河南省许昌市魏都区许昌高级中学2022-2023学年高三下学期开学英语试题(含听力）（解析版）

这是一份河南省许昌市魏都区许昌高级中学2022-2023学年高三下学期开学英语试题(含听力）（解析版），共26页。试卷主要包含了 C 9等内容，欢迎下载使用。

河南省许昌高级中学2023—2024学年高三（上）定位考试
英 语
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚；
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，在试卷上作答无效；
3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How will the man go home?
A. On foot. B. By car. C. By bus.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: If you walk through the rain, you will get very wet. So take my car.
W: Don’t bother. I think I’ll go home by bus.
M: Suit yourself. I’ll go home first. I’m glad I drove here today.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Which meal are the speakers preparing?
A. Breakfast. B. Lunch. C. Dinner.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Don’t forget to prepare the bread, dear. And cook some eggs, too.
M: Anything else? I’d like the first big meal this morning.
W: Some butter and fruit will be fine for us.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Patient and nurse.
B. Hostess and audience.
C. Airline passenger and air hostess.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Sorry to trouble you, madam. But may I borrow a blanket? I feel cold.
W: Welcome aboard this flight. I think you’ve got one. Could you wait until after take-off, please?
M: OK, thank you so much!
W: It’s my pleasure.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the woman do for the man?
A. Update online news.
B. Keep the classes in order.
C. Make up for his missed lessons.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: I’m worried about the classes I missed when I was away.
W: Don’t worry. I will try to help you with what we’ve been learning.
M: That’s very kind of you.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man need to do next?
A. Speed up his car.
B. Slow down his car.
C. Avoid the road sign.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Jim, what is the speed of our car now?
M: 80 kilometers an hour.
W: The sign says the maximum speed is 70 kilometers an hour on this road.
M: OK. I have to drive more slowly.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听以下一段对话，完成以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6. What is the woman mainly doing?
A. Making complaints.
B. Quarreling with the man.
C. Seeking advice from her boss.
7. What does the woman think of her job?
A. Tiring but well-paid.
B. Relaxing and meaningful.
C. Challenging but interesting.
【答案】6 A 7. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi, Irene! You look a bit down. What’s wrong?
W: Work, work, work. I worked too hard. I feel tired and bored! Especially, I don’t like my boss. She’s too demanding.
M: But all bosses are demanding.
W: I know, but my boss treats me like a slave. She’s always telling me to do this and that.
M: At least you have a better job than mine.
W: That’s true, and my pay is good.
听以下一段对话，完成以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8 When does the conversation take place?
A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening.
9. How much will the woman pay in all?
A. ¥70. B. ¥80. C. ¥100.
【答案】8. C 9. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Madam. May I help you?
W: Can you tell me what time it is now?
M: It is just 8:00 pm.
W: It’s still early. Well, I want a facial. How long does it take?
M: We have half-hour and one-hour treatments.
W: How much are they?
M: Well, the half-hour facial treatment costs 50 yuan and the one-hour treatment costs 80 yuan. If you want make-up, you need pay another 20 yuan.
W: Good, I’ll take the half-hour facial treatment and add make-up.
M: Fine, madam.
听以下一段对话，完成以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

10. Where is Lynn studying?
A. In Madrid. B. In Cordoba. C. In Seville.
11. What is Lynn’s part-time job?
A. A waitress. B. A teacher. C. A psychologist.
12. What does Lynn like to do best in her free time?
A. Play tennis. B. Dance. C. Visit friends.
【答案】10. C 11. A 12. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello, Lynn. I know you’re from Spain. Which city are you from? From Madrid?
W: No, I’m from Cordoba in the South.
M: Mm, lovely. I’ve been there many times. And what do you do there, Lynn?
W: Well, I’m a student. I’m studying psychology at university in Seville, which is a big city near Cordoba.
M: Psychology! That’s interesting. And what do you plan to do when you graduate?
W: I’m not sure yet. But perhaps I will try to work in a hospital.
M: I see. And what do you usually do in your spare time?
W: Well, I don’t have much free time because I have to study a lot and I have a part-time job as a waitress in a restaurant. But I like to play tennis and see my friends. I also go dancing most.
M: That must be very amusing.
W: Of course. I really enjoy my present life.
听以下一段对话，完成以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

13. What does the man think of the meeting?
A. Complex. B. Interesting. C. Meaningless.
14. What is the man going to do this evening?
A. Write a letter. B. Attend a meeting. C. Throw rubbish.
15. What is the woman's attitude towards the environment?
A. Unfriendly. B. Concerned. C. Satisfied.
16. What does the woman suggest doing?
A. Printing out the poster.
B. Inviting Kate to have dinner.
C. Asking someone else for help.
【答案】13. B 14. A 15. B 16. C
【解析】
【原文】W: By the way, how did the meeting go?
M: It was quite interesting.
W: So what did you talk about?
M: Uh, recycling, mostly. We have this plan that everyone should write to the Council to ask them to collect more rubbish. According to the plan, I'm going to share this duty this evening.
W: Oh, I see. I think I might go to the next meeting. I've been meaning to do something... Um, I mean, I want to get more active about the environment.
M: Yes, we all need to focus on global warming, ice caps melting and pollution.
W: Yes, we're facing so many environmental problems. It's really frightening.
M: Well, there's something we could do right now. There's a poster we want to put up all over the college. We've decided to print it out and put it up at college. Do you want to help me?
W: Sure. It might be an idea to ask Kate to come, too. I think she would be glad to do this.
M: Yes, let's call her. Why don't we print it out right now?
W: Sure. Let's do it. Meanwhile, we can wait for Kate's arrival.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17. What does the speaker mainly talk about?
A. What courses the college offers.
B. Why today’s students need exercise.
C. How today’s students spend their money.
18. What does Sarah spend less money on?
A. Transport. B. Food. C. Clothes.
19. Who loves cycling?
A. Colin. B. Jack. C. Sarah.
20. How does Diana get her money?
A. By selling a lot of books.
B. By asking her parents for it.
C. By selling clothes made on her own.
【答案】17. C 18. B 19. A 20. C
【解析】
【原文】W: What is life like for today’s students? How do they treat money? As the university and college terms began, I interviewed a few students. Sarah is a second-year biology student. She says that money is a big problem. She can eat cheaply at university, but she spends quite a lot on transport. She also spends quite a lot on stylish clothes. Colin, who is studying engineering, says that he doesn’t spend anything on clothes unless counting climbing shoes and special tools, some of which are very expensive. Not much of his money goes on transport because he likes to ride his bike around. Diana is a first-year designing student. She makes all her own clothes. This should save her money. But in fact, the materials are very expensive. She does not know how she would manage if she did not sell some of the dresses and hats she made to other students. She says that everything is expensive. That includes rent, food, transport and heating for the flat in winter. Jack is a science student. He doesn’t spend much money on clothes but his rent is high and he spends quite a lot on books, so he is doing part-time jobs to afford all of these.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Breathtaking Places and Experiences for 2023
Looking for your next adventure? You’ll find it on our annual list of the world’s best destinations framed by three categories (Adventure, Family, and Culture) for travelers, and these destinations for 2023 are under the radar, ahead of the curve, and ready for you to start exploring.
Adventure: Adrenaline-pumping outdoor excursions
Trek to Choquequirao, Peru, an isolated Inca site that’s under the radar-but soon to be more accessible. In New Zealand, the country that invented bungee jumping, rekindle your sense of adventure post—pandemic. In Austria, hike the cross-country Bergsteigerdörfer network of mountaineering villages to sample local culture. Finally, add Revillagigedo National Park, Mexico, to your itinerary. Its protected waters hold one of the largest aggregations of sharks and manta rays in the world.
Family: Inspiring journeys for all ages
In Switzerland, ride the rails to quaint Alpine towns for chocolate, hiking, and skiing. Help save the turtles in Trinidad and Tobago, one of the most important leatherback turtle rookeries in the world. In California, U.S., gather around a campfire with Golden Gate views at Presidio Tunnel Tops and hike the urban Crosstown Trail. Go bird watching in the avian paradise that is Colombia, the enchanted land of Disney’s Encanto.
Culture: Places where history and heritage rule
Visit King Tut’s new home in Egypt at Cairo’s Grand Egyptian Museum and see Luxor’s Avenue of the Sphinxes. Make a pilgrimage through history along Italy’s Appian Way, Europe’s ancient “superhighway”. Explore culture and history—with a side of Low Country cuisine—at the International African American Museum in Charleston, South Carolina. See one of the world’s largest assemblages of stone statues at Longmen Grottoes, a UNESCO World Heritage site in Henan Province, China.
21. Where will you go if you want to experience bungee jumping?
A. Choquequirao, Peru. B. New Zealand.
C. Austria. D. Revillagigedo National Park, Mexico.
22. What will tourists do in Trinidad and Tobago?
A. Enjoy a campfire. B. Watch birds.
C. Go skiing. D. Protect marine animals.
23. What do the places in the last paragraph have in common?
A They focus on history and heritage.
B. They show the advantage of the family tour.
C. They are the top of their kind.
D. They are of the same time.
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章介绍了2023年度以冒险、家庭和文化分类的几处全球最佳旅游目的地。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In New Zealand, the country that invented bungee jumping, rekindle your sense of adventure post—pandemic.”（在新西兰，这个发明了蹦极的国家，重新点燃你在疫情后的冒险感。）可知，如果你想去体验蹦极，可以去新西兰。故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Help save the turtles in Trinidad and Tobago, one of the most important leatherback turtle rookeries in the world.”（在特立尼达和多巴哥帮助拯救海龟，这是世界上最重要的棱皮龟栖息地之一。）可知，游客在特立尼达和多巴哥可以保护海洋动物。故选D。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段黑体主题句“Culture: Places where history and heritage rule”（文化:历史和遗产统治的地方）及全段内容可知，该段中提到的地方都是有关各国的历史文化和文化遗产的。故选A。
B
One day, a young man went to Dr. Conwell and told him he wanted a college education but couldn’t afford it. Dr. Conwell decided, at that moment, what his aim in life was, besides being a man of the cloth. He decided to build a university for unfortunate, but deserving, students. He did have a challenge, however. He would need a few million dollars to build the university. For Dr. Conwell, and anyone with real purpose in life, nothing could stand in the way of his goal.
Several years before this incident, Dr. Conwell was attracted by a true story with its ageless moral. The story was about a farmer who lived in Africa and through a visitor became excited about looking for diamonds. Diamonds were already discovered in abundance on the African continent and this farmer got so excited about the idea of millions of dollars’ worth of diamonds that he sold his farm to head for the diamond line. He wandered all over the continent, constantly searching for diamonds, wealth, which he never found. Eventually he went completely broke and threw himself into a river and died.
Meanwhile, the new owner of his farm picked up an unusual-looking rock about the size of an egg and put it on his mantle (斗篷) as a sort of curiosity. A visitor stopped by. He told the new owner that the funny-looking rock was about the biggest diamond that had ever been found. The new owner shouted, “God, the whole farm is covered with them.”
The farm turned out to be the Kimberly Diamond Mine, the richest the world has ever known. The original farmer was literally standing on “Acres of Diamonds” until he sold his farm.
Dr. Conwell learned from the story of the farmer and continued to teach its moral. Opportunity does not just come along; it is there all the time-we just have to see it. Dr. Conwell told the story over and over again on many occasions for raising money to start the college for poor students. In fact, he raised nearly six million dollars and the university he founded, Temple University in Philadelphia, has at least ten degree-granting colleges and six other schools.
24. What caused Dr. Conwell to build a university?
A. His wife’s suggestion. B. A young man’s requirement.
C. A millionaire’s donation. D. His education experience.
25. Why did the farmer give up his farm?
A. He wanted to wander around the world.
B. He planned to build a university.
C. He threw himself into a river.
D. He meant to seek his fortune.
26. In which condition did the new owner find the Kimberly Diamond Mine?
A. He exchanged his rock for eggs. B. He sold his mantles to visitors.
C. He decorated his mantle by a rock. D. He sorted out the whole farm.
27. Which of the following best describes Dr. Conwell?
A. Adaptable. B. Considerate.
C. Disciplined. D. Purposeful.
【答案】24. B 25. D 26. C 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Dr. Conwell受到启发，通过演讲自己钟爱的故事筹集了大量的黄金为贫困年轻人创建了一所大学的故事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“One day, a young man went to Dr. Conwell and told him he wanted a college education but couldn’t afford it. Dr. Conwell decided, at that moment, what his aim in life was, besides being a man of the cloth. He decided to build a university for unfortunate, but deserving, students.(一天，一个年轻人去找Conwell博士，告诉他他想上大学，但负担不起。在那一刻，Conwell博士决定了他的人生目标，除了做一名神职人员。他决定为那些不幸但值得尊敬的学生建一所大学)”可知，一位年轻人的要求促使Conwell博士建立了一所大学，故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“The story was about a farmer who lived in Africa and through a visitor became excited about looking for diamonds. Diamonds were already discovered in abundance on the African continent and this farmer got so excited about the idea of millions of dollars’ worth of diamonds that he sold his farm to head for the diamond line. He wandered all over the continent, constantly searching for diamonds, wealth, which he never found.(这个故事是关于一个住在非洲的农民，通过一个来访者，他对寻找钻石感到兴奋。非洲大陆上已经发现了大量的钻石，这个农民对价值数百万美元的钻石的想法感到非常兴奋，以至于他卖掉了自己的农场，前往有钻石的地方。他走遍了整个大陆，不断地寻找钻石和财富，但他从未找到)”可知，农民放弃了他的农场是因为他想寻找钻石，打算发财。故选D。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Meanwhile, the new owner of his farm picked up an unusual-looking rock about the size of an egg and put it on his mantle (斗篷) as a sort of curiosity. A visitor stopped by. He told the new owner that the funny-looking rock was about the biggest diamond that had ever been found.(与此同时，他的农场的新主人拿起一块看起来很不寻常的石头，大约有一个鸡蛋大小，把它放在他的斗篷上，作为一种好奇心。一位访客路过。他告诉新主人，这块看起来很滑稽的石头是迄今为止发现的最大的钻石)”可知，他用一块石头装饰他的披风时发现了钻石。故选C。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Dr. Conwell told the story over and over again on many occasions for raising money to start the college for poor students. In fact, he raised nearly six million dollars and the university he founded, Temple University in Philadelphia, has at least ten degree-granting colleges and six other schools.(为了筹钱开办这所面向贫困学生的大学，Conwell博士在许多场合一遍又一遍地讲述这个故事。事实上，他筹集了近600万美元，他在费城创办的Temple University至少有10所授予学位的学院和6所其他学院)”可推知，Conwell博士是一个发现了机会就坚持不懈的人，也就是说他是一个目标明确的人，故选D。
C
Self-regulation, i. e., the ability to manage attention, emotions and impulses, as well as to pursue individual goals with perseverance, is not a skill that we usually associate with young children. However, studies show that people who demonstrated self-regulation as children go on to have on average higher income, better health and greater life satisfaction.
An international team used a randomized controlled study in elementary schools involving more than 500 first graders. The research team was able to show that even a short training unit led to a significant and sustainable improvement in self-regulation. The training did not just affect self-regulation abilities; the children had significantly improved reading ability and an improved focus on careless mistakes one year after the training, and were also considerably more likely to be admitted to a selective academic secondary school three years after the training.
The training units were based on the MCII (Mental Contrasting with Implementation Intentions) Strategy, which has already been the subject of excellent research studies in adults and older students. The teachers presented the abstract strategy in a playful manner using a picture book and the role model of a hurdle jumper. In the first step, the children imagined the positive effects of reaching a goal. They contrasted them with the obstacles that they might face on the way (Mental Contrasting). The children then identified specific behaviors to face the obstacles and develop “when-then” plans (Implementation Intentions).
“The special feature of the study is the long-term ripple effects that this short training unit can have. These effects benefit the child, and they are transferred in many ways to society as a whole over the course of the child’s life,” says Daniel Schunk, a professor of public and behavioral economics at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz. “The fact that early investments in such fundamental skills not only benefit the child alone, but also society, should be given more attention to in education policy.”
28. What can be learned from the first paragraph?
A. Children have no self-regulation ability.
B. Perseverance is the key to one’s success.
C. Rich people are more likely to regulate themselves.
D. Children with self-control will enjoy their lives later on.
29. What may happen after children receive the training?
A. They focus more on grades. B. They do better academically.
C. They can write more efficiently. D. They make no careless mistakes.
30. Why a picture book is used in the training?
A. To attract more children to the training.
B. To help promote children’s imagination.
C. To better teach children how to reach a goal.
D. To make it easier for children to understand.
31. What is Daniel Schunk’s attitude to the study?
A. Optimistic. B. Suspicious.
C. Cautious. D. Ambiguous.
【答案】28. D 29. B 30. D 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，从小拥有自我调节能力的人，长大后会有更高的收入、更好的健康状况和更高的生活满意度。因此，从小学习自我调节的技能对孩子来说是必要的。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“However, studies show that people who demonstrated self-regulation as children go on to have on average higher income, better health and greater life satisfaction. (然而，研究表明，小时候表现出自我调节能力的人长大后平均收入更高，身体更健康，生活满意度更高。)”可知，研究表明，从小拥有自我调节能力的人，长大后会有更高的收入、更好的健康状况和更高的生活满意度，即会享受以后的生活。故选D。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“The training did not just affect self-regulation abilities; the children had significantly improved reading ability and an improved focus on careless mistakes one year after the training, and were also considerably more likely to be admitted to a selective academic secondary school three years after the training. (调练不仅影响了自我调节能力；在训练结束一年后，孩子们的阅读能力显著提高，对粗心错误的关注也有所提高，而且在训练结束三年后更有可能被录取到较好的中学。)”可知，孩子接受训练后在学业上做得更好了。故选B。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第二、三句“The teachers presented the abstract strategy in a playful manner using a picture book and the role model of a hurdle jumper. In the first step, the children imagined the positive effects of reaching a goal. (老师们用绘本和跨栏运动员的榜样，以一种有趣的方式呈现抽象的策略。在第一步，孩子们想象达到目标的积极影响。)”可推断，使用图面书的目的是帮助孩子更容易地理解抽象的概念。故选D。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““The special feature of the study is the long-term ripple effects that this short training unit can have. These effects benefit the child, and they are transferred in many ways to society as a whole over the course of the child’s life,” says Daniel Schunk, a professor of public and behavioral economics at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz. “The fact that early investments in such fundamental skills not only benefit the child alone, but also society, should be given more attention to in education policy.”(“这项研究的特别之处在于这种短期训练单位可能产生的长期连锁反应。这些影响对孩子有益，而且在孩子的一生中，它们以许多方式转移到整个社会。”美因茨约翰内斯·古腾堡大学的公共和行为经济学教授丹尼尔·舒克说，“早期对这些基本技能的投资不仅有利于孩子，也有利于社会，这一事实应该在教育政策中得到更多的关注。”)”可推断，丹尼尔·申克对此研究持乐观态度。故选A。
D
Your child is unique but what all children have in common is natural curiosity and an ability to learn they are born with. Our brains are active all the time, and a baby’s brain is the busiest of all. Research has shown that babies begin to understand language about twice as fast as they actually speak it. By showing children other languages at an early age, you are giving them the opportunity to make use of their natural ability to hear and recognize between the sounds of other languages, and their ability to make sense of what they are hearing.
Communication is something that children do to help them achieve something else, and they are unaware of the large amount of learning taking place. They take everything in through their senses, making connections between what they hear, see, smell, taste and touch. As long as we provide the right conditions, their learning and development will take place in a natural way.
In your child’s early years, the emotional environment is just as important as the physical environment. Children learn when they feel safe, happy, valued and listened to. This is central to any learning experience in a child’s early years, including learning an additional language. Your child has a trial-and-error approach to its development, and making mistakes is a valuable part of the learning process. When children learn an additional language at an early age, they get the benefits of experimenting with that language as a natural part of their development. Their progress isn’t prevented by a fear of getting it wrong, and very young children are simply working their way towards getting it right.
The long-term benefits of learning another language go beyond being able to communicate with others. Studies suggest that children learning an additional language tend to score better on standardized tests because learning languages develops listening, observation, problem-solving and critical (批判性的) thinking skills. These are skills that are of life-long benefit, both personally and professionally. Encouraging in children a love of language at an early age prepares them well for school and for life.
32. What do we know about Children according to Paragraph 1?
A. Children are busy playing.
B. Children are born to speak.
C. Children are good at speaking native language.
D. Children have a better ability to learn other languages.
33. While learning a language, children __________.
A. speak to themselves B. need to have language classes
C. make use of their different senses D. notice how much they have learned
34. Children learn when they __________.
A. are in bad emotion B. do not make mistakes
C. learn from their mistakes D. are taught by their teachers
35. In fact learning another language helps children to _________.
A. take more tests
B. have a good time
C. encourage themselves
D. develop life-long skills
【答案】32. D 33. C 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了孩子具有很强的语言学习能力，在孩子小的时候就给他们学习其他语言的机会，有利于孩子培养他们的听力、观察、解决问题和批判性思维能力，这些技能是终身受益的。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“By showing children other languages at an early age, you are giving them the opportunity to make use of their natural ability to hear and recognize between the sounds of other languages, and their ability to make sense of what they are hearing. (在孩子很小的时候就向他们展示其他语言，你就给了他们机会去利用他们天生倾听的能力和识别其他语言声音的能力，以及理解他们所听到的东西的能力。)”可知，孩子们学习其他语言的能力更强。故选D项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“They take everything in through their senses, making connections between what they hear, see, smell, taste and touch.  (他们通过感官吸收一切，将他们的听觉、视觉、嗅觉、味觉和触觉联系起来。)”可知，学习语言时，孩子们会利用他们不同的感官。故选C项。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Your child has a trial-and-error approach to its development, and making mistakes is a valuable part of the learning process. (你的孩子在成长过程中有一种反复尝试的方法，犯错误是学习过程中很有价值的一部分。)”可知，孩子们能从错误中学习。故选C项。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“ Studies suggest that children learning an additional language tend to score better on standardized tests because learning languages develops listening, observation, problem-solving and critical (批判性) thinking skills. These are skills that are of life-long benefit, both personally and professionally.  (研究表明，学习额外一门语言的孩子在标准化考试中更容易取得好成绩，因为学习语言可以培养他们的听力、观察、解决问题和批判性思维能力。这些技能对个人和职业都是终身受益的。)”可知，事实上，学习另一种语言可以帮助孩子发展终身技能。故选D项。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Decision hard
From the moment we wake up each day, we’re faced with a continuous stream of choices.____36____, when there are too many options. This is decision fatigue (疲劳), a state of mental overload that can impede (妨碍) our ability to make additional decisions.
When decision fatigue kicks in, you may feel like you just don’t have the mental bandwidth to deal with more decisions. ____37____. As a result, you avoid making certain choices entirely, go with the default option or make ones that aren’t in line with your goals or values, experts say.
Here’s how to minimize or manage this phenomenon:
____38____. Some easy ways to do this: When you go grocery shopping, use a master list that has the same staples, and buy the same brands each time.____39____. And if you’re trying to exercise regularly, devote a consistent amount of time for it every day.
Tune into how you’re feeling. Be watchful of signs of decision fatigue and act accordingly: If you’ve had a demanding day that was filled with lots of decisions, put off making another one if you can. If things that wouldn’t normally upset you start bothering you, consider that a sign that you may not be in the best state of mind to make a major decision. “People may not realize that they’re experiencing decision fatigue,” Baumeister, a professor of psychology at the University of Queensland in Australia, says. “____40____.”
A. Make some choices automatic
B. It’s something to watch out for
C. They should turn to the experts for advice
D. Put down what you have in hand and take a break from them
E. This can lead to decisional disfunction or decreased self-control
F. If you like having oatmeal for breakfast, stick with it on a daily basis
G. We tend to feel overwhelmed, anxious, stressed or otherwise out of sorts
【答案】36. G 37. E 38. A 39. F 40. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。当有太多的选择时，我们往往会感到不知所措、焦虑、压力或其他状态不佳。这就是“决策疲劳”，一种精神超负荷的状态，它会阻碍我们做出更多决定的能力。文章介绍了什么是决策疲劳，以及应对的措施。
【36题详解】
根据下文“This is decision fatigue (疲劳), a state of mental overload that can impede (妨碍) our ability to make additional decisions.(这就是决策疲劳，一种精神超负荷的状态，它会阻碍我们做出更多决定的能力)”可知，当有太多选择时，我们会产生决策疲劳，会产生一些负面影响。由此可知，G. We tend to feel overwhelmed, anxious, stressed or otherwise out of sorts(我们往往感到不堪重负、焦虑、压力或其他不舒服)符合此处语境，正是“决策疲劳”的一些具体表现。故选G。
【37题详解】
根据上文“When decision fatigue kicks in, you may feel like you just don’t have the mental bandwidth to deal with more decisions.(当决策疲劳开始时，你可能会觉得自己没有足够的脑力来处理更多的决策)”可知，E. This can lead to decisional disfunction or decreased self-control(这可能导致决策功能障碍或自我控制能力下降)符合此处语境，讲述的是没有足够的脑力来处理更多的决策产生的结果。故选E。
【38题详解】
根据下文“Some easy ways to do this: When you go grocery shopping, use a master list that has the same staples, and buy the same brands each time.(有一些简单的方法可以做到这一点：当你去杂货店购物时，使用一份有相同主要商品的总清单，每次都买相同的品牌)”及“And if you’re trying to exercise regularly, devote a consistent amount of time for it every day.(如果你想有规律地锻炼，每天花一定的时间来锻炼)”可知，本段讲述的是避免繁杂的选择，坚持常规的选择。由此可知，A. Make some choices automatic(让一些选择自动进行)符合此处语境，能够作本段主题句。故选A。
【39题详解】
根据下文“And if you’re trying to exercise regularly, devote a consistent amount of time for it every day.(如果你想有规律地锻炼，每天花一定的时间来锻炼)”可知，F. If you like having oatmeal for breakfast, stick with it on a daily basis(如果你喜欢早餐吃燕麦片，那就坚持每天吃)符合此处语境，句式相符，且都是讲述的常规的选择。故选F。
【40题详解】
根据本段主题句“Tune into how you’re feeling.(了解自己的感受)”及上文“People may not realize that they’re experiencing decision fatigue(人们可能没有意识到他们正在经历决策疲劳)”可知，B. It’s something to watch out for(这是需要注意的事情)符合此处语境，这里是澳大利亚昆士兰大学的心理学教授鲍迈斯特对人们的提醒。故选B。
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题； 每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As a kid, my life was like a kid adventure movie. My parents always played the parts of ____41____actors in the movie, leaving me as the shining star.
My father could ____42____ anything even if he was not a repairman. He always seemed to know exactly where he was going, and knew the most efficient ____43____ to get there. I never heard him express any doubts. His air of ____44____ made our home a safe place.
But since I became a father myself, I’ve come to ____45____ that my dad must have had moments of confusion. It never showed, and we never talked about it. I also began to ____46____ my father’s efforts as he worked ____47____ to provide for his family. Later I ____48____ stories about his dreams ____49____ in the name of being a “father”. Despite his talent in baseball, he gave up that_____50_____ career to become my dad. I began to understand the balancing act he faced: family vs. the dampened _____51_____ of his own soul. He _____52_____ his personal dream to go after what was considered a higher calling — that of giving his kid a(n) _____53_____ to follow his dreams.
Now I hope to give my kids the greatest gift my father gave me — warm, gentle _____54_____ of their childhood. No matter how difficult their lives may become later on, they’ll always be able to take _____55_____ in those sweet memories.
41. A. supporting B. leading C. temporary D. ambitious
42. A. design B. purchase C. fix D. change
43. A. system B. service C. route D. profit
44. A. bravery B. confidence C. commitment D. inspiration
45. A. remember B. expect C. imagine D. realize
46. A. ignore B. admit C. appreciate D. assess
47. A. legally B. tirelessly C. doubtfully D. bravely
48. A. heard B. told C. predicted D. continued
49. A. created B. sacrificed C. transformed D. pursued
50. A. challenging B. forbidding C. encouraging D. promising
51. A. fires B. aspects C. strengths D. peaces
52. A. checked on B. believed in C. jumped at D. set aside
53. A. choice B. opportunity C. reward D. present
54. A. memories B. character C. assistance D. instructions
55. A. action B. risk C. comfort D. care
【答案】41. A 42. C 43. C 44. B 45. D 46. C 47. B 48. A 49. B 50. D 51. A 52. D 53. B 54. A 55. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的父亲为了家庭和孩子放弃自己的梦想的故事。
【41题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的父母总是在电影中扮演配角，让我成为最闪亮的明星。A. supporting辅助性的；B. leading主要的；C. temporary临时的；D. ambitious有抱负的。根据上文“my life was like a kid adventure movie”和句中“leaving me as the shining star.”可知，父母是作者的儿童冒险电影中的配角；supporting actor“配角”。故选A项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使我父亲不是修理工，他也会修理任何东西。A. design设计；B. purchase购买；C. fix修理；D. change改变。根据句中“ even if he was not a repairman”可知，父亲会修理东西。故选C项。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他似乎总是清楚地知道自己要去哪里，也知道到达那里的最有效路线。A. system系统；B. service服务；C. route路线；D. profit利润。根据句中“know exactly where he was going”和“to get there.”可知，父亲知道最有效的路线。故选C项。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的自信使我们家变得安全。A. bravery勇气；B. confidence信心；C. commitment承诺；D. inspiration灵感。根据上文“I never heard him express any doubts.”可知，父亲非常自信。故选B项。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但自从我自己当了父亲后，我开始意识到我父亲一定有过困惑的时候。A. remember记住；B. expect期望；C. imagine想象；D. realize意识到。上文讲作者觉得父亲非常自信，结合句中“my dad must have had moments of confusion”可知，作者自己当了爸爸后，意识到父亲其实也有困惑的时候。故选D项。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我也开始感激父亲的努力，因为他不知疲倦地工作来养家糊口。A. ignore忽视；B. admit承认；C. appreciate感激；D. assess评估。根据句中“my father’s efforts as he worked 　　7　　　 to provide for his family”可知，作者感激父亲为家庭作出的努力。故选C项。
【47题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我也开始感激父亲的努力，因为他不知疲倦地工作来养家糊口。A. legally合法地；B. tirelessly不知疲倦地；C. doubtfully怀疑地；D. bravely勇敢地。根据句中“my father’s efforts”和“provide for his family”可推知，父亲不知疲倦地工作来养家糊口。故选B项。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来我听到了他为了做一个“父亲”而牺牲梦想的故事。A. heard听到；B. told告诉；C. predicted预测；D. continued继续。根据句中“stories about his dreams”可知，作者听到关于父亲的梦想的故事。故选A项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来我听到了他为了做一个“父亲”而牺牲梦想的故事。A. created创造；B. sacrificed牺牲；C. transformed改变；D. pursued追求。根据下文“Despite his talent in baseball, he gave up...”可知，父亲放弃了自己的天分，牺牲了自己的梦想。故选B项。
【50题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管他在棒球方面很有天赋，但他放弃了那个有前途的职业，成为了我的父亲。A. challenging具有挑战性的；B. forbidding禁止的；C. encouraging鼓舞人心的；D. promising有前途的。根据句中“his talent in baseball”可知，父亲在棒球方面很有天赋，棒球是更有前途的职业。故选D项。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始明白他所面临的平衡：家庭与他自己灵魂中被抑制的激情。A. fires激情，热情；B. aspects方面；C. strengths优势；D. peaces和平。根据上文“Despite his talent in baseball”和下文“his personal dream”可知，父亲在家庭和自己的棒球梦想，自己的激情之间平衡，最后选择了家庭。故选A项。
【52题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他把自己的个人梦想放在一边，去追求被认为是更高的使命——给他的孩子一个追随梦想的机会。A. checked on检查；B. believed in相信；C. jumped at抓住；D. set aside把……放在一边；把……抛在脑后。根据上文“Despite his talent in baseball, he gave up that　　10　　 career to become my dad.”和“to go after what was considered a higher calling”可知，父亲把个人梦想放到了一边。故选D项。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把自己的个人梦想放在一边，去追求被认为是更高的使命——给他的孩子一个追随梦想的机会。A. choice选择；B. opportunity机会；C. reward奖励；D. present现在。根据句中“to follow his dreams.”可知，父亲想要给作者追逐梦想的机会。故选B项。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，我希望把父亲给我的最好的礼物——温暖、温柔的童年回忆——送给孩子们。A. memories记忆；B. character性格；C. assistance协助；D. instructions指示。根据下文“they’ll always be able to take　　15　　 in those sweet memories.”可知，作者想像父亲一样，给自己的孩子留下温暖、温柔的童年回忆。故选A项。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管他们以后的生活有多困难，他们都能从这些甜蜜的回忆中得到安慰。A. action行动；B. risk风险；C. comfort安慰；D. care小心。根据句中“sweet memories”可知，这些记忆能给人带来安慰。故选C项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong ____56____ royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully ____57____ (build) system of ring roads.
But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place ____58____ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural ____59____ (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, ____60____ somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. ____61____ (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I ____62____ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. As a photographer, I have spent the last two years ___63___ (record) everything I discovered.
The ____64____ (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, ______65______ (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
【答案】56. to 57. built
58. which##that
59. wonders
60. but 61. Having visited
62. was amazed
63. recording
64. remarkable
65. means
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京这座城市的古老建筑和现代化发展之间的独特结合，同时探讨了城市如何在不断发展的同时保护其丰富的遗产。作者作为一名摄影师，记录了这座城市的变化，并表示将来还会继续拍摄北京的风貌。
【56题详解】
考查介词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，从狭窄的胡同到皇家宫殿，它拥有3000多年的辉煌历史，甚至从它的布局来看，这座城市一直保持着精心建造的环城道路系统。根据上文的“From Buddhist temples to museums”可知，空处和上文保持一致，表示“从……到……”，用介词to。故填to。
【57题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，狭窄的胡同和皇家宫殿，它是3000多年辉煌历史的家园，即使是在它的布局上，这座城市也保持着精心建造的环城公路系统。这里为非谓语动词担当定语，表示“精心建造的……”，和被修饰词“system of ring roads”之间为被动关系，用过去分词。故填built。
【58题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。这里为定语从句的关系代词，先行词为“a place”，在定语从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。
【59题详解】
考查名词。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式；根据下文的“historical buildings of the past”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填wonders。
【60题详解】
考查连词。句意：但不知何故，这两个截然不同的世界却很好地结合在了一起。空前“It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work,”和空后“somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.”之间存在转折关系，用but。故填but。
【61题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句主语“I”之间为主动关系；根据时间状语“over the last 10 years”可知，用完成时态，由此推断，空处用现在分词的完成时态。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Having visited。
【62题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。
【63题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名摄影师，我花了两年时间记录我发现的一切。spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语，用动名词形式。故填recording。
【64题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这个城市的显著发展，是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界，这意味着这里总是有新的东西可以发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰名词“development of this city”。故填remarkable。
【65题详解】
考查时态。句意：这座城市的显著发展，在有意识地保护过去的同时步入现代世界，意味着这里总是有新的东西等待发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“development”，单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填means。
【点睛】

第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66. 假定你是学生会主席李华，近期你学校开展“党在我心中”英文演讲比赛活动，你代表学生会邀请你的一位外籍老师Mary参加此次活动，并担任评委工作。内容包括：
1.活动时间和地点；
2.活动主题为“党在我心中”；
3.比赛主要议程。
4.期待参与。
注意：
1.词数100左右;
2.符合英文邀请函格式要求。
3.参考词汇：
中国共产党the Communist Party of China (or the CPC)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Mary:
On behalf of our student union, I sincerely invite you to participate in an English speech contest and serve as a judge.
Aimed to raise the awareness of loving our Party, a speech contest themed “the CPC in my heart” will be held in Academic Reporting Hall at 3:00 p.m. on November 20. After all the competitors finish their speeches, each judge will make a comment on the speakers, and give a mark comprehensively. According to the scores, the competitors will be awarded different prizes. At the end of the competition, the winners will have photos taken with all the judges.
I am looking forward to your participation.
Yours
LiHua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教写一封学校活动的邀请信。
【详解】词汇积累
代表：On behalf of→ representing
真诚地：sincerely→ faithfully
参加：participate in→ join in → take part in
比赛：contest→ competition
旨在：aimed to→ intended to
评论：make a comment on→ comment on
综合地：comprehensively→ overall
期待：looking forward to→ anticipate
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句1：At the end of the competition, the winners will have photos taken with all the judges.
拓展句1：When the competition come to an end, the winners will have photos taken with all the judges.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Aimed to raise the awareness of loving our Party, a speech contest themed “the CPC in my heart” will be held in Academic Reporting Hall at 3:00 p.m. on November 20.（运用了分词作状语。）
【高分句型2】After all the competitors finish their speeches, each judge will make a comment on the speakers, and give a mark comprehensively.（运用了时间状语从句。）
第二节（满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两端，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I have a 6-year-old boy, Sam. He is autistic(患自闭症的). Thus, dining out can be terrible. Though he loves to eat out, he dislikes the loud noise in a restaurant. He has a method to solve it: overpower(压倒) all noise with a much louder noise of his own.
This begins what I think of as fighting tables: neighboring parties raise their voice followed by Sam raising his until the loudest point of the noise is reached, making us quite unpopular with other dinners.
Faced with a possible long-time dining alone, I decided to teach my son table manners with his favourite chocolate cake at a new modern cake shop early one Tuesday night.
To my joy, we arrived at an empty cake shop. Everything went well until women entered. Neatly dressed in a simple way, they were two tables away from us. I felt a sense of bad luck coming.
The women began to chat, paying little attention to us. Sam happily took this as his start to talk loudly and overpower them. I asked Sam for a quiet voice, but unluckily Sam had left that voice at home. I looked at the neighboring table, knowing we wouldn’t go noticed much longer. I planned to ask Sam to eat quickly and leave. Sam, who usually has food unhurriedly, refused to accept the sudden idea of fast dining, and he kept talking endlessly.
“SHUSH!” I said, a little angry. Sam laughed loudly as his reply. “Be quiet!” I could see that the two women were now watching us.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡上相应位置作答。
Finally, the older of the two women came over.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
It turned out to be a perfect night.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Finally, the older of the two women came over. Here came the bad luck, I thought. She completely surprised me when she said, “Honey, stop shushing your boy. Clearly, he has something important to say. He can talk as much as he wants. I want to hear everything he wishes to say.” Smiling, she added, “You have a lovely boy. Relax and enjoy your dinner—and don’t let him forget the chocolate cake.” Sam smiled because finally, someone wanted him to do what he did best: make noise and eat chocolate cake.
It turned out to be a perfect night. I met a wonderful woman who was clearly god-sent. Sam found the chocolate cake to be heavenly, too. I will always remember that lovely lady. Her kindness meant the world to a stressed-out mom. Whenever she is, we’re sending her lots of thanks. Her kind words do not cost much. Yet they achieve much.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的儿子山姆患有自闭症，他喜欢外出吃饭，但不喜欢餐馆的噪音。一旦有噪音，他经常用他自己更大的噪音盖过所有的噪音。一次，作者决定在一家新开的现代蛋糕店用儿子最喜欢的巧克力蛋糕教他餐桌礼仪。刚开始，一切很顺利。几位女性顾客进来并开始聊天，儿子突然大声制止她们的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“最后，年长的那个女性走了过来。”可知，第一段可描写那位年长的女性安慰作者儿子的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“结果是一个完美的夜晚。”可知，第二段可描写作者感激这位年长的女性。
2.续写线索：担心——安慰——欣慰——感激
3.词汇激活
行为类
①想：think/suppose
②.遇到：meet/come across
③.记得：remember /keep in mind/bear in mind
情绪类
①.感谢：sending her lots of thanks /show our gratitude/be grateful
②.微笑：smile / beam on
【点睛】[高分句型1]. I want to hear everything he wishes to say.（运用省略关系代词that的定语从句）
[高分句型2]. Whenever she is, we’re sending her lots of thanks.（运用了whenever引导的时间状语从句）