2024版高考英语一轮总复习课时质量评价15Unit4SpaceExploration新人教版必修第三册

课时质量评价(十五)

必修第三册　UNIT 4

主题语境：地球与宇宙奥秘探索

Ⅰ．阅读理解

A

(2023·保定模拟)Scientists are taking the study of archaeology (考古学) to a whole other dimension: space．For the first time, researchers are examining the ways humans live on the International Space Station (ISS), more specifically how they live culturally and materially, since it began orbital operations in 2000．

The project, involving daily photography of various ISS areas, was developed in 2015 by professors Justin Walsh of Chapman University in California, and Alice Gorman of Flinders University．The Earth­based scientists are working with astronauts to monitor changes in one­metre­square areas at the space station．

According to Chris Young of InterestingEngineering, for their first experiment, the astronauts are creating the equivalent of an earthen test pit (探坑) by marking out five areas within the space station．This test will focus on the kitchen table, workstation, payload rack (载荷机架) and a wall near the washroom and a section of the laboratory module, Destiny．Astronauts will then take daily photographs over a period of 60 days to know how the different spaces are used by the crew．For the first 30 days, images will be taken at about the same time each day and then at random times for the remainder of the experiment．

The archaeologists plan to study the images to better understand how the astronauts have interacted and adapted in the space in the 20 years when the ISS has orbited Earth, and how it has affected the crew's ability to solve technical, engineering and medical issues, reports Leonard David of Space．com．

Original plans called for the ISS crew to swab (用拭子擦拭) surfaces for biological data and make sound and video recordings, but these ideas were given up so the project could begin sooner．Walsh tells Space．com he hopes the project will help find ways for future habitat designers to do their work better．

“The advantage of archaeology is that it shows us what people actually do, rather than what they think, or say, they do，”Gorman says．

1．What can we learn about the project according to the text?

A．It plans to get astronauts interested in archaeology．

B．It's carried out based on international cooperation．

C．It's intended to learn more about other planets in space．

D．It involves taking daily photos of several areas on the ISS．

2．What will be a research focus of the project?

A．Astronauts' health and fitness．

B．Orbital operations of the ISS．

C．The ways of communication between astronauts．

D．Searching for creatures living on other planets．

3．What was done in order to get the project started earlier?

A．Reducing the number of the participants．

B．Deleting some tasks from the original to­do list．

C．Inviting more scientists to give useful advice．

D．Asking the ISS crew to stop their daily work．

4．What is the main idea of the text?

A．Researchers use archaeology to study humans' life on the ISS．

B．Scientists should carry out more experiments on the ISS．

C．Astronauts tend to enrich their daily lives by taking pictures．

D．Archaeologists can play a leading role in space explorations．

B

The Tiangong space station is a space station being constructed by China．The construction of the station is based on the experience gained from its pioneers, Tiangong­1 and Tiangong­2．The first module(舱), the Tianhe core module, was launched on 29 April 2021, followed by multiple crewed and uncrewed missions and two more modules launched in 2022．

According to China Manned Space Agency (CMSA), which operates the space station, the purpose and missions of Tiangong space station are listed as: breakthrough in key technologies such as permanent human operations in orbit, long­term autonomous spaceflight of the space station, life support technology; development of technology that can aid future deep space exploration．

The Tianhe Core Cabin Module (CCM) provides life support and living quarters for three crew members and provides guidance, navigation (导航) for the station．The module also provides the station's power and life support system．The station is equipped with a small kitchen for food preparation and the first­ever microwave oven in the spaceflight, so that astronauts can always have hot food whenever they need．120 different types of food, selected based on astronauts' preference, are stored aboard．

China's intention to build its own space station was amplified(增强的)after the USA banned China from International Space Station in 2011．On 22 February 2017, CMSA and Italian Space Agency (ASD) signed an agreement to cooperate on long­term human spaceflight activities．The agreement holds importance due to Italy's leading position in the field of human spaceflight with regard to the creation and development of the International Space Station and it shows Italy's increased expectation in China's developing space station programme．Tiangong is also expected to host experiments from many other countries．

5．What do we know about the Tiangong space station?

A．It aims to build a core module．

B．Its construction has been finished

C．Self­controlled flight is impossible．

D．It can further assist space exploration．

6．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?

A．Food stored aboard the station．

B．Ways of cooking in space．

C．Living conditions on CCM．

D．Life supporting technologies．

7．What will the future of the Tiangong space station be like according to the text?

A．Dependent and unclear．

B．Promising and Influential．

C．Leading but unpredictable．

D．Internationalised but risky．

8．In which section of a website may this text appear?

A．Space fiction．

B．Life health．

C．Historical events．

D．Science．

Ⅱ．应用文写作

(2022·茂名二模)假定你是李华，今天你校组织高三学生参观了市博物馆举办的“中国航天成就展”。请在你的博客上用英语写一篇博文，分享此次活动。内容包括：

1．参加人员；

2．活动内容(聆听讲座、观看视频、体验太空漫步等)；

3．个人感想。

注意：词数80左右。

Achievement Expo of China Aerospace

课时质量评价(十五)

Ⅰ．A

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是科学家们正将考古学的研究带入太空。据新闻报道可知，这是研究人员首次研究国际空间站上人类的生活方式。

1．D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The project, involving daily photography of various ISS areas, was developed in 2015 by professors Justin Walsh of Chapman University in California, and Alice Gorman of Flinders University．”和第三段中的“Astronauts will then take daily photographs over a period of 60 days to know how the different spaces are used by the crew．For the first 30 days, images will be taken at about the same time each day and then at random times for the remainder of the experiment．”可知，这个研究项目包括对国际空间站的几个区域进行每日拍照。故选D。

2．C　细节理解题。根据第四段的内容可知，宇航员之间互动交流的方式将是其中的一个研究重点。故选C。

3．B　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Original plans called for the ISS crew to swab (用拭子擦拭) surfaces for biological data and make sound and video recordings, but these ideas were given up so the project could begin sooner．”可知，为了让项目早点开始，原来的待办事项列表中的一些任务被删除。故选B。

4．A　主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的内容可知，本文主要讲的是科学家们把考古学的研究带到太空，研究人员首次在国际空间站上研究人类的生活方式。故A项“Researchers use archaeology to study humans' life on the ISS．”是本文的主旨。故选A。

B

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是天宫空间站。

5．D　细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，天宫空间站可以帮助进一步太空探索。故选D。

6．C　段落大意题。根据第三段中的“The Tianhe Core Cabin Module (CCM) provides life support and living quarters for three crew members and provides guidance ..．so that astronauts can always have hot food whenever they need．”可知，第三段主要讲的是CCM的生活状况，即Living conditions on CCM。故选C。

7．B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The agreement holds importance due to Italy's leading position ...Tiangong is also expected to host experiments from many other countries．”可知，天宫空间站的未来将会是有前途的和有影响力的。故选B。

8．D　文章出处题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的内容可知，本文主要介绍的是天宫空间站，属于科学领域，因此可以在网站的科学部分出现。故选D。

Ⅱ．【参考范文】

Achievement Expo of China Aerospace

Today's trip to the City Museum is really a memorable experience and this will be engraved in my mind forever．

All Senior 3 students visited an exhibition themed on “Achievements of China Aerospace”．First, we attended informative lectures and watched extremely exciting videos about launching rockets, which allowed us to get deeper insights into China Aerospace．Then came the highlight, experiencing thrilling and funny spacewalks in almost zero gravity．

Amazed by the outstanding achievements and touched by the spirit of China Aerospace experts, I'll apply myself to study so that I can make contributions to our country like them one day．