山东省德州市陵城区2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份山东省德州市陵城区2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题（解析版），共19页。试卷主要包含了听力测试，综合填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年第二学期学业水平检测试题
（八年级 英语）
（满分150分，时间120分钟）
一、听力测试(共25小题; 1-20小题，每小题1分；21-25小题，每小题2分; 总计30分；每小题约有8秒钟的答题时间)
(一) 录音中有五个句子，每个句子听两遍，然后从每小题A、B、C中选出能对每个句子做出适当反应的答语。(5分)
1. A. It’s too far. B. It’s too boring. C. It’s too cold.
2. A. Hold on! B. Who is calling? C. Sorry, she isn’t in.
3. A. For two years. B. At nine o’clock. C. Two months ago.
4. A. I’m not sure. B. On Sunday. C. In a bookstore next to our school.
5. A. I’m sure you can make it. B. Why not ask your parents to bring it here. C. You should have a rest.
（二）录音中有三个句子，每个句子对应一幅图片，每个句子听两遍，然后选择与句子内容相对应的图片。（3分）
A. B. C.
6. ____________ 7. ___________ 8. ____________
（三）录音中有五组对话，听对话两遍后，从每小题A、B、C中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。(5分)
9. Where does Lily's pen friend come from?
A. China. B. Brazil. C. America.
10. What does the man want to know about?
A. The woman’s experience. B. The woman’s work as a presenter. C. The woman’s work as a player.
11. Where does Grandpa probably live?
A. In a city. B. In a nursing house. C. On a farm.
12. What’s wrong with the boy?
A. He has no friends. B. He has a cold. C. He had a fight with his parents.
13. How much is the milk?
A. 5 dollars. B. 9 dollars. C. 4 dollars.
(四) 录音中有一段长对话，听对话两遍后，从每小题A、B、C中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。(4分)
14. Why did Lily look sad?
A She fought with Anna. B. She did not pass the exam. C. She was ill.
15. How long was Lily away from school?
A. For a week. 　　　　 B. For two weeks. C. For three days.
16. How will they help Lily?
A. By helping her do her homework. B. By looking after her. C. By studying together with her.
17. When will they start?
A. Today. 　　　 　B. Tomorrow. C. The day after tomorrow.
(五) 录音中有三小段独白，听独白两遍后，根据独白内容,将信息配对。(3分)
18. Jack A. will go to Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou.
19. Tom B. like traveling and always want to see the sea.
20.Olivia C. used to stay in his own country for holidays.
(六) 听力填表(共5小题；录音播放前，你有20秒钟的读题时间)。(10分)
录音中有一篇短文，听短文两遍后，请你根据表格内容提示，记录相关信息，完成表格（每空一词）。
A happy day on the farm
When and where
Last (21)__________ , invited Jackson to his uncle’s farm in the countryside.
How
It took them about (22)_________ minutes to get to the farm by coach.
What
Tony's aunt showed them around the farm. They felt very excited.
Tony and Jackson began to pick (23)__________.
Tony's uncle told them about the (24)___________ of the farm.
It was (25) __________ to learn to ride a horse. , but they enjoyed themselves.
二．阅读理解(共20小题，每小题2.5分，计50分)
阅读下列短文，然后从每小题A、B、C、D 中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。
A
Scientists say that hobbies can make kids smarter, healthier and even more successful when they grow up. How?
They Help You Learn
When you have a hobby, you learn new things. You have to read instructions. You look at websites, magazines and books to get more information about your hobby. More reading makes you a better reader and a better learner.
They Help You Be Creative
For many hobbies, such as building model cars and making pottery, you have to use your brain as well as your hands. We learn by doing things and by touching things. These kinds of activities make people more creative.
They Help You Be Relaxed
Having a hobby makes you feel good. Scientists say, “When you make something, the ‘feel-good’ part of your brain gets a message. It makes you feel happy. “ When we feel happy, we have less stress. Too much stress can make people sick.
They Help You Build Skills
People with hobbies leam how to set goals and solve problems. Learning these skills when you are young can help you when you grow up. For some kids, having a hobby can be the first step to finding a satisfying job in the future.
1. According to the text, in how many ways can hobbies help kids?
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
2. For which hobby do you have to use your brain and your hands?
A. Watching cartoons. B. Reading novels.
C. Building model cars. D. Listening to music.
3. What influence does too much stress have on people?
A. It makes them feel sick. B. It helps them succeed.
C. It’s good for their health. D. It brings luck to them.
4. If kids have hobbies, they may ________ when they grow up.
A. have more opinions B. find better jobs
C. face more problems D. make more friends
5. What is the text mainly about?
A. The meaning of life. B. The ways of developing hobbies.
C. The importance of learning. D. The advantages of hobbies for kids.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，给出关于爱好的方法和建议。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“They Help You Learn...They Help You Be Creative...They Help You Be Relaxed...They Help You Build Skills”可知，文章提到兴趣爱好可以在四个方面帮助孩子，故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“For many hobbies, such as building model cars and making pottery, you have to use your brain as well as your hands.”可知，对于许多爱好，如制作汽车模型和制作陶器，你必须使用你的大脑和你的手。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Too much stress can make people sick.”可知，压力太大会让人生病，故选A。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Scientists say that hobbies can make kids smarter, healthier and even more successful when they grow up.”和“For some kids, having a hobby can be the first step to finding a satisfying job in the future.”可知，爱好可以让孩子长大后更聪明、更健康，甚至更成功，对于一些孩子来说，有一个爱好可以是未来找到一份满意工作的第一步。所以如果孩子们有爱好，他们长大后可能会找到更好的工作。故选B。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要给出爱好对于孩子们的好处，故选D。
B
Students’ Summer Jobs
Camp Counselor(辅导员)
We are looking for people to join us as a camp counselor at Yingfei Outdoor School. We connect children to science through nature. Our camp counselors are active and helpful, and more importantly, caring team members. This is an eight-hour everyday job in the ten-day-long programme during the summer.
Hours: 9:30 am-5:30pm Pay: $10 per hour
LEGO Engineering Instructor
Do you enjoy taking things apart and then putting them back together? If so, then this may be your dream job! We are looking for smart and creative LEGO engineering instructors.
Hours: 3:00 am-5:00 pm Pay: $15 per hour
Teacher’s Assistant
We are looking for part-time teacher’s assistants for our International Kids Preschool in Ningxia. Teacher’s assistants need to prepare materials, help children finish activities and create a safe environment.
Hours: 8:00 am-11:00 am Pay: $100 per week
Summer Care Giver
I’m looking for someone careful and patient to watch my children when I’m working from 11:00 am to 3:00 pm. I have a 6-year-old daughter, and a 4-year-old son. I am also asking you to prepare snacks and clean up the rooms.
Pay: $150 per week

6. How much can a camp counselor make in total?
A. $80. B. $100. C. $150. D. $800.
7. To be a LEGO engineering instructor, one has to be ________.
A. caring B. creative C. active D. patient
8. What does a teacher’s assistant need to do?
A. Prepare snacks for children. B. Teach children science.
C. Play LEGO with children. D. Help children do activities.
9. What summer job can Daming apply for if he is free from 10:00 am to 4:00 pm?
A. Teacher’s assistant. B. Summer care giver.
C. Camp counselor. D. LEGO engineering instructor.
10. Where can you probably find this text?
A. In a dictionary. B. On a website. C. In a guidebook. D. In a picture book.
【答案】6. D 7. B 8. D 9. B 10. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为四则关于学生暑假工作的招聘广告。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一则广告“This is an eight-hour everyday job in the ten-day-long program during the summer”和“Pay: $10 per hour”可知，夏令营辅导员，每小时10美元，每天工作8小时，一共10天，因此可以挣10×8×10=800美元，故选D。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二则广告“We are looking for smart and creative LEGO engineering instructors”可知，要想成为一个乐高工程教员，需要聪明和有创造力，故选B。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三则广告“Teacher’s aides need to prepare materials, help children finish activities and create a safe environment”可知，老师的助手需要准备材料，帮助孩子完成活动，创造一个安全的环境。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四则广告“I’m looking for someone careful and patient to watch my kids when I’m working from 11:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m.”可知，如果Jerry上午10点到下午4点有空，他可以申请夏季关爱者，故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据标题“Kids’ Summer Jobs”可知，本文是学生暑假工作招聘广告，因此可能在网站上看到本文，故选B。
C

Buying second-hand products is becoming more popular these days. One million people are selling over 2 million second-hand products from clothing and books to electronic products on Xianyu every day.
People have made more money in recent years and bought more things than they really need, according to a speech given by Wei Ying, founder of the second-hand book-trading site. As more people turn to a minimal lifestyle, they are selling their used products for cheap. Shoppers are attracted to the low prices, as well as the fact that buying second-hand is good for the environment.
When Chen Junjun, 22, a college student in Shanghai, wants to buy books, she uses Xianyu. She searches for the books she wants and adds(添加) them to her shopping cart, just like Taobao. The difference is that the books are much cheaper—as much as 70% cheaper than new books. “Since I don’t have enough spending money, it’s a perfect choice for me,” Chen said.
Lots of people like Chen are buying second-hand books. Xianyu has over 3 million users and sells about 20,000 second-hand books every day, Beijing Daily reported.
Besides lower prices, people can also find out-of-print books. Yan Minjun, 21, is a reader. She has bought many classic versions of books on Xianyu, such as a copy of Pride and Prejudice that was published by People’s Literature Publishing House in 1993. “I looked for it for a long time. Now I have it!” she said.
Buying old books can even connect readers. Zhao Kaiqi, a 22-year-old college student in Harbin, Heilongjiang, once found a note in a second-hand book she bought. “Its owner shared her thoughts and hoped I would enjoy it. It was so good,” Zhao said. “I want to do the same thing in the future, too.”
11. What can you buy on the second-hand site?
A. A camera. B. Fresh fruit. C. A train ticket. D. Medicine.
12. Which of the following word has the same meaning as the underlined word “minimal”?
A. wasteful B. simple C. poor D. rich
13. What is making second-hand shopping popular?
①New experience. ②Safer shopping choices. ③Lower prices. ④Environmental benefits(效益).
A. ①② B. ②③ C. ①④ D. ③④
14. If you want to sell a book of ¥30 on the second-hand site, the price should be ________.
A. ¥10 B. ¥21 C. ¥4 D. ¥30
15. What’s the main idea of the story?
A. Second-hand shopping sites are new.
B. There are disadvantages to buying used items.
C. Using second-hand things can protect the environment.
D. Buying second-hand things is becoming more popular.
【答案】11. A 12. B 13. D 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，本文以二手书为例，介绍了现在二手商品交易越来越受欢迎。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“One million people are selling over 2 million second-hand products from clothing and books to electronic products on Xianyu every day.”可知，在闲鱼上出售二手商品，有服装、书籍和电子产品。由此推知在二手网站能买到相机，买不到新鲜水果、火车票和药品。故选A。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。wasteful浪费的；simple简单的；poor穷的；rich有钱的。根据“they are selling their used products for cheap.”可知，他们正在以低廉的价格出售二手产品。由此可知，越来越多的人转向简单的生活方式。minimal的意思与simple相同，故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Shoppers are attracted to the low prices, as well as the fact that buying second-hand is good for the environment.”可知，购物者被低廉的价格以及购买二手商品对环境有益的事实所吸引。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The difference is that the books are much cheaper—as much as 70% cheaper than new books.”可知这些书要比新书便宜70%，所以30元的书在二手网站的出售价格约为10元。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通过全文可知，本文以二手书为例，介绍了现在二手商品交易越来越受欢迎。故选D。
D

Kite flying is a sport of sending kites up into the air by means of the wind, a light frame covered with paper, plastic or cloth.
People have been making and flying kites for about 2,000 years. But no one knows exactly when or how the first kite was made. In 478 BC, a Chinese philosopher, Mo Zi, spent three years making a wooden bird. Later, Lu Ban began to use bamboo to make kites. Another record of kite flying was in about 200 BC when the Chinese General Han Xin flew a kite with a flute tied to it. The flute made some sounds along with the Chu song as the kite rose into the air, which crashed the morale(士气) of the enemy quickly. The ancient Chinese also used bird kites—usually made of the traditional silk—to carry ropes（绳子） across rivers and valleys（山谷）.
In the 13th century, Marco Polo wrote about how the shipping businessmen flew the huge kite in the wind before the ship set sail. They predicted(预测) the voyage (航行) in this way. If the kite went high and straight, it meant a quick and successful voyage; but if it did not fly well, it was a bad omen(预兆).
Kites have also been used in scientific fields in the western world. In 1752, Benjamin Franklin tied a key to a kite and flew it in a storm to find out that lighting was a form of electricity. In the 1890s, Lawrence Hargrave invented the box kite to test ideas about flight. From 1898 to 1933, the National Weather Service used box kites to collect weather data. The Wright Brothers also experimented with kites. What they learned helped them make the first airplane in 1903.
Today, most people fly kites as a hobby. Kite festivals are organized in many cities in all parts of the world.
16. Which of the following was NOT used to make kites in ancient times?
A. Wood. B. Bamboo. C. Plastic. D. Silk.
17. From Paragraph 2, we can know that ________.
A. the first kite was created by Mo Zi
B. no one really knows who invented the first kite first
C. Han Xin was the first one to record kite flying
D. the ancient Chinese once made kites out of birds
18. Why did the shipping businessmen fly a huge kite in the wind before the ship set sail?
A. To cut down wind resistance.
B. To predict whether they would succeed in their voyage.
C. To define wind speed during their voyage.
D. To make sure their sailing would be smooth.
19. What can we learn from the passage?
A. The United States Weather Bureau used box kites to predict the weather.
B. Benjamin Franklin invented electricity with the aid of a kite.
C. The first airplane was inspired by box kites to some degree.
D. Kites have promoted the development of scientific research.
20. The passage is mainly about ________.
A. the invention of kites B. different forms of kites
C. the history of kites D. some latest records about kites
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. B 19. D 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要描述了风筝在不同历史时期分别有哪些不同的作用等等。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据“In 478 BC, a Chinese philosopher, Mo Zi, spent three years making a wooden bird. Later, Lu Ban began to use bamboo to make kites.”和“The ancient Chinese also used bird kites—usually made of the traditional silk—to carry ropes（绳子） across rivers and valleys（山谷）.”可知除了塑料，都是古代制作风筝的材料，故选C。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据“But no one knows exactly when or how the first kite was made.”可知没有人真正知道谁首先发明了第一只风筝。故选B。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据“They predicted(预测) the voyage (航行) in this way. If the kite went high and straight, it meant a quick and successful voyage; but if it did not fly well, it was a bad omen(预兆).”可知他们是为了预测他们的航行是否会成功。故选B。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Kites have also been used in scientific fields in the western world. In 1752, Benjamin Franklin tied a key to a kite and flew it in a storm to find out that lighting was a form of electricity. In the 1890s, Lawrence Hargrave invented the box kite to test ideas about flight.”可知风筝促进了科学研究发展。故选D。
【20题详解】
主旨大意题。文章主要描述了风筝在不同历史时期分别有哪些不同的作用，故选C。
三．短文还原(共5空，每空2分，计10分)
阅读短文，从短文下面的六个句子中选择五个还原到短文中，使短文通顺完整、衔接自然。

We do eye exercises. We wear sunglasses. We do lots of things to protect our eyes. ____21____.
Ears help us hear the world. But many things, like loud noises and sudden noises, can make your hearing lost. ____22____. So how can we protect our ears? Let’s take a look together.
Dry your ears with a towel (毛巾) after swimming or taking a bath. If you feel water in your ear, shake your head a little bit._____23_____.
Usually, our ears clean themselves. The earwax (耳垢) builds up, dries out, and then comes out of the ear along with some dirt. Don’t clean your ears with anything sharp (尖的), or it can make the earwax go too deep into your ears and hurt them. _____24_____.
Don’t listen to loud music on your headphones (耳机) for a long time. Follow the “60 Rule”: listen to music at 60 percent of your headphone’s maximum volume (最大音量) for no more than 60 minutes a day. _____25_____. They do a better job of stopping outside noises so you can listen at a lower volume.
A. This can help you get the water out of your ear
B. Once this happens, it’s hard to get your hearing back
C. But if your ears start to hurt, you can go to a doctor for help
D. Over-the-ear (头戴式) headphones are better than in-ear ones
E. However, we usually forget another important part of our body—the ears
F. Use headphones in the right way
【答案】21. E 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. D
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍如何保护耳朵。
【21题详解】
根据后文都是介绍耳朵如何保护的，所以横线上应是提到耳朵如何保护。选项E“然而，我们经常忘记我们身体的另一个重要的部分——耳朵。”符合语境。故选E。
【22题详解】
根据前文“But many things, like loud noises and sudden noises, can make your hearing lost.”可知，大的噪音和突然的声音能使听力丧失，选项B“一旦这个发生，是很难使你的听力恢复”符合语境。故选B。
【23题详解】
根据前文“If you feel water in your ear, shake your head a little bit.”可知，描述耳朵进水的情况，要轻微晃动你的头。所以选项A“这能帮助你使水从你耳朵里出来”符合语境。故选A。
【24题详解】
根据前文“Don’t clean your ears with anything sharp (尖的), or it can make the earwax go too deep into your ears and hurt them.”可知，不要用尖的东西挖耳朵，会受伤。选项C“但是如果你的耳朵开始疼，你可以向医生寻求帮助”符合语境。故选C。
【25题详解】
根据“Don’t listen to loud music on your headphones (耳机) for a long time.”可知，说的是头戴耳机。及后文“They do a better job of stopping outside noises so you can listen at a lower volume.”可知，头戴式耳机有效的阻止外界噪声，选项D“头戴式耳机比入耳式耳机更好”符合语境。故选D。
四、综合填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，计30分）
A
阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容从下面方框内所给11个词中选择10个意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化，填入空白处，每空一词。
when, surprise, like, pain, trouble, everything, common, that, you, brave, hard

People usually eat fruits such as apples, pears and bananas. Strawberries look very nice, but a light pressure can make them out of shape. Nowadays, there are many young people who are just ___26___ strawberries. They easily break down when they face difficulties. They don’t know what to do when they are in ___27___. They have a(n) ___28___ name—strawberry kids.
Why are many students so easy to break down? Parents and schools are a main reason. Parents do almost ___29___ for them in their daily life, while schools care more about their grades instead of developing their personality.
Liu Yue is now 13 years old and he is from Fujian. His mom ___30___ criticizes (批评) him and he always feels good about himself in daily life. When a teacher criticized him heavily, he was ___31___ and felt sad. He began to doubt his ability. And little by little, he hardly had confidence to face the trouble in his study and life.
Students should do something to make themselves mentally (精神上) strong. An expert said, “___32___ you are in trouble, don’t ask for help right away. You should try to deal with problems first by ___33___. I also advise you to take an active part in sports and social activities. That can make you mentally strong.”
Growing up is not just a happy process. ___34___ also go along with it. The most important thing is to face the pains ____35____ and learn from them.
【答案】26. like
27. trouble
28. common 29. everything
30. hardly 31. surprised
32. when 33. yourself
34. Pains 35. bravely
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了像草莓一样脆弱的孩子遇到困难就崩溃退缩，父母和学校是造成草莓孩子的主要原因，所以作者建议要对草莓孩子们说不，正如一位专家所说，要让学生们学会自己面对困难，处理问题，通过多参加运动和社会活动来使学生们精神强大。
【26题详解】
句意：现在，有很多年轻人就像草莓一样。根据“there are many young people who are just ... strawberries.”和备选词汇可知，很多年轻人像草莓一样，like“像”符合语境，故填like。
【27题详解】
句意：他们处于困境时不知道该怎么办。根据“They easily break down when they face difficulties.”可知，他们面对困难时很容易崩溃。所以他们处于困境时不知道该怎么办，trouble“麻烦”符合语境，in trouble“处于困境”。故填trouble。
【28题详解】
句意：他们有一个共同的名字——草莓孩子。根据“Nowadays, there are many young people who are just”可知，有很多年轻人就像草莓一样。所以他们有共同的名字，common“共同的”符合语境。故填common。
【29题详解】
句意：父母在日常生活中几乎为他们做了一切，而学校更关心他们的成绩，而不是发展他们的个性。根据“Parents do almost ... for them in their daily life”和备选词汇可知，父母在日常生活中几乎为他们做了一切，everything“一切”符合语境，故填everything。
【30题详解】
句意：他的妈妈几乎不批评他，他在日常生活中总是自我感觉良好。根据“he always feels good about himself in daily life”可知，他总是自我感觉良好，由此可知他妈妈几乎不批评他。hard“艰难的”，hardly“几乎不”。故填hardly。
【31题详解】
句意：当老师严厉批评他时，他既惊讶又难过。根据“His mom ... criticizes him and he always feels good about himself in daily life.”可知，他的妈妈几乎不批评他，他在日常生活中总是自我感觉良好，所以被老师批评，他很惊讶。surprise“使惊讶”，动词；surprised“惊讶的”，形容词，be动词后加形容词。故填surprised。
【32题详解】
句意：当你遇到麻烦时，不要马上寻求帮助。根据“... you are in trouble, don’t ask for help right away.”和备选词汇可知，当遇到麻烦时，不要马上寻求帮助，when“当……时”符合语境。故填when。
【33题详解】
句意：你应该先自己解决问题。by oneself“独自”，主语是you“你”，对应反身代词是yourself。故填yourself。
【34题详解】
句意：痛苦也伴随着成长。根据“face the pains ... and learn from them.”可知，要面对痛苦，从中学习，所以是痛苦伴随着成长。由go可知，主语是复数，且句首字母需大写。故填Pains。
【35题详解】
句意：最重要的是勇敢面对痛苦并从中学习。根据“face the pains ...”可知，要勇敢面对痛苦。用副词修饰动词face，brave“勇敢的”是形容词，bravely“勇敢地”是副词。故填bravely。
B
阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容从下面方框内所给11个词中选择10个意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化（可添加情态动词或者助动词），填入空白处。
see, travel, pay, get, be, mention, like, sit, explain, take, turn
My pen friend is Allison. She is a lovely Australian girl with big blue eyes. Like me, Allison ____36____ singing and dancing, and we both love travelling to different places for our holidays.
Do you want to know how our friendship started? By ____37____! Three years ago, I ____38____ a visit to my uncle’s home in Sydney. One Saturday my cousin and I went to the Blue Mountains Scenic World and I met Allison on the bus. She ____39____ just next to me. At first, we were both a bit shy. We sat silently all the way until we ____40____ near the foot of mountains. I was surprised by the amazing views and opened the window so that I ____41____ photos. That’s when Allison ____42____ to me and said, “It’s beautiful, isn’t?” Then she began ____43____ why the mountains looked blue.
For the rest of the day, we travelled together. We saw many koalas and were happy ____44____ that they were protected well in the forest. What a great experience! Back home, I started writing to Allison and we ____45____ friends ever since.
【答案】36. likes
37. travelling
38 paid 39. was sitting
40. got 41. could take
42. turned 43. to explain
44. to see 45. have been
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者和艾莉森如何相识成为朋友的故事。
【36题详解】
句意：和我一样，艾莉森喜欢唱歌和跳舞，我们都喜欢去不同的地方度假。根据“singing and dancing”可知为兴趣爱好，空处填like“喜欢”符合语境，此处时态是一般现在时，主语“Allison”为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填likes。
【37题详解】
句意：通过旅行！根据后文“Three years ago, I…a visit to my uncle’s home in Sydney. One Saturday my cousin and I went to the Blue Mountains Scenic World and I met Allison on the bus.”可知，作者去旅行时与艾莉森相识，此处填travel“旅行”符合语境，放在“by”后用动名词。故填travelling。
【38题详解】
句意：三年前，我去了我叔叔在悉尼的家。根据“…a visit to my uncle’s”可知考查短语pay a visit“拜访”，此处讲的是三年前的事情，所以用一般过去时，pay的过去式为paid。故填paid。
【39题详解】
句意：她就坐在我旁边。根据“I met Allison on the bus”及“next to me”可知，艾莉森当时坐在作者的旁边，此处用过去进行时，主语为“she”，谓语动词用was，sit的现在分词为sitting。故填was sitting。
【40题详解】
句意：我们一直静静地坐着，直到接近山脚。根据“we…near the foot of mountains”可知空处应填动词，结合备选词可填get，get near“靠近”符合语境，此处描述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。故填got。
【41题详解】
句意：我被这些令人惊叹的景色惊呆了，打开窗户就可以拍照了。根据“I was surprised by the amazing views and opened the window so that I…photos.”可知此处是目的状语从句，指的是打开窗户就可以拍照，情态动词can“可以”，动词短语take photos“拍照”，此处描述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。故填could take。
【42题详解】
句意：就在这时，艾莉森转向我说：“它很漂亮，不是吗？”根据“That’s when Allison…to me and said”及备选词可知，此处考查turn to“转向”，指的是艾莉森转向作者，与作者讲话。此处描述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。故填turned。
【43题详解】
句意：然后她开始解释为什么山看起来是蓝色的。根据“…why the mountains looked blue.”可知此处应填explain“解释”，由begin to do sth“开始做某事”可知空处应填动词不定式，故填to explain。
【44题详解】
句意：我们看到了许多考拉，很高兴看到它们在森林里得到了很好的保护。根据“We saw many koalas and were happy…that…”可知考查短语be happy to do sth“很开心做某事”，空处应填动词不定式；结合备选词可填see“看见”，指的是看见考拉得到很好的保护，故填to see。
【45题详解】
句意：回到家里，我开始给艾莉森写信，从那以后我们一直是朋友。根据“Back home, I started writing to Allison…”及备选词可知，作者开始给艾莉森写信，所以他们成为了朋友；由“ever since”可知此处用现在完成时，主语为“we”，谓语动词用have。故填have been。
五．阅读表达 (共5小题，每小题2分，计10分)
阅读短文，根据题目要求完成各小题。

Firefighting(消防) is an important job to keep people safe and help stop fires from damaging(毁坏) too much property(财产).
There are many important parts to be a firefighter. First of all, firefighters have to be strong enough to do their work, so they need to have physical training, such as carrying heavy objects(物体), going up many stairs, and working for a long time. Firefighters also have to know the latest skills in fighting fires, so they need to go through regular training to keep themselves and others safe. Anyway, the most important part of being a firefighter is to work as a team. They have to work together to stop fires!
Firefighting is very stressful. Firefighters never know when a fire or other emergency(紧急情况) is going to happen, so they have to be ready at all times. Even in the middle of the night, firefighters have to be able to wake up quickly when the alarm(警报) goes off.
Firefighters don’t just fight fires. They also help people who are in accidents. For example, they use their special tools to help get people out of the cars if they’re stuck(卡住). In some places, firefighters also have to be prepared to help people who are sick or injured(受伤). These firefighters might be trained as nursing staff.
Firefighters are always there to help us whenever there’s an emergency. Firefighting is not easy, but if you like helping people, it might be a good job for you!
46. How many parts are there to be a firefighter?
_________________________________________________________________
47. What is the most important part of being a firefighter?
_________________________________________________________________
48. List one thing which firefighters do besides fighting fires.
_________________________________________________________________
49. Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.
_________________________________________________________________
50. Give a proper title to the passage.
_________________________________________________________________
【答案】46. Three.
47. To work as a team.
48. They help people who are in accidents./They help people who are sick or injured.
49. 即使在半夜，消防员必须能够在警报响起时迅速醒来。
50. Firefighters
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了消防员的重要部分、消防员工作的范围及内容。
【46题详解】
根据第二段“There are many important parts to be a firefighter. First of all, firefighters have to ... Firefighters also have to ... the most important part of being a firefighter is to ...”可知，作为消防员共有3个重要部分。故填Three.
【47题详解】
根据第二段“the most important part of being a firefighter is to work as a team.”可知，作为一名消防员，最重要的部分就是团队合作。故填To work as a team.
【48题详解】
根据第四段“Firefighters don’t just fight fires. They also help people who are in accidents.”和“In some places, firefighters also have to be prepared to help people who are sick or injured.”可知，在灭火之外，消防员还帮助那些在事故中的人，帮助生病或受伤的人。故填They help people who are in accidents./They help people who are sick or injured.
【49题详解】
Even“即使”，in the middle of“在……中间”，night“夜里”；firefighters“消防员”，have to“不得不”，be able to“能够”，wake up“醒来”，quickly“快速地”；when“当……时”，alarm“警报”，go off“响起”。故填：即使在半夜，消防员必须能够在警报响起时迅速醒来。
【50题详解】
通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了消防员工作的相关信息，包括作为消防员的重要部分、消防员工作的范围及内容等。所以文章的标题可为“Firefighters”。故填Firefighters。
六．书面表达。（满分20分）
51. 初二的你，入团了吗？中国共产主义青年团已经走过了百年历程。作为新时代青年中的一员，未来属于我们，希望寄予我们，奋斗的青春更美丽。请以How to make myself better为题，谈谈你塑造更好自己的做法及意义。除提示内容外，请你补充至少一点。

make myself better

healthy lifestyle
eat healthily, do more exercise
good qualities
polite, feel sure of oneself
improve myself
take part in activities, develop hobbies
…
…
参考词汇：lifestyle n. 生活方式 qualities n. 品质
写作要求：
1.意思连贯，表达准确，书写规范，可适当发挥；
2.文中不能出现任何真实的人名、校名及所在地等信息；
3.词数80-100词，文章的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
How to make myself better
As a teenager, I think I will try my best to make myself better.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文

How to make myself better
As a teenager, I think I will try my best to make myself better.
First of all, it’s important to have a healthy lifestyle. I will eat healthily and do more exercise every day in order to keep healthy. What’s more, having good qualities is important as well. I should be polite to other people. And I think it’s necessary for me to feel very sure of myself because it can bring me success and pleasure. Besides, improve myself as possible as I can. I will take part in more activities and develop different hobbies. It can make me grow as a person and help me learn new skills. Last but not least, working hard is the most important thing for me. I will form good study habits and make good use of my time to study. What I do can develop myself fully.
By doing this, I will make myself better and better.
【解析】
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇说明文，为材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏，适当增加细节完整表述内容。
[写作步骤]
第一步，点明主旨，会尽最大的努力让自己更好；
第二步，介绍如何让自己变得更好；
第三步，总结概括
[亮点词汇]
①in order to为了
②as well也
③be polite to对……礼貌
④take part in参加
⑤make good use of充分利用
[高分句型]
①As a teenager, I think I will try my best to make myself better.（宾语从句）
②What’s more, having good qualities is important as well.（动名词作主语）