广东省深圳市罗湖区部分学校2023-2024学年高三上学期开学模拟考试（质量检测一）英语试题（解析版）

这是一份广东省深圳市罗湖区部分学校2023-2024学年高三上学期开学模拟考试（质量检测一）英语试题（解析版），共20页。试卷主要包含了08，本试卷共8页， 满分120分，考试结束后，考生上交答题卡等内容，欢迎下载使用。

试卷类型：A
2023—2024学年高三质量检测(一)
英语试卷2023.08
注意事项：
1.本试卷共8页， 满分120分。考试用时120分钟;
2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，正确粘贴条形码;
3.作答选择题时，用2B铅笔在答题卡上将对应答案的选项涂黑;
4.非选择题的答案必须写在答题卡各题目的指定区域内相应位置上;不准使用铅笔和涂改液;不按以上要求作答无效;
5.考试结束后，考生上交答题卡。
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Since 2017, ARTogether has presented over 200 workshops, camps, events, and gathering spaces for immigrants to meet, connect, and build lasting connections in the community. Below are some of ARTogether’s past and present community workshops and events.
Water-coloring Workshop
Organized in cooperation with Story Center, Water-coloring Workshop is a free online channel accessible to immigrants. These Zoom workshops are a creative space for participants to paint, chat, listen to music, and share stories.
Y(our) Legacy: A Printmaking Workshop
This is designed to give high school participants a creative practice towards their personal journey of self-acceptance and healing. Led by artist Sen Mendez, participants gather at Oakland International High School and are given ten small blocks to create a visual story about themselves.
Women’s Craft Circle
ARTogether’s longest-running workshop series, the Women’s Craft Circle seeks to bring women together through the healing power of craft-making. In the Oakland Asian Cultural Center, participants are able to relax in a welcoming space, connecting through a love for art and shared experiences.
Expressive Art Class for Kids
At West Oakland Branch Library, kids aged 6-11 from immigrant backgrounds explore fun interactive activities such as free drawing, painting, and free dance that will let youth appreciate art without pressure or strict rules. In each class, activity leaders follow the principle of guiding, not telling, which creates a stress-free environment that encourages creativity.
1. Which workshop is available for people living outside Oakland?
A. Water-coloring Workshop
B. Y(our) Legacy: A Printmaking Workshop.
C. Women’s Craft Circle.
D. Expressive Art Class for Kids.
2. Who can sign up for Y(our) Legacy: A Printmaking Workshop?
A. Visiting teacher interested in painting.
B. A female artist specializing in craft-making.
C. An exchange student in the international high school.
D. An experienced librarian from immigrant backgrounds.
3 What do the last two workshops have in common?
A. They take place at local libraries.
B. They require basic drawing skills.
C. They offer instructions with strict rules.
D. They encourage innovation or imagination.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。讲述了ARTogether过去和现在的一些社区研讨会和活动。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Water-coloring Workshop部分的“Organized in cooperation with Story Center, Water-coloring Workshop is a free online channel accessible to immigrants. (与故事中心合作，水彩工坊是一个免费的移民在线渠道。)”可知，住在奥克兰以外的人可以参加这个网上活动。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Y(our) Legacy: A Printmaking Workshop部分的“Led by artist Sen Mendez, participants gather at Oakland International High School and are given ten small blocks to create a visual story about themselves. (在艺术家Sen Mendez的带领下，参与者聚集在奥克兰国际高中，并给他们十个小块来创建一个关于他们自己的视觉故事。)”可知，这所国际高中的交换生。可以报名参加这个工作坊。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Women’s Craft Circle部分的“In the Oakland Asian Cultural Center, participants are able to relax in a welcoming space, connecting through a love for art and shared experiences. (在奥克兰亚洲文化中心，参与者可以在一个温馨的空间里放松，通过对艺术的热爱和分享经验联系在一起。)”和Expressive Art Class for Kids部分的“In each class, activity leaders follow the principle of guiding, not telling, which creates a stress-free environment that encourages creativity (在每节课上，活动领导者都遵循指导而不是告诉的原则，这创造了一个没有压力的环境，鼓励创造力)”可知，这两个工作坊都与艺术有关，因此可知，都鼓励创新和想象力。故选D。
B
A young Dutch inventor is widening his effort to clean up floating plastic from the Pacific Ocean by moving into rivers, using his new floating machine to catch garbage before it reaches the seas.
On October 26, Boyan Slat presented his solar-powered device “Interceptor,” which removes plastic from rivers as it floats past.
“We need to close the tap, which means preventing more plastic from reaching the ocean in the first place,” he said, calling rivers “the arteries(动脉)that carry the trash from land to sea.” Experts say 9 million tons of plastic waste, including plastic bottles, bags, and toys, flows annually into the ocean from rivers and streams, endangering life in the oceans.
The machine has a shaped nose to block away larger floating waste like tree trunks. It works by guiding plastic waste into an opening in its bow, a conveyor belt(转送带)then carries the trash into the machine where it is dropped into waste containers. It sends a text message to local operators who can come and empty it when it’s full.
Three of the machines have already been put into practice in Indonesia, Malaysia and Vietnam. Malaysian government official lzham Hashim was present at the launch and said he was delighted to witness the project.
“It has been used for 2 months in the river and it’s doing very well.” Slat said. 1,000 rivers are responsible for some 80 percent of plastic pouring into the world’s oceans. “I want to settle them all in the next five years. This is not going to be easy, but imagine if we do get this done,” he told his enthusiastic supporters, “we’ll truly make our oceans clean again.”
Jan van Franeker of the Wageningen Marine Research Institute said the new machine looks promising. “They have finally moved toward the source of the litter,” he said in a telephone interview. “The design, from what I can see, is awesome.”
4. Why does the author quote Slat and experts’ words in paragraph 3?
A. To stress the importance of rivers.
B. To prove the severity of the pollution.
C. To show their insight into the problem.
D. To explain the background of the invention.
5. What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. The responsibility of the operator.
B. The function of the conveyor belt.
C. The working principle of the device.
D. The critical role of the shaped nose.
6. Which of the following words best describe Slat?
A. Ambitious and innovative. B. Optimistic and humorous.
C. Confident and honest. D. Talented and proud.
7. What does Franeker think of the new machine?
A. It takes time to improve.
B. It has a bright future.
C. Its design is disappointing.
D. Its appearance is attractive.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一位年轻的荷兰发明家发明了一种海洋垃圾收集系统，它可以在塑料垃圾流入海洋之前将其捕获。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段““We need to close the tap, which means preventing more plastic from reaching the ocean in the first place,” he said, calling rivers “the arteries that carry the trash from land to sea.” Experts say 9 million tons of plastic waste, including plastic bottles, bags, and toys, flows annually into the ocean from rivers and streams, endangering life in the oceans.(“我们需要关闭水龙头，这意味着首先要防止更多的塑料流入海洋，”他说，并称河流是“将垃圾从陆地输送到海洋的动脉”。专家表示，每年有900万吨塑料垃圾，包括塑料瓶、塑料袋和玩具，从河流和溪流流入海洋，危及海洋中的生命)”可知，斯莱特和专家表示每年有非常多的塑料垃圾流入海洋，作者引用他们的话是为了解释这一发明的背景。故选D。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“The machine has a shaped nose to block away larger floating waste like tree trunks. It works by guiding plastic waste into an opening in its bow, a conveyor belt then carries the trash into the machine where it is dropped into waste containers. It sends a text message to local operators who can come and empty it when it’s full.(这台机器有一个成形的机头，可以挡住树干等较大的漂浮垃圾。它的工作原理是将塑料垃圾引导到船头的一个开口中，然后用传送带将垃圾运到机器中，然后将其放入垃圾容器中。它会向本地运营商发送一条短信，当它装满时，运营商可以过来清空它)”可知，本段主要介绍了这一发明的工作原理。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“A young Dutch inventor is widening his effort to clean up floating plastic from the Pacific Ocean by moving into rivers, using his new floating machine to catch garbage before it reaches the seas.(一位年轻的荷兰发明家正在加大清理太平洋漂浮塑料的力度，他将塑料移到河流中，用他的新漂浮机器在垃圾到达大海之前将其捕获)”以及第六段“I want to settle them all in the next five years.(我想在未来五年内解决所有问题)”可知，Boyan Slat发明新的装置拦截塑料垃圾，并期望五年解决所有问题，他是有创新能力和有雄心的。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Jan van Franeker of the Wageningen Marine Research Institute said the new machine looks promising.(Wageningen海洋研究所Jan van Franeker说，这种新机器看起来很有前途)”可知，Franeker觉得这台新机器有着光明的未来。故选B。
C
Anyone can be late a handful of times, but to be the person who is always late - that’s an art, a frustrating art. Or, a side effect of your personality traits, scientists have found.
So what is it that causes some people to constantly miss trains, make it to the wedding just after the bride’s shown up and regularly annoy their friends? And why is it so hard for us to fix it? “There are all sorts of punishments for being late, and the paradox is that we are late even when those punishments and consequences exist.” said Justin Kruger, a social psychologist at New York University.
One of the commonest reasons why people are frequently late is that they fail to accurately judge how long a task will take - something known as the planning fallacy(谬误). Research has shown that people on average underestimate the time to complete a task by a significant 40 percent.
Another trait is that forever -late-comers are more likely to be multitaskers. In a 2003 study run by Jeff Conte from San Diego State University found that out of 181 subway operators in New York City, those who preferred multitasking were more often late for their job. This is because multitasking makes it harder to have the awareness of what you’re doing. Conte also discovered there is a personality type that’s more likely to be late. While highly strung(紧张不安), achievement-oriented Type A individuals are more possible to be punctual. Type B individuals, however, who are more laid-back(漫不经心), have a higher chance to be late.
Admittedly knowing all of this doesn’t necessarily help fix the problem. But scientists are starting to work on strategies that can slowly improve our punctuality. For people who constantly underestimate tasks, breaking down an activity into detailed steps can help people estimate how long something will take more accurately. As for your personality type, unfortunately, there isn’t much you can do to change that. But accepting that you need to struggle for it may just help. Acceptance, after all, is the first step to change.
8. What does the underlined word “paradox” mean in paragraph 2?
A. Strategy. B. Argument. C. Solution. D. Puzzle.
9. What is a possible feature of forever-late-comers?
A. They plan to spend more time on a task.
B. They tackle more than one task at a time.
C. They suffer from concentration difficulties.
D. They have high expectations for achievements.
10. Which advice can be given to people who are always late?
A. Learn to accept who you are. B. Change your personality type.
C. Divide a task into smaller ones. D. Keep to the timetable accurately.
11. What is the main idea of the text?
A. Time management contributes to success.
B. Late comers should be severely punished.
C. One’s always being late is linked to personality.
D. Changing personality helps improve punctuality.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了迟到的原因可能能与性格特征相关，并提出了一些相应的策略。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第二段划线词paradox前文的内容“There are all sorts of punishments for being late(对于迟到，有各种各样的惩罚)”和后文的内容“we are late even when those punishments and consequences exist.(即使存在惩罚和后果，我们仍然会迟到)”可知，前文提出迟到了会有相应的惩罚，后文提出即使受到惩罚，但我们还是会迟到，故此处的划线词与D项“令人费解的事、难题”意思相近，迟到了会受到惩罚，令人费解的就是即使有惩罚，我们仍然会迟到，故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Another trait is that forever -late-comers are more likely to be multitaskers.(永远迟到的人的另一个特点可能是多重任务的)”可知，永远迟到的人的特点可能是一次要处理很多任务，是多重任务的，故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“But scientists are starting to work on strategies that can slowly improve our punctuality. For people who constantly underestimate tasks, breaking down an activity into detailed steps can help people estimate how long something will take more accurately.(对于那些经常低估任务的人来说，将一项任务分解成详细的步骤可以帮助人们准确地估计这项任务花的时间。)”可知，对于那些经常迟到的人，他们可以将任务分解成一些小任务，从而更好的估计任务所花费的时间，故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Anyone can be late a handful of times, but to be the person who is always late - that’s an art, a frustrating art. Or, a side effect of your personality traits, scientists have found.(任何人都可能迟到几次，但要成为一个总是迟到人，这是一门艺术，一门令人沮丧的艺术。或者，科学家发现，这是你性格特征点副作用。)”以及后文对迟到人的特征的分析可知，本文主要介绍迟到可能是与性格相关的，故选C。
D
Next time you’re having trouble solving a tricky puzzle, consider asking a nearby bumblebee.
A new study in the journal PLOS Biology finds that bumblebees can learn certain behaviors from each other, suggesting these social insects have a capacity for what we humans call “culture.”
In the past couple of decades, a growing body of evidence has shown that animals like chimps and birds show behaviors of learning. If what they learn lasts for a long time, it turns into a tradition. And culture is made up of multiple traditions. “Bumblebees, though, have some of the most complex behavioral abilities, nobody’s really thought to look at culture in such insects and generally assume they’re mostly driven by inborn factors instead,” says Alice Bridges, a behavioral ecologist at Anglia Ruskin University in England.
To prove them wrong, Bridges built a puzzle box, whose base held the reward: a drop of super sweet sugar water. The box was designed with a rotating (旋转) top that can be rotated by pushing either on a red tab clockwise or a blue tab anti-clockwise. Some bees were trained to push the red tab to get the sugar water while others pushed the blue one. Then, these tutor bees were placed inside different colonies (蜂群), along with the puzzle boxes.
The experiment ultimately played itself out. In colonies where the tutor bee had originally learned to push the red tab, the other bees in the colony usually pushed the red tab. In colonies where the tutor bee was trained to push the blue tab, their fellow bees also tended to do the same. In contrast, in the control groups without tutors, the bees sometimes learned how to open the boxes, but most of them would do it once or twice and then never again. “They perhaps hadn’t quite made the link between their behavior and the reward,” Bridges supposes.
“Many of us consider ourselves to be rather special…because we have culture, we can learn and we’re social,” Bridges says. “But now it turns out that even the bee also has culture, which is an uncomfortable truth: human culture, once thought unique, does not emerge ‘out of the blue’ but has obviously built on deep evolutionary foundations.
12. What is people’s common attitude to bumblebees having culture?
A. Positive. B. Indifferent. C. Interested. D. Doubtful.
13. Why does Bridges place trained bees inside different colonies?
A. To test their learning capability in new settings.
B. To see if they will spread the secret of the boxes.
C. To evaluate their ruling power in various groups.
D. To observe if they will share their food with peers.
14. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning the study?
A. Its appeal to the public. B. Implications on cultural origins.
C. Its practical application. D. Suggestions for future directions.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Human Culture Is Losing Its Uniqueness
B. Bee’s Behavior Builds on Biological Factors
C. Culture May Be Present Among Bumblebees
D. Animals’ Evolution May Start From Colonies
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项新的研究发现大黄蜂具有人类所说的文化的能力。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段““Bumblebees, though, have some of the most complex behavioral abilities, nobody’s really thought to look at culture in such insects and generally assume they’re mostly driven by inborn factors instead,” says Alice Bridges, a behavioral ecologist at Anglia Ruskin University in England. (英国Anglia Ruskin大学的行为生态学家Alice Bridges说：“尽管大黄蜂有一些最复杂的行为能力，但没有人真正考虑过这种昆虫的文化，通常认为它们主要是由先天因素驱动的。”)”可知，人们通常认为大黄蜂的文化是由先天因素驱动的，对大黄蜂具有文化持有怀疑的态度。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“The experiment ultimately played itself out. In colonies where the tutor bee had originally learned to push the red tab, the other bees in the colony usually pushed the red tab. In colonies where the tutor bee was trained to push the blue tab, their fellow bees also tended to do the same. (实验最终成功了。在辅导蜂最初学会按下红色标签的蜂群中，蜂群中的其他蜜蜂通常会按下红色标签。在辅导蜂被训练按下蓝色标签的蜂群，它们的同伴也倾向于这样做)”可推知，布里奇斯把经过训练的蜜蜂放在不同的蜂群里，是为了观察蜜蜂是否会传播盒子里的秘密，将自己的行为传播给同伴。故选B。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“But now it turns out that even the bee also has culture, which is an uncomfortable truth: human culture, once thought unique, does not emerge ‘out of the blue’ but has obviously built on deep evolutionary foundations. (但现在事实证明，即使是蜜蜂也有文化，这是一个令人不安的事实：人类文化，曾经被认为是独一无二的，并不是‘突然’出现的，而是显然建立在深厚的进化基础上的)”可知，本段主要介绍了曾经被认为是独一无二的文化并不是突然出现，而是逐渐进化而来的，本段主要谈论了这项研究对于文化起源的影响。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“A new study in the journal PLOS Biology finds that bumblebees can learn certain behaviors from each other, suggesting these social insects have a capacity for what we humans call “culture.” (PLOS Biology杂志上的一项新研究发现，大黄蜂可以相互学习某些行为，这表明这些群居昆虫具有我们人类所说的“文化”的能力)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了一项新的研究发现大黄蜂具有人类所说的文化的能力，所以“文化可能存在于大黄蜂中”可以作为文章标题。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Feeling upset is a normal part of life. Something stressful may occur everywhere, and make you angry or anxious. We can’t control what is happening around us. ____16____ Here are some useful ways to keep our cool when we feel frustrated.
____17____
Conflicts with others can be difficult to deal with. Sometimes we need to leave from the unpleasant condition. It is OK to say, “I’m going to take a break” and go for a walk or find a quiet place to sit and cool off. The goal is to give yourself some space to calm down and consider what to do next.
Do breathing exercises to relax
When we’re upset our nervous system will speed up our heart rate and muscles tense. It prepares the body as if to meet an attack. ____18____ If possible, find a safe place, sit comfortably and focus on your breath, breathing deeply and evenly. Mindful breathing helps us calm our feelings.
Lift your mood with laughter
Laughter relieves the tension we feel when depressed. We can think of a joke or watch a video that always makes us roar with laughter. Afterward, you may be able to lift the fog of frustration. Make sure what you use is not mean-spirited, though. ____19____
Change your language
Once things appear disappointing, many of us might punish ourselves with unkind words. In fact, it doesn’t have to be this way. ____20____ For example, instead of saying “I always mess things up,” we could say, “I made a mistake, but I’ll do it better next time.”
A. Keep yourself away from the noise
B. Remove yourself from the situation
C. We should turn negative thoughts into positive statements.
D. Those kinds of humor can actually make us feel more down.
E. Thus, we can be physically and mentally entertained from that.
F. You can soften such physical reaction by using practical techniques.
G. However, we can decide how we behave and react to the troubles we face.
【答案】16. G 17. B 18. F 19. D 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了自我情绪管理的几项有效措施。
【16题详解】
前文“We can’t control what is happening around us. (我们无法控制周围发生的事情。)”结合下文“Here are some useful ways to keep our cool when we feel frustrated. (当我们感到沮丧时，下面是一些有用的方法让我们保持冷静。)”以及下文的小标题内容可知，我们控制不了周围发生的事情，但是我们可以改变自己来保持冷静，不沮丧，因此推断空处承上启下，G项“然而，我们可以决定我们如何行动和如何应对我们面临的麻烦。”符合语境，与上文是转折关系，引出下文内容。故选G。
【17题详解】
分析文章结构可知，空处是段落标题，根据下文“Conflicts with others can be difficult to deal with. Sometimes we need to leave from the unpleasant condition. It is OK to say, “I’m going to take a break” and go for a walk or find a quiet place to sit and cool off. The goal is to give yourself some space to calm down and consider what to do next. (与他人的冲突很难处理。有时候我们需要离开不愉快的环境。你可以说：“我要休息一下”，然后散散步，或者找个安静的地方坐下来凉快一下。这样做的目的是给自己一些空间来冷静下来，考虑下一步要做什么。)”可知，本段建议当与他人有冲突时可以远离那种状况，让自己冷静下来，因此推断B项“脱离那种情况”为最近标题，概况了本段主旨。故选B。
【18题详解】
前文“When we’re upset, our nervous system will speed up our heart rate and muscles tense. It prepares the body as if to meet an attack. (当我们心烦意乱时，我们的神经系统会加快心率，肌肉会紧张。它让身体准备好迎接攻击。)”说明在烦恼的时候，身体会有应激反应，心跳加快，肌肉紧张，F项“你可以用一些实用的技巧来缓和这种生理反应。”符合语境，选项中的such physical reaction呼应前文提到的身体上的反应。故选F。
【19题详解】
前文“Laughter relieves the tension we feel when depressed. We can think of a joke or watch a video that always makes us roar with laughter. Afterward, you may be able to lift the fog of frustration. Make sure what you use is not mean-spirited, though. (笑可以缓解我们沮丧时的紧张感。我们可以想到一个笑话或观看一个总是让我们大笑的视频。之后，你也许能够驱散沮丧的迷雾。不过，请确保你使用的措辞不是刻薄的。)”说明笑声可以缓解沮丧，但是要确保措辞不刻薄，D项“这些幽默实际上会让我们感觉更沮丧。”符合语境，选项上的Those kinds of humor呼应前文提到joke和laughter，说明了措辞刻薄的幽默不能使用的原因，会让人感觉更沮丧。故选D。
【20题详解】
前文“Once things appear disappointing, many of us might punish ourselves with unkind words. In fact, it doesn’t have to be this way. (一旦事情看起来令人失望，我们中的许多人可能会用不友好的话惩罚自己。事实上，它并不一定要这样。)”说明沮丧时说一些不好的话是不可取的，下文“For example, instead of saying “I always mess things up,” we could say, “I made a mistake, but I’ll do it better next time.” (例如，与其说“我总是把事情搞砸”，我们可以说“我犯了一个错误，但下次我会做得更好。”)”举例说明不说消极的话，说积极的话，C项“我们应该把消极的想法变成积极的陈述”符合语境，承上启下。故选C。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Jenifer now lives in Detroit, USA. She thinks she may have a partial solution for two of the country’s big problems: garbage and ____21____ . It’s called the Chip Bag Project. The 26-year-old student is asking a favour of local snack ____22____ . Rather than litter your empty chip bags, ____23____ them so she can turn them into sleeping bags.
Chip-eaters ____24____ their bags at two locations in Detroit, where Jenifer and her ____25____ collect them. It takes about four hours to ____26____ a sleeping bag, each taking around 300 chip bags. The ____27____ is a sleeping bag that is “lightweight and waterproof,” Jenifer told the media.
Since its start in 2020, the Chip Bag Project has collected over 800,000 chip bags and, as to last December, ____28____ 110 sleeping bags.
Sure, it would be ____29____ to raise the money to buy new sleeping bags. But that’s only half the ____30____ for Jenifer and her fellow volunteers. “We are devoted to making a difference not only socially, but ____31____” she says.
Of course, there’s the symbolism of recycling bags that would ____32____ land in the garbage and using them to help the ____33____. And it’s surely a(n)____34____ that environmental injustice and poverty often go hand in hand. As Jenifer told hourdetroit. com: “I think it’s time to ____35____ connections between all of these issues.”
21. A. food B. pollution C. poverty D. education
22. A. lovers B. producers C. deliverers D. salesmen
23. A. sell B. store C. hold D. donate
24. A. drop off B. take away C. get in D. break up
25. A. parents B. helpers C. classmates D. buyers
26. A. make B. fill C. decorate D. move
27. A. result B. order C. need D. requirement
28. A. distributed B. created C. delivered D. fixed
29. A. worse B. slower C. simpler D. harder
30. A. lesson B. time C. way D. goal
31. A. permanently B. spiritually C. economically D. environmentally
32. A. never B. otherwise C. even D. still
33. A. campers B. strangers C. homeless D. seniors
34. A. belief B. reminder C. rule D. assumption
35. A. value B. research C. perfect D. show
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了詹妮弗利用收集来的空薯片袋缝制睡袋并送给无家可归者的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她认为自己可能已经部分解决了这个国家的两个大问题：垃圾和贫困。A. food食物；B. pollution污染；C. poverty贫困；D. education教育。根据下文“Rather than litter your empty chip bags, ____3____ them so she can turn them into sleeping bags.”以及“And it’s surely a(n) ____14____ that environmental injustice and poverty often go hand in hand.”可推知，詹妮弗使用空的薯片袋子制作睡袋，认为自己找到了解决垃圾和贫困问题的办法。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位26岁的学生正在请求当地小吃爱好者的帮助。A. lovers爱好者；B. producers生产者；C. deliverers派送员；D. salesmen销售员。根据下文“Rather than litter your empty chip bags, ____3____ them so she can turn them into sleeping bags.”可知，詹妮弗希望人们捐赠空的薯片袋，即向小吃爱好者寻求帮助。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：与其乱扔你的空薯片袋，不如把它们捐赠出去，这样她就可以把它们变成睡袋了。A. sell出售；B. store储存；C. hold持有；D. donate捐赠。根据下文“so she can turn them into sleeping bags”可知，此处表示詹妮弗希望人们捐赠空薯片袋，以便于她收集这些袋子制作睡袋。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：吃薯片的人把他们的袋子放在底特律的两个地方，詹妮弗和她的助手在那里收集。A. drop off放下；B. take away拿走；C. get in进入；D. break up打碎。根据下文“their bags at two locations in Detroit, where Jenifer and her ____5____ collect them.”可知，那些人把薯片袋子放在固定的地方，詹妮弗和助手去收集薯片袋。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：吃薯片的人把他们的袋子放在底特律的两个地方，詹妮弗和她的助手在那里收集。A. parents父母；B. helpers助手；C. classmates同学；D. buyers购买者。根据下文“But that’s only half the ____10____ for Jenifer and her fellow volunteers.”可知，志愿者同伴帮助詹妮弗一起收集薯片袋，他们是詹妮弗的助手。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：制作一个睡袋大约需要四个小时，每个睡袋大约需要300个薯片袋。A. make制作；B. fill装满；C. decorate装饰；D. move移动。根据下文“a sleeping bag, each taking around 300 chip bags.”可知，每个睡袋大约需要300个薯片袋，而制作每个睡袋大约需要四个小时。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：詹妮弗告诉媒体，结果是一个“轻便防水”的睡袋。A. result结果；B. order订单；C. need需要；D. requirement要求。根据上文“It takes about four hours to ____6____ a sleeping bag, each taking around 300 chip bags.”以及下文“is a sleeping bag that is “lightweight and waterproof,”可知，使用大约300个薯片袋，经历大约四个小时制作出的结果是“轻便防水”的睡袋。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：自2020年启动以来，薯片袋项目已经收集了80多万个薯片袋，截至去年12月，已经创造了110个睡袋。A. distributed分配；B. created创造，制造；C. delivered递送；D. fixed修理。根据上文“Since its start in 2020, the Chip Bag Project has collected over 800,000 chip bags”以及下文“110 sleeping bags”可知，詹妮弗收集了很多薯片袋，因而制作成了很多睡袋。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，筹集资金购买新睡袋会更简单。A. worse更坏的；B. slower更慢的；C. simpler更简单的；D. harder更努力的。根据上文“It takes about four hours to ____6____ a sleeping bag, each taking around 300 chip bags.”以及下文“to raise the money to buy new sleeping bags.”可知，制作睡袋需要花费大约四个小时，300个薯片袋，此处表示筹集资金购买新睡袋会更简单。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这只是詹妮弗和她的志愿者同伴们目标的一半。A. lesson课程；B. time时间；C. way方法；D. goal目标。根据下文“We are devoted to making a difference not only socially, but ____11____”可知，詹妮弗和她的志愿者同伴既希望设法解决社会问题，又希望帮助解决环境问题，此处表示筹集资金购买新睡袋只能实现目标的一半。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她说：“我们致力于不仅在社会上，而且在环境上有影响。”A. permanently永久地；B. spiritually精神地；C. economically经济地；D. environmentally环境地。根据上文“Rather than litter your empty chip bags, ____3____ them so she can turn them into sleeping bags.”可知，詹妮弗收集空薯片袋，将它们制作成睡袋，这会减少垃圾，减轻环境问题，此处表示詹妮弗既致力于解决社会问题又希望保护环境。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当然，回收那些原本会落在垃圾堆里的袋子，并用它们来帮助无家可归者，这具有象征意义。A. never从不；B. otherwise否则；C. even甚至；D. still仍然。根据下文“land in the garbage and using them to help the ____13____ .”可知，收集来的薯片袋得以重新利用，否则，这些袋子只会落在垃圾堆里。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，回收那些原本会落在垃圾堆里的袋子，并用它们来帮助无家可归者，这具有象征意义。A. campers露营者；B. strangers陌生人；C. homeless无家可归的；D. seniors老年人。根据上文“We are devoted to making a difference not only socially, but ____11____”可知，詹妮弗致力于解决解决社会问题，推测此处表示睡袋送给了无家可归的人，the homeless表示“无家可归的人”。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：而且，这无疑提醒我们，环境不公正和贫困往往是密切相关的。A. belief信念；B. reminder提醒物；C. rule规则；D. assumption假设。根据下文“that environmental injustice and poverty often go hand in hand.”可知，詹妮弗收集睡袋帮助无家可归的人，同时也解决了环境问题，这提醒人们环境和贫困问题经常是密切相关的。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如詹妮弗在接受hourdetroit网站采访时所说：“我认为是时候展示所有这些问题之间的联系了。”A. value重视；B. research研究；C. perfect使完美；D. show展示。根据上文“And it’s surely a(n) ____14____ that environmental injustice and poverty often go hand in hand.”以及下文“connections between all of these issues.”和上文提到的她用薯片袋制成睡袋这既可以解决一些贫困问题，也可以解决环境问题可知，环境和贫困问题经常是密切相关的，詹妮弗认为是时候展示环境和贫困问题之间的联系了。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个单词或者用所给单词的正确形式填空。
When it comes to foods that are more than worthy of being posted all over social media, Chinese sugar painting, a traditional Chinese form of folk art, deserves some time in the spotlight. Hot liquid sugar is used ____36____ (create) two-dimensional figures like small animals. Sugar art is pretty popular ____37____ children, but it’s beautiful enough to interest anyone.
Hot sugar is poured from a small spoon onto a flat surface where the outline of the figure ____38____ (draw) with a thick stream of sugar. Then ____39____ (relative) thinner sugar is added to support the outline and fill in the figure of the body in a ____40____ (combine) of zig-zags or other patterns, supported by a wooden stick. “Painting” artistic pieces from melted sugar ____41____ (differ) from regular painting. Because the hot sugar cools down very quickly, the painter has to work quickly, ____42____ (make) sure he gets every shape just right.
Customers traditionally spin ____43____ arrow on a wheel. It lands on a certain figure ____44____ is inspired by nature or wildlife in forms of a dragon, fish, monkey, bird or flower basket. This ancient Sichuan art form might not be as common` as it once was, but it still has the power to amaze _____45_____ (tourist) who come across talented street artists that make these amazing creations.
【答案】36. to create
37. with##among
38. is drawn
39. relatively
40. combination
41. differs
42. making 43. an
44. that##which
45. tourists
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了中国的糖画艺术。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：热的液体糖被用来制作像小动物一样的二维图形。短语be used to do sth.表示“被用来做某事”。故填to create。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：糖艺术很受孩子们的欢迎，但它的美丽足以引起任何人的兴趣。短语be popular with/among表示“很受……的欢迎”。故填with/among。
【38题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：热糖从一个小勺子倒在一个平面上，在这个平面上，用厚厚的糖流画出人物的轮廓。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文is可知为一般现在时的被动语态，故填is drawn。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：然后加入相对较薄的糖来支撑轮廓，并在一根木棍的支撑下，以锯齿或其他图案的组合填充身体的图形。修饰thinner应用副词relatively，故填relatively。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：然后加入相对较薄的糖来支撑轮廓，并在一根木棍的支撑下，以锯齿或其他图案的组合填充身体的图形。作宾语，表示“组合”短语为a combination of。故填combination。
【41题详解】
考查时态。句意：用融化的糖制成的“绘画”艺术作品不同于普通的绘画。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为“Painting” artistic pieces from melted sugar，谓语用三单形式。故填differs。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：因为热糖冷却得很快，所以画家必须快速工作，确保每个形状都恰到好处。分析句子结构可知make与逻辑主语painter构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填making。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：传统上，顾客会在一个轮子上旋转一个箭头。arrow为泛指，且是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：它落在一个特定的人物上，这个人物的灵感来自大自然或野生动物，如龙、鱼、猴子、鸟或花篮。定语从句修饰先行词figure，在从句中作主语，指物，故填that/which。
【45题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：这种古老的四川艺术形式可能不像以前那么普遍了，但它仍然有力量让游客们惊叹，当他们遇到才华横溢的街头艺术家时，他们会创作出这些令人惊叹的作品。tourist为可数名词，前文没有冠词，故用复数形式。故填tourists。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华。外教Hans在课堂上谈到的英式幽默，你很感兴趣，同时也想请教英语语法学习上的问题，请你给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1.写信目的；
2.你的感受及困难所在；
3.询问当面请教时间。
注意：1.词数80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Hans,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Hans,
I am Li Hua, a student of your class. Since I have some trouble in learning English grammar, I’m writing to ask you to give me some help.
To begin with, I am very interested in the English humor you mentioned in class, from which I’ve learned a lot of knowledge. But because I’m lack of knowing English culture, sometimes I find it hard to figure out how funny an English humor can be. What’s more, I am having some trouble in studying English grammar, for example I can’t distinguish the differences between the past tense and the present perfect tense. So I really hope I can consult you face to face. When will it be convenient for me to visit you?
I would appreciate it if you could give me a hand, looking forward to your reply.
Yours
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达为一篇应用文，要求学生给外教写一封求助信，向他请教英式幽默以及英语语法学习上的问题。
【详解】1.词汇积累：
对……感兴趣：be interested in→be fascinated by/be enthusiastic about
弄懂：figure out→make sense of/make certain
而且：what’s more→in addition/additionally/furthermore
感激：appreciate→be appreciative/be thankful
2.句式拓展：
原句：Since I have some trouble in learning English grammar, I’m writing to ask you to give me some help.
拓展句：Having some trouble in learning English grammar, I’m writing to ask you to give me some help.
【点睛】【高分句型1】
To begin with, I am very interested in the English humor you mentioned in class, from which I’ve learned a lot of knowledge.(运用了介词+which引导非限制性定语从句。)
【高分句型2】
I would appreciate it if you could give me a hand, looking forward to your reply.(运用了现在分词作状语。)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使其构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
The whole class burst out laughing as Mohi rushed into the classroom. He was a strange sight. His half-buttoned white shirt revealed a red striped pajama (睡衣) top underneath，and instead of white school shoes, he had on a pair of bright green sandals that were two sizes too big. The physics teacher’s hand froze in the middle of writing a formula on the blackboard.
Mohi murmured,“Sorry, teacher,”and rushed to his seat. Mr. Tan glared at the rest of the students. The chuckles(咯咯笑) quickly died down. Mohi’s classmates always looked forward to Mondays. Nine times out of ten, they would be entertained by Mohi’s late arrival and his odd appearance which usually included inappropriate clothing. That day, it was the pajama top and green sandals.
Mohi lived just a street away from the school. He walked to school daily. Students passing by in buses would yell his name at the same time just to see him jump and stop suddenly. When he spotted the merry crowd in the bus, he would wave good-naturedly. Although Mohi was likable, he was too lost in his own thoughts to make friends. His classmates found him amusing but they ignored him most of the time. Only Hamed, who sat next to Mohi, tried to be his friend.
The following Monday, Mohi did not turn up at school. His classmates were a little disappointed but quickly forgot about him. After school, Hamed decided to walk over to Mohi’s house to check on him. As he approached the gate, he could hear violin music. “Mohi must be listening to music, since he had never played music at school.”Hamed thought. He called Mohi’s name a few times but there was no response. The gate was not locked. Hamed let himself in. The music played on.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
As Hamed looked closely through a window, his eyes widened in surprise.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When Teacher’s Day came around, Hamed convinced the class to let Mohi perform.
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【答案】As Hamed looked closely through a window, his eyes widened in surprise. In the middle of the living room, Mohi was playing the violin. His eyes were closed in concentration as he drew the bow over the strings expertly. He played flawlessly so much so that it sounded like a recording. Then an idea hit Hamed. It was the tradition of the school to have a concert for the teachers. Every class had to contribute an item. It was a good chance for Mohito show his talent and be accepted by his classmates. Thinking of that, Hamed left quietly.
When Teacher’s Day came around, Hamed convinced the class to let Mohi perform. Short of ideas, the class agreed. On the day of the concert, both the teachers and students were surprised to see the school’s clumsiest student walking on stage with a violin. When he started to play, the audience fell silent. Jaws dropped. As the last note ended, there was a moment of silence. Then the audience erupted into thunderous applause. Mohi became a sensation and had many fans in his final year of school. Mohi and Hamed became the best of friends eventually.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了笨拙且不修边幅的Mohi一直是同学们的笑料，但好友Hamed发现了 Mohi 小提琴天赋，在Hamed举荐下，Mohi 教师节音乐会上进行了表演，Mohi得到了同学们的认可并成了轰动一时的名人。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Hamed透过窗户仔细看了看，惊讶地睁大了眼睛。”可知，第一段可描写Hamed发现Mohi拉小提琴拉得完美无瑕，Hamed想出一个主意，让Mohi展示他的才华。
②由第二段首句内容“当教师节来临的时候，Hamed说服全班同学让Mohi表演。”可知，第二段可描写Mohi的表演大获成功，得到同学们的认可。
2.续写线索：发现秘密——推荐表演——技惊四座——轰动一时
3.词汇激活
行为类
①突然意识到：hit/strike/occur to
②展示他的才华：show his talent/demonstrate his talent
③开始做某事：begin to do/start to do
情绪类
①专心地：in concentration /intently
②沉默：silence /quiet
【点睛】[高分句型1] His eyes were closed in concentration as he drew the bow over the strings expertly. (运用了as引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] When he started to play, the audience fell silent. Jaws dropped. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)