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人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 5 Launching Your Care课时练习
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这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 5 Launching Your Care课时练习，共18页。试卷主要包含了5分,满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
单元素养评估卷(五)
时间:120分钟 分数:120分
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
FITNESS CENTRE
The fitness centre offers a variety of activities for members of all ages throughout the week.
Activities for Monday 12 July, 2021:
Learn to swim. Classes for preschool children aged five and under start at 10:00 a.m. Classes last 30 minutes and parents must attend with their children. Don’t forget to book in advance, as places are limited, and to pack some warm clothes for after the lesson.
Women’s aerobics(有氧运动). Sessions are for one hour and begin at 10:45 a.m., led by Melissa. Come along and join us every Monday for an exhilarating hour of exercise and fun. Leave your kids at the nursery and take time out for yourself. Wear a track suit or something similar.
Lunchtime yoga. Take a break at lunchtime (1:00 p.m.-2:00 p.m.) for an hour of meditation and yoga. Enjoy the peace and quiet of our meditation room, and relaxing sessions designed for active people with busy lives. Use your own mat for floor work or hire one from us for a small sum.
Family Shootaround. 10:00 a.m.-5:30 p.m. Family Shootaround is open for members and guests to bring the family out for basketball. Half court games are only during this time. There are no full court games during Family Shootaround hours. All participants must sign in at the front desk and wear a wristband during the play.
21. When will Melissa be working?
A. From 10:00 a.m. to 10:30 a.m.
B. From 10:45 a.m. to 11:45 a.m.
C. From 1:00 p.m. to 2:00 p.m.
D. From 10:00 a.m. to 5:30 p.m.
解析:推理判断题。根据Women’s aerobics.中“Sessions are for one hour and begin at 10:45 a.m., led by Melissa.”可知,Melissa从上午10:45到11:45在工作。故选B。
答案:B
22. Which activity may need extra fees?
A. Lunchtime yoga.
B. Learn to swim.
C. Women’s aerobics.
D. Family Shootaround.
解析:细节理解题。根据Lunchtime yoga.中“Use your own mat for floor work or hire one from us for a small sum.”可知,这个活动可能需要额外的费用,因为可能需要租垫子。故选A。
答案:A
23. What is the common requirement of the activities?
A. The need to sign in.
B. The need to bring something.
C. The need to book in advance.
D. The need to become a member.
解析:细节理解题。根据Learn to swim. 中“and to pack some warm clothes for after the lesson”;Women’s aerobics. 中“Wear a track suit or something similar.”;Lunchtime yoga.中“Use your own mat for floor work or hire one from us for a small sum.”和Family Shootaround. 中“All participants must sign in at the front desk and wear a wristband during the play.”可知,每项活动都需要带点东西,这就是活动的共同要求。故选B。
答案:B
B
It feels like every time my mother and I start to have a conversation, it turns into an argument. We talk about something as simple as dinner plans and suddenly, my mother will push the conversation into World War 3. She’ll talk about my lack of a bright future because I don’t plan to be a doctor. And much to her disappointment, I don’t want to do any job related to science, either. In fact, when I was pushed to say that I planned to major(主修) in English and communications, she nearly had a heart attack.
“Why can’t you be like my co-worker’s son?” she bemoans all the time. Her co-worker’s son received a four-year scholarship and is now earning 70,000 dollars a year as an engineer. I don’t know what to answer except that I simply can’t be like Mr Perfect as I’ve called the unnamed co-worker’s son. I can’t be like him. I’m the type of person who loves to help out in the community, write until the sun goes down, and most of all, wants to achieve a career because I love it, not because of fame(名声) or salary.
I understand why my mother is worried about my future major. I’ve seen my mother struggle to raise me on her small salary and work long hours. She leaves the house around 6:30 a.m. and usually comes home around 5 p.m. or even 6 p.m. However, I want her to know that by becoming a doctor, it doesn’t mean I’ll be successful. I’d rather follow my dreams and create my own future.
24. What do the author and his mother often talk about?
A. The author’s studies.
B. The author’s future job.
C. Dinner plans.
D. Wars around the world.
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中的“She’ll talk about my lack of a bright future”可知,他们会谈论作者未来的工作。故选B。
答案:B
25. What do we know about the author’s mother from paragraph 1?
A. She doesn’t want the author to major in English.
B. She doesn’t think the author should be a doctor.
C. She gets along very well with the author.
D. She doesn’t think working in the science field is a good idea.
解析:推理判断题。根据首段最后一句“In fact, when I was pushed to say that I planned to major in English and communications, she nearly had a heart attack.”可知,作者的妈妈不想让他主修英语。故选A。
答案:A
26. What does the underlined word “bemoans” in paragraph 2 most probably mean?
A. Agrees. B. Shouts.
C. Complains. D. Smiles.
解析:词义猜测题。根据前后文可知,作者的妈妈对于自己的儿子不能像她同事的儿子一样,感到不满。agree同意;shout喊;complain抱怨;smile微笑。故选C。
答案:C
27. Why doesn’t the author follow his mother’s will?
A. He wants to be like his mother’s co-worker’s son.
B. He wants to find a job in his community in the future.
C. He doesn’t think his mother’s co-worker’s son is perfect.
D. He wants to do something he really likes in the future.
解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“I’d rather follow my dreams and create my own future.”可知,作者非常理解妈妈的辛苦和不易,但是他想追求自己的梦想,去做他真正喜欢的事情。故选D。
答案:D
C
(2021年·全国乙卷)
During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about often. Annoyed by the level of distraction(干扰) in his open office, he said, “That’s why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street—so I can focus.” His comment struck me as strange. After all, coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout(布局). But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach works.
The researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking. They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noise levels in the background, from total silence to 50 decibels(分贝), 70 decibels, and 85 decibels. The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant; however, the participants in the 70 decibels group—those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop—significantly outperformed the other groups. Since the effects were small, this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise.
But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study also suggests that the right level of background noise—not too loud and not total silence—may actually improve one’s creative thinking ability. The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander, without making it impossible to focus. This kind of “distracted focus” appears to be the best state for working on creative tasks.
So why do so many of us hate our open offices? The problem may be that, in our offices, we can’t stop ourselves from getting drawn into others’ conversations while we’re trying to focus. Indeed, the researchers found that face-to-face interactions and conversations affect the creative process, and yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions.
28. Why does the interviewer prefer a coworking space?
A. It helps him concentrate.
B. It blocks out background noise.
C. It has a pleasant atmosphere.
D. It encourages face-to-face interactions.
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中采访者说的话“That’s why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street—so I can focus.”可知,采访者觉得共享办公空间能让其更加集中注意力。
答案:A
29. Which level of background noise may promote creative thinking ability?
A. Total silence. B. 50 decibels.
C. 70 decibels. D. 85 decibels.
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“however, the participants in the 70 decibels group—those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop—significantly outperformed the other groups”可知,70分贝的噪声更有助于促进人们的创造性思维。
答案:C
30. What makes an open office unwelcome to many people?
A. Personal privacy unprotected.
B. Limited working space.
C. Restrictions on group discussion.
D. Constant interruptions.
解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The problem may be that,in our offices, we can’t stop ourselves from getting drawn into others’ conversations while we’re trying to focus.”可知,在开放的办公室,人们很容易被别人打扰。
答案:D
31. What can we infer about the author from the text?
A. He’s a news reporter.
B. He’s an office manager.
C. He’s a professional designer.
D. He’s a published writer.
解析:推理判断题。 根据第一段第一句“During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about often.”可推知,作者是一名作家。
答案:D
D
It is believed that each individual, regardless of race or religion, has a purpose in life, and until you discover what your purpose is, you will not find true happiness, nor true job satisfaction. This doesn’t mean you won’t be successful. It just means you won’t be happy until you are moving towards your true purpose.
Unfortunately, school systems do very little to help students discover their true career. This is where online personality tests and career tests can help.
Online personality tests and career tests can help you better understand what type of work you should be doing to achieve job satisfaction, happiness, and success. Personality tests are most useful in giving you insight into “how” your personality compares to others and “how” you like to work. In particular, if you frequently experience difficulty working with others, or getting their support and cooperation, a really good personality test would show you how to get along better.
While personality tests are very useful at showing you how you like to work and how you like your work environment, they are not really designed to show you “what” type of work is right for you. That is where career interest tests come in. They will help you discover what your true interests are, and what type of work you will be passionate about.
But back to personality tests. The most well-established personality tests are the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, and the Enneagram.
32. What should a person do to achieve true job satisfaction?
A. Find the true purpose in life.
B. Choose the best work.
C. Get along well with others.
D. Adapt to the work environment.
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中的“... until you discover what your purpose is, you will not find true happiness, nor true job satisfaction.”可知,直到你找到你的人生目标,你才会找到真正的幸福,才能有真正的工作满足感。故选A。
答案:A
33. What can online personality tests help a job-hunter do?
A. Find a good job.
B. Further understand himself/herself.
C. Develop more hobbies.
D. Change life attitudes.
解析:推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Personality tests are most useful in giving you insight into ‘how’ your personality compares to others and ‘how’ you like to work.”可知,性格测验可以让一个人更好地了解自己。故选B。
答案:B
34. What’s the author’s purpose in writing this text?
A. To present some popular online personality tests.
B. To tell readers about online personality and career tests.
C. To tell the differences between some popular online tests.
D. To persuade people to take online personality or career tests.
解析:主旨大意题。由全文内容可知,作者写本文的目的是鼓励我们了解并参与网上的性格和职业兴趣测验。故选D。
答案:D
35. What will the author most probably talk about next?
A. The differences between personality tests and career tests.
B. The similarities between personality tests and career tests.
C. The reasons why personality and career tests are popular.
D. The details of the two most well-established personality tests.
解析:推理判断题。根据文章结构,最后一段之前的内容为我们讲述了两种测验的重要性及用途,由最后一段“But back to personality tests. The most well-established personality tests are ...”可知,作者接下来可能是要向我们介绍这两种做得比较好的性格测验。故选D。
答案:D
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
(2022年·全国新高考Ⅱ卷)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques.
36. When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. 37. Don’t worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique won’t work for everyone, it helps many people get a good store of ideas to draw on.
The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. 38. Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled(弄皱) paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a complete highway.
The third technique is to try printing out a triple-spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision. 39. As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大块) of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor. 40. The resulting blank space invites you to revise.
A. Make sure your handwriting is neat.
B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought.
C. The second draft of the essay should be better.
D. First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.
E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.
F. Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise.
G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.
36. 解析:根据空后的“When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper.” 可知,本段主要讲的是要学会不间断地写,D选项“First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.”能够概括本段段意。故选D。
答案:D
37. 解析:空前说“Stay loose and free.” 以及空后说“Don’t worry about grammar or spelling.” 因此空格处应说按心里想的写,自由发挥,B选项“Let your pen follow the waves of thought.” 说明了按自己的思路和想法来写,因此承上启下,符合语境。故选B。
答案:B
38. 解析:空前“The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect.” 中的“write your draft” 和E选项“Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.” 中的“get their drafts” 相呼应,说明有很多人想一次就写好,这是不合理的,要学会允许不完美的存在,因此E选项承上启下,符合语境。故选E。
答案:E
39. 解析:空前说“The third technique is to try printing out a triple-spaced copy to allow space for revision.” F选项“Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise.”中的“revise”和前面的“revision”一致,指出了新手作者的常见做法,且其中的“Many beginning writers”和后文的“these writers”相呼应,因此F选项承上启下,符合语境。故选F。
答案:F
40. 解析:空前说“After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor.” 以及空后说“The resulting blank space invites you to revise.”因此空格处应说输入到文字处理器后应该做什么,G选项“Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.”说的是输入到你的文字处理器后的做法,其中的“triple-space”和后文的“The resulting blank space”相呼应,因此G选项承上启下,符合语境。故选G。
答案:G
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was an extraordinarily busy time of year. I felt some 41 to head straight home after a long meeting. So I headed to the 42 nearby
for some therapeutic(治疗的) hiking. As I reached the top and admired the view, my unclear mind 43 . Re-energised, I knew that I could deal with the work that waited for me upon my 44 . When I arrived back in the office the next day, I was full of energy, and finished my work
45 .
It was almost 20 years ago that I learned how 46 it is for me to carve out time to escape to the wild. I had finished my Ph.D., 47 soil and water conservation in Honduras, but I wasn’t sure what career I wanted to have. So, I decided to act on a dream I had been nursing for a few years, 48 my mum showed me a magazine article about a man who had cycled around America. I figured that I could 49 cycling with research for a book on American agriculture while I worked out my next career step.
So I did it. During the cycling trip, I found the clearness I needed to
50 my next career move. Talking with farmers I met along the way, I learned that their biggest 51 was selling their produce. I decided to broaden my 52 from land management to improving farmers’ access to markets. My 53 interest led to working for a non-governmental organisation and I did eventually publish a book on American agriculture.
The 54 is to find your source of inspiration and make good use of it. For me, I always get nourishment(营养) from being 55 in the outdoors.
41. A. pressure B. danger
C. shame D. embarrassment
解析:根据上文的“an extraordinarily busy time of year”和下文的“a long meeting”可推测,紧张忙碌的工作给作者带来了压力(pressure)。
答案:A
42. A. forest B. park
C. hospital D. mountain
解析:根据下句中的the top可推测,作者去了附近的一座山(mountain)上徒步旅行。
答案:D
43. A. calmed B. wandered
C. developed D. appeared
解析:根据下句中的Re-energised可知,登高望远后,作者冷静了下来。故选A。
答案:A
44. A. reply B. return
C. relaxation D. recovery
解析:根据下句中的“arrived back in the office”可知,这里指作者回办公室以后。故选B。
答案:B
45. A. successfully B. casually
C. anxiously D. constantly
解析:根据本空前的“full of energy”可推测,此处应表示作者能量满满,成功地(successfully) 完成了工作。
答案:A
46. A. strange B. important
C. difficult D. interesting
解析:根据全文内容不难看出,户外运动为作者提供了动力和能量,帮助作者成功应对各种难题,因此挤出时间亲近大自然对作者来说很重要(important)。
答案:B
47. A. continuing B. choosing
C. studying D. supporting
解析:根据下文的“soil and water conservation in Honduras”可知,此处是在解释说明作者的博士研究方向。故C项符合此处语境。
答案:C
48. A. unless B. if
C. though D. since
解析:由后面的内容可知,作者心里多年的梦想是在妈妈给作者看了一篇杂志上的文章以后滋生的,故since符合此处语境。
答案:D
49. A. combine B. compare
C. replace D. practise
解析:由于作者当时并不清楚自己将来想做什么,所以他想将骑车旅行与自己专业有关的研究结合起来。故A项符合此处语境。
答案:A
50. A. insist on B. put down
C. figure out D. learn from
解析:insist on坚持;put down记下;figure out想清楚;learn from向……学习。根据上段中的“worked out my next career step”可知,作者在旅行中想清楚了自己下一步要做什么。
答案:C
51. A. challenge B. progress
C. adventure D. sacrifice
解析:根据本段中的 “improving farmers’ access to markets” 可推测,农民最大的难题(challenge)是卖农产品。
答案:A
52. A. experience B. focus
C. discussion D. search
解析:根据上文了解了农民的难题之后,作者决定除了原有的研究领域外,再扩大自己的关注点(focus),帮助农民开拓市场。
答案:B
53. A. deep B. particular
C. personal D. new
解析:由语境可知,上句中的“improving farmers’ access to markets”是作者的新(new) 兴趣。
答案:D
54. A. reason B. problem
C. result D. key
解析:作者通过自身的经历告诉大家,找到动力来源并将其好好利用很关键。故选D。
答案:D
55. A. active B. alone
C. confident D. brave
解析:根据上文内容可知,作者总是积极(active)投身户外,获得源源不断的动力和能量。
答案:A
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For many students, the most important 56. (decide) they must make at school is choosing a career. But choosing the right career 57. (be) not easy. So how do you find one that you will enjoy?
Before you choose a career, think about your interests and your talents, and then think about jobs 58. fit you. Ask yourself: What do I enjoy doing? What do I do well?
Next, learn about your career choices. See if the library has books 59. (describe) different kinds of work. Also, try out careers by taking part-time jobs.
Then consider 60. is important to you. Perhaps you like working face to face with people. If so, a job as 61. computer programmer may not be the best choice. 62. you like getting a monthly salary, then starting your own business probably is not for you.
63. (final), remember that you can always change your mind. Most people change jobs several times during 64. (they) working life. Your first job right after college probably will not be your career thirty years from now. Allow yourself to change if you are not 65. (satisfy) with your chosen career.
56. 解析:形容词important作定语修饰名词;动词decide的名词形式是decision(决定),故填decision。
答案:decision
57. 解析:根据语境可知,此处是表示客观事实,故用一般现在时;动词-ing形式作主语,后面的谓语动词用单数,故填is。
答案:is
58. 解析:先行词jobs指物;后面的定语从句又缺少主语,故填that/which。
答案:that/which
59. 解析:本句已有谓语动词has,故此空要填非谓语动词;逻辑主语books与describe是主谓关系,所以此处要用动词-ing形式作后置定语,故填describing。
答案:describing
60. 解析:consider是及物动词,且其后是一个主谓结构,因此此处考查宾语从句;分析宾语从句可知,从句缺主语且所填引导词表示“物”,故填what。
答案:what
61. 解析:结合句意“作为一名电脑程序员”可知,此处须填不定冠词表泛指;computer又是以辅音音素开头,故填a。
答案:a
62. 解析:结合句意可知,此处是表示“如果你喜欢按月得到报酬”,因此此处是考查条件状语从句,故填If。
答案:If
63. 解析:分析本句结构可知,此处为副词作状语修饰整个句子;形容词final的副词形式为finally,故填Finally。
答案:Finally
64. 解析:此处表示“他们的工作生涯”,名词短语working life前缺定语;形容词性物主代词作定语,修饰名词,故填their。
答案:their
65. 解析:固定词组be satisfied with对……感到满意,故填satisfied。
答案:satisfied
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华,你打算暑假后到英国某大学读书,请你给该大学招生办公室主任Mr Smith写一封电子邮件,申请入学资格。
内容包括:
(1)自我介绍(包括英语水平及个人优势)。
(2)申请理由(①学习深造;②拓宽视野,传播中国文化)。
(3)希望获得批准。
注意:
(1)词数80左右;
(2)可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
(3)开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Mr Smith,
I’m Li Hua, a student of Senior 3 from China. I want to apply to your university.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
答案:
Dear Mr Smith,
I’m Li Hua, a student of Senior 3 from China. I want to apply to your university. I have a good command of English and can communicate with English speakers freely. I have a quick mind so I did well in all my subjects, especially the science courses.
The reasons why I want to apply to your university can be listed as follows. To begin with, I want to further my study in an English-speaking country. Besides, I want to broaden my horizons by learning the culture of your country, and spread Chinese culture at the same time.
I would be very grateful if I could be accepted. And I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Disappointed and upset, Tom found his money box empty. The coins lying on the bed added up to $36.22. But the bike he wanted cost $88. Where and how could he get the rest of the money? He knew his fellows all had bikes, without which he couldn’t hang around with them on weekends. He thought about asking his parents for money, but soon gave up because he knew it wouldn’t happen.
Earning money seemed to be the only way. So he had to find a job first. He decided to turn to Mr Smith for advice, who usually had opinions in most things. “Well, you can start right here. The floor needs cleaning and my car needs washing.” Then Tom’s part-time jobs began. For two months he worked every day after finishing his homework. He was surprised by a variety of jobs people found for him to do. He could hardly remember how many cars he had washed and how many windows he had cleaned, but he knew his dream would soon come true because the money kept increasing. The day finally came when he counted all the money he earned and found nearly 100 dollars. He couldn’t wait to go down to the shop to buy his dream bike.
It was by hard work that he bought the bike he had been dreaming of. So he cherished it very much. He had achieved what he thought was impossible, and that was more valuable than the bike.
注意:
(1)续写词数应为150左右;
(2)请按如下格式作答。
Eager to show off his new bike to his fellows, he rode home in a hurry.
20 years later, Tom devoted himself to running a company.
答案:
Eager to show off his new bike to his fellows, he rode home in a hurry. His fellows were more than glad that Tom owned his bike so that they could make a trip together. Excited and confident, Tom told them the fact that he spent his spare time doing a variety of jobs to realise his dream with money earned by himself. All of his friends admired him for his hard work, expressing that they would learn from him—achieving their goals without giving up. After going back home, Tom was encouraged and required by his parents to thank Mr Smith and others for the part-time jobs they offered. Thinking of many surprising jobs, Tom understood all of them, and was moved to tears.
20 years later, Tom devoted himself to running a company. The company was named Good Opinions. He was willing to give good opinions to people in difficulty, offering a variety of jobs and helpful equipment to help them overcome all the challenges and live a happy life. He used his action to thank Mr Smith and others and spread their kind spirits.
单元素养评估卷(五)
时间:120分钟 分数:120分
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
FITNESS CENTRE
The fitness centre offers a variety of activities for members of all ages throughout the week.
Activities for Monday 12 July, 2021:
Learn to swim. Classes for preschool children aged five and under start at 10:00 a.m. Classes last 30 minutes and parents must attend with their children. Don’t forget to book in advance, as places are limited, and to pack some warm clothes for after the lesson.
Women’s aerobics(有氧运动). Sessions are for one hour and begin at 10:45 a.m., led by Melissa. Come along and join us every Monday for an exhilarating hour of exercise and fun. Leave your kids at the nursery and take time out for yourself. Wear a track suit or something similar.
Lunchtime yoga. Take a break at lunchtime (1:00 p.m.-2:00 p.m.) for an hour of meditation and yoga. Enjoy the peace and quiet of our meditation room, and relaxing sessions designed for active people with busy lives. Use your own mat for floor work or hire one from us for a small sum.
Family Shootaround. 10:00 a.m.-5:30 p.m. Family Shootaround is open for members and guests to bring the family out for basketball. Half court games are only during this time. There are no full court games during Family Shootaround hours. All participants must sign in at the front desk and wear a wristband during the play.
21. When will Melissa be working?
A. From 10:00 a.m. to 10:30 a.m.
B. From 10:45 a.m. to 11:45 a.m.
C. From 1:00 p.m. to 2:00 p.m.
D. From 10:00 a.m. to 5:30 p.m.
解析:推理判断题。根据Women’s aerobics.中“Sessions are for one hour and begin at 10:45 a.m., led by Melissa.”可知,Melissa从上午10:45到11:45在工作。故选B。
答案:B
22. Which activity may need extra fees?
A. Lunchtime yoga.
B. Learn to swim.
C. Women’s aerobics.
D. Family Shootaround.
解析:细节理解题。根据Lunchtime yoga.中“Use your own mat for floor work or hire one from us for a small sum.”可知,这个活动可能需要额外的费用,因为可能需要租垫子。故选A。
答案:A
23. What is the common requirement of the activities?
A. The need to sign in.
B. The need to bring something.
C. The need to book in advance.
D. The need to become a member.
解析:细节理解题。根据Learn to swim. 中“and to pack some warm clothes for after the lesson”;Women’s aerobics. 中“Wear a track suit or something similar.”;Lunchtime yoga.中“Use your own mat for floor work or hire one from us for a small sum.”和Family Shootaround. 中“All participants must sign in at the front desk and wear a wristband during the play.”可知,每项活动都需要带点东西,这就是活动的共同要求。故选B。
答案:B
B
It feels like every time my mother and I start to have a conversation, it turns into an argument. We talk about something as simple as dinner plans and suddenly, my mother will push the conversation into World War 3. She’ll talk about my lack of a bright future because I don’t plan to be a doctor. And much to her disappointment, I don’t want to do any job related to science, either. In fact, when I was pushed to say that I planned to major(主修) in English and communications, she nearly had a heart attack.
“Why can’t you be like my co-worker’s son?” she bemoans all the time. Her co-worker’s son received a four-year scholarship and is now earning 70,000 dollars a year as an engineer. I don’t know what to answer except that I simply can’t be like Mr Perfect as I’ve called the unnamed co-worker’s son. I can’t be like him. I’m the type of person who loves to help out in the community, write until the sun goes down, and most of all, wants to achieve a career because I love it, not because of fame(名声) or salary.
I understand why my mother is worried about my future major. I’ve seen my mother struggle to raise me on her small salary and work long hours. She leaves the house around 6:30 a.m. and usually comes home around 5 p.m. or even 6 p.m. However, I want her to know that by becoming a doctor, it doesn’t mean I’ll be successful. I’d rather follow my dreams and create my own future.
24. What do the author and his mother often talk about?
A. The author’s studies.
B. The author’s future job.
C. Dinner plans.
D. Wars around the world.
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中的“She’ll talk about my lack of a bright future”可知,他们会谈论作者未来的工作。故选B。
答案:B
25. What do we know about the author’s mother from paragraph 1?
A. She doesn’t want the author to major in English.
B. She doesn’t think the author should be a doctor.
C. She gets along very well with the author.
D. She doesn’t think working in the science field is a good idea.
解析:推理判断题。根据首段最后一句“In fact, when I was pushed to say that I planned to major in English and communications, she nearly had a heart attack.”可知,作者的妈妈不想让他主修英语。故选A。
答案:A
26. What does the underlined word “bemoans” in paragraph 2 most probably mean?
A. Agrees. B. Shouts.
C. Complains. D. Smiles.
解析:词义猜测题。根据前后文可知,作者的妈妈对于自己的儿子不能像她同事的儿子一样,感到不满。agree同意;shout喊;complain抱怨;smile微笑。故选C。
答案:C
27. Why doesn’t the author follow his mother’s will?
A. He wants to be like his mother’s co-worker’s son.
B. He wants to find a job in his community in the future.
C. He doesn’t think his mother’s co-worker’s son is perfect.
D. He wants to do something he really likes in the future.
解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“I’d rather follow my dreams and create my own future.”可知,作者非常理解妈妈的辛苦和不易,但是他想追求自己的梦想,去做他真正喜欢的事情。故选D。
答案:D
C
(2021年·全国乙卷)
During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about often. Annoyed by the level of distraction(干扰) in his open office, he said, “That’s why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street—so I can focus.” His comment struck me as strange. After all, coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout(布局). But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach works.
The researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking. They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noise levels in the background, from total silence to 50 decibels(分贝), 70 decibels, and 85 decibels. The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant; however, the participants in the 70 decibels group—those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop—significantly outperformed the other groups. Since the effects were small, this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise.
But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study also suggests that the right level of background noise—not too loud and not total silence—may actually improve one’s creative thinking ability. The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander, without making it impossible to focus. This kind of “distracted focus” appears to be the best state for working on creative tasks.
So why do so many of us hate our open offices? The problem may be that, in our offices, we can’t stop ourselves from getting drawn into others’ conversations while we’re trying to focus. Indeed, the researchers found that face-to-face interactions and conversations affect the creative process, and yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions.
28. Why does the interviewer prefer a coworking space?
A. It helps him concentrate.
B. It blocks out background noise.
C. It has a pleasant atmosphere.
D. It encourages face-to-face interactions.
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中采访者说的话“That’s why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street—so I can focus.”可知,采访者觉得共享办公空间能让其更加集中注意力。
答案:A
29. Which level of background noise may promote creative thinking ability?
A. Total silence. B. 50 decibels.
C. 70 decibels. D. 85 decibels.
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“however, the participants in the 70 decibels group—those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop—significantly outperformed the other groups”可知,70分贝的噪声更有助于促进人们的创造性思维。
答案:C
30. What makes an open office unwelcome to many people?
A. Personal privacy unprotected.
B. Limited working space.
C. Restrictions on group discussion.
D. Constant interruptions.
解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The problem may be that,in our offices, we can’t stop ourselves from getting drawn into others’ conversations while we’re trying to focus.”可知,在开放的办公室,人们很容易被别人打扰。
答案:D
31. What can we infer about the author from the text?
A. He’s a news reporter.
B. He’s an office manager.
C. He’s a professional designer.
D. He’s a published writer.
解析:推理判断题。 根据第一段第一句“During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about often.”可推知,作者是一名作家。
答案:D
D
It is believed that each individual, regardless of race or religion, has a purpose in life, and until you discover what your purpose is, you will not find true happiness, nor true job satisfaction. This doesn’t mean you won’t be successful. It just means you won’t be happy until you are moving towards your true purpose.
Unfortunately, school systems do very little to help students discover their true career. This is where online personality tests and career tests can help.
Online personality tests and career tests can help you better understand what type of work you should be doing to achieve job satisfaction, happiness, and success. Personality tests are most useful in giving you insight into “how” your personality compares to others and “how” you like to work. In particular, if you frequently experience difficulty working with others, or getting their support and cooperation, a really good personality test would show you how to get along better.
While personality tests are very useful at showing you how you like to work and how you like your work environment, they are not really designed to show you “what” type of work is right for you. That is where career interest tests come in. They will help you discover what your true interests are, and what type of work you will be passionate about.
But back to personality tests. The most well-established personality tests are the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, and the Enneagram.
32. What should a person do to achieve true job satisfaction?
A. Find the true purpose in life.
B. Choose the best work.
C. Get along well with others.
D. Adapt to the work environment.
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中的“... until you discover what your purpose is, you will not find true happiness, nor true job satisfaction.”可知,直到你找到你的人生目标,你才会找到真正的幸福,才能有真正的工作满足感。故选A。
答案:A
33. What can online personality tests help a job-hunter do?
A. Find a good job.
B. Further understand himself/herself.
C. Develop more hobbies.
D. Change life attitudes.
解析:推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Personality tests are most useful in giving you insight into ‘how’ your personality compares to others and ‘how’ you like to work.”可知,性格测验可以让一个人更好地了解自己。故选B。
答案:B
34. What’s the author’s purpose in writing this text?
A. To present some popular online personality tests.
B. To tell readers about online personality and career tests.
C. To tell the differences between some popular online tests.
D. To persuade people to take online personality or career tests.
解析:主旨大意题。由全文内容可知,作者写本文的目的是鼓励我们了解并参与网上的性格和职业兴趣测验。故选D。
答案:D
35. What will the author most probably talk about next?
A. The differences between personality tests and career tests.
B. The similarities between personality tests and career tests.
C. The reasons why personality and career tests are popular.
D. The details of the two most well-established personality tests.
解析:推理判断题。根据文章结构,最后一段之前的内容为我们讲述了两种测验的重要性及用途,由最后一段“But back to personality tests. The most well-established personality tests are ...”可知,作者接下来可能是要向我们介绍这两种做得比较好的性格测验。故选D。
答案:D
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
(2022年·全国新高考Ⅱ卷)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques.
36. When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. 37. Don’t worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique won’t work for everyone, it helps many people get a good store of ideas to draw on.
The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. 38. Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled(弄皱) paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a complete highway.
The third technique is to try printing out a triple-spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision. 39. As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大块) of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor. 40. The resulting blank space invites you to revise.
A. Make sure your handwriting is neat.
B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought.
C. The second draft of the essay should be better.
D. First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.
E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.
F. Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise.
G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.
36. 解析:根据空后的“When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper.” 可知,本段主要讲的是要学会不间断地写,D选项“First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.”能够概括本段段意。故选D。
答案:D
37. 解析:空前说“Stay loose and free.” 以及空后说“Don’t worry about grammar or spelling.” 因此空格处应说按心里想的写,自由发挥,B选项“Let your pen follow the waves of thought.” 说明了按自己的思路和想法来写,因此承上启下,符合语境。故选B。
答案:B
38. 解析:空前“The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect.” 中的“write your draft” 和E选项“Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.” 中的“get their drafts” 相呼应,说明有很多人想一次就写好,这是不合理的,要学会允许不完美的存在,因此E选项承上启下,符合语境。故选E。
答案:E
39. 解析:空前说“The third technique is to try printing out a triple-spaced copy to allow space for revision.” F选项“Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise.”中的“revise”和前面的“revision”一致,指出了新手作者的常见做法,且其中的“Many beginning writers”和后文的“these writers”相呼应,因此F选项承上启下,符合语境。故选F。
答案:F
40. 解析:空前说“After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor.” 以及空后说“The resulting blank space invites you to revise.”因此空格处应说输入到文字处理器后应该做什么,G选项“Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.”说的是输入到你的文字处理器后的做法,其中的“triple-space”和后文的“The resulting blank space”相呼应,因此G选项承上启下,符合语境。故选G。
答案:G
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was an extraordinarily busy time of year. I felt some 41 to head straight home after a long meeting. So I headed to the 42 nearby
for some therapeutic(治疗的) hiking. As I reached the top and admired the view, my unclear mind 43 . Re-energised, I knew that I could deal with the work that waited for me upon my 44 . When I arrived back in the office the next day, I was full of energy, and finished my work
45 .
It was almost 20 years ago that I learned how 46 it is for me to carve out time to escape to the wild. I had finished my Ph.D., 47 soil and water conservation in Honduras, but I wasn’t sure what career I wanted to have. So, I decided to act on a dream I had been nursing for a few years, 48 my mum showed me a magazine article about a man who had cycled around America. I figured that I could 49 cycling with research for a book on American agriculture while I worked out my next career step.
So I did it. During the cycling trip, I found the clearness I needed to
50 my next career move. Talking with farmers I met along the way, I learned that their biggest 51 was selling their produce. I decided to broaden my 52 from land management to improving farmers’ access to markets. My 53 interest led to working for a non-governmental organisation and I did eventually publish a book on American agriculture.
The 54 is to find your source of inspiration and make good use of it. For me, I always get nourishment(营养) from being 55 in the outdoors.
41. A. pressure B. danger
C. shame D. embarrassment
解析:根据上文的“an extraordinarily busy time of year”和下文的“a long meeting”可推测,紧张忙碌的工作给作者带来了压力(pressure)。
答案:A
42. A. forest B. park
C. hospital D. mountain
解析:根据下句中的the top可推测,作者去了附近的一座山(mountain)上徒步旅行。
答案:D
43. A. calmed B. wandered
C. developed D. appeared
解析:根据下句中的Re-energised可知,登高望远后,作者冷静了下来。故选A。
答案:A
44. A. reply B. return
C. relaxation D. recovery
解析:根据下句中的“arrived back in the office”可知,这里指作者回办公室以后。故选B。
答案:B
45. A. successfully B. casually
C. anxiously D. constantly
解析:根据本空前的“full of energy”可推测,此处应表示作者能量满满,成功地(successfully) 完成了工作。
答案:A
46. A. strange B. important
C. difficult D. interesting
解析:根据全文内容不难看出,户外运动为作者提供了动力和能量,帮助作者成功应对各种难题,因此挤出时间亲近大自然对作者来说很重要(important)。
答案:B
47. A. continuing B. choosing
C. studying D. supporting
解析:根据下文的“soil and water conservation in Honduras”可知,此处是在解释说明作者的博士研究方向。故C项符合此处语境。
答案:C
48. A. unless B. if
C. though D. since
解析:由后面的内容可知,作者心里多年的梦想是在妈妈给作者看了一篇杂志上的文章以后滋生的,故since符合此处语境。
答案:D
49. A. combine B. compare
C. replace D. practise
解析:由于作者当时并不清楚自己将来想做什么,所以他想将骑车旅行与自己专业有关的研究结合起来。故A项符合此处语境。
答案:A
50. A. insist on B. put down
C. figure out D. learn from
解析:insist on坚持;put down记下;figure out想清楚;learn from向……学习。根据上段中的“worked out my next career step”可知,作者在旅行中想清楚了自己下一步要做什么。
答案:C
51. A. challenge B. progress
C. adventure D. sacrifice
解析:根据本段中的 “improving farmers’ access to markets” 可推测,农民最大的难题(challenge)是卖农产品。
答案:A
52. A. experience B. focus
C. discussion D. search
解析:根据上文了解了农民的难题之后,作者决定除了原有的研究领域外,再扩大自己的关注点(focus),帮助农民开拓市场。
答案:B
53. A. deep B. particular
C. personal D. new
解析:由语境可知,上句中的“improving farmers’ access to markets”是作者的新(new) 兴趣。
答案:D
54. A. reason B. problem
C. result D. key
解析:作者通过自身的经历告诉大家,找到动力来源并将其好好利用很关键。故选D。
答案:D
55. A. active B. alone
C. confident D. brave
解析:根据上文内容可知,作者总是积极(active)投身户外,获得源源不断的动力和能量。
答案:A
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For many students, the most important 56. (decide) they must make at school is choosing a career. But choosing the right career 57. (be) not easy. So how do you find one that you will enjoy?
Before you choose a career, think about your interests and your talents, and then think about jobs 58. fit you. Ask yourself: What do I enjoy doing? What do I do well?
Next, learn about your career choices. See if the library has books 59. (describe) different kinds of work. Also, try out careers by taking part-time jobs.
Then consider 60. is important to you. Perhaps you like working face to face with people. If so, a job as 61. computer programmer may not be the best choice. 62. you like getting a monthly salary, then starting your own business probably is not for you.
63. (final), remember that you can always change your mind. Most people change jobs several times during 64. (they) working life. Your first job right after college probably will not be your career thirty years from now. Allow yourself to change if you are not 65. (satisfy) with your chosen career.
56. 解析:形容词important作定语修饰名词;动词decide的名词形式是decision(决定),故填decision。
答案:decision
57. 解析:根据语境可知,此处是表示客观事实,故用一般现在时;动词-ing形式作主语,后面的谓语动词用单数,故填is。
答案:is
58. 解析:先行词jobs指物;后面的定语从句又缺少主语,故填that/which。
答案:that/which
59. 解析:本句已有谓语动词has,故此空要填非谓语动词;逻辑主语books与describe是主谓关系,所以此处要用动词-ing形式作后置定语,故填describing。
答案:describing
60. 解析:consider是及物动词,且其后是一个主谓结构,因此此处考查宾语从句;分析宾语从句可知,从句缺主语且所填引导词表示“物”,故填what。
答案:what
61. 解析:结合句意“作为一名电脑程序员”可知,此处须填不定冠词表泛指;computer又是以辅音音素开头,故填a。
答案:a
62. 解析:结合句意可知,此处是表示“如果你喜欢按月得到报酬”,因此此处是考查条件状语从句,故填If。
答案:If
63. 解析:分析本句结构可知,此处为副词作状语修饰整个句子;形容词final的副词形式为finally,故填Finally。
答案:Finally
64. 解析:此处表示“他们的工作生涯”,名词短语working life前缺定语;形容词性物主代词作定语,修饰名词,故填their。
答案:their
65. 解析:固定词组be satisfied with对……感到满意,故填satisfied。
答案:satisfied
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华,你打算暑假后到英国某大学读书,请你给该大学招生办公室主任Mr Smith写一封电子邮件,申请入学资格。
内容包括:
(1)自我介绍(包括英语水平及个人优势)。
(2)申请理由(①学习深造;②拓宽视野,传播中国文化)。
(3)希望获得批准。
注意:
(1)词数80左右;
(2)可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
(3)开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Mr Smith,
I’m Li Hua, a student of Senior 3 from China. I want to apply to your university.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
答案:
Dear Mr Smith,
I’m Li Hua, a student of Senior 3 from China. I want to apply to your university. I have a good command of English and can communicate with English speakers freely. I have a quick mind so I did well in all my subjects, especially the science courses.
The reasons why I want to apply to your university can be listed as follows. To begin with, I want to further my study in an English-speaking country. Besides, I want to broaden my horizons by learning the culture of your country, and spread Chinese culture at the same time.
I would be very grateful if I could be accepted. And I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Disappointed and upset, Tom found his money box empty. The coins lying on the bed added up to $36.22. But the bike he wanted cost $88. Where and how could he get the rest of the money? He knew his fellows all had bikes, without which he couldn’t hang around with them on weekends. He thought about asking his parents for money, but soon gave up because he knew it wouldn’t happen.
Earning money seemed to be the only way. So he had to find a job first. He decided to turn to Mr Smith for advice, who usually had opinions in most things. “Well, you can start right here. The floor needs cleaning and my car needs washing.” Then Tom’s part-time jobs began. For two months he worked every day after finishing his homework. He was surprised by a variety of jobs people found for him to do. He could hardly remember how many cars he had washed and how many windows he had cleaned, but he knew his dream would soon come true because the money kept increasing. The day finally came when he counted all the money he earned and found nearly 100 dollars. He couldn’t wait to go down to the shop to buy his dream bike.
It was by hard work that he bought the bike he had been dreaming of. So he cherished it very much. He had achieved what he thought was impossible, and that was more valuable than the bike.
注意:
(1)续写词数应为150左右;
(2)请按如下格式作答。
Eager to show off his new bike to his fellows, he rode home in a hurry.
20 years later, Tom devoted himself to running a company.
答案:
Eager to show off his new bike to his fellows, he rode home in a hurry. His fellows were more than glad that Tom owned his bike so that they could make a trip together. Excited and confident, Tom told them the fact that he spent his spare time doing a variety of jobs to realise his dream with money earned by himself. All of his friends admired him for his hard work, expressing that they would learn from him—achieving their goals without giving up. After going back home, Tom was encouraged and required by his parents to thank Mr Smith and others for the part-time jobs they offered. Thinking of many surprising jobs, Tom understood all of them, and was moved to tears.
20 years later, Tom devoted himself to running a company. The company was named Good Opinions. He was willing to give good opinions to people in difficulty, offering a variety of jobs and helpful equipment to help them overcome all the challenges and live a happy life. He used his action to thank Mr Smith and others and spread their kind spirits.
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