新目标八年级（下）英语短文填空（第16-20篇）+答案解析

这是一份人教新目标 (Go for it) 版八年级下册本册综合课时作业，共11页。
PART.16
阅读下面短文，根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空（未提供单词的，限填一词），使文章意思完整，正确。
There you are in your favorite clothing store. Everything is so cheap and fashionable! Even if you don’t need anything, you still leave ____151____ store with bags of new clothes. “Fashion is one of the least sustainable (可持续的) ____152____ (industry) on the planet,” said Michael Stanley-Jones, who works for the United Nations Environment Program. “We ____153____ (become) our own waste managers so far, collecting fashion waste.” It doesn’t just take up space in ____154____ (we) closets, though. It also ends up in landfills (垃圾场). In fact, three out of every five items of clothing end up either being burned ____155____ being sent to landfills.
____156____ (thank), buying second-hand clothing is becoming more popular. It’s cheaper and you can also find rare vintage (复古的) clothing by ____157____ (do) so. According to online seller ThredUp, the value of the second-hand market is predicted to reach $80 billion by 2029, an increase of 185 percent compared to the value at present.
In fact, there is still an even ____158____ (good) choice out there. “The only true sustainable way ____159____ (shop) is not to shop at all,” Rachel Kibbe, a fashion brand consultant, told Insider. Making full use ____160____ what you already have is the best choice.

PART.17
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Peter is a sixth-grader in the US. His family are excited that Grandpa is moving ____161____ Florida to their city. That is, Peter has to move out of his room to make his grandpa live ____162____ (comfortable). Peter loves his grandpa ____163____ wants his room back. Peter starts a war (战争) and makes fun of his grandpa. At last, they both want ____164____ (stop) the war because they really love each other. Grandpa comes up with an idea of making a room for ____165____ (he), so Peter gets his room back.
This story is from the book The War with Grandpa by an American ____166____ (write) Robert Kimmel Smith. Although it ____167____ (come) out in 1984, it is still quite popular among young people. In 2020, it was made into a movie and became one of ____168____ (popular) ones around the world.
This book teaches readers ____169____ important lesson. Fighting is never the answer. Talking about your feelings can play a part in ____170____ (help) you solve problems.
If you’d like to enjoy a funny but meaningful story, find some time to read the book!

PART.18
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式（每空不多于3个单词）。
I asked three friends in Green Middle School __171__ their New Year’s resolutions. Here are the __172__ (result) .
Jenny is going to get good grades, ___173___ she doesn’t think she studied well last term. She is going to study harder and listen to teachers more ___174___ (careful) in class. Tom wants to be much ___175___ (healthy) . He is going to eat more kinds of ___176___ (vegetable) and fruits, and he is going to eat fewer meals. He hopes he can look after ___177___ (him) well. Sometimes Jack didn’t finish his homework. He wants ___178___ (change) , so he is going to finish homework first every day. He is going to spend less time ___179___ (watch) TV and playing computer games.
How about my resolution? I’m going to exercise more, because exercise is very important. I’m going to get up early and exercise three times ____180____ week.

PART.19
阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
This year marks the 140th anniversary of Chinese writer Lu Xun’s birth. Lu Xun’s life ____181____ (experience) still inspire young people now. He used to be ____182____ medical student in Japan. ___183___, after seeing the darkness in Chinese society, he decided to pick up a pen instead ____184____ a scalpel（手术刀）. He wanted to use his writings to inspire people. “He really encouraged me a lot as he changed his dream to save the country,” said Zhao Zhihan, from Beijing. “When we make choices, we’d better ____185____ (think) about what they are for.”
Lu Xun is known for his satirical observations（讽刺性观察）of the early ____186____ (twenty) century Chinese society. His writings are very powerful and ____187____ (have) a large influence in the country for years. One of his ____188____ (famous) works is Call to Arms. It is a book of short stories written from 1918 to 1922. One of ____189____ (they) is very famous, A Madman’s Diary. It uncovers the problems of traditional values sharply. “Reading an article by him is____190____ (meaningful) than reading dozens by nobodies,” Mian said. “His care for society and sharpness are unique.”

PART.20
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
    How to make friends with a group of people?
    Do you know how to make friends with a group of people? Let me ___191___ you the steps about making friends with the group. Maybe it’s ___192___ (help) for you.
    First, you need to know what ___193___ of group they belong to (属于). If people of the group are shy, never ask them “Why don’t you talk?” or “Why are you quiet?” They don’t like it, so ___194___ do it.
   ___195___, remember that each group is different. They will use different words, find different things funny.
    Then, the important thing is that you should try to be outgoing. ___196___ you are outgoing, you will become very popular. Remember, no one ___197___ (want) to make friends with a quite shy person.
    Finally, find a right topic (话题) to talk with the group. ___198___ example, you can ask people ___199___ they will do before the weekend, but don’t make plans at once. Sometimes, things can change, so just talk with _____200_____ (they).


151．the    152．industries    153．have become    154．our    155．or    156．Thankfully    157．doing    158．better    159．to shop    160．of
【导语】本文讲了如何利用旧东西，详细地介绍了二手衣服的用途。
151．句意：即使你不需要任何东西，你仍然带着一包包的新衣服离开商店。此处特指上文提到的你最喜欢的服装店，用定冠词the。故填the。
152．句意：在联合国环境规划署工作的迈克尔·斯坦利-琼斯说：“时装业是地球上最不可持续的行业之一。”根据“one of”可知，要用名词复数，industry的复数形式industries。故填industries。
153．句意：到目前为止，我们已经成为了自己的垃圾管理者，收集时尚垃圾。根据“so far”可知，用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+动词过去分词”，主语We后用助动词have，become的过去分词形式为become。故填have become。
154．句意：然而，它不仅仅占据了我们衣柜里的空间。根据名词closets可知，用we的形容词性物主代词our表示“我们的”，修饰名词。故填our。
155．句意：事实上，每五件衣服中就有三件最终要么被烧掉，要么被送到垃圾填埋场。either...or... 意为“要么……要么……”。故填or。
156．句意：值得庆幸的是，购买二手衣服正变得越来越流行。此处用副词修饰整个句子，thank的副词形式thankfully，意为“幸亏地”，句首首字母大写。故填Thankfully。
157．句意：这样更便宜，而且你还可以找到稀有的古着。介词by后接动名词doing。故填doing。
158．句意：事实上，还有一个更好的选择。even后接形容词good的比较级better。故填better。
159．句意：“唯一真正可持续的购物方式就是根本不购物，”时尚品牌顾问蕾切尔·基贝在接受Insider网站采访时表示。根据“The only true sustainable way...”可知，用动词不定式做后置定语。故填to shop。
160．句意：充分利用你已经拥有的是最好的选择。make full use of意为“充分利用”。故填of。

161．from    162．comfortably    163．but    164．to stop    165．himself    166．writer    167．came    168．the most popular    169．an    170．helping
【导语】本文主要讲述了《与爷爷的战争》一书中彼得和爷爷之间的故事，并介绍了该书的作者及其影响。
161．句意：爷爷要从佛罗里达搬到他们的城市，他的家人都很兴奋。根据“...Florida to their city”可知，此处考查from...to...“从……到……”故填from。
162．句意：也就是说，为了让爷爷住得舒服，彼得不得不搬出他的房间。空处修饰动词live，应用comfortable的副词comfortably，故填comfortably。
163．句意：彼得爱他的爷爷，但想要回他的房间。空前空后在句意上是转折关系，所以用转折连词but连接，故填but。
164．句意：最后，他们都想停止战争，因为他们真的爱对方。want to do sth“想要做某事”，故填to stop。
165．句意：爷爷想出了一个主意，为他自己腾出一个房间，所以彼得得到了他的房间。根据“so Peter gets his room back.”可知，应是爷爷想办法为他自己腾出了一个房间，用反身代词himself。故填himself。
166．句意：这个故事出自美国作家罗伯特·坎摩尔·史密斯的《与爷爷的战争》一书。根据“an American ...Robert Kimmel Smith.”可知，此处指“美国作家”，writer“作家”，an后跟单数名词。故填writer。
167．句意：虽然它是1984年出版的，但仍然很受年轻人的欢迎。由时间状语in 1984可知，时态是一般过去时，所以空处用过去式。故填came。
168．句意：2020年，它被拍成了电影，成为世界上最受欢迎的电影之一。one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“最……之一”，固定句型。popular的最高级是most popular。故填the most popular。
169．句意：这本书给读者上了重要一课。lesson是可数名词单数形式，此处是泛指“一堂课”，important是以元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an修饰，故填an。
170．句意：谈论你的感受可以帮助你解决问题。play a part in doing sth“在做某事中起作用”，空处用help的动名词，故填helping。

171．about    172．results    173．because/for    174．carefully    175．healthier    176．vegetables    177．himself    178．to change    179．watching    180．a
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者和她/他的三个朋友的新年决心。
171．句意：我问了格林中学三个朋友的新年决心。根据语境及句意可知，此处填介词about“关于”，ask sb about sth“询问某人关于某事”。故填about。
172．句意：这里是结果。根据“are”可知，名词result“结果”应用复数形式，故填results。
173．句意：詹妮要取得好成绩，因为她认为上个学期她学得不好。此处讲述的是原因，用because/for引导原因状语从句。故填because/for。
174．句意：她要更加努力地学习，在课上更加认真地听老师讲课。根据“listen to teachers”可知此处用副词修饰动词，所以用careful的副词形式。故填carefully。
175．句意：汤姆想要更健康。根据“Tom wants to be much ... (healthy) .”可知，此处应填形容词，作表语；又因为空前的much用来修饰比较级，所以填healthy的比较级healthier。故填healthier。
176．句意：他要吃更多种类的蔬菜和水果，少吃肉。根据“more kinds of”可知后面应用名词复数。故填vegetables。
177．句意：他希望能照顾好自己。look after oneself表示“照顾自己”，主语为he，所以此处用反身代词himself。故填himself。
178．句意：他要改变一下，所以他要每天首先完成作业。want to do sth表示“想做某事”，故填to change。
179．句意：他要花更少的时间看电视，花更少的时间玩电子游戏。spend some time doing sth表示“花时间做某事”，故填watching。
180．句意：我要早起床，一周锻炼三次。根据语境可知，此处表频率，表达“一周三次”用three times a week，故填a。

181．experiences    182．a    183．However    184．of    185．think    186．twentieth    187．have    188．most famous    189．them    190．more meaningful
【导语】本文介绍了鲁迅弃医从文的原因以及他的著作。
181．句意：鲁迅的人生经历仍然激励着现在的年轻人。experience“经历”，可数名词，根据“inspire ”可知谓语动词是原形，说明主语是复数，故填experiences。
182．句意：他曾经是日本的医科学生。此处是指一名医学生，medical是以辅音音素开头，应用a，故填a。
183．句意：然而，在看到中国社会的黑暗后，他决定拿起一支笔而不是手术刀。前后是转折关系，且空后有逗号，应用however“然而”，故填However。
184．句意：然而，在看到中国社会的黑暗后，他决定拿起一支笔而不是手术刀。instead of“而不是”，为固定短语，故填of。
185．句意：我们做选择时，我们最好想想它们是为了什么。had better do sth“最好做某事”，为固定短语，故填think。
186．句意：鲁迅以对二十世纪初中国社会的讽刺观察而闻名。根据“century”可知用序数词表示二十世纪，故填twentieth。
187．句意：他的作品很有影响力，多年来在国内有很大的影响力。根据前句语境可知句子是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形，故填have。
188．句意：他最著名的作品之一是《呐喊》。one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“……最……之一”，最高级前有物主代词修饰，不加the，故填most famous。
189．句意：其中一本非常著名，《狂人日记》，它尖锐地揭示了传统价值观的问题。they是代词主格，位于介词of后，应用宾格，故填them。
190．句意：读他的一篇文章比读几十篇无名小卒的文章更有意义。根据“than”可知应用形容词比较级，故填more meaningful。

191．tell    192．helpful    193．kind    194．don’t    195．Next    196．If    197．wants    198．For    199．what    200．them
【导语】本文主要介绍了如何与群体交朋友的步骤。
191．句意：让我告诉你关于和群体交朋友的步骤。根据“the steps about making friends with the group.”可知，此处是告诉交朋友的步骤，tell“告诉”，let sb do sth“让某人做某事”。故填tell。
192．句意：也许它对你是有帮助的。根据“it’s”可知，此处用形容词作表语，helpful“有帮助的”。故填helpful。
193．句意：首先，你需要知道他们属于哪种类型的人群。根据“what ... of group they belong to”可知，是属于什么类型的人群，what kind of“什么种类”。故填kind。
194．句意：他们不喜欢，因此就不要做它。根据“They don’t like it”可知，他们不喜欢的话，就不要做，祈使句的否定句用助动词don’t。故填don’t。
195．句意：接下来，记住每一组是不同的。根据“remember that each group is different.”结合上文“First”及下文“Then”可知，此处表示下一步，next“接下来”，位于句首首字母大写。故填Next。
196．句意：如果你是外向的，你会变得很受欢迎。根据“you are outgoing, you will become very popular.”可知，此处表条件，用if引导条件状语从句，位于句首首字母大写。故填If。
197．句意：记住，没有人想和一个十分害羞的人交朋友。主语是no one，句子时态为一般现在时，谓语用三单。故填wants。
198．句意：例如，你可以在周末前问人们将做什么，但是不要立即制定计划。for exmple“例如”，介词短语，位于句首首字母大写。故填For。
199．句意：例如，你可以在周末前问人们将做什么，但是不要立即制定计划。根据“you can ask people ... they will do before the weekend”可知，此处是宾语从句，表示将要做什么，用what引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语。故填what。
200．句意：有时候，事情是会变化的，所以只是和他们谈一下。talk with“和谁交谈”，with是介词，后用代词宾格作宾语。故填them。