专题40 9AU8-备战2024年初中英语中考单元知识点一遍过（牛津译林版）

这是一份专题40 9AU8-备战2024年初中英语中考单元知识点一遍过（牛津译林版），共15页。
 9AU8-牛津译林版初中英语单元知识点一遍过
（江苏专用）

过单词短语


1、 A detective is someone who looks for clues to something important.
（1）detective 名词，“侦探” 形容词，“侦探的， detective novel 侦探小说
（2）clue 名词，“线索，提示”
the clue to …… ……的线索
2、 What happened? A murder?
（1）happen的用法：sth happen to sb 某人发生某事
sb hapepen to do sth 某人碰巧做某事
【拓展】happen与take place的用法异同点
（2） murder 动词，“谋杀，杀害” 名词“谋杀案，谋杀”
murderer名词，“凶手”
3、 My food has gone missing.
（1）missing 形容词，“缺失的，丢失的”
【拓展】missing与gone
（1） missing “丢失的，缺失的,下落不明的，失踪的”
There is a page missing in the middle of the book在那本书的中间少了一页。
（2）gone是go的过去分词，意思是“失去的”，有“一去不复返”之意
the missing boy go missing
4、 We have made notes on all of them.
（1）make/take notes“做记录，做笔记”
make notes on sb“给某人做笔记/记录”
5、 ……of medium height and untidy
（1）medium 形容词，“中等的”
medium height 中等身高
a woman of medium height 中等身高的一个妇女 of medium height 介词短语作后置定语
Sb. be of medium height 某人中等身高
6、 They all say that they’re not guilty.
（1）guilty 形容词，“内疚的，有罪的”
be guilty of ……犯……罪
例句：we’ve all been guilty of selfishness at some time in our lives.
7、 I guess Jimmy White is lying.
（1）guess“猜测”have a guess 猜一猜
（2）lie “说谎” 过去式：lie-lied-lied
lie “躺，，平躺”lie-lay-lain
8. to tell you the truth 实话告诉你
不可数名词 true adj. 真实的 truly adv. 真诚地
8、 The police have confirmed that the victim was a computer engineer.（P108）
（1）confirm 动词，“证实，确认”
（2）victim 受害者，遇难者
9、 He was last seen leaving his office in East Town at about 7 am yesterday.
（1） see sb doing sth 看到某人正在做某事
被动；sb be seen doing
【拓展】see/watch/hear.notice sb do/doing sth
注意：see/watch/hear.notice sb do sth.变被动语态时要加上省略的to
10、 They are still working at the scene of the crime to find out whether the victim was killed somewhere else and then brought to West Town, or killed at the place where he was found.
（1）crime 名词，“罪行，犯罪活动”
commit a crime 犯罪
（2）find out与find的区别
find意为“找到”“发现”,强调“找”的结果,其宾语往往是某个丢失的东西或人.如：
—Did you find Li Ming yesterday?你昨天找到李明了吗?
—No,we looked for him everywhere,but didn't find him．没有.我们到处找了,但没有找到他.
find out表示通过分析、思考等“弄清楚”“查明”一件事情, 如：
Please find out when the train leaves．请查一下火车什么时候离站.
（3）somewhere 副词，“在某处”，常用语肯定句中，形容词一般位于其后
11、 The victim was wounded with a knife and bled to death as a result.
（1）wound 动词，“使……受伤” 强调刀伤，枪伤
wound sb 使某人受伤
wounded 形容词，“受伤的，负伤的”
be wounded with+武器 by+人
（2）bleed 动词，“流血” bleed to death 流血致死
blood 名词，“血”
12、 However, according to the record, he was guilty of computer crimes in the past.
（1）be guilty of……犯……罪
13、 “He was charged with breaking into several computer systems over the last year”said Detective Lu.
（1）be charged with sth/doing sth“被指控某事、做某事”
主动结构：charge sb with……指控某人有……罪
（2） break短语：
break into 突然闯入 break down 抛锚，出故障
break out （战争、灾难等）爆发
14、 “We’re not sure whether this made him any enemies”
enemy 名词，“敌人”
make an enemy of sb 与某人为敌
注意: 词义“反对者”，注意复数和所有格，复数形式为enemies
15、 We suppose that the victim knew his murder.
I suppose+that从句如果是否定句，要否定前移为I don’t suppose that....
What do you suppose he will do? 放在疑问词后注意疑问句要改为陈述句语序。
be supposed to do=should do (注意被动)
16、 A witness reported that he was breathing heavily and had blood on his shirt.
(1) breathe 动词，“呼吸”
（2）breath 名词，“呼吸” take a deep breath 深呼吸 out of breath 上气不接下气
(3) report sth. to sb. 向某人举报某事
It is reported that.... 据报道……
reporter n. 记者
17、 The victim’s parents have offered a reward of ￥50,000 for any information that leads to the arrest of the murderer.（P109）
（1）reward 名词，“报酬，奖赏”常常与介词for连用
（2）arrest名词，“逮捕，拘捕” under arrest 被捕
arrest动词，“逮捕，拘捕” arrest sb
18、 commit a crime 犯罪
注意双写尾字母改过去式/过去分词/现在分词
9A需要双写尾字母的动词有：control prefer commit
19.It turned out that he had nothing to do with the case.
It turned out +that从句
turn out to be adj.
20. have something to do with 与……有关
have nothing to do but do 别无选择只能做某事
21. He was in a hurry to catch a bus. 他忙着去赶公共汽车。
固定句型：
be in a hurry to do sth
hurry to do sth
22. a man of great wealth
同义句转换： a wealthy man
of wealth /wealthy
23. He was once in prison for 6months.
in prison 坐牢（零冠词）
in space 在太空中 i n public 在公共场合
24. We should remember to lock the door when we leave home.
例句 He forgot to lock the door this morning.
locked adj. 锁上的
25.We’d better shut all the windows too.
shut-shut-shut-shutting
shut的用法：动词 关闭，封闭
形容词 关闭的，停业的
26. We need to guard against any possible danger around us.
guard vt. 守卫，保卫
guard against 防范，提防
27. couple表示夫妻做主语要看作复数\
The couple have gone to Shanghai.
couple n. 几个，数个
a couple of加可数名词复数表示几个
I bought a couple of key rings.
28.kidnap vt. 绑架，劫持 kidnapper n. 绑架者
29.theft 名词 偷窃罪
thief n. 小偷 (thieves)
steal vt. 偷 (steal-stole-stolen)
30.jewellery 珠宝 总称，不可数名词
31.get along/on with 与……和睦相处
get along/on ___well____(好) with sb/sth.
问句：___How___(how/what) do you get along/on with your friends?
32. 你能想到一些保护自己远离犯罪的安全提示吗？
Can you think of any safety tips to protect yourselves against crime?
33. 没有人知道他做什么谋生。No one knows what he does for a living.
When Edison was young, he ____D_____ by selling newspapers on the train.
A. does a living B. make a living
C. had earned a living D. made a living

过语法



定语从句
知识点1：什么是定语
定语为句子的次要成分，起修饰限制名词或代词的作用，可分为前置定语和后置定语。一般由形容词性物主代词、数词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词(短语) 或句子充当。
His father is a doctor. 他父亲是一名医生。
Mr. Green has two sons. 格林先生有两个儿子。
The girl under the tree is Kate. 在树底下的那个女孩是凯特。
A barking dog seldom bites. 吠狗很少咬人。
Most of the people here know each other. 这里大多数人互相认识。
A man going to die is always kind-hearted. 人之将死，其言也善。
The suggestion sent to the committee was adopted. 送往委员会的建议被采纳了。
Do you know the man who is standing next to Mr. Green? 你认识站在格林先生旁边的那个人吗？

知识点2：定语从句的定义
在复合句中作定语的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词叫做引导词。


知识点3：引导词
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
常见的关系代词包括that, which, who, whom, whose.
关系副词包括where, when, why.
不论关系代词还是关系副词，都应放于先行词和定语从句之间，起联系作用，但它们都要在定语从句中起语法作用，充当一个成分。如关系代词在定语从句中作主语，宾语或者定语，而关系副词则是作状语。

1. 关系代词的用法

关系代词
在从句中的功能
指代内容
that
作主语或宾语
指人或物
which
作主语或宾语
指物（可与that互换）
who
作主语(在口语或非正式文体中也常用作宾语，此时可省略)
指人（可与that互换）
whom
是who 的宾格, 作宾语，可省略
指人
whose
是who 的所有格, 作后面名词的定语
指人或物

1）that引导的定语从句，that在从句中做主语或宾语、指代表示人或物的先行词。作宾语时可省略，不能放在介词后面作宾语. (that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which)
The letter (that/which) I received was from my father.
I can’t find the letter that/which came this morning.
Do you still remember the days (that/which)we spent together ?

2）which－指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。
I saw the cat that /which has white hair .
I like the books which /that you lent to me yesterday .

3）who－般指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略，whom引导的定语从句whom在从句中作宾语,修饰表示人的先行词。
This is the man who helped me.
The boy who/whom we saw yesterday is John’s brother.
The doctor (whom) you are looking for is in the room.
The person (whom) you just talked to is Mr. Li.=The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Li.
The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.

4）whose引导的定语从句,whose在从句中作定语，修饰表示人或物的先行词。
Do you know the woman whose name is Mary.
Pass me the dictionary whose cover is black.
He has a friend whose father is a doctor.

2. 关系副词的用法
指代对象
先行词
关系副词
时间
时间先行词：day, year, date, time等
when
地点
地点先行词：the place, the city, Beijing等
where
原因
原因先行词：the reason
why






I still remember the day when I came to this city .
Beijing is the place where I was born.　
Is this the reason why he refused our offer?　

知识点2：关系代词只能用that，而不能用which的情况
1) 当先行词被为不定代词。如：
There is nothing (that) I can say about it.
2）先行词为形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。如：
This is the best basketball match that I have ever seen.
3）先行词被the only 或the very修饰时。如：
The only thing that we can do is to ask our teachers’ help.
Is this the very museum that you visited the other day?
4) 先行词为序数词或被序数词修饰时。如：
The first English film that I saw was “Oliver Twist”.
When foreigners talk about China, the first that comes to mind is the Great Wall.
5）被修饰的先行词被any, all, much, no, little, few等修饰时。如：
I am interested in all that you have told me.
There isn’t much that I can do.
He is one of the few that can work it out in five minutes.
6）先行词既包含人又包含物时。例如：
They talked about the factories and workers that they had visited.
7).当主句以 who 或 which开头时，定语从句的关系词用 that
Who is the girl that spoke to you just now?
Which is the pen that you lost ?

知识点3：关系代词只能用which不用that 的情况
1. 引导非限制性定语从句时,例如:
She heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart to her mouth.
2. 当关系代词做介词宾语时,例如:
He wrote a book in which he could learn about his life.
引导词 “which”作了介词 “in”的宾语,所以不可以用 “that”代替.

【例题精讲】
1.This is the T-shirt _______ my mother bought me yesterday.
A. that B. who C. whom D. this
2. Is this the park______ you visited with your classmates last week?
A. one B. which C. who D. whom
3. The lesson______ we learned this morning was easy to understand.
A. who B. that C. which D. both B and C
4.My cousin works in a factory_______makes children’s tools.
A. that B. when C. who D. what
5. Please show me the watch ______your grandmother bought you as the birthday present.
A. whom B. whose C. which D. this
6. The man_______ lives next to us is from Australia.
A. which B. who C. what D. /
7. The cars______________ in Germany sell very___________.
A. which produce, good B. that are producing, well
C. that produce, badly D. which are produced, well
8. The number of people _____________ lost homes reached as big as 80,000.
A. which B. who C. whom D. /
9. The umbrella is not the only thing _____ is missing.
A. that B. which C. what D. who
10. This is the house in ___________ Lu Xun lived when he was young.
A. which B. that C. who D. /
【答案】ABDAC BDBAA

重难点训练



一、单项选择
1. --- Could you tell me the way to ____________ Johnson, please?
--- Sorry, we don't have ___________ Johnson here in this village.
A. the; the B. the; a C. / ; the D. the; /
2. David was charged __________ robbing a bank. In fact, he wasn't guilty _________it.
A. of; with B. of.; of C. with; of D. with;
3. It is reported that the floods have made about _________ people homeless.
A two thousand B. two-thousands C. two thousands D. two thousands of
4. The old lady worries _________ that she often feels much ____________.
A. so much; more stressed B. too much; more stressed
C. so much; less stressed D. too much; less stressed
5. I left my keys ____________ in the house but I can't find them ____________.
A. anywhere; everywhere B. somewhere; anywhere
C. somewhere; everywhere D. everywhere; anywhere
6. The elderly couple, whose son was murdered, _______still __________.
A. is; taken good care of B. are; taken good care
C. are; taken good care of D. is; taken good care
7. Why don't you __________ his advice and make some notes?
A. get B. listen C. bring D. take
8. It is really difficult for people to find a _____________.
A. well paid work B. well paid job C. well-paid work D. well-paid job
9. It has something to do with the new energy which _________an important role in our life.
A. plays B. to play C. playing D. play
10. Peter didn't tell me ____________________.
A. he lived in which room B. which room did he live in
C. to live in which room D. which room to live in
11. I don't know how long _________________?
A. has he been away B. he has left
C. he had been away D. he will be away
12. --- What language is that guy speaking? I can hardly catch a single word !
---___________________. He's from India, so I guess it is Hindi.
A. Neither I can B. Neither can I C. So I can D. So can I
13. It ____________ that the suspect may live __________.
A. reports; alone B. is reported; alone C. reports; lonely D. is reported; lonely
14. The police believe that the murder ___________ 9 p. m. and 11 p.m. yesterday.
A. was happened at B. happened at
C. took place between D. was taken place between
15. --- Could you answer this question, please?
---_________________.
A. Yes, I could B. No, I couldn't C. Never mind D. Well, let me try
【答案】 1-5. BCAAB 6-10. CDDAD 11-15. DBBCD

二、词汇拼写
1. —How was your journey to Hainan Island?
—It was really ___________ (bore). We just stayed in the hotel because it was raining most of the time.
2. People think ______________ (high) of Tan’s works because he brings the sounds of nature and musical instruments together successfully.
3. I think your works is very ______________ (please) because you created it in a different way.
4. When he went to study in the Central Conservatory of Music, he got to know a number of great _____ (music).
5. As the art festival is open to all the students and parents, everybody is _____________(welcome).
6. He did not go to the Biology class, but ______________ (上) the English class.
7. Classical music is quite serious, and has a _______________ (永久的) value.
8. Sandy blew hard to make the paint run in all _______________ (方向) and made a wonderful picture.
9. The dogs are always rubbing against the wall and making _____________ (污迹), which are not easily removed.
10. Folk was first created in a _______________ (传统的) style, and has strong local color.
11. With the reform (改革) of the entrance examination system, now more and more senior high school graduates in Western China will go on _______________ (study) in the college.
12. —Look! The boy is crying hard over there. —Yes, he ______________ (lose) his new toy.
13.Each winner _______________ (present) with a gold medal at tomorrow’s game.
14.After a while, we saw Amy ________ (run) towards us, and she said, “I’m late because there was too much traffic on the road”.
15. They are really great because they make up songs while __________ (dance) on the stage.
16. ________ (make) a new type—music with boundaries, Tan Dun mixed traditional Chinese music and modern Western music together in this works.
17.Well done! We are the __________________ (获胜者) in the race．
18.Liu Huan is one of my favorite ____________________ (音乐家).
19.There are a lot of ________________（tradition）snacks .
20.Without__________________(say) goodbye, he left the room in a hurry.
【答案】
1. boring 2. highly 3. pleasant 4. musicians 5. welcome 6.attended
7. lasting 8. directions 9. marks 10. traditional 11. to study 12. has lost
13. will be presented 14, running 15. dancing 16. To make
17. winners 18. musicians 19. traditional 20. saying

三、用单词的适当形式填空
1. I really want to find my (miss) purse. There is lots of money in it.
2. Please tell your mother the ____________ because she ___________ believes your words. (true)
3. Mary always has more difficulty than Lily _______________ (lie) to her closest friend.
4. It is said that those ________________ (murder) fingerprints have been found.
5. After the game, all the students were out of _______________ (breathe)
6. No other students except Jim were seen ____________ (use) the book when Mr. Li entered the classroom.
☆7. Pay attention! All these words shouldn’t be pronounced ________________ (correct).
8. How can you leave this place much __________ (tidy) than before? Would you please clean it up?
9. Nancy is a good woman and she has no ___________ (crime) record.
10. ---We are all very sad to hear that more than 30 young people lost their lives.
---What a pity! If they can be taken to __________ (safe) in time, things will be better.
11. While we were out, someone walked in and the jewels _______________(steal)!
12. We hope that China will be one of the _____________ (wealth) nations in the near future.
13. ---Has Jack finished mending his bike, Tommy?
---I am not sure, but he ________________ (fix) his bike the whole afternoon in the garden.
【答案】
1.missing 2.truth; truly 3.lying 4.murderers’ 5.breath 6.using
7.incorrectly 8. untidier 9.criminal 10.safety 11.were stolen
12.wealthiest 13.was fixing

四、翻译句子
14. 那个22岁的受害者被一把枪打伤，最后流血而死。
The 22-year-old victim __________ a gun and ________________ at last.
15. 警方过去几个月已为导致绑匪逮捕的信息提供20万元悬赏。
The police______200,000 yuan for any information ___________ the kidnappers over the past few months.
16. 这个人匆忙地去赶公共汽车，独自一人去了其他某处。
That man was ____________to catch a bus and he _________ alone.
17. 警方证实衬衫有血的那个人强行闯入了银行。
The police confirmed the man ___________ his shirt _______the bank.
18. 单身的女孩需要随时提防我们周围的任何的危险。
Single girls need to________________ around us _________________.
19. 汤姆和这个案子有关，尽管他曾经和受害者和睦相处。
Tom the case, though he used to the victim.
20. 你知道那个中等个头的男人以何为生？
Do you know___________________________________?
21. 住在隔壁的男孩因盗窃被捕了。
The boy_________________ is ____________________.
【答案】
14. was wounded with; bled to death
15. have offered a reward of; that leads to the arrest of
16. in a hurry; went somewhere else
17. with blood on; broke into
18. guard against any danger; at any time
19. had something to do with; get on/along (well) with
20. what the man of medium height does for a living
21. who lives next door/living next door; under arrest/arrested for theft