2024版高考英语一轮总复习课时质量评价17Unit1PeopleofAchievement新人教版选择性必修第一册

课时质量评价(十七)

选择性必修第一册　UNIT 1

主题语境：对社会有突出贡献的人物

Ⅰ．阅读理解

According to Gelb, the author of HowtoThinklikeLeonardodaVinci, although not everyone is born with the gifts and the capacities of Leonardo da Vinci, it is possible for any person to use the fundamentals of Da Vinci's approach to learning to guide us towards the realisation of our inner Da Vinci．One typical fundamental is curiosity．“The desire to know is natural to good men．”— Leonardo da Vinci

The young Leonardo loved being in nature, showed an early gift for drawing and was fascinated by mathematics．Young Leonardo's curiosity regarding education and mathematics especially often raised constant unsureness and difficulties for the teachers who taught him and continuously proved them to be wrong．Most children have in them endless amounts of curiosity and a sense of wonder．Unfortunately for multiple reasons these qualities are lost as children reach adulthood, not Leonardo though．Perhaps one of his greatest characteristics was his willingness to question accepted knowledge．Leonardo's curiosity never faded and fuelled the lake of his genius for his entire life．Leonardo's motives were not money, women or loyalty to any church or person．His pursuits were pure: the long search for beauty and above all: truth．

Leonardo would wonder around asking questions he did not himself yet understand．He always carried a notebook with himself so that he could quickly write down hundreds of questions, ideas, thoughts, impressions and observations as they occurred．He was expectant and reliant only upon himself to answer his own questions．Being modest, he was not afraid to make mistakes and appear foolish．Leonardo accepted the feelings of unfamiliarity and foolishness．

His questions led him to designing a snorkel (水下呼吸器) as well as diving equipment and even a submarine and also inventing flying machines and a parachute．His curiosity took him under the water and into the sky．

1．What do the underlined words “Da Vinci”refer to?

A．Potential．　　　 B．Curiosity．

C．Honesty．    D．Motive．

2．What was most typical of the young Leonardo?

A．Educating kids．

B．Seeking for love．

C．Appreciating nature．

D．Questioning his teachers．

3．What can be learned about Leonardo's sense of curiosity from the text?

A．It fooled himself．

B．It made him independent．

C．It inspired his whole life．

D．It disappeared in his adulthood．

4．Which saying can best reflect Leonardo da Vinci?

A．An idle youth,  a needy age．

B．First come, first served．

C．Stay hungry, stay foolish．

D．Nothing ventured, nothing gained．

Ⅱ．七选五

(2023·日照模拟)“Most people don't know anything about soil，”says Dominique Arrouays, a soil scientist in France．“In the city, they never see the soil, unless there's construction．It's all pavement．They don't realise that everything depends on soils．”

Soils grow the food that provides an estimated 98.8 percent of our daily calories, according to a paper in EnvironmentInternational, and house more than 25 percent of the world's biodiversity．  1 

Healthy soil is marked by its porous (多孔的) structure, produced by root growth as well as the activities of earthworms and insects．  2   Healthy soils not only make farms more climate­resilient (有气候适应力), but they can also help keep costs for farmers and taxpayers down．

According to a United Nations report, a third of the planet's soil is highly degraded due to acidification, erosion (腐蚀), and other factors．Soils cannot be regenerated quickly．  3   And yet many people dismiss it as nothing more than dirt．

  4   Erosion occurs when soil is displaced by wind or water — washed off farms and stored in ditches and streams, or blown across the landscape as dust．Healthy soil resists erosion well, especially if it is protected by plants above ground and roots below­ground．  5   The results can be disastrous．Even small changes year after year can gradually cause big problems．

Soil is the skin of the Earth．We need to protect it．It's in everybody's interest to support farmers in rebuilding soil health and preventing erosion．

A．But soils are in great trouble at present．

B．Soil erosion is a particularly serious problem worldwide．

C．This structure allows rainfall to sink in healthy soil deeply．

D．Soils also store massive amounts of both fresh water and carbon．

E．It may take up to 1，000 years to produce a couple centimetres of soil．

F．But when soil is left bare, wind and water can more easily displace it．

G．Soil is a living community to create a rich environment for food production．

课时质量评价(十七)

Ⅰ．【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了好奇心伴随莱昂纳多·达·芬奇一生，并造就了达·芬奇的伟大。

1．A　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“not everyone is born with the gifts and the capacities of Leonardo da Vinci”和“use the fundamentals of Da Vinci's approach to learning to guide us towards the realisation of our inner Da_Vinci”可知，尽管并不是每个人都有像莱昂纳多·达·芬奇一样的天赋和能力，但使用他的方法也能让自己成为“Da Vinci”，即：方法恰当，也可激发潜能，成为达·芬奇一样的人，结合选项，画线词指代potential，意为“潜力，潜能”。故选A。

2．D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Young Leonardo's curiosity regarding education and mathematics especially often raised constant unsureness and difficulties for the teachers who taught him and continuously proved them to be wrong．”和“Perhaps one of his greatest characteristics was his willingness to question accepted knowledge．”可推知，小时候的达·芬奇最典型的特征是质疑他的老师。故选D。

3．C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Leonardo's curiosity never faded and fuelled the lake of his genius for his entire life．”可知，莱昂纳多的好奇心从未减退，并一直激发着他的一生。故选C。

4．C　推理判断题。通读全文并结合第三段中的“Leonardo would wonder around asking questions he did not himself yet understand．”和“Being modest, he was not afraid to make mistakes and appear foolish．”可知，文章介绍了伴随莱昂纳多·达·芬奇一生的优秀品质：好奇心。正是对于真理的渴求和无惧无知造就了达·芬奇的伟大，所以“Stay hungry, stay foolish．(求知若饥，虚心若愚 )”是达·芬奇一生的真实写照。故选C。

Ⅱ．1～5　DCEBF