专题03.Unit 2 Exploring English --Starting out & Understanding ideas单词，课文预习-初升高英语无忧衔接（通用版）（外研版必修第一册）

Unit 2　Exploring English --Starting out & Understanding ideas

单词，课文预习

一．词汇预先知

一、单词——记其形

1.title n.题目，标题

2.ham n.  火腿

3.unique adj.  独一无二的，独特的

二、单词——知其意

1.eggplant n.  茄子

2.pine n.  松树

3.pineapple n.  菠萝

4.seasick adj.  晕船的

5.airsick adj.  晕机的

6.carsick adj.  晕车的

7.homesick adj.  想家的

8.capitalized adj.  大写的

三、拓展单词——通其变

1.sculpt v.雕刻，雕塑→sculpture n.雕像，雕刻品，雕塑作品

2.opposing adj.(观点、意见等)相反的，相对立的→oppose v.反对

3.behavior n.举止，行为→behave v.举止

4.confusing adj.令人困惑的→confuse v.使……困惑→confused adj.困惑的→confusion n.困惑

5.alarm n.警报器，闹钟→alarmed adj.警觉的

6.reflect v.显示，反映→reflection n.显示，反映

7.creative adj.创造(性)的→ creativity n.创造性，创造力→create v.创造

8.visible adj.看得见的，可见的→invisible adj.看不见的

Ⅱ.核心短语

1.have trouble (in) doing sth　　做某事有困难

2.for example  例如

3.in one’s free time  在某人的空闲时间

4.speak of  说到，谈及

5.burn up/down  烧毁，烧尽

6.fill in/out   填写

7.go off   (警报器)发出响声

8.wind up   给(机械)上发条；使(活动、会议等)结束

二．课文精研读

原文呈现

Neither Pine nor Apple in Pineapple

1 Have you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble learning① English? I hadn’t，until one day my five-year-old son asked me whether there was ham② in a hamburger【1】.There isn’t.This made me realize that there’s no egg in eggplant③ either.Neither is there pine④ nor apple in pineapple⑤【2】.This got me thinking how English can be a crazy language to learn【3】.

【1】整个句子是“not...until...”句式。“I hadn’t”是“I hadn’t asked myself”的省略形式，until引导时间状语从句。在该时间状语从句中，whether引导的从句作asked的直接宾语，whether在此意为“是否”。

【2】“neither...nor...”是并列连词，意为“既不……也不……”；此处否定词Neither 位于句首，故句子用部分倒装结构。

【3】句中how引导的从句作thinking的宾语。句中“got me thinking”是“get＋宾语＋宾补”结构，此处用现在分词thinking作宾补。

2 For example，in our free time we can sculpt⑥ a sculpture and paint a painting，but we take a photo.And when we are traveling we say that we are in the car or the taxi，but on the train or bus！While we’re doing all this traveling，we can get seasick⑦at sea，airsick in the air and carsick in a car，but we don’t get homesick when we get back home. And speaking of⑧ home，why aren’t homework and housework the same thing?

3 If “hard” is the opposite⑨ of “soft”， why are “hardly” and “softly” not an opposing pair? If harmless⑩ actions are the opposite of harmful actions，why are shameless⑪ and shameful behaviors⑫ the same?

4 When we look out of the window and see rain or snow，we can say “it’s raining” or “it’s snowing”.But when we see sunshine，we can’t say “it’s sunshining”.

5 Even the smallest words can be confusing⑬.When you see the capitalized⑭ “WHO” in a medical report，do you read it as the “who” in “Who’s that？”【4】What about “IT” and “US”？

6 You also have to wonder⑮ at the unique⑯ madness⑰ of a language in which a house can burn up⑱ as it burns down，in which you fill in⑲ a form by filling it out，and in which an alarm⑳ is only heard once it goes off!

【4】When引导时间状语从句。capitalized在从句中作定语，修饰“WHO”。

7 English was invented by people，not computers，and it reflects the creativity of the human race.That is why when the stars are out，they are visible，but when the lights are out，they are invisible【5】.And that is why when I wind up my watch，it starts，but when I wind up this passage，it ends.

【5】本句为由并列连词but引导的并列复合句，第一个分句中，That is why...意为“这就是……的原因”，为固定句型。此句型中why引导的是表语从句；第二个分句中，when引导时间状语从句。

Step Ⅳ　Post-reading—Please fill in the following blanks after reading the passage.

Have you ever asked 1.yourself (you) why people often have trouble 2.learning (learn) English? I hadn’t，until one day my five-year-old son asked me 3.whether there was ham in a hamburger or not.This got me thinking how English can be a crazy language 4.to__learn (learn).

Even the smallest of words can be 5.confusing (confuse).You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in 6.which a house can burn up as it burns down，and in which an alarm 7.is__heard (hear) once it goes off!

English 8.was__invented (invent) by people，not computers，and it reflects the creativity of the human race.That is why when the stars are out，they are visible，but when the 9.lights (light) are out，they are invisible.And that is why when I wind up my watch，it starts，10.but when I wind up this passage，it ends.

三．随堂精训练

【基 础 练】

一.根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式

1.At one time French people banned borrowed words from English in order to keep their language pure and unique (独一无二的).

2.We were having dinner together when the fire alarm (警报器) suddenly went off.

3.Who knows the title (标题) of this text? Hands up!

4.Molly was interested in English and American culture，so her stories mainly reflect (反映) the British and American life.

5.The students began to feel  homesick (想家的) after they had been here for a month.

6.My former job was so boring.I wish I could do something more creative (create) in my new job.

7.He used many terms in his speech which sounded confusing__(confuse) to the audience.

8.The mountains are  invisible (visible) because of the clouds.

9.The young couple didn’t feel ashamed about their children’s shameless behaviors (behave).

10.He had the opposing (oppose) view and felt that the war was immoral.

二.单句语法填空

1.Alarmed (alarm) by the noise，the birds flew away.

2.To avoid confusion (confuse), please write the children’s names clearly on all their school clothes.

3.Panda, an interesting and charming creature, is unique to China.

4.He had time to reflect on his successes and failures.

5.Using a telescope，Galileo discovered stars that were invisible to the naked eye.

6.All people present are opposed (oppose) to the project for the reason that it will cause much pollution.

7.My mother often reminds me to behave  myself (me)in formal occasions and not to make a fool of myself.

8.On seeing this wonderful  sculpture (sculpt)，everyone present let out a cry of surprise.

三.选词填空

speak of，go off，for example，burn up，look out of，what about，have trouble in，fill in，wind up，in one’s free time

1.Sorry, I’m busy right now.I am filling in an application form for a new job.

2.I have trouble in persuading him to give up smoking.

3.If there is a failure of something, for example,a machine or part of the body, it goes wrong and stops working.

4.The gun  went off and the bullet went flying over his head.

5.I like reading and listening to music  in my free time.

6.What about going out for a walk after supper?

7.Put some more wood on the fire to make it burn up.

8.I can  look out of the kitchen window while doing the dishes and see the flowers.

9.You will wind up in hospital if you drive so fast.

10.Speaking of bicycle，some people think it has outdated in many big cities.

四.完成句子

1.My duty is to get the four of us studying the subject.

我的责任是让我们四个人研究这个主题。

2.I’m very busy now; that is why I wouldn’t like to go out.

现在我很忙，那就是我不想出去的原因。

3.“According to my research, neither your restaurant nor mine offers a balanced diet，” explained Wang Peng.

王鹏解释道：“根据我的研究，你我两家的餐馆都不提供均衡的膳食。”

4.I’m not quite sure  whether you are right.

我不太确定你是否正确。

5.It can be painful to leave the house  in which you grew up.

离开你成长的房子是件痛苦的事。

五.语法填空

Keeping a diary in English is one of the effective ways 1.____________ (improve) our English writing ability.Compared with other forms of writing，it is shorter and 2.____________ (take)less time.It can help us to develop the habit of thinking in English.3.____________ we keep practicing，gradually we’ll learn how to express ourselves in English.In keeping a diary in English，we 4.____________ (certain) run up against many 5.____________ (difficult).In the first place，6.____________ often happens that we have trouble 7.____________ (find) suitable words and phrases to give expression to our mind.Secondly，there are many idiomatic ways of saying things in Chinese.And it is extremely hard for us to put them into English properly.

As far as I am concerned，my 8.____________ (suggest) is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English dictionary within easy reach.Whenever something beats us，we can first put it down in our notebook and then look it up in our dictionary.We can also turn 9.____________ our English teacher for help，if necessary.In short，I believe that it is of great use to keep a diary in English for 10.____________ development of our writing skills.

【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。这篇文章介绍了用英语记日记的好处，会遇到哪些困难，并给出建议。

1.to improve　[考查动词不定式。句意：用英语记日记是提高英语写作能力的有效方法之一。此处是动词不定式作后置定语，故答案为to improve。]

2.takes　[考查时态。句意：与其他写作形式相比，它更短，更省时。句子用一般现在时态，主语是it，单数第三人称，故答案为takes。]

3.If　[考查状语从句。句意：如果我们不断练习，我们会逐渐学会如何用英语表达自己。此处是if引导的条件状语从句，故答案为If。]

4.certainly　[考查副词。句意：用英语记日记，我们肯定会遇到很多困难。副词修饰动词，故答案为certainly。]

5.difficulties　[考查名词复数。用many修饰名词，此处difficulty为可数。故答案为difficulties。]

6.it　[考查代词。句意：首先，经常发生的是，我们很难找到合适的词和短语来表达我们的思想。It happens that...，此处it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。故答案为it。]

7.finding　[考查固定搭配。have trouble (in)doing sth“在做某事上有困难”。故答案为finding。]

8.suggestion　[考查名词。句意：就我而言，我的建议是我们应该总是有一个笔记本和一本汉英词典在身边。形容词性物主代词my修饰名词，故答案为suggestion。]

9.to　[考查固定搭配。句意：如果有必要，我们也可以向英语老师求助。turn to sb for help向某人求助，故答案为to。]

10.the　[考查定冠词。句意：总之，我认为用英语记日记对提高我们的写作技巧是很有用的。此处特指“写作技能的发展”，故答案为the。]