【2024年高考英语一轮复习模拟卷】第三模拟（江苏卷）- 2024年高考英语一轮复习模拟卷（解析版）

这是一份【2024年高考英语一轮复习模拟卷】第三模拟（江苏卷）- 2024年高考英语一轮复习模拟卷（解析版），共24页。试卷主要包含了B．At 8等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2024年高考英语一轮复习模拟卷
第三模拟（江苏专用）

注意事项: 1. 答题前, 考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚, 将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂; 非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写, 字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3. 请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答, 超出答题区域书写的答案无效; 在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4. 作图可先使用铅笔画出, 确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5. 保持卡面清洁, 不要折叠, 不要弄破、弄皱, 不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．（2023·福建泉州·高三福建省永春第一中学校模拟）What does the man want?
A．Pig dolls. B．Ship models. C．Some chips.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Hey mom, are you at the supermarket now?
W: Hello? Sweetie, the sound isn’t very clear.
M: Don’t forget to bring me some chips, and I don’t want a small bag. I want a big one.
W: A pig ship? What is it? A model? I can’t hear you clearly. You can text me.
2．（2023·湖南长沙·高三雅礼中学校考练习）Why does Paul come to the woman’s house this morning?
A．To attend a party. B．To show gratitude. C．To look for his phone.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Good morning, Hailey. I had a wonderful time at your house-warming party last night.
W: Good morning, Paul. I am glad that you came.
M: But can you please help check if my phone is in your house? I can’t find it after leaving the party.
3．（2023·湖南永州·统考模拟）What did the woman do last night?
A．She watched a show. B．She gave a performance. C．She went to see her sister.
【答案】A
【原文】M: Did you see the animal show last night?
W: Yes. My sister got me a ticket for the performance. Those animals were so cute.
4．（2023·湖南岳阳·统考模拟预测）How does the woman probably feel?
A．Annoyed. B．Excited. C．Puzzled.
【答案】A
【原文】W: Stop checking emails! We are in the middle of a vacation!
M: Okay! One more minute and I’ll switch it off.
5．（2023·辽宁沈阳·沈阳市第一中学校考模拟）What does the woman say about the course?
A．It is tough. B．It is bad. C．It is easy.
【答案】A
【原文】M: Is that physics course really as hard as everybody says?
W: Worse, believe it or not.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话或独白后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
（2023·辽宁·沈阳市第一中学校考模拟）听下面一段较长对话，回答6、7小题。
6．What does the woman say about Jack?
A．He is easy-going. B．He is too proud. C．He is caring about others.
7．Who is crazy about rock bands?
A．Tom. B．Carol. C．Mark.
【答案】6．B 7．A
【原文】M: So Lucy, what do you think of the people working here in the news office?
W: I think most of them are fine and are easy to get along with, but I don’t like Jack. He`s very proud of himself. I feel that people who are too confident care little about others’ opinions.
M: Yes, I agree. I think Mark is fascinating. He always has something intelligent to say.
W: Yes, and Carol’s fun to be with. I really look forward to hearing her jokes every day. What do you think of Tom?
M: He`s all right. He’s very quiet, so it`s hard to know what kind of person he really is. All I know is that he’s crazy about rock bands.
W: Really? So cool.
（2023·浙江舟山·舟山中学校考模拟预测）听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8．What did the speakers see?
A．A ballet. B．A concert. C．A film.
9．What made the woman fall asleep?
A．The hot weather. B．The quiet music. C．The boring performance.
【答案】8．A 9．B
【原文】M: That was one of the best performances I’ve ever been to! Did you see how many tums Misty Copeland did?
W: Uh, yeah. She was impressive.
M: You don’t sound so enthusiastic. Didn’t you like the show?
W: Well, I didn’t actually see much of it. The music was so calming and quiet that it sent me to sleep.
M: Are you saying that you feel asleep? How could you miss one of the most significant ballets of our time? I thought you loved Swan Lake.
W: Yes, but I feel clear now.
M: I’ve fallen asleep at shows before, but it was because they were boring or it was too hot in the theater. What a shame!
（2023·江苏·南京市第一中学校考模拟预测）听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．When is the reality show on?
A．At 7:00. B．At 8:30. C．At 9:00.
11．Why won’t the woman watch Avatar?
A．It’s too long. B．She’s seen it many times. C．Much action is involved in it.
12．What is the home improvement show about?
A．Cleaning the house. B．Decorating the bathroom. C．Fixing things around the house.
【答案】10．A 11．B 12．C
【原文】M: So, what do you want to watch on TV tonight?
W: What’s on?
M: Well, there is a reality show at 7:00 on Channel 5.
W: I don’t like reality shows. They usually show people doing crazy things like eating live fish or swimming in a pool full of snakes. I’m not into that weird stuff. What’s worse, they’re too long.
M: OK. Well, how about watching Animal World on Channel 7 at 8:30?
W: Personally, I’d rather watch movies with a little bit more action.
M: Do you want to watch Avatar?
W: No, I’ve seen it a million times. I’d like to see something different.
M: OK, how about this? On Channel 2 at 9:00, there’s a home improvement show about fixing anything around the house. We do have a few things that you could repair in the bathroom …
W: Fixing things? Uh, boy, I’m tired. I think I’m going to sleep. Good night.
（2023·湖南永州·统考模拟）听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．Why does Nancy come to the store?
A．To learn to make a cake.
B．To get some tools for baking.
C．To buy a few things for a cake.
14．What kind of birthday cake does Nancy prepare for her grandmother?
A．A fruit one. B．A chocolate one. C．A cheese one.
15．What does Nancy think of making a cake all by hand?
A．Very easy. B．Quite boring. C．A little difficult.
16．What will Nancy do next?
A．Return home. B．Go to a bakery. C．Chat with the man.
【答案】13．C 14．B 15．C 16．A
【原文】M: Hi, Nancy! What are you doing here at the grocery store?
W: Oh, hey, Landon. I am getting ready for my grandmother’s eightieth birthday party tonight. I am going to make her a cake in advance, and I need a few things.
M: Wow, eighty years old. Your grandmother sure is something! What type of cake are you making?
W: Since my grandmother likes chocolate, I am making a chocolate cake with sliced strawberries on top; that’s her favorite fruit.
M: That sounds delicious! Have you baked a cake before?
W: Well, sort of. I have followed directions on those cake mixes. This time, I am making it all by hand. It’s a bit of a challenge, and I guess I’m a little nervous.
M: I am sure it will turn out fine. The cake will be delicious, and your grandmother will be so happy.
W: I sure hope so. Well, it has been nice chatting with you, but I must get going. This cake is not going to make itself.
M: Ha-ha, understood! Tell your grandmother I said happy birthday. I cannot wait to hear about the cake.
（2023·河北·校联考模拟）听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A．Some ways to keep healthy.
B．Some of his favourite sports.
C．The way to solve the problems,
18．Where does the speaker probably live?
A．In the countryside. B．In a big city. C．By the sea.
19．What did the speaker do ten years ago?
A．He climbed the Alps.
B．He took part in London Marathon.
C．He finished a course in ice climbing.
20．Why does the speaker’s wife seldom go climbing?
A．She has no time.
B．She isn’t strong enough.
C．She is afraid of climbing.
【答案】17．B 18．A 19．C 20．B
【原文】M: Hi, I’m Mike. Now I want to tell you something about my after-work activities. I’m interested in sports. I exercise every day to keep healthy. I enjoy running particularly. I run across fields and jump over streams around my home every morning. While I’m running, I think about all sorts of things. Sometimes I’m surprised to find that I’ve managed to solve the problem that was on my mind. I’m going to try London Marathon next year. It’s a long hard race, but I want to do it very much, I’m interested in climbing as well. I’ll never become an expert climber, but I successfully completed a course in ice climbing ten years ago, and I did a series of easy climbs in the Alps during the next few years after that. My wife doesn’t share my interests. She went climbing with me once but she found she felt ill as soon as she got about 1, 000 metres. So we decided to follow different hobbies. Anyway, I enjoy myself by doing sports.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
（2023·河北石家庄·正定一中校考模拟预测）
Schedule Your January Campus Tour & Interview
ON LY FOR STUDENTS APPLYING FOR FALL 2023 ENTRY
AVAILABLE DATES: January 5～20,2023
A Campus Tour & Interview consists of a 45-minute tour led by a student guide, followed by an interview with an admission counselor (顾问). The entire visit lasts about two hours.
Due to COVID-19 restrictions, all visitors must be fully vaccinated (接种疫苗) (two weeks after the final vaccine dose). We require all visitors to follow campus policies to keep our community and visitors healthy and safe.
REQUIREMENTS — Please read carefully.
● Please complete our inquiry form if you haven’t done so.
●Prior to booking, our office must have received Part 1 of the Gateway to Prep Schools application, also known as the Candidate Profile (简介).
If you submit your Candidate Profile to Gateway today, it may take up to 24 hours for us to receive it from the Gateway system. We kindly ask you to return later to try booking your appointment before contacting our office.
● For families with more than one child touring/interviewing, each student is to register for an appointment. Only one booking per student.
TO REGISTER FOR YOUR TOUR & INTERVIEW, use the online calendar below.
● Choose and click on a date. Available times will appear below the calendar.
● Please note that our events are all in Eastern Time.
● Click on the blue link below to register for your preferred time.
● You will receive a confirmation email upon submission.
Please contact our office at admissionevents@hotchkiss.org to reschedule or cancel an existing appointment.
We look forward to connecting with you!
21．How long does the interview last?
A．About 45 minutes. B．About 75 minutes.
C．About 120 minutes. D．About 165 minutes.
22．What must you do before you book an appointment?
A．Contact a student guide on your own. B．Call the office two weeks in advance.
C．Submit your Candidate Profile. D．Offer your latest health check report.
23．From which is the text most probably taken?
A．A diary entry. B．A course plan.
C．A travel brochure. D．A school website.
【答案】21．B 22．C 23．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了申请秋季入学的学生在一月份到一所校园游览和面试的申请及登记要求等信息。
21．细节理解题。根据第一段“A Campus Tour & Interview consists of a 45-minute tour led by a student guide, followed by an interview with an admission counselor (顾问). The entire visit lasts about two hours.(校园游览和面试中包括45分钟的游览，由一名学生导游带领，然后与入学顾问进行面试。整个参观大约持续两个小时。)” 可知，面试持续的时间大概是75分钟。故选B项。
22．细节理解题。根据 REQUIREMENTS 部分“Prior to booking, our office must have received Pant l of the Gateway to Prep Schools application, also known as the Candidate Profile (简介). (在预订之前，我们的办公室必须收到预科学校门户申请的第1部分，也称为候选人简介)”可知，预约前需要向学校 提交你的“候选人简介”。 故选C项。
23．推理判断题。根据TO REGISTER FOR YOUR TOUR & INTERVIEW部分中“Choose and click on a date. Available times will appear below the calendar.(选择并点击一个日期。可用时间将显示在日历下方。)”及“Click on the blue link... (点击蓝色的链接)”可推断，本文最有可能出自学校的网站。故选D项。
B
（2023·浙江·校联考模拟预测）Caroline Tegeret comes from a small village in the remote area of Kenya. Her academic journey began like many others though filled with tremendous difficulties. The biggest challenges Tegeret had to face was the financial one since seeking law as a career is expensive. Coming from a community where girls barely get past high school doesn’t lighten the load in any way either.
Upon graduating in 2017, she joined Kenya School of Law in 2018. After college, she qualified herself as a lawyer of the High Court of Kenya on July 2. 2020. “My dream to pursue a career in law began way back in high school when I developed an interest in law,” she said. What was her driving force? For Tegeret, it was the fact that in terms of development, her community was, and still is, far behind.
Her community has high illiteracy levels where plenty of girls have no opportunity to attend school. Terrible cultural practices like early marriage are still very common, robbing the youth of the opportunities to be educated. She knew quite early that for her to be able to bring change to the community, she needed to be equipped with the right tools through education and knowledge of the law.
As she burned the midnight oil, studying piles of history books and law cases, the memory of her father further inspired her. Her father’s determination gave her strength and motivation to pursue her dream. Coming from a humble background, he stood out for her as an example of life’s possibilities as he was able to succeed in his teaching career.
Tegeret wants to work with NGOs and government agencies to promote the rights of the minority. Her desire grows stronger when she finds many people can’t speak for themselves. She wants to raise their voice and make them heard by the authorities.
Her remarkable achievement is a source of encouragement to many young girls whose dreams look too big compared to their life’s circumstances. She wants to let them know they, too, have rights to choose their intended life.
24．What problem did Caroline Tegeret have in pursuing her dream?
A．Her poor financial condition. B．Her early marriage engagement.
C．The remote location of her family. D．High illiteracy levels of the community.
25．Why did Caroline seek to be educated in law?
A．To pursue her dream of law career. B．To live up to her father’s expectation.
C．To entitle herself with lots of rights. D．To change her community for the better.
26．What adjectives can best describe Caroline?
A．Humble and consistent. B．Hardworking and ambitious.
C．Enterprising and humorous. D．Considerate and helpful.
27．What can be the suitable title of the passage?
A．Pursue a law career B．Be a community reformer
C．Meet a female lawyer D．Struggle for female rights
【答案】24．A 25．D 26．B 27．C
【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了来自肯尼亚偏远小村庄的Tegeret在目睹所在社区中很多女孩没有机会上学，存在早婚等可怕的文化习俗，剥夺了女孩们受教育的机会，Tegeret以帮助她的社区变得更好为动力，克服自身经济困难，努力研读法律和历史，成为律师，通过自身的影响力来激励女孩们追逐自己的梦想。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段“The biggest challenges Tegeret had to face was the financial one since seeking law as a career is expensive. Coming from a community where girls barely get past high school doesn’t lighten the load in any way either. (Tegeret面临的最大挑战是财务问题，因为从事法律职业的成本很高。来自一个女孩高中毕业率都不高的社区，也丝毫不能减轻其负担。)”可知，从事法律职业的成本很高，泰格雷特面临的最大挑战是财务问题。故选A项。
25．细节理解题。根据第三段“Her community has high illiteracy levels where plenty of girls have no opportunity to attend school. Terrible cultural practices like early marriage are still very common, robbing the youth of the opportunities to be educated. She knew quite early that for her to be able to bring change to the community, she needed to be equipped with the right tools through education and knowledge of the law. (她所在的社区文盲率很高，很多女孩没有机会上学。早婚等可怕的文化习俗仍然非常普遍，剥夺了女孩们受教育的机会。她很早就知道，要想给社区带来改变，她需要通过教育和法律知识来配备合适的工具。)”可知，基于Tegeret所在社区的情况，Tegeret想通过自身接受法律教育来帮助她的社区变得更好。故选D项。
26．推理判断题。根据第四段“As she burned the midnight oil, studying piles of history books and law cases, the memory of her father further inspired her. (当她挑灯夜战，研究成堆的历史书籍和法律案例时，对父亲的记忆进一步激励了她。)”可知，Tegeret学习很努力，根据第五段“Tegeret wants to work with NGOs and government agencies to promote the rights of the minority. Her desire grows stronger when she finds many people can’t speak for themselves. She wants to raise their voice and make them heard by the authorities. (Tegeret希望与非政府组织和政府机构合作，促进少数民族的权利。当她发现许多人不能为自己说话时，她的愿望变得更加强烈。她想提高他们的声音，让当局听到他们的声音。)”可知，Tegeret愿意为促进少数民族的权利而努力，所以是一个有雄心壮志的人，故选B项。
27．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“Her remarkable achievement is a source of encouragement to many young girls whose dreams look too big compared to their life’s circumstances. She wants to let them know they, too, have rights to choose their intended life.(她的非凡成就鼓舞了许多年轻女孩，她们的梦想与生活环境相比显得过于远大。她想让他们知道，他们也有权选择自己想要的生活。)”可知，文章介绍了来自肯尼亚偏远小村庄的Tegeret在目睹所在社区中很多女孩没有机会上学，存在早婚等可怕的文化习俗，剥夺了女孩们受教育的机会，Tegeret以帮助她的社区变得更好为动力，克服自身经济困难，学习法律，成为律师，通过自身的影响力来激励女孩们追逐自己的梦想，Meet a female lawyer适合作标题，故选C项。
C
（2023·湖南益阳·校联考模拟预测）The surface of Mars is etched (蚀刻) with ancient river valleys and lake basins. Some re searchers think that liquid water once flowed on the Red Planet. Today, Mars is too cold for much, if any, liquid water to exist, And 3.8 billion years ago, when the flowing water formed, the sun was fainter than it is today, making it even harder to imagine a warm Martian climate. That’s why many researchers think Mars may have gone in and out of deep freezes.
Some researchers have suggested that early Mars only melt when large asteroid (小行星) impacts or volcanic eruptions temporarily warmed the planet. But Kasting, a geologist at Pennsylvania State University thinks warm windows from such dramatic events would have been too brief to carve the vast valleys that exist on Mars. Now, Kasting and his colleagues have come up with an alternative explanation: They think Mars may have experienced a series of climate cycles caused by changes in the strength of the greenhouse effect.
The idea goes like this: When Mars was cold and frozen volcanoes continued to erupt the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide and hydrogen into the atmosphere. There, the gas blanket trapped heat and warmed the planet up until liquid water began to flow, forming Mars rivers and lakes. However, warm temperatures and abundant water would also have sped up certain chemical reactions that consumed carbon dioxide, mitigating the greenhouse effect and cooling the planet back down again. Then the cycle would repeat.
Kasting shared his theory with other astronomers at the December meeting of the American Geophysical Union in San Francisco, and in the journal Earth and Planetary Science Letters. So far, Kasting’s team has only shown that such an explanation is possible. But the researchers say field trips could help test the idea by looking for evidence of multiple warm events, and their duration.
28．What made researchers believe that liquid water once existed on Mars?
A．The color of the planet,
B．The natural climate of Mars
C．The temperatures of the sun.
D．The geological features of Mars;
29．What is Kasting’s theory based on?
A．Large asteroids had no impact on Mars.
B．Volcanic eruptions were very frequent on Mars
C．Vast valleys couldn’t be formed in a short period of time.
D．Carbon dioxide and hydrogen were abundant in the atmosphere;
30．What does the underlined word “mitigating” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．Imitating. B．Reducing.
C．Predicting. D．Enhancing.;
31．Which of the following might confirm Kasting’s theory?
A．The future Mars missions.
B．The publication of the journal.
C．The design of the climate model.
D．The cooperation with astronomers.
【答案】28．D 29．C 30．B 31．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家们对于火星上是怎么形成液态水的这一问题提出了新的理论。
28．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The surface of Mars is etched (蚀刻) with ancient river valleys and lake basins, Some re searchers think that liquid water once flowed on the Red Planet.(火星表面蚀刻着古老的河谷和湖泊盆地，一些研究人员认为液态水曾经在这颗红色星球上流动。)”可知，火星的地质特征让研究人员认为火星上曾经有液态水。故选D项。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段中“But Kasting, a geologist at Pennsylvania State University thinks warm windows from such dramatic events would have been too brief to carve the vast valleys that exist on Mars.(但是宾夕法尼亚州立大学的地质学家Kasting认为，这些剧烈事件带来的温暖窗口太短暂，无法雕刻出火星上存在的巨大山谷。)”可知，Kasting的理论基础是巨大的山谷不可能在短时间内形成。故选C项。
30．词句猜测题。划线词句前半部分“However, warm temperatures and abundant water would also have sped up certain chemical reactions that consumed carbon dioxide,(然而，温暖的温度和丰富的水也会加速某些消耗二氧化碳的化学反应，)”和划线词句后半句“and cooling the planet back down again.(使地球再次降温。)”说明这种现象就会减缓温室效应，使温度下降，从而推知“mitigating the greenhouse effect(mitigating温室效应)”中划线单词是“减缓”的意思。故选B项。
31．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But the researchers say field trips could help test the idea by looking for evidence of multiple warm events, and their duration.(但研究人员表示，实地考察可以通过寻找多个温暖事件及其持续时间的证据来帮助测试这一想法。)”可知，研究人员认为，未来火星任务实地考察或许可以证实这个理论。故选A项。
D
（2023·江苏·南京市第一中学校考模拟预测）Trees don’t look at the calendar to see when spring arrives, but they seem to know when spring is here better than we do. The annual shift from winter to spring is a breathtaking event to watch as leaves become green and a lush(苍翠的) environment reveals itself. Recently a research takes a look at why trees in cities are turning green earlier than expected.
Scientists use satellite imagery to see when plants turn green. By comparing spring green ups in the 85 largest US cities, scientists found that on average trees start to turn green nine days earlier in cities due to the combined effect of artificial lights and urban heat effect.
According to the findings, one of the reasons is the artificial light. City lights brightening the night skies, billboard signs lit up on roadways and car headlights all contribute to shifting the regular day to night cycle that plants and trees rely on. In order to stay alive during cruel winters, trees hit the pause button on their growth. Since temperatures can vary dramatically throughout the winter, the length of daylight is the signal trees look for to safely start growing again and turn green.
On average cities are typically 1.8 to 5.4F warmer than rural areas. This is known as the urban heat island effect. The changes in city environments may affect seasonal changes even more than climate warming and mosquito season, water cycles, and also affect pollinators(授粉媒介).
Despite the worries and concern, it isn’t all bad news. “With a longer growing season, trees would be able to absorb more carbon dioxide,” A researcher said. “Hopefully they’d have a longer period to do the cooling effect that can help relieve the urban heating effect in cities.”
32．What is the purpose of the text?
A．To reveal how trees survive bitter winters.
B．To warn how human activities disturb nature.
C．To explain why trees turn green earlier in cities.
D．To clarify how trees turning green earlier benefits cities.
33．How did the scientists conduct their research?
A．Bringing out urban heat island effect.
B．Comparing the green-up time in sample cities.
C．Allowing the city environment to reveal itself.
D．Developing pictures shot by the satellite.
34．Which of the following elements contributes to trees turning green earlier?
A．Plant pollinators. B．Water cycle. C．Road signs. D．Street lamps.
35．In which section of a website can the text be found?
A．Environment. B．Education. C．Entertainment. D．Business.
【答案】32．C 33．B 34．D 35．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了最近的一项研究着眼于为什么城市中的树木比预期的更早变绿，解释了研究开展的过程，以及说明了城市中的树木更早变绿的原因。
32．推理判断题。根据第一段“Trees don’t look at the calendar to see when spring arrives, but they seem to know when spring is here better than we do. The annual shift from winter to spring is a breathtaking event to watch as leaves become green and a lush (苍翠的) environment reveals itself. Recently a research takes a look at why trees in cities are turning green earlier than expected.(树木不看日历看春天什么时候来，但它们似乎比我们更清楚春天什么时候来。每年冬去春来，看着树叶变绿，郁郁葱葱的环境展现出来，这是一件令人惊叹的事情。最近的一项研究着眼于为什么城市中的树木比预期的更早变绿)”结合文章主要说明了最近的一项研究着眼于为什么城市中的树木比预期的更早变绿，解释了研究开展的过程，以及说明了城市中的树木更早变绿的原因。可推知，文章的目的是解释为什么城市里的树变绿得早。故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据第二段“By comparing spring green-ups in the 85 largest US cities, scientists found that on average trees start to turn green nine days earlier in cities due to the combined effect of artificial lights and urban heat effect.(通过比较美国85个最大城市的春季绿化情况，科学家发现，由于人工照明和城市热效应的共同作用，城市树木平均提前9天开始变绿)”可知，科学家们通过比较样本城市的树木开始变绿的时间进行研究。故选B。
34．细节理解题。根据第三段“According to the findings, one of the reasons is the artificial light. City lights brightening the night skies, billboard signs lit up on roadways and car headlights all contribute to shifting the regular day to night cycle that plants and trees rely on.(根据研究结果，其中一个原因是人造光。城市的灯光照亮了夜空，道路上的广告牌和汽车的前灯都有助于改变植物和树木所依赖的正常的昼夜循环)”可知，路灯（属于人造光）导致树木提早变绿。故选D。
35．推理判断题。根据第二段“Scientists use satellite imagery to see when plants turn green. By comparing spring green ups in the 85 largest US cities, scientists found that on average trees start to turn green nine days earlier in cities due to the combined effect of artificial lights and urban heat effect.(科学家们利用卫星图像来观察植物何时变绿。通过比较美国85个最大城市的春天变绿，科学家们发现，由于人工照明和城市热效应的共同作用，城市里的树木平均提前9天开始变绿)”结合文章主要说明了最近的一项研究着眼于为什么城市中的树木比预期的更早变绿，解释了研究开展的过程，以及说明了城市中的树木更早变绿的原因。可推知，文章选自网站的“环境”部分。故选A。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·山东德州·统考三模）Anger is the most destructive emotion. When you are in a temper, you make hasty ill-considered decisions that you will probably regret. You will also regret reckless language spoken without thought. 36 Here are some ways that you can combat the causes of anger.
37 You have to accept that sometimes things do go wrong and that people are not always lovely. Try to accept that other people do behave in ways that will make you both frustrated and angry. Often, there might be an excellent reason why a person acted in away that you found unacceptable.
Realizing that no one is perfect is a good start to avoiding getting angry. 38 Neither will they behave in the same way that you would in a given situation.
Reacting angrily is a hard habit to break. The trick is to avoid reacting when faced with a situation that usually angers. Anger is a negative reaction, but in this type of situation, there is no value in reacting by forming positive thoughts. 39 This way,your anger will not get the emotional food it needs to survive.
Don’t take the easy way when you get angry. We all get tempted to throw something, hit something, or scream when we are angry. You might say you feel better after an angry outburst, but that is just the after-effect of the adrenalin (肾上腺素) your body released while you were angry. A reaction like that is the easy way. It is much harder to stay calm, to walk away from conflict, or to take a deep breath and act normally. 40
A．Stop trying to manage your anger.
B．What can be done to control anger?
C．You need to learn not to respond at all.
D．That, however, is what you must do if you are to stop anger.
E．You need to change your attitude to the way the world works.
F．Taking positive steps will help you overcome feelings of anger.
G．Also, you need to accept that not everyone has the same standards as you.
【答案】36．B 37．E 38．G 39．C 40．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种可以帮助对抗愤怒的方法。
36．根据上文“Anger is the most destructive emotion. When you are in a temper, you make hasty ill-considered decisions that you will probably regret. You will also regret reckless language spoken without thought.(愤怒是最具破坏性的情绪。当你脾气不好的时候，你会草率地做出你可能会后悔的决定。你也会后悔不经思考就说出鲁莽的语言)”以及后文“Here are some ways that you can combat the causes of anger.(这里有一些方法可以帮助你克服愤怒的根源)”可知，空处应是过渡句，由生气的坏处过渡到如何克服愤怒，所以B项“What can be done to control anger?(怎样才能控制愤怒呢?)”符合文意。故选B项。
37．分析设空，位于段首，是本段的中心句，所以根据后文“You have to accept that sometimes things do go wrong and that people are not always lovely. Try to accept that other people do behave in ways that will make you both frustrated and angry. Often, there might be an excellent reason why a person acted in away that you found unacceptable.(你必须接受有时事情会出错，人们并不总是可爱的。试着接受别人的行为方式会让你既沮丧又生气。通常，可能会有一个很好的理由来解释为什么一个人的行为让你无法接受)”可知，本段主要讲述了你需要改变你对世界运作方式的态度，所以E项“You need to change your attitude to the way the world works.(你需要改变你对世界运作方式的态度)”符合文意。故选E项。
38．根据前文“Realizing that no one is perfect is a good start to avoiding getting angry.(意识到人无完人是避免生气的好开始)”以及后文“Neither will they behave in the same way that you would in a given situation.(他们的行为也不会和你在特定情况下的行为一样)”可知，本段主要讲述了，不要用自己的标准去看待他人，所以G项“Also, you need to accept that not everyone has the same standards as you.(此外，你需要接受并不是每个人都有和你一样的标准)”符合本段主题。故选G项。
39．根据前文“Reacting angrily is a hard habit to break. The trick is to avoid reacting when faced with a situation that usually angers. Anger is a negative reaction, but in this type of situation, there is no value in reacting by forming positive thoughts.(愤怒是一个很难改掉的习惯。诀窍是在面对通常令人愤怒的情况时避免做出反应。愤怒是一种消极的反应，但在这种情况下，形成积极的想法是没有价值的)”可知，本段主要讲述了不要在愤怒的情况下做出反应，所以C项“You need to learn not to respond at all.(你要学会完全不回应)”符合本段主题。故选C项。
40．分析设空，位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Don’t take the easy way when you get angry. We all get tempted to throw something, hit something, or scream when we are angry. You might say you feel better after an angry outburst, but that is just the after-effect of the adrenalin  (肾上腺素) your body released while you were angry. A reaction like that is the easy way. It is much harder to stay calm, to walk away from conflict, or to take a deep breath and act normally.(当你生气的时候，不要轻易就范。当我们生气的时候，我们都会想要扔东西，打东西，或者尖叫。你可能会说你在生气后感觉好多了，但那只是你生气时身体释放的肾上腺素的后遗症。这样的反应很简单。要想保持冷静，远离冲突，或者深呼吸，正常行事，都要困难得多)”可知，D项“That, however, is what you must do if you are to stop anger.(然而，如果你要停止愤怒，那就是你必须做的)”符合文意，和前文构成转折关系，总结前文。故选D项。

第三部分语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2023·广东揭阳·校考模拟预测）Every high school student dreams of going to college and experiencing a new period of life, but leaving high school and entering a college is a big adjustment for many students. If you are 41 of some of these differences, you will be better 42 for the changes in attitudes and behaviors necessary for success. Some of the 43 between high school and university are as follows:
First of all, the biggest one is the daily life. In high school, students are treated as children 44 they do not have to think what to do next every day, because parents and teachers 45 everything well for them. However, for college students, everything is left up to them to 46 , requiring self-discipline, organization and time management. Another difference is about their 47 . For high school students, they seem to be 48 and have to do whatever their teachers told them. They are 49 a machine which is operated by the exams roughly. On the contrary, college students are 50 for making their own class schedules and following them loosely. 51 will monitor their behaviors and study completely counts on themselves. The third distinction is about their dreams. Most of the high school students have the same dream-to 52 a famous university, but for college students, they have to take many factors into account and their dreams are 53 .
From the above, we can see there are differences between high school and college, so in the 54 from high school to college, the teens should try their best to 55 themselves. Keep up!
41．A．fond B．aware C．careful D．flexible
42．A．eager B．willing C．intended D．prepared
43．A．features B．divisions C．distinctions D．emphases
44．A．but B．as C．yet D．and
45．A．arrange B．indicate C．monitor D．predict
46．A．deal with B．carry on C．take up D．bring about
47．A．exams B．behavior C．study D．habits
48．A．forced B．sheltered C．required D．controlled
49．A．more than B．just like C．less than D．other than
50．A．reliable B．desperate C．responsible D．available
51．A．Nobody B．Everybody C．Somebody D．Anybody
52．A．join B．attend C．search D．admit
53．A．splendid B．visible C．various D．realistic
54．A．dreams B．focus C．choices D．switch
55．A．adapt B．behave C．perform D．follow
【答案】
41．B 42．D 43．C 44．D 45．A 46．A 47．C 48．D 49．B 50．C 51．A 52．B 53．C 54．D 55．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了高中生活和大学生活的不同之处，如果你意识到其中的一些差异，你就会为成功所必需的态度和行为的改变做好更好的准备。
41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你意识到其中的一些差异，你就会为成功所必需的态度和行为的改变做好更好的准备。A. fond喜欢的；B. aware知道的，有意识的；C. careful小心的；D. flexible灵活的。根据后文“you will be better ____2____for the changes in attitudes and behaviors necessary for success.”可知，如果你意识到其中的一些差异，你就会为成功所必需的态度和行为的改变做好更好的准备。故选B。
42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. eager渴望的；B. willing愿意的；C. intended预期的，打算的；D. prepared准备好的。根据后文“for the changes in attitudes and behaviors necessary for success”可知，如果你意识到其中的一些差异，你就会为成功所必需的态度和行为的改变做好更好的准备。故选D。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：高中和大学之间的区别如下。A. features特征；B. divisions分类；C. distinctions差别；D. emphases重点。根据下文的“First of all, the biggest one is the daily life.”可知，此处强调的是高中和大学之间的区别。故选C。
44．考查连词词义辨析。句意：在高中，学生被当作孩子对待，他们不必每天思考下一步要做什么，因为父母和老师为他们安排好了一切。A. but但是；B. as因为；C. yet然而；D. and并且。前后两句构成并列关系，故使用and。故选D。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. arrange安排；B. indicate表明；C. monitor监视，监管；D. predict预测。根据前文“students are treated as children”可知，学生被当作孩子对待，他们不必每天思考下一步要做什么，因为父母和老师为他们安排好了一切。故选A。
46．考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，对于大学生来说，所有的事情都留给他们去处理，这需要自律、组织和时间管理。另一个不同之处在于他们的学习。A. deal with处理；B. carry on继续，参与；C. take up占据；D. bring about导致。此处强调大学生跟高中生形成对比，根据前文“students are treated as children”可知，所有的事情都需要大学生自己去处理。故选A。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. exams考试；B. behavior行为；C. study研究，学习；D. habits习惯。根据下文“For high school students, they seem to be  ____8____  and have to do whatever their teachers told them.”可知，此处强调的是大学和高中第二个不同的地方是学习。故选C。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于高中生来说，他们似乎是被控制的，必须做他们的老师告诉他们的任何事情。A. forced迫使；B. sheltered庇护；C. required要求；D. controlled控制。根据后文“have to do whatever their teachers told them.”可知，高中生他们似乎是被控制的，必须做他们的老师告诉他们的任何事情。故选D。
49．考查介词短语辨析。句意：他们就像一台机器，仅仅地由考试所操作。A. more than多于，不仅仅；B. just like就像；C. less than少于；D. other than除了。根据前文“For high school students, they seem to be  ____8____  and have to do whatever their teachers told them.”可知，高中生似乎是被控制的，必须做他们的老师告诉他们的任何事情，他们就像一台机器，仅仅地由考试所操作。故选B。
50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，大学生负责制定自己的课程表，并松散地遵守。A. reliable可靠的；B. desperate拼命的，绝望的；C. responsible负责任的；D. available可用的。此处与前文高中生的学习状况形成对比，大学生是需要自己来负责制定自己的课程表。故选C。
51．考查代词词义辨析。句意：没有人会监督他们的行为，学习完全依靠自己。A. Nobody没有人；B. Everybody每个人；C. Somebody某人；D.Anybody任何人。根据前文“college students are  ____10____  for making their own class schedules”可知，没有人监督大学生的行为。故选A。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：大多数高中生都有同样的梦想——上一所著名的大学，但对于大学生来说，他们必须考虑很多因素，他们的梦想是各种各样的。A. join参加；B. attend出席，上学；C. search寻找；D. admit承认。根据后文“a famous university”可知，高中生都有同样的梦想——上一所著名的大学。故选B。
53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. splendid极好的；B. visible可视的；C. various各种各样的；D. realistic务实的。根据前文的“the same dream”以及“but”可知，大学生的梦想是各种各样的。故选C。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从上面，我们可以看到高中和大学之间是有区别的，所以在从高中到大学的转换中，青少年应该尽他们最大的努力去适应自己。A. dreams梦想；B. focus焦点；C. choices选择；D. switch转变。根据后文的“from high school to college”可知，此处强调的是从高中到大学的转换。故选D。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. adapt适应，调整，改编；B. behave表现；C. perform表演；D. follow跟随。根据前文“in the  ____14____  from high school to college”可知，在从高中到大学的转换过程中，青少年一定要努力适应。故选A。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2023·全国·高三专题练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Instruments are a necessary part of making music, but what music sounds like will also depend upon 56 (it) style and rhythm. Music is often divided 57 two main groups: classical and popular. These names can mean different things to different people, and their meanings can change over time.
Popular music is what many people play or listen to for fun. It could be folk, country, pop and rock, or jazz. Often the music style 58 (change) with each new generation of musicians. All over the world there are 59 (talent) musicians who perform this style of music 60 (earn) a living or just for fun. A band of musicians usually play a certain style of music that they like, 61 (create) a sound that is special to them.
Classical music is 62 (most) used to describe more formal music, often performed in front of a seated silent audience. Most of this music 63 (write) a long time ago. Classical music is often played by an orchestra (管弦乐队) in 64 musicians play either woodwind, brass, or string instruments.
There are many famous orchestras throughout 65 world, with many countries having their own special ones.
【答案】
56．its 57．into 58．changes 59．talented 60．to earn 61．creating 62．mostly 63．was written 64．which 65．the
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了古典音乐和流行音乐。
56．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：乐器是制作音乐的必要组成部分，但音乐的声音也取决于其风格和节奏。分析句子可知，此处应填形容词修饰style 和rhythm这两个名词。故填its。
57．考查介词。句意：音乐通常分为两大类：古典音乐和流行音乐。be divided into为固定用法，意为“被分为……”。故填into。
58．考查主谓一致。句意：这些名字对不同的人来说意味着不同的东西，它们的含义会随着时间的推移而变化。主语为单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填changes。
59．考查形容词。句意：全世界都有才华横溢的音乐家，他们演奏这种风格的音乐是为了谋生或只是为了好玩。根据句意“才华横溢的”，可知此处填形容词。故填talented。
60．考查非谓语。句意：全世界都有才华横溢的音乐家，他们演奏这种风格的音乐是为了谋生或只是为了好玩。根据句意“为了谋生”，可知此处应用to earn 这一非谓语作目的状语。故填to earn。
61．考查非谓语。句意：一群音乐家通常演奏他们喜欢的某种风格的音乐，创造出一种对他们来说很特别的声音。分析句子可知，play为此句的谓语，设空处应用非谓语作结果状语，需用现在分词形式。故填creating。
62．考查副词。句意：古典音乐主要用来描述更正式的音乐，通常是在静坐的观众面前演奏的。分析句子可知，设空处应填副词修饰谓语used。故填mostly。
63．考查时态和语态。句意：这些音乐大部分是很久以前写的。根据时间状语a long time ago可知，此句应该使用一般过去时。主语music是第三人称单数，和write为动宾关系，应用被动语态。故填was written。
64．考查连接词。句意：古典音乐通常由管弦乐队演奏，音乐家在管弦乐队中演奏木管乐器、铜管乐器或弦乐乐器。分析句子可知，an orchestra为定语从句的先行词，在从句中作宾语，且设空处前有介词，只能用which。故填which。
65．考查冠词。句意：世界上有许多著名的管弦乐队，许多国家都有自己独特的管弦乐队。throughout the world 为固定用法，意为“全世界”，此处表示独一无二的东西，加定冠词。故填the。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
（2023·全国模拟测试）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校将举办主题为 “创意点亮校园”学生手工作品展。请给你校的交换生Jim写一封邮件，邀请他参观展览。内容包括：
1. 介绍展览信息 (例如：时间、地点、内容等)；
2. 询问对方意向。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词：手工作品handicraft
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Jim，
How are you doing? I’m writing to invite you to visit a handicrafts exhibition in our school, whose theme is “Creativity Lights Up the Campus”.
The exhibition aims to enrich our school life and promote our creativity and hands-on ability. It is scheduled to be held in the lecture hall from May 15 to June 1. Dozens of handicrafts with unique designs and various themes will be on display, such as clay sculptures, paper cuttings and so on. They are all created by students. Many works are made from unwanted materials in our daily life, which shows how students turn waste into treasure. I’m sure you will be amazed at the students’ creativity and imagination.
Would you like to come? I’m looking forward to meeting you at the exhibition.
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给学校交换生Jim写一封邮件，邀请他参观学生手工作品的展览。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
旨在：aim at→ aim to do
提升：improve→ promote
计划：be planned to→ be scheduled to
许多：lots of→ dozens of
惊讶的：shocked→ amazed
2. 句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：The exhibition aims to enrich our school life and promote our creativity and hands-on ability. It is scheduled to be held in the lecture hall from May 15 to June 1.
拓展句：The exhibition, which is scheduled to be held in the lecture hall from May 15 to June 1, aims to enrich our school life and promote our creativity and hands-on ability.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m writing to invite you to visit a handicrafts exhibition in our school, whose theme is “Creativity Lights Up the Campus”.（运用了由“whose+名词”引导非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2] Many works are made from unwanted materials in our daily life, which shows how students turn waste into treasure. （运用了由which引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型3] I’m sure you will be amazed at the students’ creativity and imagination.（运用了省略that的宾语从句，作am sure的宾语）

第二节 书面表达 (满分25分)
（2023·重庆市育才中学校考模拟）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。  
It was 11 p.m. when Alex Conrad saw the woman on the Main Street Bridge. She was standing by the railing, peering down at the rushing Chippewa River below. At her feet was what appeared to be a backpack.
Maybe she’s fishing, Conrad, then 20, thought as he continued driving his car to his home a short distance away. His friend’s car had broken down, so Conrad was making a quick pit stop to grab some tools before heading out to help.
Tools in hand, he climbed into his car. Instead of taking a shortcut, though, he chose to head back over the bridge. Something about that woman didn’t sit right. Why would she be fishing this late at night— in May, when it’s still cold in Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin?
As he crossed the quarter-mile-long bridge, Conrad saw the woman standing in the same spot. He pulled a U-turn and parked on a zebra crossing some 20 feet away with the hazards lights flashing, blocking one of the four lanes. In case there was trouble, he hoped another driver would take note and help.
He stepped out of his car and got a clearer picture of the scene. The woman was in her 20s,dressed in pants and a heavy coat. What he’d thought was a backpack was in fact rope pooled by her feet. One end was tied to a bridge post. The other, around her neck.
“Hey, what’s going on?” Conrad called out. He pretended not to see the rope although he knew exactly what was going on.
She spoke unwillingly, but he kept probing(追问), eventually pulling from her that she was going through a particularly rough difficulty. She was jobs, not doing well in school—in short, life wasn’t working out as she’d hoped.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Para 1:
“Not everything goes as planned,” agreed Conrad.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para 2:
Just then, bright lights appeared and it was the police.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
“Not everything goes as planned,” agreed Conrad. He started talking about the ups and downs he’d faced in his life. As he talked, he inched closer. Conrad was a quiet guy, but now he found enough topics of conversation to keep the woman engaged and even laughing. She grew comfortable enough to let him get within a few feet of her. Then suddenly without warning, she climbed onto the railing. Conrad reached for her. He threw his arms around her, hauling her down off the railing. She grabbed the railing, saying, “I’m not worth it.” Heart pounding, Conrad said, “I refuse to give up.”(97words)
Just then, bright lights appeared and it was the police. Someone had reported Conrad’s car for being parked on the bridge—just as he’d hoped. Two officers raced over and took hold of the woman, and soon, more police arrived and the woman was taken to safety, and then to a hospital for observation. Everyone present sighed in great relief. What was unusual in the whole episode was what Alex Conrad did. One officer was so impressed by Conrad’s actions that he suggested he consider a career as a police negotiator. Conrad just smiled, making no response.(87 words)
【导语】本文以时间为线索展开。康拉德在大桥上发现了一名想要轻生的女子，他通过交谈让女子卸下心防，靠近她并抱住了她，等到警察赶到后，女子被安全救下并送往了医院。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“‘不是每件事都能按计划进行。’康拉德同意道。”可知，第一段可描写康拉德通过谈话慢慢让女子卸下心防并抱住了她。
②由第二段首句内容“就在这时，明亮的灯光出现了，那是警察。”可知，第二段可描写警察赶到救下了女子。
2.续写线索：交谈——靠近——卸下心防——抱住——警察赶到——救下——邀请
3.词汇激活
行为类
①伸手去够：reach for/reach out for
②找到：find/come up with
③变得：grow/get
情绪类
①舒适的：comfortable/easy
②宽慰：relief/comfort
【点睛】[高分句型1] What was unusual in the whole episode was what Alex Conrad did. (运用了what引导的主语从句和what引导的表语从句)
[高分句型2] He threw his arms around her, hauling her down off the railing. (运用了现在分词作状语)