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人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 3 Sea Exploration习题
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这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 3 Sea Exploration习题，共9页。
Section Ⅲ Using Language
[基础测评]
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空。
1. He is not interested in (political).
2. Whatever (professor) you choose, work hard to be the best!
3. I listened to his adventure with a (mix) of amusement and disbelief.
4. Now there is a special TV network giving live (cover) of most races.
5. When he entered the hall, he saw all the people standing there,
(applaud).
6. The change of climate must have had a powerful influence on
(migrate).
7. The government and its opponents compete (exploit) the troubles to their advantage.
8. There is no doubt that the man (murder).
9. There are some hunters hunting wild animals without
(merciful).
10. Advertisements may persuade us to throw away useful
(possess) to make room for new ones.
11. I was stunned by the news that the police (arrest) her for drunk driving.
12. (travel) along the Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.
13. What makes his parents worried is not his grades that he hasn’t any interest in learning.
14. In 1492, Columbus reached is now called America.
15. We have launched another manmade satellite, is announced in today’s newspaper.
答案:1. politics 2. profession 3. mixture
4. coverage 5. applauding 6. migration
7. to exploit 8. was murdered 9. mercy
10. possessions 11. arrested 12. Travelling
13. but 14. what 15. which
[提升测评]
Ⅱ. 阅读理解。
Man is a land animal, but he is also closely tied to the sea. Throughout history the sea has served the needs of man. The sea has provided man with food and a convenient way to travel to many parts of the world. Today, nearly two-thirds of the world’s population live within 80 thousand kilometres of the sea coast.
In the modern technological world, the sea offers many resources to help mankind survive. Resources on land are beginning to be used up. The sea, however, still can be hoped to supply many of man’s needs.
The list of riches of the sea yet to be developed by man’s technology is impressive. Oil and gas exploration has been carried out for nearly 30 years. Valuable amounts of minerals exist on the ocean floor ready to be mined.
Fish farming promises to be a good way to produce large quantities of food. The culture of fish and shellfish (贝类动物) is an ancient skill practised in the past mainly by oriental people, including people in China.
Besides oil and gas, the sea may offer new sources of energy. Experts believe that the warm temperature of the ocean can be used in a way similar to the steam in a steamship. Ocean currents and waves offer possible use as a source of energy.
Technology is enabling man to explore even more deeply under the sea. The development of strong, new materials has made this possible.
The technology to harvest the sea continues to improve. Experts believe that by the year 2050 the problems that prevent us from exploiting fully the food, minerals and energy sources of the sea will be largely solved.
1. What are the major things that the sea offers man?
A. Fish and oil.
B. Minerals and oil.
C. Warm temperature and ocean currents.
D. The food, energy sources and minerals.
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中“Oil and gas exploration has been carried out for nearly 30 years. Valuable amounts of minerals exist on the ocean floor ready to be mined.”,第四段中“Fish farming promises to be a good way to produce large quantities of food.”和第五段中“Besides oil and gas, the sea may offer new sources of energy.”可知,海洋提供的主要东西有矿物、食物和能源。故选D。
答案:D
2. What can we conclude from this text?
A. The sea resources have largely been used up.
B. The sea, in the broad sense, has not yet been developed.
C. The problems that prevent us from using sources of the sea have already been solved.
D. By the year 2050, the technology will be good enough to exploit all the sea resources.
解析:推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“The list of riches of the sea yet to be developed by man’s technology is impressive.”可知,有待人类技术开发的海洋财富清单令人印象深刻,也就是说,海洋中更丰富的资源还未得到开发。故选B。
答案:B
3. What does the underlined word “oriental” mean in paragraph 4?
A. Asian. B. African.
C. European. D. American.
解析:词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“including people in China”可知,这些人中包括中国人,由此推断,oriental指的是“亚洲的;东方的”。故选A。
答案:A
4. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. Sea Food
B. Man and the Sea
C. Sea Harvest
D. Technology for Exploiting the Sea
解析:标题归纳题。本文主要讲述的是人类可以从海洋获得食物、矿物、能源等,故选C,harvest意为“收获;获得”。A项“海产食物”只是其中的一个方面;B项“人类与海洋”作为本文的题目范围太大;D项指利用海洋的技术,与本文主旨不符。
答案:C
Ⅲ. 完形填空。
Angela never liked seeing plastic waste washed up on the shore near her home. She had been 1 to call on her community to clean it up, to change the 2 , so she tried to set up an organization called Washed Ashore: Art to Save the Sea. Her 3 proved quite a success.
Here’s how it 4 . Volunteers help clean up 300 miles of shoreline. Then, only 5 plastics from the beach clean-up, Angela and many other volunteers create sculptures of sea 6 . She explains, “I mean to create sculptures that make people take a look and 7 : ‘How can there be this much waste on the beach?’ 8 , these sculptures will make people consider what they have 9 in their daily life and realize how so much plastic ends up in the oceans.” So far, about 10,000 10 volunteers have collected 21 tons of waste and helped create more than 70 works of art. Four travelling 11 have demonstrated the artworks in 18 places of the country. One of the sculptures, Turtle Ocean, received a 12 honour. It was admitted into the National Museum.
The Washed Ashore team is now working on the sculpture of a dolphin, with 13 for more sculptures. “Until we 14 plastic on the beach, the work will continue. These sculptures are an 15 for clean oceans,” Angela says seriously.
1. A. offering B. longing
C. admitting D. hesitating
解析:offer主动提供;long渴望;admit宣称,承认;hesitate犹豫。根据下文“so she tried to set up an organization called Washed Ashore: Art to Save the Sea”可知,她努力建立一个名为“冲上岸:拯救海洋的艺术”的组织,是希望通过这个组织清理海岸上的垃圾,希望社区的人们一起来做这件事。long to do sth渴望做某事,符合语境。故选B。
答案:B
2. A. landscape B. world
C. surface D. situation
解析:landscape风景,景色;world世界;surface表面;situation现状,情况。根据上文“Angela never liked seeing plastic waste washed up on the shore near her home.”可知,她是想通过这个组织来改变目前塑料垃圾堆满海滩的状态,change the situation改变现状,符合语境。故选D。
答案:D
3. A. attempt B. choice
C. program D. instruction
解析:attempt尝试,努力;choice选择;program节目;instruction说明,指导。分析句意可知,此处应与前文动词tried to含义相呼应,表示她的努力。故选A。
答案:A
4. A. walks B. applies
C. functions D. prepares
解析:walk步行;apply应用,申请;function运作,发挥作用;prepare准备。根据语境可知,空前的it指代上文“an organization called Washed Ashore: Art to Save the Sea”,下文讲述了该组织的运作流程。故选C。
答案:C
5. A. stopping B. presenting
C. delivering D. employing
解析:stop阻止,停止;present呈现;deliver传送;employ雇佣,使用。根据下文“Angela and many other volunteers create sculptures”判断,这些雕塑应是使用海滩清理来的垃圾创作而成。故选D。
答案:D
6. A. waste B. floor
C. waves D. creatures
解析:waste浪费,废弃物;floor底部,地板;wave海浪,风潮;creature生物,动物。根据下文“One of the sculptures, Turtle Ocean (其中一个雕塑是《海龟海洋》)”可知,他们创作的雕塑是和海洋生物有关的。故选D。
答案:D
7. A. rethink B. remark
C. confirm D. announce
解析:rethink重新考虑;remark评论;confirm证明,确认;announce宣告。根据下文“How can there be this much waste on the beach?”可知,这应该是人们看到雕塑后思考的内容,与下文consider相呼应。故选A。
答案:A
8. A. Generally B. Hopefully
C. Fortunately D. Surprisingly
解析:generally一般地,普遍地;hopefully有希望地;fortunately幸运地;surprisingly出乎意料地。根据下文“these sculptures will make people consider ... and realize”可知,安吉拉希望这些雕塑能够引起人们的思考。故选B。
答案:B
9. A. achieved B. observed
C. purchased D. recommended
解析:句意:希望这些雕塑能让人们思考他们在日常生活中购买了什么,并意识到如此多的塑料最终会流入海洋。achieve获得,达到;observe观察;purchase购买;recommend推荐。根据常识和下文“in their daily life”判断,日常生活中购买的东西中有大量的塑料垃圾。故选C。
答案:C
10. A. devoted B. surprised
C. grateful D. adventurous
解析:devoted挚爱的,忠诚的,全心全意的;surprised惊奇的;grateful感激的;adventurous有冒险精神的。根据下文对于主语动作的描述“have collected 21 tons of waste and helped create more than 70 works of art”可知,能够收集21吨垃圾,帮助创作70多个艺术品的应该是全心全意保护海洋的人。故选A。
答案:A
11. A. guides B. managers
C. advertisements D. exhibitions
解析:guide导游;manager经理;advertisement广告;exhibition展览。根据下文“have demonstrated the artworks in 18 places of the country”可知,在全国18个地方展出这些作品,应是举行了巡回展。故选D。
答案:D
12. A. folk B. simple
C. special D. strange
解析:folk民间的;simple简单的;special特别的;strange奇怪的。根据下文“It was admitted into the National Museum.”可知,这一雕塑被允许进入国家博物馆,这是一项特殊的荣誉。故选C。
答案:C
13. A. plans B. calls
C. elements D. exchanges
解析:plan计划;call呼叫,召集;element要素,基本成分;exchange交换,调换。该团队正在制作海豚的雕塑,结合下文“for more sculptures”判断,他们应该还会有更多关于雕塑的计划。故选A。
答案:A
14. A. get down to B. keep away from
C. get rid of D. end up with
解析:get down to开始考虑,着手处理;keep away from远离;get rid of摆脱,除去;end up with以……结束。根据上文可知,该志愿者团队是打捞被冲上岸的垃圾的,当然在他们完全清除海滩上的塑料前,工作还将继续。故选C。
答案:C
15. A. answer B. appeal
C. exposure D. option
解析:answer答复,答案;appeal呼吁;exposure暴露,揭露;option选择权,选择。根据本文所述,我们不难知道制作这些雕塑的目的是呼吁人们一定要保护海洋。故选B。
答案:B
Ⅳ. 语法填空。
Kierman was born in Sydney, Australia, and grew up near the sea. For more than 40 years, he raced in international sailing 1.(compete).
While taking part in 2. important race in 1987, Kierman began to notice the huge amount of rubbish in the world’s oceans. He decided to do something about it.
He organized a community event called “Clean Up Sydney Harbour”. On Sunday, January 8th, 1989, more than 40,000 volunteers came out 3.(clear) away rubbish. The next year, Kierman made the clean-up a national event, 4. turned out to be a huge success. Across Australia, about 300,000 people spent the day 5.(improve) their local environment.
Since then, “Clean Up Australia” has got 6.(big) year by year. In 2002, for example, 800,000 people 7.(clean) up almost 15,000 tons of rubbish from Australia’s beaches, parks and streets.
8.(inspire) by the success of his project, Kierman started an even bigger program. 9. the help of the United Nations Environment Program, he introduced “Clean Up the World” to other parts of the world. “Clean Up the World” has been growing 10.(rapid) and his wonderful idea has now spread from one city to the whole world.
1. 解析:此处作raced in的宾语,需用名词形式,并且比赛不止一个,故填复数形式competitions。
答案:competitions
2. 解析:此处泛指一场重要的比赛,并且important以元音音素开头,故填不定冠词an。
答案:an
3. 解析:根据逻辑关系判断,此处应填不定式形式,作came out的目的状语。
答案:to clear
4. 解析:分析句子结构可知,此处应构成非限制性定语从句,修饰前面整个主句,从句中缺少主语,故填关系代词which。
答案:which
5. 解析:该句为“spend time (in) doing sth”句型,表示“(某人)花时间做某事”,故填动词-ing形式作宾语。
答案:improving
6. 解析:year by year每年,逐年,故填比较级形式,表示活动规模一年比一年大。
答案:bigger
7. 解析:“In 2002”是具体的过去时间状语,谓语动词应用一般过去式,故填cleaned。
答案:cleaned
8. 解析:根据句子结构判断,此处应用非谓语形式,句子主语Kierman与inspire之间为被动关系,故填过去分词形式作状语,表示原因。
答案:Inspired
9. 解析:with the help of ... 在……的帮助下,为固定搭配,故填介词With。
答案:With
10. 解析:此处修饰谓语“has been growing”,故填副词形式作状语。
答案:rapidly
Section Ⅲ Using Language
[基础测评]
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空。
1. He is not interested in (political).
2. Whatever (professor) you choose, work hard to be the best!
3. I listened to his adventure with a (mix) of amusement and disbelief.
4. Now there is a special TV network giving live (cover) of most races.
5. When he entered the hall, he saw all the people standing there,
(applaud).
6. The change of climate must have had a powerful influence on
(migrate).
7. The government and its opponents compete (exploit) the troubles to their advantage.
8. There is no doubt that the man (murder).
9. There are some hunters hunting wild animals without
(merciful).
10. Advertisements may persuade us to throw away useful
(possess) to make room for new ones.
11. I was stunned by the news that the police (arrest) her for drunk driving.
12. (travel) along the Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.
13. What makes his parents worried is not his grades that he hasn’t any interest in learning.
14. In 1492, Columbus reached is now called America.
15. We have launched another manmade satellite, is announced in today’s newspaper.
答案:1. politics 2. profession 3. mixture
4. coverage 5. applauding 6. migration
7. to exploit 8. was murdered 9. mercy
10. possessions 11. arrested 12. Travelling
13. but 14. what 15. which
[提升测评]
Ⅱ. 阅读理解。
Man is a land animal, but he is also closely tied to the sea. Throughout history the sea has served the needs of man. The sea has provided man with food and a convenient way to travel to many parts of the world. Today, nearly two-thirds of the world’s population live within 80 thousand kilometres of the sea coast.
In the modern technological world, the sea offers many resources to help mankind survive. Resources on land are beginning to be used up. The sea, however, still can be hoped to supply many of man’s needs.
The list of riches of the sea yet to be developed by man’s technology is impressive. Oil and gas exploration has been carried out for nearly 30 years. Valuable amounts of minerals exist on the ocean floor ready to be mined.
Fish farming promises to be a good way to produce large quantities of food. The culture of fish and shellfish (贝类动物) is an ancient skill practised in the past mainly by oriental people, including people in China.
Besides oil and gas, the sea may offer new sources of energy. Experts believe that the warm temperature of the ocean can be used in a way similar to the steam in a steamship. Ocean currents and waves offer possible use as a source of energy.
Technology is enabling man to explore even more deeply under the sea. The development of strong, new materials has made this possible.
The technology to harvest the sea continues to improve. Experts believe that by the year 2050 the problems that prevent us from exploiting fully the food, minerals and energy sources of the sea will be largely solved.
1. What are the major things that the sea offers man?
A. Fish and oil.
B. Minerals and oil.
C. Warm temperature and ocean currents.
D. The food, energy sources and minerals.
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中“Oil and gas exploration has been carried out for nearly 30 years. Valuable amounts of minerals exist on the ocean floor ready to be mined.”,第四段中“Fish farming promises to be a good way to produce large quantities of food.”和第五段中“Besides oil and gas, the sea may offer new sources of energy.”可知,海洋提供的主要东西有矿物、食物和能源。故选D。
答案:D
2. What can we conclude from this text?
A. The sea resources have largely been used up.
B. The sea, in the broad sense, has not yet been developed.
C. The problems that prevent us from using sources of the sea have already been solved.
D. By the year 2050, the technology will be good enough to exploit all the sea resources.
解析:推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“The list of riches of the sea yet to be developed by man’s technology is impressive.”可知,有待人类技术开发的海洋财富清单令人印象深刻,也就是说,海洋中更丰富的资源还未得到开发。故选B。
答案:B
3. What does the underlined word “oriental” mean in paragraph 4?
A. Asian. B. African.
C. European. D. American.
解析:词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“including people in China”可知,这些人中包括中国人,由此推断,oriental指的是“亚洲的;东方的”。故选A。
答案:A
4. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. Sea Food
B. Man and the Sea
C. Sea Harvest
D. Technology for Exploiting the Sea
解析:标题归纳题。本文主要讲述的是人类可以从海洋获得食物、矿物、能源等,故选C,harvest意为“收获;获得”。A项“海产食物”只是其中的一个方面;B项“人类与海洋”作为本文的题目范围太大;D项指利用海洋的技术,与本文主旨不符。
答案:C
Ⅲ. 完形填空。
Angela never liked seeing plastic waste washed up on the shore near her home. She had been 1 to call on her community to clean it up, to change the 2 , so she tried to set up an organization called Washed Ashore: Art to Save the Sea. Her 3 proved quite a success.
Here’s how it 4 . Volunteers help clean up 300 miles of shoreline. Then, only 5 plastics from the beach clean-up, Angela and many other volunteers create sculptures of sea 6 . She explains, “I mean to create sculptures that make people take a look and 7 : ‘How can there be this much waste on the beach?’ 8 , these sculptures will make people consider what they have 9 in their daily life and realize how so much plastic ends up in the oceans.” So far, about 10,000 10 volunteers have collected 21 tons of waste and helped create more than 70 works of art. Four travelling 11 have demonstrated the artworks in 18 places of the country. One of the sculptures, Turtle Ocean, received a 12 honour. It was admitted into the National Museum.
The Washed Ashore team is now working on the sculpture of a dolphin, with 13 for more sculptures. “Until we 14 plastic on the beach, the work will continue. These sculptures are an 15 for clean oceans,” Angela says seriously.
1. A. offering B. longing
C. admitting D. hesitating
解析:offer主动提供;long渴望;admit宣称,承认;hesitate犹豫。根据下文“so she tried to set up an organization called Washed Ashore: Art to Save the Sea”可知,她努力建立一个名为“冲上岸:拯救海洋的艺术”的组织,是希望通过这个组织清理海岸上的垃圾,希望社区的人们一起来做这件事。long to do sth渴望做某事,符合语境。故选B。
答案:B
2. A. landscape B. world
C. surface D. situation
解析:landscape风景,景色;world世界;surface表面;situation现状,情况。根据上文“Angela never liked seeing plastic waste washed up on the shore near her home.”可知,她是想通过这个组织来改变目前塑料垃圾堆满海滩的状态,change the situation改变现状,符合语境。故选D。
答案:D
3. A. attempt B. choice
C. program D. instruction
解析:attempt尝试,努力;choice选择;program节目;instruction说明,指导。分析句意可知,此处应与前文动词tried to含义相呼应,表示她的努力。故选A。
答案:A
4. A. walks B. applies
C. functions D. prepares
解析:walk步行;apply应用,申请;function运作,发挥作用;prepare准备。根据语境可知,空前的it指代上文“an organization called Washed Ashore: Art to Save the Sea”,下文讲述了该组织的运作流程。故选C。
答案:C
5. A. stopping B. presenting
C. delivering D. employing
解析:stop阻止,停止;present呈现;deliver传送;employ雇佣,使用。根据下文“Angela and many other volunteers create sculptures”判断,这些雕塑应是使用海滩清理来的垃圾创作而成。故选D。
答案:D
6. A. waste B. floor
C. waves D. creatures
解析:waste浪费,废弃物;floor底部,地板;wave海浪,风潮;creature生物,动物。根据下文“One of the sculptures, Turtle Ocean (其中一个雕塑是《海龟海洋》)”可知,他们创作的雕塑是和海洋生物有关的。故选D。
答案:D
7. A. rethink B. remark
C. confirm D. announce
解析:rethink重新考虑;remark评论;confirm证明,确认;announce宣告。根据下文“How can there be this much waste on the beach?”可知,这应该是人们看到雕塑后思考的内容,与下文consider相呼应。故选A。
答案:A
8. A. Generally B. Hopefully
C. Fortunately D. Surprisingly
解析:generally一般地,普遍地;hopefully有希望地;fortunately幸运地;surprisingly出乎意料地。根据下文“these sculptures will make people consider ... and realize”可知,安吉拉希望这些雕塑能够引起人们的思考。故选B。
答案:B
9. A. achieved B. observed
C. purchased D. recommended
解析:句意:希望这些雕塑能让人们思考他们在日常生活中购买了什么,并意识到如此多的塑料最终会流入海洋。achieve获得,达到;observe观察;purchase购买;recommend推荐。根据常识和下文“in their daily life”判断,日常生活中购买的东西中有大量的塑料垃圾。故选C。
答案:C
10. A. devoted B. surprised
C. grateful D. adventurous
解析:devoted挚爱的,忠诚的,全心全意的;surprised惊奇的;grateful感激的;adventurous有冒险精神的。根据下文对于主语动作的描述“have collected 21 tons of waste and helped create more than 70 works of art”可知,能够收集21吨垃圾,帮助创作70多个艺术品的应该是全心全意保护海洋的人。故选A。
答案:A
11. A. guides B. managers
C. advertisements D. exhibitions
解析:guide导游;manager经理;advertisement广告;exhibition展览。根据下文“have demonstrated the artworks in 18 places of the country”可知,在全国18个地方展出这些作品,应是举行了巡回展。故选D。
答案:D
12. A. folk B. simple
C. special D. strange
解析:folk民间的;simple简单的;special特别的;strange奇怪的。根据下文“It was admitted into the National Museum.”可知,这一雕塑被允许进入国家博物馆,这是一项特殊的荣誉。故选C。
答案:C
13. A. plans B. calls
C. elements D. exchanges
解析:plan计划;call呼叫,召集;element要素,基本成分;exchange交换,调换。该团队正在制作海豚的雕塑,结合下文“for more sculptures”判断,他们应该还会有更多关于雕塑的计划。故选A。
答案:A
14. A. get down to B. keep away from
C. get rid of D. end up with
解析:get down to开始考虑,着手处理;keep away from远离;get rid of摆脱,除去;end up with以……结束。根据上文可知,该志愿者团队是打捞被冲上岸的垃圾的,当然在他们完全清除海滩上的塑料前,工作还将继续。故选C。
答案:C
15. A. answer B. appeal
C. exposure D. option
解析:answer答复,答案;appeal呼吁;exposure暴露,揭露;option选择权,选择。根据本文所述,我们不难知道制作这些雕塑的目的是呼吁人们一定要保护海洋。故选B。
答案:B
Ⅳ. 语法填空。
Kierman was born in Sydney, Australia, and grew up near the sea. For more than 40 years, he raced in international sailing 1.(compete).
While taking part in 2. important race in 1987, Kierman began to notice the huge amount of rubbish in the world’s oceans. He decided to do something about it.
He organized a community event called “Clean Up Sydney Harbour”. On Sunday, January 8th, 1989, more than 40,000 volunteers came out 3.(clear) away rubbish. The next year, Kierman made the clean-up a national event, 4. turned out to be a huge success. Across Australia, about 300,000 people spent the day 5.(improve) their local environment.
Since then, “Clean Up Australia” has got 6.(big) year by year. In 2002, for example, 800,000 people 7.(clean) up almost 15,000 tons of rubbish from Australia’s beaches, parks and streets.
8.(inspire) by the success of his project, Kierman started an even bigger program. 9. the help of the United Nations Environment Program, he introduced “Clean Up the World” to other parts of the world. “Clean Up the World” has been growing 10.(rapid) and his wonderful idea has now spread from one city to the whole world.
1. 解析:此处作raced in的宾语,需用名词形式,并且比赛不止一个,故填复数形式competitions。
答案:competitions
2. 解析:此处泛指一场重要的比赛,并且important以元音音素开头,故填不定冠词an。
答案:an
3. 解析:根据逻辑关系判断,此处应填不定式形式,作came out的目的状语。
答案:to clear
4. 解析:分析句子结构可知,此处应构成非限制性定语从句,修饰前面整个主句,从句中缺少主语,故填关系代词which。
答案:which
5. 解析:该句为“spend time (in) doing sth”句型,表示“(某人)花时间做某事”,故填动词-ing形式作宾语。
答案:improving
6. 解析:year by year每年,逐年,故填比较级形式,表示活动规模一年比一年大。
答案:bigger
7. 解析:“In 2002”是具体的过去时间状语,谓语动词应用一般过去式,故填cleaned。
答案:cleaned
8. 解析:根据句子结构判断,此处应用非谓语形式,句子主语Kierman与inspire之间为被动关系,故填过去分词形式作状语,表示原因。
答案:Inspired
9. 解析:with the help of ... 在……的帮助下,为固定搭配,故填介词With。
答案:With
10. 解析:此处修饰谓语“has been growing”,故填副词形式作状语。
答案:rapidly
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