专题05.Unit 3 Getting along with others--Welcome to the unit & Reading单词，课文预习-初升高英语无忧衔接（通用版）（译林版必修第一册）

Unit 3　Getting along with others --Welcome to the unit & Reading

单词，课文预习

一．词汇预先知

一、词汇——知其意

1．awkward adj.　局促不安的；笨拙的；令人尴尬的；难对付的

2．medium n．(pl.media)  传播信息的媒介，方法；手段，工具adj.  中等的，中号的

3．horrible adj.  令人震惊的；可恶的；极坏的

4．café n.  咖啡馆，小餐馆

5．trick vt.  欺骗，欺诈n.  诡计，花招；戏法

二、词汇——记其形

1．sight n.  视野；视力；看见

2．chat vi.& n.  聊天，闲聊

3．judge vt.& vi.  评价，(尤指)批评；判断，认为n.  法官；裁判员

4．case n.  具体情况，事例；案件；容器

5．definitely adv.  肯定，确实；确切地

6．misunderstand vt.& vi.  误解，误会

7．contact vt.& n.  联系，联络

8．generous adj.  宽宏大量的，仁慈的；慷慨的

三、词汇——通其变

1．original adj.起初的；独创的；原作的→origin n．起源→originally adv.起初；原来

2．recover vi.恢复健康；恢复常态 vt.全额收回；寻回；重新获得；恢复，重新控制→recovery n．恢复健康；恢复

3．respond vi.& vt.回答，回应；作出反应，响应→response n．回复；反应，响应

4．loss n．失去，丧失；亏损；去世；损失→lose vt.丢失；失去

5．apologize vi.道歉，谢罪→apology n．道歉，致歉

6．behaviour n．行为，举止，态度→behave vi.行为；表现

7．frank adj.坦率的，直率的→frankly adv.坦率地

8．ignore vt.忽视，对……不予理会→ignorant adj.无知的→ignorance n．无知

9．suffer vi.受苦，受折磨；变差 vt.遭受，蒙受→suffering n．(肉体或精神上的)痛苦；苦难

10．explode vi.(愤怒等感情)爆发，迸发；爆炸 vt.使爆炸→explosion n．爆炸；爆发

Ⅱ.核心短语

1．on the rocks  (关系) 陷于困境，濒临崩溃

2．out of one’s sight  脱离某人的视线

3．social media  社交媒体

4．make it  能够出席；准时到达；获得成功

5．at a loss  不知所措，困惑

6．in the wrong  有错，应承担责任

7．in any case  无论如何， 不管怎样

8．let go of  放弃，摒弃；松手，放开

9．turn to...for...  为……向某人求助

10．hang out  挂出；闲逛

11．pick up  捡起；获得；收拾

12．chat with  和……聊天

13．have fun with  玩得高兴，玩得开心

14．feel like  想(做某事)

15．respond to  响应；回答；对……反应

16．move on  往前走，前进

17．explode with anger  勃然大怒

18．face to face  面对面地

19．agree on  对……取得一致意见

二．课文精研读

原文呈现

Friendship on the rocks①：please advise!

Amy

Monday 12/10 9：13 p．m.

My best friend and I have been close for eight years.When I was an awkward② primary school student③，she was the popular girl who was willing to④ make friends with me⑤.Since then，a close friendship has grown between us and she’s been almost like a sister to me 【1】．Whether we’re walking to school，doing homework or⑥ just hanging out⑦ at the weekend，we’re hardly out of each other’s sight⑧.But last Saturday，she broke my heart，and I’m still picking up the pieces⑨.

【1】“since＋时间点”与现在完成时连用。由时间状语since then，可知句子用现在完成时。

Our original⑩ plan was to see a film at the cinema that afternoon.But in the morning，my friend posted a message⑪ on social media⑫ saying she had a cold【2】．When I called her，she said she might not be able to make it⑬ to the cinema.“Don’t worry，” I said.“Get some rest.We can wait till you get better.”

【2】句中现在分词短语saying she had a cold作状语。she had a cold是saying的宾语从句，主句是my friend posted a message on social media.。

Today，however，I received a horrible surprise.A classmate told me she had seen my friend chatting⑭ with another girl in a café⑮ on Saturday afternoon.How stupid I was【3】！My friend’s “illness” was a complete lie! Instead of recovering⑯ at home，she was out having fun with⑰ someone else.

【3】本句是感叹句，其基本结构是“How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语！”

I was so angry that I avoided her during school all day，and I still don’t feel like responding to⑱ any of her online messages.The stress of this situation is killing me，and I’m at a loss⑲ what to do next.

Cindy

Monday 12/10 9：52 p．m.

I’m so sorry! But this friendship is worth⑳  saving：eight years is a long time! Don’t be so quick to judge your friend.Perhaps she knows she’s in the wrong and wants to apologize，or maybe she has a simple explanation for her behaviour.In any case，find an opportunity to have a full and frank talk with her.Listen to what she has to say，and be sure to explain how you feel 【4】．I’m sure you can solve this problem together.

【4】本句是并列祈使句，listen to 和be sure to explain作并列谓语，并分别接一个what和how引导的宾语从句。

David

Tuesday 13/10 8：11 p．m.

I definitely understand how you feel.I also had a friend whom I trusted a lot.When I found out that I was tricked by him，I was really hurt and let go of our friendship.I know you value your friendship and want your friend to value it equally.However，if your friend ignores your feelings or makes you suffer，it’s time to rethink your relationship.Talk to her and decide whether this friendship is still important to you.It’s sad to move on，but you have to accept that friends come and go in life 【5】．

【5】本句是but连接的并列句，前一分句中it是形式主语，代替后面真正主语to move on；后一分句that引导宾语从句。

Fill in the following blanks according to the text.

Amy and her best friend Jenny 1.have__been (be) close for eight years.But last Saturday，Jenny broke Amy’s heart.They had planned 2.to__see (see) a film at the cinema that afternoon.But in the morning，Jenny posted a message on social media 3.saying (say) she had a cold.Today，however，a classmate told Amy she had seen Jenny 4.chatting with another girl in a café on Saturday afternoon.Amy was so angry 5.that she avoided Jenny during school all day.She is at a 6.loss (lose) what to do next.

Cindy suggested that Amy 7.find (find) an opportunity to have a full and frank talk with Jenny.David once had a friend 8.whom/that he trusted a lot.But when he found out that he 9.was__tricked (trick) by his friend，he was really hurt and let go 10.of their friendship.So David advised having a talk with Jenny to decide whether the friendship was still important to Amy.

三．随堂精训练

【基 础 练】

一.根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式

1．My kids spend hours chatting(聊天) on the phone to their friends.

2．The game was fully reported in the social media(媒体)．

3．Tom watched too much TV，which affected his sight(视力) greatly.

4．We apologize (道歉) for the late departure of this flight.

5．It was generous(慷慨的) of him to pay for us.

6．My father has made a full recovery (recover) from the operation.

7．Her only response (respond) was always a nod of the head or something else like that.

8．No matter what you say，you will not influence my judgement (judge)．

9．Frankly (frank) speaking，I don’t quite agree with them.

10．My friend was__tricked (trick) out of her money yesterday in the street.

二.单句语法填空

1．Jim had been unemployed for over five months and he was really on the rocks now.

2．I dare not let the children out of my sight in this park.

3．Before my speech，I chatted with a woman who was very friendly.

4．James was at a loss as to what to do and felt lost.

5．He realized he was in the wrong and promised to turn over a new leaf.

6．We may miss the next bus，but in any case we’ll be there before midday.

7．You must let go of the idea that to be single is to be unhappy and unfulfilled.

8．He apologized to the people who had been affected.

9．You can rely on him to respond to a challenge.

10．Judging from/by her last letter，they are having a wonderful time.

三.选词填空

on the rocks，make it，at a loss, pick up，hang out，in the wrong，since then，let go of

1．You’ll just make it to the destination if you hurry up.

2．He realized he was in the wrong and apologized for it.

3．With the doctor’s help，she began to let go of recalling those bad things with her.

4．If you go to England，you’ll soon pick up English.

5．These troubles came along all at the same time that I was at a loss．

6．The company has a very serious financial problem and it is on the rocks now.

7．Like all girls of my age，I like to hang out with my friends at malls or theaters.

8．I moved to German with my parents in 2010 and I have studied in German school since then．

【提 能 练】

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

When it comes to friends，I desire those who will share my happiness with me.When I was in the eighth grade，I had a friend.We were shy and “too serious” about our studies when it was becoming fashionable with our classmates to learn acceptable social behaviors.We said little at school，but she would come to my house and we would sit down with pencils and paper，and one of us would say “Let’s start with a train whistle today.” We would sit quietly together and write separate poems or stories that grew out of a train whistle.Then we would read them aloud.At the end of that school year，we，too，were changed into social creatures and the stories and poems stopped.

When I lived for a time in London，I had a friend.He was in despair (失望) and I was in despair.But our friendship was based on the idea in each of us that we would be sorry later if we did not explore this great city because we had felt bad at the time.We met every Sunday for five weeks and found many excellent things.We walked until our despairs disappeared and then we parted.We__gave__London__to__each__other.

For almost four years I have had remarkable friends.We write long letters in which we often discover our strangest selves.Each of us appears，sometimes in a funny way，in the other’s dreams.She and I agree that，at certain times，we seem to be parts of the same mind.In my most interesting moments，I often think “Yes，I must tell...”  We have never met.

It is such comforting companions I wish to keep.One bright hour with their kind is worth more to me than the lifetime services of a psychologist (心理学家)，who will only fill up the healing (愈合的) silence necessary to those darkest moments in which I would rather be my own best friend.

【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章讲述了朋友在自己成长过程中的重要作用。

1．In the eighth grade，what the author did before developing proper social behavior was to ________．

A．become serious about her study B．go to her friend’s house regularly

C．learn from her classmates at school D．share poems and stories with her friend

答案　D　[细节理解题。由第一段最后一句可知，作者与她的朋友分享诗歌与故事。]

2．In Paragraph 2，“We gave London to each other.” probably means ________．

A．our exploration of London was a memorable gift to both of us

B．we were unwilling to tear ourselves away from London

C．our unpleasant feelings about London disappeared

D．we parted with each other in London

答案　A　[句意理解题。由第二段内容可知，在“我们”的沮丧消失后，“我们”分开了，“我们”给对方留下了自己探索伦敦的空间。]

3．According to Paragraph 3，the author and her friend ________．

A．call each other regularly B．have similar personalities

C．enjoy writing to each other D．dream of meeting each other

答案　C　[推理判断题。由第三段内容可知，作者和朋友几乎写了四年时间的信，由此可以推断她们都喜欢相互写信。]

4．In the darkest moments，the author would prefer to ________．

A．ask for professional help B．be left alone

C．stay with her best friend D．break the silence

答案　B　[推理判断题。由最后一段最后一句可知，作者在最黑暗的时候喜欢一个人待着。]

Ⅱ.七选五

Ways to Build Strong Friendships

Be loyal to a friend.

Part of being a friend is being prepared to devote your time and energy to helping out your friends.If a friend needs help with an unpleasant thing，or if he or she just needs a shoulder to cry on，be there for him or her.__1__This is a good way to attract the kind of friends you want in your life.

__2__

When you say you’ll do something，do it.When your friend tells you a secret，keep it secret from others.Be someone that people know who they can rely on.If you show this quality to your friends，they will appreciate it and will be reliable in return.

Be a good listener.

Many people think they have to appear very interesting.__3__Listen carefully to what people say，remember important details about them，ask questions about their interests，and take the time to learn more about them.

Stress your good qualities.

Show others what makes you stand out from the crowd.Talk about your interests and hobbies.Everyone has interesting stories to tell—don’t be afraid to share yours.__4__People love to be around someone who makes them laugh.

As you make friends with more people，you may find that some are hard to get along with.Sometimes you may even realize that certain friendships are unhealthy.__5__Cherish those friends who are a positive influence on your life，and do your best to be a positive influence on theirs.

A．Be a reliable friend.

B．Keep your promise to your friend.

C．Besides，a little humour always keeps a conversation light and happy.

D．In this case，walk your way out of the friendship as gracefully as possible.

E．Being a loyal friend will attract other people who value this quality to you.

F．Be respectful of their decisions and share yours with them.

G．Far more important than that，however，is the ability to show that you’re interested in others.

【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了如何建立牢固的友谊。

1．E　[根据本段的标题“Be loyal to a friend.”可知，本段的建议是对朋友忠诚，设空处后一句“This is a good way to attract the kind of friends you want in your life.”中的关键信息attract the kind of friends与E项中的Being a loyal friend will attract other people呼应，所以E项符合语境。故选E项。]

2．A　[设空处为段落标题句，根据该标题下的“Be someone that people know who they can rely on.”可知，本段主要讲做一个可以依靠的人。A项(做一个可信赖的朋友)能概括本段中心思想，符合语境。故选A项。]

3．G　[根据本段标题“Be a good listener.”和设空处后一句可知，本段建议做一个好的倾听者，G项中的interested in others与后面列举的对说话人感兴趣的表现呼应。故选G项。]

4．C　[根据设空处后的“People love to be around someone who makes them laugh.”可知，人们喜欢与能让他们笑的人在一起。C项中的a little humour always keeps a conversation light and happy与makes them laugh呼应。故选C项。]

5．D　[根据前面的“Sometimes you may even realize that certain friendships are unhealthy.”中的关键词unhealthy可知，此处应指遇到不健康的友谊怎么办，D项(在这种情况下，尽可能体面地走出这段友谊)符合语境。故选D项。]