英语。
Mum ______________________ every day.
【答案】 1. invited me to have dinner 2. asked me to read English

单项选择
1. Robert often asks us ______ his Chinese, so his Chinese is much better than before.
A. help him B. to help him with C. to help with D. helps him with
2. Mr Li often teaches his Japanese friends ______ Chinese food.
A. cook B. cooks C. to cook D. cooked
3. She went ______ her teacher.
A. to see B. looks C. saw D. seeing
4. Meimei likes English very much. She does her best ______ English well.
A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learns
5. I'm sorry ______ that.
A. hears B. hearing C. hear D. to hear
6. I'm sorry ______ you.
A. trouble B. to trouble C. troubling D. troubled
7. My mother was very glad ______ her old friend.
A. to meet B. meet C. met D. meets
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A

重难点训练



一、单项选择
( )1. The wetland_______ food and shelter_______ wild animals.
A. makes; for B. provides; for
C. grows; to D. plants; to
( ) 2. Taiwan is_______ the east of China and_______ the east of Fujian.
A. in; in B. in; to C. to; on D. to; to

A. on; at B. at; on C. by; on D. on; on
( ) 4.Today the forests are getting fewer and fewer. We must_______ down too many trees.
A. keep people from cutting B. prevent people from cutting
c. stop people cutting D. all the above
( )5. -What do you think of yesterday's film?
-It's one of_______ films I have seen. I almost slept in the cinema.
A. the most interesting B. the least interesting
C. the most interested D. the less interesting
( )6. Millie hopes_______ something for those rare animals.
A. to do B. more people to do
C. more people must do D. A and C
( ) 7. I think_______ necessary for us_______ the birds.
A. it; protect B. its; to protect
C. it's; protecting D. it; to protect
( ) 8. _______ of the work_______ too hard for me, so I can't finish it without any help.
A. Sixty percent; is B. Sixty percents; are
c. Sixty percents; is D. Sixty percent; are
( )9. The boy gets up very early_______ catch the early bus.
A. in order to B. so as to C. to D. all the above
( ) 10. I often hear the girl_______ next door. When I passed the door, I heard her _______ just now.
A. sing; singing B. sings; sing C. sing; sings D. singing; sing
【答案】1~5 BBADB 6~10 ADADA

二、根据首字母或汉语提示写出单词
1. The Chinese_______（政府）makes some laws to protect rare birds.
2. His father is working for a_______（自然）reserve in Jiangsu.
3. There are many kinds of fruits at the_______（市场）．
4. -(记录) the study time every day is a good habit for you.
5. Who can_______(描述) what you saw on the Internet just now? Please put your hands up.
6. Hard work always l_______ to success(成功).
7. Many foreign t_______ come to visit Zhalong Nature Reserve every year.
8. The nature park provides food and c_______ for wild animals.
9. Look carefully and you will find something s_______ in the picture.
10. Some birds fly to n_______ countries in summer.
【答案】
1. govemment 2. nature 3. market 4. Recording 5. describe
6. leads 7. tourists 8. cover 9. special 10. northern

三、根据汉语提示完成下列各句。
1. 有些鸟整年待在扎龙，而有些去那儿作短暂停留。
Some birds live in Zhalong______ _____ ______ while some_____ _____ only______ ______ _____ ______.
2. 这家餐馆给我们提供各种各样美味的食品。
This restaurant _______us_______ _______ _______ _______ delicious food.
3. 清晨是读书的极佳时间，所以，你最好早点起床。
Early morning is_______ _______ _______ _______ read, so_______ _______ get up earlier.
4. 盐城自然保护区占地45，000多平方公里，是中国最大的丹顶鹤自然保护区之一。
Yancheng Nature Reserve_______ _______ _______ _______ _______ 45,000 square kilometres and is_______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ red-crowned cranes in China.
5. 他不知道学习的重要性，结果，经常考试不及格。
He doesn’t know_______ _______ _______ _______, _______ _______ _______, he often fails the exams.
【答案】
1. all year round; go there; for a short stay 2. provides; with many types/kinds of
the perfect time to; you'd better 4. covers an area of over; one of the largest reserves to
5. the importance of study; As a result

四、单项选择
( )1. I think _______ necessary for us the birds.
A. it; protect B. its; to protect C. it’s; protecting D. it; to protect
( )2. The wetland _______ food and cover_______ the wild animals.
A. provides; for B. makes; for C. grows; to D. plants; to
( )3. Thanks a lot for _______.
A. invite I and he B. inviting him and I C. inviting him and me D. to invite me
( )4. Han Han is one of _______ teenager writers today, though some old writers don't like him very much.
A. more famous B. most famous C. the most famous D. famous
( )5. They went there _______ in the summer holidays.
A. for a short stay B. to a short stay C. on stay D. in stay
( )6. Zhalong is a great place ____wildlife because it provides food and cover _______ them.
A. for; to B. for; for C. to; to D. to; for
( )7. The reserve is an important _______ area for the rare red-crowned cranes.
A. live B. alive C. living D. life
( )8. The number of the birds there _______ over 5,000.
A. is B. are C. be D. were
( )9. There are too many people in the hall.
We don't have_______ to stand in.
A. enough space B. enough spaces C. spaces enough D. many space
( )10. There will be_______ space for plants, animals and birds.
A. little and little B. less and little C. little and less D. less and less
( )11. She is_______ active girl. We can see her in many activities.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
( )12. The members of the Birdwatching Club go to_______ the birds in Zhalong every year.
A. kill B. buy C. learn D. study
( )13. Wildlife will have ________ living space.
A. few and few B. fewer and fewer C. little and little D. less and less
( )14. He isn't_______ to go to school.
A. young enough B. enough young C. old enough D. enough old
( )15. He ate all the fish,_______, his parents have no fish to eat.
A. in order to B. as a result C. for example D. moreover
【答案】1-5 DACCA 6-10 BCAAD 11-15 BDDCB

五、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. Be careful! The bus_______ (come).
2. I will go_______ (birdwatch).
3. Here_______ (be) some ideas.
4. I often go there_______ (watch) the birds.
5. Swallows（燕子）_______ (have) forked（叉状的）tails.
6. The zoo keeper_______ (tell) us about all the different birds last summer camp.
7. That is a good place_______ (walk) the dog.
8. Would you like_______ (join) in tomorrow's games?
9. There_______ (be)a bird and two cats under the tree.
10.I like all of you_______ (ask) me questions in class.
【答案】
1. is coming 2. birdwatching 3. are 4. to watch 5. have
6. told 7. to walk 8. to join 9. is 10. to ask

六、完形填空
Three small fish lived in the sea. When they were very young, their parents died. They had to 1 each other day after day. Finally, they grew up and 2 to swim deeper and further.
One morning, the three fish were 3 to a shallow(浅) water by a big wave(浪). A small
boat was taken there too. It was hard for the fish to go back to the sea because the boat was right in front of them. The largest fish realized that they were 4 and said they had to find a way to leave there as fast as possible. The second largest fish 5 with his elder brother, but the youngest one did not. He said that there was much 6 for their activities, so he would not worry at all and still swam around 7 . At last, the largest fish returned to the 8 by jumping over the lowest part of the boat. The second largest fish also succeeded in 9 his elder brother in the other side of water. But the youngest one didn't follow them and still swam joyfully,
Two hours later, when the 10 rose up, the water in the small shallow corner dried up.
The fish who did-not try to return to the sea died of lacking(缺乏) of water.
( )1. A. listen to B. look after C. talk with D. worry about
( )2. A. dared B. hated C. refused D. stopped
( )3. A. allowed B. given C. invited D. taken
( )4. A. in safety, B. in doubt C. in danger D. in peace
( )5. A. agreed B. talked C. compared D. discussed
( )6. A. time B. food C. water D. air
( )7. A. slowly B. sadly C. luckily D. happily
( )8. A. sea B. river C. lake D. pond
( )9. A. catching B. joining C. taking D. telling
( )10. A. storm B. stars C. moon D. sun
【答案】1-5 BADCA 6-10 CDABD

七、书面表达
给观鸟倶乐部写一封信。要求加人倶乐部。书信内容包括以下要点：
1.我想要加入观鸟倶乐部，成为其中的一员;
2.我是一名八年级学生，对兵乓球很感兴趣;我喜欢的科目是英语和语文；
3.我热爱鸟类和大自然;
4.联系方式:Tel:025-81356778 Email：peter 2011 ©
要求:1.词数80左右(不包括信的开头和结尾）；2.条理清楚，语意连贯，句式规范，字迹工整。
Application to Join the Birdwatching Club
Dear Mr. Wang,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours truly,
Chen Yang
【答案】
Dear Mr. Wang,
I want to join the Birdwatching Club. I would like to become a member of it.
I am a student at Beijing Sunshine Secondary School and I am in Grade 8. I am interested in playing ping-pong. My favourite subjects are English and Chinese.
I would like to become a birdwatcher because I like birds and nature very much. I would like to do something to protect the birds. I want to know more about birds. I can come to the club activities from 8 a. m. to 10 a. m. on Sundays.
I will be very happy if I can become a member of your club. You can call me on 025-81356778 and email me at peter 2011® Hotmail, com.
Yours truly,
Chen Yan