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2022届吉林省白山市抚松县抚松县第一中学高三下学期二模英语试题（含解析）
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这是一份2022届吉林省白山市抚松县抚松县第一中学高三下学期二模英语试题（含解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，短文改错，建议信等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022届吉林省白山市抚松县抚松县第一中学高三下学期二模英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Stone Mountain
Basic Information
Stone Mountain, Georgia, is the world’s largest exposed piece of granite (花岗岩). It is a rock of 7.5 billion cubic feet and it’s just a half-hour drive from Atlanta. But it’s not just the size of the mountain that attracts people to visit. Stone Mountain’s impressive feature is the Confederate Memorial Carving. Three heroes from the Civil War have been carved into the rock: Confederate President Jefferson Davis, General Robert E.Lee, and General Thomas J. “Stonewall” Jackson. The huge sculptures are surrounded by a carved surface that covers three acres.
How to Visit
Stone Mountain can be visited by taking a cable car ride up the north face. Brave tourists can hike along various paths to get closer to the amazing mountain. A visit to the top uncovers rock pools and views of downtown Atlanta that seems close enough to touch.
What to Visit
Located just outside the park’s west gate is Historic Stone Mountain Village. The village was established in 1839 and offers more than 50 specialty shops and restaurants. Tourists can visit antique (古董) stores as well as shop for art and jewelry created by local artisans.
Detailed Visiting Information
Address: U.S.Highway 78 E., Exit 8, Stone Mountain, GA
Telephone: 770/498-5690 or 800/401-2407
Hours of Operation: Wednesday to Friday from 10:00 am-2:00 pm (due to COVID-19)
Admission: $8 per car
1．What is Stone Mountain most famous for?
A．Its large memorial carving.
B．Its unique natural landscape.
C．Its having a large piece of granite.
D．Its being the hometown of famous heroes.
2．What can visitors do at Stone Mountain Park?
A．Hike along downtown Atlanta.
B．Go shopping outside its west gate.
C．Swim in beautiful swimming pools.
D．Learn to make jewels from the locals.
3．How much should Mr. Brown pay if he visits the park in two cars with his family of eight?
A．$8. B．$16. C．$32. D．$64.
Called “America’s wolf”, the red wolf is the only large predator whose historic range is found entirely within the United States, stretching from Texas to New England. But hunting gradually reduced its range, and it was declared extinct in the wild in 1980.
Recovery efforts in the wild began in 1987 on the Alligator River National Wildlife Refuge. In a ground-breaking successful experiment, eight captive (圈养的) wolves were released this year into North Carolina, eventually growing into a population over 100, reaching a peak of around 120 wolves in 2012. But illegal hunting and management changes by the Fish and Wildlife Service resulted in their numbers plummeting.
In the spring, conservationists celebrated a small bit of good news when four captive-born pups (幼兽) were placed into a cave and successfully adopted by a wild red wolf mother. Meanwhile, another four adults were released into the wild. The pups are thought to be still alive and healthy. But the adults didn’t go well. In the months after release, three were struck by cars and killed, and the fourth was fatally shot on private land.
To boost the population after these deaths, the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service announced in November that it planned to release nine adult red wolves into their recovery area this winter, land within and surrounding two wildlife reserves.
The Service also recently announced it would withdraw a 2018 proposal to shrink (缩小) the red wolves’ protected area in North Carolina by 90 percent, after a lawsuit accused the agency of going against the Endangered Species Act. Ron Sutherland of the Wildlands Network says it’s crucial that the agency has abandoned this wrong-headed proposal. And yet the situation now is even more urgent than it was in 2018 — this should launch the conservation community in the U. S. into crisis mode to save this species and bring it back from the extinction.
4．What does the underlined word “plummeting” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Promising. B．Declining. C．Multiplying. D．Increasing.
5．What can we infer from paragraph 3?
A．The released wolves lived well.
B．The population boosted after the release.
C．The red wolf faced greater threat than before.
D．The released red wolves still needed protection.
6．What would the Service do to save red wolves?
A．Shrink the red wolves’ reserves.
B．Make a proposal to protect the red wolves.
C．Put some red wolves in some specific places.
D．Force the protected area into the state of emergency.
7．What does the text focus on?
A．The protection of red wolves. B．Challenges faced by red wolves.
C．Reasons for red wolves extinction. D．The relationship between red wolves and humans.
If job seekers knew companies were using AI to fill open positions, would it stop them from applying for the job? The answer, according to a recent study, is yes — sometimes.
The researchers found that in certain instances, like the screening (筛选) of applications, participants usually accepted some degree of automation. But in other instances, like interviews, automation could stop job seekers from applying for a position.
Companies facing recent labor shortages are increasingly turning to AI as a way to facilitate and speed up the hiring process. AI can be used in tasks such as screening job candidates, checking professional licenses, and interviewing candidates.
The new research suggests that using AI in hiring could be quite opposite. For instance, in one part of the study, participants were shown fictional job postings and then asked if they intended to apply for the position. The researchers found that if the job posting said that AI was used both to screen applicants and to conduct interviews, participants’ intention to apply for the position averaged 2.77 on a six-point scale. If AI was used only for the screening process, participants’ intention to apply averaged 3.73.
In another experiment, the researchers also found that study participants saw pros and cons in the use of AI in interviewing. When told the hiring would be fully automated, some participants expected the whole hiring process to be more consistent (始终如一的) in its judgments. But others tended to believe that they had less voice in the final outcome. Overall, the study results suggest this concern tends to outweigh the appreciation of AI’s lack of bias (偏见) at the interviewing stage.
A mixed approach may be a way to get the best of both worlds. Participants may have been more open to automation earlier in the hiring process because they could see some benefits from using AI — such as less-biased decisions. But during the later stages applicants expect personal interaction, to give them an opportunity to sell themselves and to learn more about the company.
8．Why do companies increasingly turn to AI in hiring?
A．To attract more applicants. B．To boost hiring process.
C．To pick out top candidates. D．To solve labor shortages.
9．In which part do participants prefer automation?
A．Screening job candidates. B．Interviewing candidates.
C．Grading professional licenses. D．Predicting final outcomes.
10．What does the underlined part refer to in Paragraph 5?
A．Less AI involvement. B．Lack of consistent judgments.
C．Less-biased decisions. D．Lack of personal interaction.
11．What’s the main idea of the text?
A．Hi-tech is a two-edged sword.
B．AI finds its way to hiring process.
C．Automation may discourage job seekers.
D．A mixed approach should be adopted in hiring.
Looking at his pile of unpaid bills always makes Giuseppe Del Giudice feel uneasy. More often than not, Del Giudice leaves almost everything until the last moment. He is not alone. “It’s part of the human condition,” said procrastination (拖延症) researcher Tim Pychyl, a psychology professor at Carleton University. “We want to feel good now. The way to do that is to avoid the task.”
One big factor for avoidance is fear of failure, of not living up to expectations. Kelli Saginak, a 57-year-old functional health coach from Wisconsin, procrastinated about looking for a new job for years. “If I don’t take the risk, decide, or commit, I don’t have to face the judgment.” said Saginak. That inability to take action only confirmed her that she would never do any better. Procrastinators believe that they are more effective under pressure. But researchers have different opinions. “I once did an experiment, putting procrastinators under restrictions of time,” said Tim Pychyl. “They made more errors. They took longer than nonprocrastinators, but they thought they did better.”
Whatever the motivation, procrastination is usually not going to be good for you. Delaying a diet or exercise program may increase your risk of heart disease. Procrastinators experience higher levels of stress, both from leaving things to the last minute and from their own regrets about their procrastination. There’s one bit of good news: People tend to procrastinate less as they age. “As you grow older, the idea of living forever does fade away,” Tim Pychyl said. “It becomes clearer: How many summers do we have left? Ten? Fifteen? They’re really limited. What are you going to do with each of those summers?”
12．How does the author introduce the topic?
A．By raising questions. B．By giving an example.
C．By making a definition. D．By making comparisons.
13．What can be learned from Paragraph 2?
A．Kelli Saginal tends to take risks.
B．Procrastinators did better in the experiment.
C．Kelli Saginal has been looking for a new job.
D．Procrastinators are less effective under pressure.
14．Why do people tend to procrastinate less when getting older?
A．They are aware of the limited time.
B．They experience lower level of stress.
C．They regret what they have done before.
D．They seldom leave things to the last minutes.
15．Where is the text probably from?
A．A fiction. B．A book review.
C．A guidebook. D．A science magazine.
二、七选五
Criticism is harmful to healthy relationships. 16 First, work on changing your own behavior. Then, find effective ways to communicate if someone bothers you.
Changing Your Behavior
●Think before you speak. 17 Sometimes, it’s best to let small indiscretions (轻率的行为) go. Try taking a few deep breaths and leaving the room instead of criticizing.
●Separate the individual from their actions. If you work on separating the person from the action, you may naturally want to criticize less. As you realize you cannot judge a person’s character based on a single choice or decision, you will be unable to call someone out for being rude or disrespectful.
●Focus on positives. Oftentimes, being critical results from how you’re choosing to see a situation. Everyone has shortcomings. However, the vast majority of people have good qualities that outweigh bad ones. 18
Communicating More Effectively
● 19 Some people have issues that may need addressing. However, feedback is very different from criticism. When addressing an issue, focus on suggestions you can make to help another person improve, which is more effective than criticizing.
●Ask for what you want directly. Inefficient communication often results in heavy criticism. 20 Make sure to ask for what you want in a direct, respectful manner. This will eliminate (消除) the need for criticism.
●Consider the other party’s perspective. If you criticize others too often, you may be shutting out the other person’s point of view. Try to step in another person’s shoes before criticizing and you may get some new and special ideas.
A．Give feedback rather than criticism.
B．However, there are ways to avoid criticism.
C．Try to focus on a person’s positive qualities over their negative ones.
D．If you find yourself making assumptions about a person’s character, stop yourself.
E．If you’re not telling someone what you want, that person cannot be expected to know.
F．Criticism should, ideally, be working towards an effective solution to a negative situation.
G．When you want to dish out criticism, pause and consider whether you really need to say anything.
三、完形填空
Experts say boredom is good for kids. It forces them to be creative， 21 their imaginations and helps them discover new things. A(n) 22 in point is 13yearold Luke Hill from Dubuque, Iowa.
Luke was 23 of playing video games and riding his bike, so he decided to build a tiny house in his backyard instead. He made money from cutting lawns(草坪) and 24 exchanged some services, such as gaining the help of an electrical engineer 25 sweeping his garage. Luke also 26 spare materials from his grandmother’s house and other 27 materials from his neighbors for some of the windows and the door.
The 89squarefoot home cost $1,500 to build and 28 18 months. Inside there’s a kitchenette, a back sitting room, a table and a mounted(镶嵌的) TV, and an upstairs bedroom can be easily 29 by stairway.
Although Luke did the 30 and learned how to do all the work, he had his father’s 31 throughout the project. Greg Hill was very 32 that his son learned to stay on 33 and deal with grownups. However, he had some simple rules when Luke 34 the house: “You 35 the money. You build it. And you own it.”
Luke is now in love with 36 . He has a YouTube channel and hopes to 37 other kids to start building. 38 , he wants to build a bigger tiny house to live in, but for now, he 39 in his new home a few nights a week, does homework there, and uses it to take a 40 from his twin brother.
21．A．changes B．ignores C．improves D．weakens
22．A．method B．explanation C．procedure D．case
23．A．tired B．fond C．confident D．guilty
24．A．thus B．even C．still D．anyhow
25．A．in exchange for B．in praise for C．in support of D．in place of
26．A．updated B．ordered C．removed D．used
27．A．recycled B．cheap C．new D．raw
28．A．spent B．took C．saved D．wasted
29．A．supported B．accessed C．held D．landed
30．A．research B．housework C．experiment D．discovery
31．A．permission B．help C．control D．order
32．A．angry B．disappointed C．worried D．happy
33．A．credit B．business C．budget D．duty
34．A．finished B．decorated C．started D．painted
35．A．borrow B．donate C．raise D．distribute
36．A．books B．videos C．riding D．building
37．A．inspire B．press C．command D．warn
38．A．Luckily B．Eventually C．Frequently D．Strangely
39．A．brings out B．leaves out C．hangs out D．puts out
40．A．ride B．risk C．chance D．break
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Plastic has polluted the countryside and been 41 threat to wildlife for decades. In the last century or so, environmentalists have urged us 42 (cut) the amount of plastic we use or recycle the plastic bags. However, with only less than 14 percent of the total amount recycled, people are still struggling with plastic pollution 43 (global).
There may be a solution. Recently scientists have made a biodegradable (可降解的) plastic, 44 means the billions of plastic bags, cups, straws, etc. that we throw away each day could be recycled. 45 (compare) with ordinary plastics, they could break down as naturally as organic waste. They could do it within a few weeks, 46 (use) just heat and water. The new, biodegradable plastic has polyester-eating enzymes (酶) inside it, When these enzymes are exposed 47 heat and water, they eat away at the plastic and turn it into “food” for the soil. Professor Ting Xu said up to 98 per cent of the plastic her team made reduced into tiny pieces: She said: “The study gives us a belief that this continuing problem of single-use plastics can 48 (solve) in the near future.” She added: “Look at all the 49 (waste) stuff we throw away—clothing, shoes, electronics.... We are taking things from the earth at a 50 (fast) rate than we can return them.”
五、短文改错
51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10 处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号 (^), 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除: 把多系的词用斜线 (\) 划掉。
修改: 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10 处, 多者 (从第11 处起) 不计分。
One Monday afternoon, we were playing basketball on the playground while I suddenly slip and fell over. On seeing that, all my classmates rushed to me. Under the help of several other students, Li Xiang, one of my best friend put me on his back and headed for the clinic immediately. It turned out that my right ankle got injured but I had to be sent to hospital. He did not leave until an ambulance was arrived. The following day, he came to see me. To my greatly relief, he brought textbooks with them and helped me with my lessons. It was a great pleasure have such a devoting friend.
六、建议信
52．假如你是李华, 你的美国笔友 Jack 写信说由于他经常玩手机游戏, 和父母发生了争吵。你写信劝说他正确解决这个问题。
内容包括：
1. 对他的心情表示理解；2. 指出他的错误（至少两点）；3. 向父母道歉, 并改掉这个坏习惯。
注意：
1. 词数100词左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
Dear Jack,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案：
1．A 2．B 3．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。对旅游景点石山的景点内容、交通、门票等信息进行了介绍。
1．细节理解题。根据Basic Information段落下的“But it’s not just the size of the mountain that attracts people to visit. Stone Mountain’s impressive feature is the Confederate Memorial Carving.(但吸引人们参观的不仅仅是这座山的大小。石山令人印象深刻的是邦联纪念雕刻)”可知，石山最有名的是大型纪念雕刻。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据What to Visit段落下的“Located just outside the park’s west gate is Historic Stone Mountain Village.(位于公园西门外的是历史悠久的石山村)”及“Tourists can visit antique (古董) stores as well as shop for art and jewelry created by local artisans.(游客可以参观古董店，也可以购买当地工匠制作的艺术品和珠宝)”可知，游客们可以在西门外面购物。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据Detailed Visiting Information段落下的“Admission: $8 per car(门票：每辆车8美元)”可知，Brown先生和家人坐两辆车去公园，需花费$8*2=$16。故选B。
【点睛】
4．B 5．D 6．C 7．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由于非法捕猎和鱼类及野生动物管理局的管理改变而使得红狼数量急剧下降。
4．词句猜测题。根据划线单词的主语“illegal hunting and management changes by the Fish and Wildlife Service(非法捕猎和鱼类及野生动物管理局的管理改变)”和常识可知，非法捕猎会导致动物数量的下降，从而推知，划线词“plummeting”意为“下降、速降”。选项A“Promising (承诺)”；选项B“Declining (下降)”；选项C“Multiplying (相乘)”；选项D“Increasing (增加)”。故选B。
5．推理判断题。根据第三段“In the spring, conservationists celebrated a small bit of good news when four captive-born pups(幼兽) were placed into a cave and successfully adopted by a wild red wolf mother. Meanwhile, another four adults were released into the wild. The pups are thought to be still alive and healthy. But the adults didn’t go well. In the months after release, three were struck by cars and killed, and the fourth was fatally shot on private land.(今年春天，环保主义者庆祝了一个小小的好消息：四只圈养出生的红狼幼崽被放进一个洞穴，成功地被一只野生红狼妈妈收养。与此同时，另外四只成年红狼被放归野外。这些幼崽被认为仍然活着，健康。但成年红狼并不顺利。在释放后的几个月里，三头被汽车撞死，第四头在私人土地上被枪杀。)”可推断，被放生野外的红狼还需要保护。故选D。
6．细节理解题。根据第四段“To boost the population after these deaths, the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service announced in November that it planned to release nine adult red wolves into their recovery area this winter, land within and surrounding two wildlife reserves.(在这些死亡事件后，为了增加红狼的数量，美国鱼类和野生动物管理局在11月宣布，计划在今年冬天释放9只成年红狼到它们的恢复区，即两个野生动物保护区及其周围的土地上。)”可知，该机构计划今年释放一些红狼到特定的地区。故选C。
7．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“And yet the situation now is even more urgent than it was in 2018—this should launch the conservation community in the U. S. into crisis mode to save this species and bring it back from the extinction.(然而，现在的情况甚至比2018年更紧迫——这应该启动美国的保护社区进入危机模式，以拯救这个物种，并使其从灭绝中恢复。)”及全文可知，文章第一段和第二段主要讲了红狼的数量减少，而之后的段落主要讲述的是如何保护红狼。所以这篇文章的重点是保护红狼。故选A。
8．B 9．A 10．D 11．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了公司正在使用人工智能填补空缺职位，但人工智能可能会阻碍求职者申请职位。
8．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Companies facing recent labor shortages are increasingly turning to AI as a way to facilitate and speed up the hiring process. (最近面临劳动力短缺的公司越来越多地将人工智能作为促进和加快招聘过程的一种方式)”可知，越来越多的公司在招聘时求助于人工智能是为了促进招聘流程。故选B。
9．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The researchers found that in certain instances, like the screening of applications, participants usually accepted some degree of automation. (研究人员发现，在某些情况下，比如筛选应用程序，参与者通常会接受某种程度的自动化)”可知，参与者在筛选求职者时更喜欢自动化。故选A。
10．词句猜测题。根据文章画线部分上文“But others tended to believe that they had less voice in the final outcome. (但其他人倾向于认为，他们在最终结果中没有多少发言权)”以及下文“tends to outweigh the appreciation of AI’s lack of bias at the interviewing stage (往往超过了对人工智能在面试阶段缺乏偏见的评价)”可推知，画线部分“this concern”指代的是上文提到的人们所担忧的事情，即使用人工智能进行面试时，他们会在最终结果中没有多少发言权，即缺乏人际互动。故选D。
11．主旨大意题。通读全文，再结合文章第一段“If job seekers knew companies were using AI to fill open positions, would it stop them from applying for the job? The answer, according to a recent study, is yes — sometimes. (如果求职者知道公司正在使用人工智能填补空缺职位，这会阻止他们申请这份工作吗？根据最近的一项研究，答案是肯定的——有时是)”可推知，本文主要介绍了使用人工智能求职可能会阻碍求职者申请职位。故选C。
12．B 13．D 14．A 15．D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了拖延症的普遍性以及拖延症带来的后果，进而提出随着人们的年龄增长，人们更倾向减少拖延，原因在于时间对人们很有限。
12．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Kelli Saginak, a 57-year-old functional health coach from Wisconsin, procrastinated about looking for a new job for years. ”（Kelli Saginak 来自威斯康星州，现年57岁，是一名功能健康教练，多年来一直在拖延找新工作。）可知，这儿通过给出具体的事例来说明有拖延症的人在生活中存在的普遍性。选项B.“By giving an example.”（举例子）符合题意，故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Procrastinators believe that they are more effective under pressure. But researchers have different opinions. “I once did an experiment, putting procrastinators under restrictions of time,” said Tim Pychyl. “They made more errors. They took longer than nonprocrastinators, but they thought they did better.””（拖延者认为他们在压力下更有效率。但是研究人员有不同的观点。Tim Pychyl说：“我曾经做过一个实验，把拖延者置于时间的限制之下，他们犯了更多的错误。他们花的时间比不拖延的人长，但他们认为自己做得更好。”）可知，患有拖延症的人在压力下的工作效率更低。选项D.“Procrastinators are less effective under pressure.”（拖延症患者在压力下效率较低。）与文意相符，故选D。
14．细节理解题。根据最后一段中““It becomes clearer: How many summers do we have left? Ten? Fifteen? They’re really limited. What are you going to do with each of those summers?””（事情变得更清楚了: 我们还剩下多少个夏天？十个？十五个？它们真的很有限。每个夏天你打算做什么? ”）可推知，当人们年老时，时间对他们很有限，人们会倾向于减少拖延。选项A.“They are aware of the limited time.”（他们知道时间有限。）与文意相符，故选A。
15．推理判断题。纵观全文，文章在第一段引出了话题：拖延症在生活中是普遍的，进而在第二段中通过事例说明了患有拖延症的人往往认为自己会在压力下工作的效率高，然而通过实验发现，有拖延症的人在压力下工作的效率更低。第三段提到随着人们的年龄增长，人们更倾向减少拖延，原因在于时间对人们很有限。所以本文可能来自于对人们拖延症的研究。选项D.“A science magazine.”（一本科学杂志。）符合题意，故选D。
16．B 17．G 18．C 19．A 20．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述一些如何避免批评别人的方法。
16．上文“Criticism is harmful to healthy relationships.（批评对健康的关系是有害的。）”说明人际交往中批评别人不利于关系的健康发展。下文“First, work on changing your own behavior. Then, find effective ways to communicate if someone bothers you.（首先，努力改变你自己的行为。然后，如果有人打扰你，找到有效的沟通方式。）”给出一些具体的解决方法。B项“However, there are ways to avoid criticism.（然而，有一些方法可以避免批评。）”承上启下，符合语境。故选B项。
17．上文“Think before you speak.（三思之后再说话。）”说明该段给出的建议是说话之前应该好好思考。G项“When you want to dish out criticism, pause and consider whether you really need to say anything.（当你想要提出批评时，停下来想想是否真的需要说点什么。）”是对该段主旨的进一步解释，说明想要批评之前应该先思考，符合语境。故选G项。
18．该段主旨句“Focus on positives.（关注积极的方面。）”以及空前“Oftentimes, being critical results from how you’re choosing to see a situation. Everyone has shortcomings. However, the vast majority of people have good qualities that outweigh bad ones.（通常，批判源于你选择如何看待一个情况。每个人都有缺点。然而，绝大多数人都有好的品质，而不是坏的。）”说明该段主要讲述每个人都有缺点，然而大多数人的优点多于缺点，人们应该多关注别人积极的方面。C项“Try to focus on a person’s positive qualities over their negative ones.（试着关注一个人的积极品质而不是消极品质。）”承接上文，其中的“focus on a person’s positive qualities”和段首“Focus on positives”相呼应，说明我们应该多关注一个人的积极品质。故选C项。
19．上文“Communicating More Effectively（更有效地沟通）”说明该部分给出的避免批评的方法是进行有效沟通。下文“Some people have issues that may need addressing. However, feedback is very different from criticism. When addressing an issue, focus on suggestions you can make to help another person improve, which is more effective than criticizing.（有些人可能有需要解决的问题。然而，反馈与批评是截然不同的。在解决一个问题的时候，把重点放在你可以提出的帮助他人提高的建议上，这比批评更有效。）”说明该段主要讲述帮助别人解决问题时，反馈并且给出建议比批评更有效。A项“Give feedback rather than criticism.（给予反馈而不是批评。）”置于句首，概括该段主旨，符合语境。故选A项。
20．段首句“Ask for what you want directly.（直接说出你想要的东西。）”说明该段主要讲述在有效沟通中需要直接表达自己的需求。上文“Inefficient communication often results in heavy criticism.（低效的沟通往往会招致严厉的批评。）”说明无效的沟通会导致批评。下文“Make sure to ask for what you want in a direct, respectful manner. This will eliminate (消除) the need for criticism.（一定要以一种直接、有礼貌的方式提出你的要求。这将消除批评的必要。）”说明直接提出需求是有效的沟通方式，会消除沟通过程中的批评。E项“If you’re not telling someone what you want, that person cannot be expected to know.（如果你不告诉别人你想要什么，就不能指望那个人知道。）”承上启下，说明在有效沟通中要直接说出自己的需求，否则别人将不会知道，这将导致无效沟通和批评。故选E项。
21．C 22．D 23．A 24．B 25．A 26．D 27．A 28．B 29．B 30．A 31．B 32．D 33．C 34．C 35．C 36．D 37．A 38．B 39．C 40．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。通过来自Dubuque，Iowa的13岁的Luke对建筑感兴趣的例子，证明无聊对孩子有好处。它迫使孩子们变得有创造力，提高他们的想象力，帮助他们发现新的事物。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它迫使他们变得有创造力，提高他们的想象力，帮助他们发现新事物。A. changes改变；B. ignores忽略；C. improves提高，增强；D. weakens变弱。根据“It forces them to be creative”和“and helps them discover new things.”可知，具有创造力以后可以提高想象力。故选C。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个相关的例子是关于来自Luke Thrill from Dubuque, Iowa的13岁的Luke的故事。A. method方法；B. explanation解释；C. procedure程序；D. case情况，案例。下文是举了Luke这个例子。a case in point为固定搭配，意为“恰当的例证，明证”。故选D。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Luke厌倦了玩电子游戏和骑自行车。A. tired厌烦的；B. fond喜欢的；C. confident自信的；D. guilty有罪的。根据文章开头“Experts say boredom is good for kids.”和下文的“he decided to build a tiny house in his backyard instead”可知，专家认为无聊对孩子有好处，所以列举了Luke厌倦了玩电子游戏和骑自行车来证明专家的观点。故选A。
24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他从割草中赚钱，甚至交换了一些服务。A. thus因此；B. even甚至；C. still仍然；D. anyhow无论如何。由空前“He made money from cutting lawns”指出他从修剪草坪的工作中赚钱，空后“exchanged some services, such as”又指出他通过劳动跟别人交换服务，这两句话之间是递进关系，用“甚至”符合语境。故选B。
25．考查介词短语辨析。句意：打扫电气工程师的车库，以换取他的帮助。A. in exchange for以……换……；B. in praise for赞扬；C. in support of支持；D. in place of代替。根据前文“exchanged some services”可知，此处指换取他的帮助。故选A。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：卢克还用他祖母家房子的剩余材料和他的邻居家的其它回收材料做一些窗户和门。A. updated更新；B. ordered命令；C. removed移除；D. used使用。根据前文“He made money from cutting lawns and ___4___ exchanged some services, ”可知，他从修剪草坪的工作中赚钱，通过劳动跟别人交换服务，结合下文的“for some of the windows and the door.”可知，此处指Luke也使用其他的材料作为窗户和门。故选D。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：卢克还用他祖母家房子的剩余材料和他的邻居家的其它回收材料做一些窗户和门。A. recycled回收的；B. cheap便宜的；C. new新的；D. raw生的。根据下文的“materials from his neighbors for some of the windows and the door.”可知, 此处表示Luke建造的小房子用的是邻居不要了的材料。故选A。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这座89平方英尺的房子花费了1500美元建造，花费了18个月。A. spent花费；B. took花费；C. saved节省；D. wasted浪费。takes+时间/金钱意为“某物花费了多少时间/金钱”，主语必须是物；spend的主语必须是人，根据主语是“The 89-square-foot home”可知，此处是指建房子花费了18个月，用took。故选B。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：楼上的卧室可以很容易地通过楼梯进入。A. supported支持；B. accessed接近，进入；C. held持有；D. landed着陆。根据“by stairway”可知，此处指楼上的卧室通过楼梯就很容易进入，故选B。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管Luke做了研究，并学会了如何做所有的工作，但他在整个项目中都得到了他父亲的帮助。A. research研究；B. housework家务；C. experiment实验；D. discovery发现。根据上一段对房子内部的描述可知，小男孩是进行了研究，才能盖出房子。故选A。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管Luke做了研究，并学会了如何做所有的工作，但他在整个项目中都得到了他父亲的帮助。A. permission允许；B. help帮助；C. control控制；D. order命令。根据Although以及常识可知，小孩子建造这么复杂的房子需要父亲的帮助。故选Ｂ。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Greg Thill很高兴看到他的儿子学会保持预算，学会了和大人相处。A. angry愤怒的；B. disappointed失望的；C. worried担心的；D. happy高兴的。根据后文“and deal with grownups”可知，儿子学会保持预算，学会了和大人相处，所以Greg Thill对此很高兴。故选D。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Greg Thill很高兴看到他的儿子学会保持预算，学会了和大人相处。A. credit信誉；B. business生意；C. budget预算；D. duty职责。根据前文的割草赚钱和交换服务以及房子的总花费可知，父亲对儿子能在控制预算的情况下，建好房子感到很高兴。故选C。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当卢克开始建造这座房子时，他的父亲制定了一些简单的规则。A. finished完成；B. decorated装饰；C. started开始；D. painted油漆。根据后文“You ___15___ the money. You build it. And you own it.”可知，这是开始房子时制定的简单的规则。故选C。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你筹集资金。你建造它。你拥有它。A. borrow借；B. donate捐赠；C. raise筹集；D. distribute分配。根据第二段可知Luke做很多事情赚钱，所以此处指父亲要Luke自己筹钱建房子，故选C。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Luke喜欢上了建筑。A. books书；B. videos录像；C. riding骑；D. building建筑。根据下文“He has a YouTube channel and hopes to____17____other kids to start building.”可知，他把自己的经历发布在社交网站上，希望帮助其他孩子也能开始学习建筑。由此推测，Luke现在是爱上了建筑，因此使用 building。故选D。
37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他有一个YouTube频道，希望能激励其他孩子对建筑感兴趣。A. inspire激发；B. press压；C. command命令；D. warn警告。根据“He has a YouTube channel”可知，他把自己的经历发布在社交网站上，应该是希望鼓励其他的孩子开始建造。故选A。
38．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，他想建造一个更大的房子来居住。A. Luckily幸运地；B. Eventually最终地；C. Frequently频繁地；D. Strangely奇怪地。根据后文“But for now”可知，此处应该是说最终他是想要建造一个更大的房子住在里面。故选B。
39．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但现在，他每周都要在他的新房子里待上几个晚上，在那里做家庭作业，在那里休息，避开他的双胞胎兄弟。A. brings out出版，生产；B. leaves out遗漏；C. hangs out闲逛，居住；D. puts out扑灭。根据后文“in his new home a few nights a week”可知，他一周去几次新家居住。故选C。
40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但现在，他每周都要在他的新房子里闲逛几个晚上，在那里做家庭作业，在那里休息，避开他的双胞胎兄弟。A. ride骑车；B. risk冒险；C. chance机会；D. break休息，中断。根据“he___19____in his new home a few nights a week”可知，他每周都有几个晚上在他的新家居住，在那里做作业，并利用它来休息一下，远离他的孪生兄弟。故选D。
41．a 42．to cut 43．globally 44．which 45．Compared 46．using 47．to 48．be solved 49．wasted 50．faster
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新型可降解的塑料可以降低塑料带来的危害和污染。
41．考查冠词。句意：塑料污染了农村，几十年来一直威胁着野生动物。此处泛指一个威胁，应用不定冠词来修饰，且threat发音是以辅音音素开头，应用a，故填a。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意：在上个世纪左右，环保人士敦促我们减少塑料的使用量或回收塑料袋。urge sb. to do固定搭配，意为“催促某人做某事”，故填to cut。
43．考查副词。句意：然而，只有不到总量14% 的塑料被回收，人们仍然与全球塑料污染斗争。此处应用副词globally作状语，故填globally。
44．考查定语从句。句意：最近科学家们做了一个生物可分解塑料，这意味着我们每天扔掉的数十亿个塑料袋、杯子、吸管等等都可以被回收利用。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为上文整个句子，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导定语从句，故填which。
45．考查非谓语动词。句意：与普通塑料相比，它们可以像有机废物一样自然分解。此处是非谓语动词在句中作状语，主语they和动词compare是被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填Compared。
46．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们可以在几个星期内完成，只需要热量和水。此处是非谓语动词作状语，主语they和动词use是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填using。
47．考查固定搭配。句意：当这些酶暴露在热和水中时，它们会侵蚀塑料，并把它变成土壤的“食物”。be exposed to固定搭配，意为“暴露于”，故填to。
48．考查语态。句意：她说:“这项研究让我们相信，一次性塑料这个持续存在的问题可以在不久的将来得到解决。”that引导的同位语从句中，主语problem和动词solve是被动关系，由情态动词can可知，此处应用be solved。故填be solved。
49．考查形容词。句意：她补充说:“看看我们扔掉的那些被浪费掉的东西——衣服、鞋子、电子产品……。”此处应用形容词wasted作定语，修饰名词stuff，故填wasted。
50．考查形容词比较级。句意：我们从地球上拿走东西的速度比我们还回去的速度还要快。由than可知，此处应用形容词fast的比较级faster作定语，修饰名词rate，故填faster。
51．1. while→when
2. slip→slipped
3. Under→With
4. friend→friends
5. but→and/so
6. 去掉arrived前was
7. greatly→great
8. them→him
9. pleasure后面加to
10. devoting→devoted
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在打篮球的时候滑倒了，右脚踝受伤，朋友李翔及时帮助了作者，还去医院看望作者，给作者复习功课的故事。
【详解】1.考查固定句型。句意：一个星期一的下午，我们在操场上打篮球，我突然滑倒了。结合句意表示“某人正在做某事，这时……”句型为sb. be doing sth. when…。故while改为when。
2.考查时态。句意：一个星期一的下午，我们在操场上打篮球，我突然滑倒了。根据上文One Monday afternoon可知为一般过去时。故slip改为slipped。
3.考查介词。句意：在其他几个学生的帮助下，李翔，我最好的朋友之一，把我放在他的背上，并立即前往诊所。结合句意表示“在……的帮助下”短语为with the help of。故Under改为With。
4.考查名词的数。句意：在其他几个学生的帮助下，李翔，我最好的朋友之一，把我放在他的背上，并立即前往诊所。friend为可数名词，前文为短语“one of+可数名词复数形式”结构，故应用复数形式。故friend改为friends。
5.考查连词。句意：结果，我的右脚踝受伤了，不得不被送往医院。结合前后文语境可知此处为并列关系或因果关系，应用连词and或so。故but改为and/so。
6.考查语态。句意：直到救护车赶到，他才离开。ambulance与arrive为主动关系，故去掉arrived前was。
7.考查形容词。句意：让我大为宽慰的是，他给我带来了课本，帮我复习功课。修饰名词relief应用形容词great，作定语。故greatly改为great。
8.考查代词。句意：让我大为宽慰的是，他给我带来了课本，帮我复习功课。此处指李翔带着课本，应用代词him。故them改为him。
9.考查非谓语动词。句意：有这样一位忠实的朋友真是一件乐事。此处为句型It be a great pleasure to do sth.，表示“做某事是一件非常愉快的事”。故pleasure后面加to。
10.考查形容词。句意：有这样一位忠实的朋友真是一件乐事。修饰后文名词friend应用形容词devoted，作定语。故devoting改为devoted。
52．Dear Jack,
I am sorry to know that you often play games on your mobile phone. You quarreled with your parents, which made you upset. I can understand you but you should pay attention to the damage of the mobile phone.
For one thing, not only can they harm your eyes, making you be short in sight, but also scientists have proved that they can also affect your brain as well. For another, it is a waste of time to use mobile phone too much, which will makes you addicted. Moreover, mobile phones can also spread some false information to cheat you. Last but not least, it can be a waste of energy and money.
As for your parents, you should make an apology to them.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本文是应用文。要求考生给美国笔友 Jack 写信，就他经常玩手机游戏并和父母发生了争吵这个问题提出建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
关注：pay attention to→keep a watchful eye on
影响：affect→influence
而且： moreover→besides
至于：As for→as with
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I can understand you but you should pay attention to the damage of the mobile phone.
拓展句：I can understand you but you should pay attention to the damage that the mobile phone does to you.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I am sorry to know that you often play games on your mobile phone.（由that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】You quarreled with your parents, which made you upset.（由which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型3】For one thing, not only can they harm your eyes, making you be short in sight, but also scientists have proved that they can also affect your brain as well.（由not only…but also…连接的并列句和that引导的宾语从句）
2022届吉林省白山市抚松县抚松县第一中学高三下学期二模英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Stone Mountain
Basic Information
Stone Mountain, Georgia, is the world’s largest exposed piece of granite (花岗岩). It is a rock of 7.5 billion cubic feet and it’s just a half-hour drive from Atlanta. But it’s not just the size of the mountain that attracts people to visit. Stone Mountain’s impressive feature is the Confederate Memorial Carving. Three heroes from the Civil War have been carved into the rock: Confederate President Jefferson Davis, General Robert E.Lee, and General Thomas J. “Stonewall” Jackson. The huge sculptures are surrounded by a carved surface that covers three acres.
How to Visit
Stone Mountain can be visited by taking a cable car ride up the north face. Brave tourists can hike along various paths to get closer to the amazing mountain. A visit to the top uncovers rock pools and views of downtown Atlanta that seems close enough to touch.
What to Visit
Located just outside the park’s west gate is Historic Stone Mountain Village. The village was established in 1839 and offers more than 50 specialty shops and restaurants. Tourists can visit antique (古董) stores as well as shop for art and jewelry created by local artisans.
Detailed Visiting Information
Address: U.S.Highway 78 E., Exit 8, Stone Mountain, GA
Telephone: 770/498-5690 or 800/401-2407
Hours of Operation: Wednesday to Friday from 10:00 am-2:00 pm (due to COVID-19)
Admission: $8 per car
1．What is Stone Mountain most famous for?
A．Its large memorial carving.
B．Its unique natural landscape.
C．Its having a large piece of granite.
D．Its being the hometown of famous heroes.
2．What can visitors do at Stone Mountain Park?
A．Hike along downtown Atlanta.
B．Go shopping outside its west gate.
C．Swim in beautiful swimming pools.
D．Learn to make jewels from the locals.
3．How much should Mr. Brown pay if he visits the park in two cars with his family of eight?
A．$8. B．$16. C．$32. D．$64.
Called “America’s wolf”, the red wolf is the only large predator whose historic range is found entirely within the United States, stretching from Texas to New England. But hunting gradually reduced its range, and it was declared extinct in the wild in 1980.
Recovery efforts in the wild began in 1987 on the Alligator River National Wildlife Refuge. In a ground-breaking successful experiment, eight captive (圈养的) wolves were released this year into North Carolina, eventually growing into a population over 100, reaching a peak of around 120 wolves in 2012. But illegal hunting and management changes by the Fish and Wildlife Service resulted in their numbers plummeting.
In the spring, conservationists celebrated a small bit of good news when four captive-born pups (幼兽) were placed into a cave and successfully adopted by a wild red wolf mother. Meanwhile, another four adults were released into the wild. The pups are thought to be still alive and healthy. But the adults didn’t go well. In the months after release, three were struck by cars and killed, and the fourth was fatally shot on private land.
To boost the population after these deaths, the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service announced in November that it planned to release nine adult red wolves into their recovery area this winter, land within and surrounding two wildlife reserves.
The Service also recently announced it would withdraw a 2018 proposal to shrink (缩小) the red wolves’ protected area in North Carolina by 90 percent, after a lawsuit accused the agency of going against the Endangered Species Act. Ron Sutherland of the Wildlands Network says it’s crucial that the agency has abandoned this wrong-headed proposal. And yet the situation now is even more urgent than it was in 2018 — this should launch the conservation community in the U. S. into crisis mode to save this species and bring it back from the extinction.
4．What does the underlined word “plummeting” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Promising. B．Declining. C．Multiplying. D．Increasing.
5．What can we infer from paragraph 3?
A．The released wolves lived well.
B．The population boosted after the release.
C．The red wolf faced greater threat than before.
D．The released red wolves still needed protection.
6．What would the Service do to save red wolves?
A．Shrink the red wolves’ reserves.
B．Make a proposal to protect the red wolves.
C．Put some red wolves in some specific places.
D．Force the protected area into the state of emergency.
7．What does the text focus on?
A．The protection of red wolves. B．Challenges faced by red wolves.
C．Reasons for red wolves extinction. D．The relationship between red wolves and humans.
If job seekers knew companies were using AI to fill open positions, would it stop them from applying for the job? The answer, according to a recent study, is yes — sometimes.
The researchers found that in certain instances, like the screening (筛选) of applications, participants usually accepted some degree of automation. But in other instances, like interviews, automation could stop job seekers from applying for a position.
Companies facing recent labor shortages are increasingly turning to AI as a way to facilitate and speed up the hiring process. AI can be used in tasks such as screening job candidates, checking professional licenses, and interviewing candidates.
The new research suggests that using AI in hiring could be quite opposite. For instance, in one part of the study, participants were shown fictional job postings and then asked if they intended to apply for the position. The researchers found that if the job posting said that AI was used both to screen applicants and to conduct interviews, participants’ intention to apply for the position averaged 2.77 on a six-point scale. If AI was used only for the screening process, participants’ intention to apply averaged 3.73.
In another experiment, the researchers also found that study participants saw pros and cons in the use of AI in interviewing. When told the hiring would be fully automated, some participants expected the whole hiring process to be more consistent (始终如一的) in its judgments. But others tended to believe that they had less voice in the final outcome. Overall, the study results suggest this concern tends to outweigh the appreciation of AI’s lack of bias (偏见) at the interviewing stage.
A mixed approach may be a way to get the best of both worlds. Participants may have been more open to automation earlier in the hiring process because they could see some benefits from using AI — such as less-biased decisions. But during the later stages applicants expect personal interaction, to give them an opportunity to sell themselves and to learn more about the company.
8．Why do companies increasingly turn to AI in hiring?
A．To attract more applicants. B．To boost hiring process.
C．To pick out top candidates. D．To solve labor shortages.
9．In which part do participants prefer automation?
A．Screening job candidates. B．Interviewing candidates.
C．Grading professional licenses. D．Predicting final outcomes.
10．What does the underlined part refer to in Paragraph 5?
A．Less AI involvement. B．Lack of consistent judgments.
C．Less-biased decisions. D．Lack of personal interaction.
11．What’s the main idea of the text?
A．Hi-tech is a two-edged sword.
B．AI finds its way to hiring process.
C．Automation may discourage job seekers.
D．A mixed approach should be adopted in hiring.
Looking at his pile of unpaid bills always makes Giuseppe Del Giudice feel uneasy. More often than not, Del Giudice leaves almost everything until the last moment. He is not alone. “It’s part of the human condition,” said procrastination (拖延症) researcher Tim Pychyl, a psychology professor at Carleton University. “We want to feel good now. The way to do that is to avoid the task.”
One big factor for avoidance is fear of failure, of not living up to expectations. Kelli Saginak, a 57-year-old functional health coach from Wisconsin, procrastinated about looking for a new job for years. “If I don’t take the risk, decide, or commit, I don’t have to face the judgment.” said Saginak. That inability to take action only confirmed her that she would never do any better. Procrastinators believe that they are more effective under pressure. But researchers have different opinions. “I once did an experiment, putting procrastinators under restrictions of time,” said Tim Pychyl. “They made more errors. They took longer than nonprocrastinators, but they thought they did better.”
Whatever the motivation, procrastination is usually not going to be good for you. Delaying a diet or exercise program may increase your risk of heart disease. Procrastinators experience higher levels of stress, both from leaving things to the last minute and from their own regrets about their procrastination. There’s one bit of good news: People tend to procrastinate less as they age. “As you grow older, the idea of living forever does fade away,” Tim Pychyl said. “It becomes clearer: How many summers do we have left? Ten? Fifteen? They’re really limited. What are you going to do with each of those summers?”
12．How does the author introduce the topic?
A．By raising questions. B．By giving an example.
C．By making a definition. D．By making comparisons.
13．What can be learned from Paragraph 2?
A．Kelli Saginal tends to take risks.
B．Procrastinators did better in the experiment.
C．Kelli Saginal has been looking for a new job.
D．Procrastinators are less effective under pressure.
14．Why do people tend to procrastinate less when getting older?
A．They are aware of the limited time.
B．They experience lower level of stress.
C．They regret what they have done before.
D．They seldom leave things to the last minutes.
15．Where is the text probably from?
A．A fiction. B．A book review.
C．A guidebook. D．A science magazine.
二、七选五
Criticism is harmful to healthy relationships. 16 First, work on changing your own behavior. Then, find effective ways to communicate if someone bothers you.
Changing Your Behavior
●Think before you speak. 17 Sometimes, it’s best to let small indiscretions (轻率的行为) go. Try taking a few deep breaths and leaving the room instead of criticizing.
●Separate the individual from their actions. If you work on separating the person from the action, you may naturally want to criticize less. As you realize you cannot judge a person’s character based on a single choice or decision, you will be unable to call someone out for being rude or disrespectful.
●Focus on positives. Oftentimes, being critical results from how you’re choosing to see a situation. Everyone has shortcomings. However, the vast majority of people have good qualities that outweigh bad ones. 18
Communicating More Effectively
● 19 Some people have issues that may need addressing. However, feedback is very different from criticism. When addressing an issue, focus on suggestions you can make to help another person improve, which is more effective than criticizing.
●Ask for what you want directly. Inefficient communication often results in heavy criticism. 20 Make sure to ask for what you want in a direct, respectful manner. This will eliminate (消除) the need for criticism.
●Consider the other party’s perspective. If you criticize others too often, you may be shutting out the other person’s point of view. Try to step in another person’s shoes before criticizing and you may get some new and special ideas.
A．Give feedback rather than criticism.
B．However, there are ways to avoid criticism.
C．Try to focus on a person’s positive qualities over their negative ones.
D．If you find yourself making assumptions about a person’s character, stop yourself.
E．If you’re not telling someone what you want, that person cannot be expected to know.
F．Criticism should, ideally, be working towards an effective solution to a negative situation.
G．When you want to dish out criticism, pause and consider whether you really need to say anything.
三、完形填空
Experts say boredom is good for kids. It forces them to be creative， 21 their imaginations and helps them discover new things. A(n) 22 in point is 13yearold Luke Hill from Dubuque, Iowa.
Luke was 23 of playing video games and riding his bike, so he decided to build a tiny house in his backyard instead. He made money from cutting lawns(草坪) and 24 exchanged some services, such as gaining the help of an electrical engineer 25 sweeping his garage. Luke also 26 spare materials from his grandmother’s house and other 27 materials from his neighbors for some of the windows and the door.
The 89squarefoot home cost $1,500 to build and 28 18 months. Inside there’s a kitchenette, a back sitting room, a table and a mounted(镶嵌的) TV, and an upstairs bedroom can be easily 29 by stairway.
Although Luke did the 30 and learned how to do all the work, he had his father’s 31 throughout the project. Greg Hill was very 32 that his son learned to stay on 33 and deal with grownups. However, he had some simple rules when Luke 34 the house: “You 35 the money. You build it. And you own it.”
Luke is now in love with 36 . He has a YouTube channel and hopes to 37 other kids to start building. 38 , he wants to build a bigger tiny house to live in, but for now, he 39 in his new home a few nights a week, does homework there, and uses it to take a 40 from his twin brother.
21．A．changes B．ignores C．improves D．weakens
22．A．method B．explanation C．procedure D．case
23．A．tired B．fond C．confident D．guilty
24．A．thus B．even C．still D．anyhow
25．A．in exchange for B．in praise for C．in support of D．in place of
26．A．updated B．ordered C．removed D．used
27．A．recycled B．cheap C．new D．raw
28．A．spent B．took C．saved D．wasted
29．A．supported B．accessed C．held D．landed
30．A．research B．housework C．experiment D．discovery
31．A．permission B．help C．control D．order
32．A．angry B．disappointed C．worried D．happy
33．A．credit B．business C．budget D．duty
34．A．finished B．decorated C．started D．painted
35．A．borrow B．donate C．raise D．distribute
36．A．books B．videos C．riding D．building
37．A．inspire B．press C．command D．warn
38．A．Luckily B．Eventually C．Frequently D．Strangely
39．A．brings out B．leaves out C．hangs out D．puts out
40．A．ride B．risk C．chance D．break
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Plastic has polluted the countryside and been 41 threat to wildlife for decades. In the last century or so, environmentalists have urged us 42 (cut) the amount of plastic we use or recycle the plastic bags. However, with only less than 14 percent of the total amount recycled, people are still struggling with plastic pollution 43 (global).
There may be a solution. Recently scientists have made a biodegradable (可降解的) plastic, 44 means the billions of plastic bags, cups, straws, etc. that we throw away each day could be recycled. 45 (compare) with ordinary plastics, they could break down as naturally as organic waste. They could do it within a few weeks, 46 (use) just heat and water. The new, biodegradable plastic has polyester-eating enzymes (酶) inside it, When these enzymes are exposed 47 heat and water, they eat away at the plastic and turn it into “food” for the soil. Professor Ting Xu said up to 98 per cent of the plastic her team made reduced into tiny pieces: She said: “The study gives us a belief that this continuing problem of single-use plastics can 48 (solve) in the near future.” She added: “Look at all the 49 (waste) stuff we throw away—clothing, shoes, electronics.... We are taking things from the earth at a 50 (fast) rate than we can return them.”
五、短文改错
51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10 处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号 (^), 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除: 把多系的词用斜线 (\) 划掉。
修改: 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10 处, 多者 (从第11 处起) 不计分。
One Monday afternoon, we were playing basketball on the playground while I suddenly slip and fell over. On seeing that, all my classmates rushed to me. Under the help of several other students, Li Xiang, one of my best friend put me on his back and headed for the clinic immediately. It turned out that my right ankle got injured but I had to be sent to hospital. He did not leave until an ambulance was arrived. The following day, he came to see me. To my greatly relief, he brought textbooks with them and helped me with my lessons. It was a great pleasure have such a devoting friend.
六、建议信
52．假如你是李华, 你的美国笔友 Jack 写信说由于他经常玩手机游戏, 和父母发生了争吵。你写信劝说他正确解决这个问题。
内容包括：
1. 对他的心情表示理解；2. 指出他的错误（至少两点）；3. 向父母道歉, 并改掉这个坏习惯。
注意：
1. 词数100词左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
Dear Jack,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案：
1．A 2．B 3．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。对旅游景点石山的景点内容、交通、门票等信息进行了介绍。
1．细节理解题。根据Basic Information段落下的“But it’s not just the size of the mountain that attracts people to visit. Stone Mountain’s impressive feature is the Confederate Memorial Carving.(但吸引人们参观的不仅仅是这座山的大小。石山令人印象深刻的是邦联纪念雕刻)”可知，石山最有名的是大型纪念雕刻。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据What to Visit段落下的“Located just outside the park’s west gate is Historic Stone Mountain Village.(位于公园西门外的是历史悠久的石山村)”及“Tourists can visit antique (古董) stores as well as shop for art and jewelry created by local artisans.(游客可以参观古董店，也可以购买当地工匠制作的艺术品和珠宝)”可知，游客们可以在西门外面购物。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据Detailed Visiting Information段落下的“Admission: $8 per car(门票：每辆车8美元)”可知，Brown先生和家人坐两辆车去公园，需花费$8*2=$16。故选B。
【点睛】
4．B 5．D 6．C 7．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由于非法捕猎和鱼类及野生动物管理局的管理改变而使得红狼数量急剧下降。
4．词句猜测题。根据划线单词的主语“illegal hunting and management changes by the Fish and Wildlife Service(非法捕猎和鱼类及野生动物管理局的管理改变)”和常识可知，非法捕猎会导致动物数量的下降，从而推知，划线词“plummeting”意为“下降、速降”。选项A“Promising (承诺)”；选项B“Declining (下降)”；选项C“Multiplying (相乘)”；选项D“Increasing (增加)”。故选B。
5．推理判断题。根据第三段“In the spring, conservationists celebrated a small bit of good news when four captive-born pups(幼兽) were placed into a cave and successfully adopted by a wild red wolf mother. Meanwhile, another four adults were released into the wild. The pups are thought to be still alive and healthy. But the adults didn’t go well. In the months after release, three were struck by cars and killed, and the fourth was fatally shot on private land.(今年春天，环保主义者庆祝了一个小小的好消息：四只圈养出生的红狼幼崽被放进一个洞穴，成功地被一只野生红狼妈妈收养。与此同时，另外四只成年红狼被放归野外。这些幼崽被认为仍然活着，健康。但成年红狼并不顺利。在释放后的几个月里，三头被汽车撞死，第四头在私人土地上被枪杀。)”可推断，被放生野外的红狼还需要保护。故选D。
6．细节理解题。根据第四段“To boost the population after these deaths, the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service announced in November that it planned to release nine adult red wolves into their recovery area this winter, land within and surrounding two wildlife reserves.(在这些死亡事件后，为了增加红狼的数量，美国鱼类和野生动物管理局在11月宣布，计划在今年冬天释放9只成年红狼到它们的恢复区，即两个野生动物保护区及其周围的土地上。)”可知，该机构计划今年释放一些红狼到特定的地区。故选C。
7．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“And yet the situation now is even more urgent than it was in 2018—this should launch the conservation community in the U. S. into crisis mode to save this species and bring it back from the extinction.(然而，现在的情况甚至比2018年更紧迫——这应该启动美国的保护社区进入危机模式，以拯救这个物种，并使其从灭绝中恢复。)”及全文可知，文章第一段和第二段主要讲了红狼的数量减少，而之后的段落主要讲述的是如何保护红狼。所以这篇文章的重点是保护红狼。故选A。
8．B 9．A 10．D 11．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了公司正在使用人工智能填补空缺职位，但人工智能可能会阻碍求职者申请职位。
8．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Companies facing recent labor shortages are increasingly turning to AI as a way to facilitate and speed up the hiring process. (最近面临劳动力短缺的公司越来越多地将人工智能作为促进和加快招聘过程的一种方式)”可知，越来越多的公司在招聘时求助于人工智能是为了促进招聘流程。故选B。
9．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The researchers found that in certain instances, like the screening of applications, participants usually accepted some degree of automation. (研究人员发现，在某些情况下，比如筛选应用程序，参与者通常会接受某种程度的自动化)”可知，参与者在筛选求职者时更喜欢自动化。故选A。
10．词句猜测题。根据文章画线部分上文“But others tended to believe that they had less voice in the final outcome. (但其他人倾向于认为，他们在最终结果中没有多少发言权)”以及下文“tends to outweigh the appreciation of AI’s lack of bias at the interviewing stage (往往超过了对人工智能在面试阶段缺乏偏见的评价)”可推知，画线部分“this concern”指代的是上文提到的人们所担忧的事情，即使用人工智能进行面试时，他们会在最终结果中没有多少发言权，即缺乏人际互动。故选D。
11．主旨大意题。通读全文，再结合文章第一段“If job seekers knew companies were using AI to fill open positions, would it stop them from applying for the job? The answer, according to a recent study, is yes — sometimes. (如果求职者知道公司正在使用人工智能填补空缺职位，这会阻止他们申请这份工作吗？根据最近的一项研究，答案是肯定的——有时是)”可推知，本文主要介绍了使用人工智能求职可能会阻碍求职者申请职位。故选C。
12．B 13．D 14．A 15．D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了拖延症的普遍性以及拖延症带来的后果，进而提出随着人们的年龄增长，人们更倾向减少拖延，原因在于时间对人们很有限。
12．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Kelli Saginak, a 57-year-old functional health coach from Wisconsin, procrastinated about looking for a new job for years. ”（Kelli Saginak 来自威斯康星州，现年57岁，是一名功能健康教练，多年来一直在拖延找新工作。）可知，这儿通过给出具体的事例来说明有拖延症的人在生活中存在的普遍性。选项B.“By giving an example.”（举例子）符合题意，故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Procrastinators believe that they are more effective under pressure. But researchers have different opinions. “I once did an experiment, putting procrastinators under restrictions of time,” said Tim Pychyl. “They made more errors. They took longer than nonprocrastinators, but they thought they did better.””（拖延者认为他们在压力下更有效率。但是研究人员有不同的观点。Tim Pychyl说：“我曾经做过一个实验，把拖延者置于时间的限制之下，他们犯了更多的错误。他们花的时间比不拖延的人长，但他们认为自己做得更好。”）可知，患有拖延症的人在压力下的工作效率更低。选项D.“Procrastinators are less effective under pressure.”（拖延症患者在压力下效率较低。）与文意相符，故选D。
14．细节理解题。根据最后一段中““It becomes clearer: How many summers do we have left? Ten? Fifteen? They’re really limited. What are you going to do with each of those summers?””（事情变得更清楚了: 我们还剩下多少个夏天？十个？十五个？它们真的很有限。每个夏天你打算做什么? ”）可推知，当人们年老时，时间对他们很有限，人们会倾向于减少拖延。选项A.“They are aware of the limited time.”（他们知道时间有限。）与文意相符，故选A。
15．推理判断题。纵观全文，文章在第一段引出了话题：拖延症在生活中是普遍的，进而在第二段中通过事例说明了患有拖延症的人往往认为自己会在压力下工作的效率高，然而通过实验发现，有拖延症的人在压力下工作的效率更低。第三段提到随着人们的年龄增长，人们更倾向减少拖延，原因在于时间对人们很有限。所以本文可能来自于对人们拖延症的研究。选项D.“A science magazine.”（一本科学杂志。）符合题意，故选D。
16．B 17．G 18．C 19．A 20．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述一些如何避免批评别人的方法。
16．上文“Criticism is harmful to healthy relationships.（批评对健康的关系是有害的。）”说明人际交往中批评别人不利于关系的健康发展。下文“First, work on changing your own behavior. Then, find effective ways to communicate if someone bothers you.（首先，努力改变你自己的行为。然后，如果有人打扰你，找到有效的沟通方式。）”给出一些具体的解决方法。B项“However, there are ways to avoid criticism.（然而，有一些方法可以避免批评。）”承上启下，符合语境。故选B项。
17．上文“Think before you speak.（三思之后再说话。）”说明该段给出的建议是说话之前应该好好思考。G项“When you want to dish out criticism, pause and consider whether you really need to say anything.（当你想要提出批评时，停下来想想是否真的需要说点什么。）”是对该段主旨的进一步解释，说明想要批评之前应该先思考，符合语境。故选G项。
18．该段主旨句“Focus on positives.（关注积极的方面。）”以及空前“Oftentimes, being critical results from how you’re choosing to see a situation. Everyone has shortcomings. However, the vast majority of people have good qualities that outweigh bad ones.（通常，批判源于你选择如何看待一个情况。每个人都有缺点。然而，绝大多数人都有好的品质，而不是坏的。）”说明该段主要讲述每个人都有缺点，然而大多数人的优点多于缺点，人们应该多关注别人积极的方面。C项“Try to focus on a person’s positive qualities over their negative ones.（试着关注一个人的积极品质而不是消极品质。）”承接上文，其中的“focus on a person’s positive qualities”和段首“Focus on positives”相呼应，说明我们应该多关注一个人的积极品质。故选C项。
19．上文“Communicating More Effectively（更有效地沟通）”说明该部分给出的避免批评的方法是进行有效沟通。下文“Some people have issues that may need addressing. However, feedback is very different from criticism. When addressing an issue, focus on suggestions you can make to help another person improve, which is more effective than criticizing.（有些人可能有需要解决的问题。然而，反馈与批评是截然不同的。在解决一个问题的时候，把重点放在你可以提出的帮助他人提高的建议上，这比批评更有效。）”说明该段主要讲述帮助别人解决问题时，反馈并且给出建议比批评更有效。A项“Give feedback rather than criticism.（给予反馈而不是批评。）”置于句首，概括该段主旨，符合语境。故选A项。
20．段首句“Ask for what you want directly.（直接说出你想要的东西。）”说明该段主要讲述在有效沟通中需要直接表达自己的需求。上文“Inefficient communication often results in heavy criticism.（低效的沟通往往会招致严厉的批评。）”说明无效的沟通会导致批评。下文“Make sure to ask for what you want in a direct, respectful manner. This will eliminate (消除) the need for criticism.（一定要以一种直接、有礼貌的方式提出你的要求。这将消除批评的必要。）”说明直接提出需求是有效的沟通方式，会消除沟通过程中的批评。E项“If you’re not telling someone what you want, that person cannot be expected to know.（如果你不告诉别人你想要什么，就不能指望那个人知道。）”承上启下，说明在有效沟通中要直接说出自己的需求，否则别人将不会知道，这将导致无效沟通和批评。故选E项。
21．C 22．D 23．A 24．B 25．A 26．D 27．A 28．B 29．B 30．A 31．B 32．D 33．C 34．C 35．C 36．D 37．A 38．B 39．C 40．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。通过来自Dubuque，Iowa的13岁的Luke对建筑感兴趣的例子，证明无聊对孩子有好处。它迫使孩子们变得有创造力，提高他们的想象力，帮助他们发现新的事物。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它迫使他们变得有创造力，提高他们的想象力，帮助他们发现新事物。A. changes改变；B. ignores忽略；C. improves提高，增强；D. weakens变弱。根据“It forces them to be creative”和“and helps them discover new things.”可知，具有创造力以后可以提高想象力。故选C。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个相关的例子是关于来自Luke Thrill from Dubuque, Iowa的13岁的Luke的故事。A. method方法；B. explanation解释；C. procedure程序；D. case情况，案例。下文是举了Luke这个例子。a case in point为固定搭配，意为“恰当的例证，明证”。故选D。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Luke厌倦了玩电子游戏和骑自行车。A. tired厌烦的；B. fond喜欢的；C. confident自信的；D. guilty有罪的。根据文章开头“Experts say boredom is good for kids.”和下文的“he decided to build a tiny house in his backyard instead”可知，专家认为无聊对孩子有好处，所以列举了Luke厌倦了玩电子游戏和骑自行车来证明专家的观点。故选A。
24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他从割草中赚钱，甚至交换了一些服务。A. thus因此；B. even甚至；C. still仍然；D. anyhow无论如何。由空前“He made money from cutting lawns”指出他从修剪草坪的工作中赚钱，空后“exchanged some services, such as”又指出他通过劳动跟别人交换服务，这两句话之间是递进关系，用“甚至”符合语境。故选B。
25．考查介词短语辨析。句意：打扫电气工程师的车库，以换取他的帮助。A. in exchange for以……换……；B. in praise for赞扬；C. in support of支持；D. in place of代替。根据前文“exchanged some services”可知，此处指换取他的帮助。故选A。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：卢克还用他祖母家房子的剩余材料和他的邻居家的其它回收材料做一些窗户和门。A. updated更新；B. ordered命令；C. removed移除；D. used使用。根据前文“He made money from cutting lawns and ___4___ exchanged some services, ”可知，他从修剪草坪的工作中赚钱，通过劳动跟别人交换服务，结合下文的“for some of the windows and the door.”可知，此处指Luke也使用其他的材料作为窗户和门。故选D。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：卢克还用他祖母家房子的剩余材料和他的邻居家的其它回收材料做一些窗户和门。A. recycled回收的；B. cheap便宜的；C. new新的；D. raw生的。根据下文的“materials from his neighbors for some of the windows and the door.”可知, 此处表示Luke建造的小房子用的是邻居不要了的材料。故选A。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这座89平方英尺的房子花费了1500美元建造，花费了18个月。A. spent花费；B. took花费；C. saved节省；D. wasted浪费。takes+时间/金钱意为“某物花费了多少时间/金钱”，主语必须是物；spend的主语必须是人，根据主语是“The 89-square-foot home”可知，此处是指建房子花费了18个月，用took。故选B。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：楼上的卧室可以很容易地通过楼梯进入。A. supported支持；B. accessed接近，进入；C. held持有；D. landed着陆。根据“by stairway”可知，此处指楼上的卧室通过楼梯就很容易进入，故选B。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管Luke做了研究，并学会了如何做所有的工作，但他在整个项目中都得到了他父亲的帮助。A. research研究；B. housework家务；C. experiment实验；D. discovery发现。根据上一段对房子内部的描述可知，小男孩是进行了研究，才能盖出房子。故选A。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管Luke做了研究，并学会了如何做所有的工作，但他在整个项目中都得到了他父亲的帮助。A. permission允许；B. help帮助；C. control控制；D. order命令。根据Although以及常识可知，小孩子建造这么复杂的房子需要父亲的帮助。故选Ｂ。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Greg Thill很高兴看到他的儿子学会保持预算，学会了和大人相处。A. angry愤怒的；B. disappointed失望的；C. worried担心的；D. happy高兴的。根据后文“and deal with grownups”可知，儿子学会保持预算，学会了和大人相处，所以Greg Thill对此很高兴。故选D。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Greg Thill很高兴看到他的儿子学会保持预算，学会了和大人相处。A. credit信誉；B. business生意；C. budget预算；D. duty职责。根据前文的割草赚钱和交换服务以及房子的总花费可知，父亲对儿子能在控制预算的情况下，建好房子感到很高兴。故选C。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当卢克开始建造这座房子时，他的父亲制定了一些简单的规则。A. finished完成；B. decorated装饰；C. started开始；D. painted油漆。根据后文“You ___15___ the money. You build it. And you own it.”可知，这是开始房子时制定的简单的规则。故选C。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你筹集资金。你建造它。你拥有它。A. borrow借；B. donate捐赠；C. raise筹集；D. distribute分配。根据第二段可知Luke做很多事情赚钱，所以此处指父亲要Luke自己筹钱建房子，故选C。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Luke喜欢上了建筑。A. books书；B. videos录像；C. riding骑；D. building建筑。根据下文“He has a YouTube channel and hopes to____17____other kids to start building.”可知，他把自己的经历发布在社交网站上，希望帮助其他孩子也能开始学习建筑。由此推测，Luke现在是爱上了建筑，因此使用 building。故选D。
37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他有一个YouTube频道，希望能激励其他孩子对建筑感兴趣。A. inspire激发；B. press压；C. command命令；D. warn警告。根据“He has a YouTube channel”可知，他把自己的经历发布在社交网站上，应该是希望鼓励其他的孩子开始建造。故选A。
38．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，他想建造一个更大的房子来居住。A. Luckily幸运地；B. Eventually最终地；C. Frequently频繁地；D. Strangely奇怪地。根据后文“But for now”可知，此处应该是说最终他是想要建造一个更大的房子住在里面。故选B。
39．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但现在，他每周都要在他的新房子里待上几个晚上，在那里做家庭作业，在那里休息，避开他的双胞胎兄弟。A. brings out出版，生产；B. leaves out遗漏；C. hangs out闲逛，居住；D. puts out扑灭。根据后文“in his new home a few nights a week”可知，他一周去几次新家居住。故选C。
40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但现在，他每周都要在他的新房子里闲逛几个晚上，在那里做家庭作业，在那里休息，避开他的双胞胎兄弟。A. ride骑车；B. risk冒险；C. chance机会；D. break休息，中断。根据“he___19____in his new home a few nights a week”可知，他每周都有几个晚上在他的新家居住，在那里做作业，并利用它来休息一下，远离他的孪生兄弟。故选D。
41．a 42．to cut 43．globally 44．which 45．Compared 46．using 47．to 48．be solved 49．wasted 50．faster
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新型可降解的塑料可以降低塑料带来的危害和污染。
41．考查冠词。句意：塑料污染了农村，几十年来一直威胁着野生动物。此处泛指一个威胁，应用不定冠词来修饰，且threat发音是以辅音音素开头，应用a，故填a。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意：在上个世纪左右，环保人士敦促我们减少塑料的使用量或回收塑料袋。urge sb. to do固定搭配，意为“催促某人做某事”，故填to cut。
43．考查副词。句意：然而，只有不到总量14% 的塑料被回收，人们仍然与全球塑料污染斗争。此处应用副词globally作状语，故填globally。
44．考查定语从句。句意：最近科学家们做了一个生物可分解塑料，这意味着我们每天扔掉的数十亿个塑料袋、杯子、吸管等等都可以被回收利用。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为上文整个句子，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导定语从句，故填which。
45．考查非谓语动词。句意：与普通塑料相比，它们可以像有机废物一样自然分解。此处是非谓语动词在句中作状语，主语they和动词compare是被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填Compared。
46．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们可以在几个星期内完成，只需要热量和水。此处是非谓语动词作状语，主语they和动词use是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填using。
47．考查固定搭配。句意：当这些酶暴露在热和水中时，它们会侵蚀塑料，并把它变成土壤的“食物”。be exposed to固定搭配，意为“暴露于”，故填to。
48．考查语态。句意：她说:“这项研究让我们相信，一次性塑料这个持续存在的问题可以在不久的将来得到解决。”that引导的同位语从句中，主语problem和动词solve是被动关系，由情态动词can可知，此处应用be solved。故填be solved。
49．考查形容词。句意：她补充说:“看看我们扔掉的那些被浪费掉的东西——衣服、鞋子、电子产品……。”此处应用形容词wasted作定语，修饰名词stuff，故填wasted。
50．考查形容词比较级。句意：我们从地球上拿走东西的速度比我们还回去的速度还要快。由than可知，此处应用形容词fast的比较级faster作定语，修饰名词rate，故填faster。
51．1. while→when
2. slip→slipped
3. Under→With
4. friend→friends
5. but→and/so
6. 去掉arrived前was
7. greatly→great
8. them→him
9. pleasure后面加to
10. devoting→devoted
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在打篮球的时候滑倒了，右脚踝受伤，朋友李翔及时帮助了作者，还去医院看望作者，给作者复习功课的故事。
【详解】1.考查固定句型。句意：一个星期一的下午，我们在操场上打篮球，我突然滑倒了。结合句意表示“某人正在做某事，这时……”句型为sb. be doing sth. when…。故while改为when。
2.考查时态。句意：一个星期一的下午，我们在操场上打篮球，我突然滑倒了。根据上文One Monday afternoon可知为一般过去时。故slip改为slipped。
3.考查介词。句意：在其他几个学生的帮助下，李翔，我最好的朋友之一，把我放在他的背上，并立即前往诊所。结合句意表示“在……的帮助下”短语为with the help of。故Under改为With。
4.考查名词的数。句意：在其他几个学生的帮助下，李翔，我最好的朋友之一，把我放在他的背上，并立即前往诊所。friend为可数名词，前文为短语“one of+可数名词复数形式”结构，故应用复数形式。故friend改为friends。
5.考查连词。句意：结果，我的右脚踝受伤了，不得不被送往医院。结合前后文语境可知此处为并列关系或因果关系，应用连词and或so。故but改为and/so。
6.考查语态。句意：直到救护车赶到，他才离开。ambulance与arrive为主动关系，故去掉arrived前was。
7.考查形容词。句意：让我大为宽慰的是，他给我带来了课本，帮我复习功课。修饰名词relief应用形容词great，作定语。故greatly改为great。
8.考查代词。句意：让我大为宽慰的是，他给我带来了课本，帮我复习功课。此处指李翔带着课本，应用代词him。故them改为him。
9.考查非谓语动词。句意：有这样一位忠实的朋友真是一件乐事。此处为句型It be a great pleasure to do sth.，表示“做某事是一件非常愉快的事”。故pleasure后面加to。
10.考查形容词。句意：有这样一位忠实的朋友真是一件乐事。修饰后文名词friend应用形容词devoted，作定语。故devoting改为devoted。
52．Dear Jack,
I am sorry to know that you often play games on your mobile phone. You quarreled with your parents, which made you upset. I can understand you but you should pay attention to the damage of the mobile phone.
For one thing, not only can they harm your eyes, making you be short in sight, but also scientists have proved that they can also affect your brain as well. For another, it is a waste of time to use mobile phone too much, which will makes you addicted. Moreover, mobile phones can also spread some false information to cheat you. Last but not least, it can be a waste of energy and money.
As for your parents, you should make an apology to them.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本文是应用文。要求考生给美国笔友 Jack 写信，就他经常玩手机游戏并和父母发生了争吵这个问题提出建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
关注：pay attention to→keep a watchful eye on
影响：affect→influence
而且： moreover→besides
至于：As for→as with
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I can understand you but you should pay attention to the damage of the mobile phone.
拓展句：I can understand you but you should pay attention to the damage that the mobile phone does to you.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I am sorry to know that you often play games on your mobile phone.（由that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】You quarreled with your parents, which made you upset.（由which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型3】For one thing, not only can they harm your eyes, making you be short in sight, but also scientists have proved that they can also affect your brain as well.（由not only…but also…连接的并列句和that引导的宾语从句）
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