高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 2 Improving yourself优秀课时作业

选择性必修第二册练习

Unit 2 Improving yourself

Starting out & Understanding ideas

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1.Whenever he fails the football games, it is always his father who helps　　　　　(pick) up . 

2.The weak boy recovers soon by taking exercise 　　　　　(constant) in the morning. 

3.When she felt sad and upset, she 　　　　　(rely)on friends and her teachers. 

4.All the sites are free to the public and 　　　　　(access) to anyone with an Internet connection. 

5.She 　　　　　(persuade)us to come to the concert, and we agreed. 

6.To avoid such an 　　　　　(embarrass) situation, we should learn more about different table manners of the world. 

7.All the lights were 　　　　　(turn) on which filled the room with colorful light. 

Ⅱ.选词填空

switch on;   rely on;   on reflection;   on average;   such as;   in the end;   give in

1.　　　　　, a powerful earthquake happens less than once every two years in the area. 

2.　　　　　, the little girl made up her mind to donate all her savings to the village school. 

3.The discussion went on for hours because neither side would 　　　　　. 

4.Many people 　　　　　the television to watch the Olympic Games. 

5.Most Chinese students 　　　　　 their parents to get the pocket the money. 

6.At first I thought it was a bad idea,but 　　　　　I realised she was right. 

7.Some people want to do something unusual,　　　　　 going round the world in a balloon or walking to the North Pole. 

Ⅲ.完成句子

1.我们必须努力抓住和充分利用生活中的每一次机会来提高自己。

We must strive to seize and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　every opportunity to improve ourselves. 

2.老实说,如果你不戒烟,这种病是治不好的。

　　　　　　　　　　　　　, if you don’t quit smoking you cannot be cured of the disease. 

3.看来我们的生活越来越方便了。

　　　　　　　　　　　　our life is getting more and more convenient. 

4.我希望今天能和大家分享我经营公司的策略。

I hope to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　which run the company with you today. 

5.我发现节前是鼓励孩子们捐赠较少用过的东西的好时机,而且很管用。

I found the pre-holidays a good time to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　donate less-used things,and it worked. 

IV.阅读理解

1.

Find the perfect way to keep fit with these websites

www. activelife. co. uk

This site is perfect for those who like to combine living a healthy lifestyle with enjoying the countryside. You can get a list of locations that offer routes for cycling. There is also information on cycling competitions in Britain.

www. swavedon. com

Swavedon is a national park with a lake, which offers many different ways of keeping fit in the great outdoors. There are three cycle routes around the lake and several woodland walks.

www. fitnet. co. uk

Steve Amos started this site for busy people wanting to keep fit. Fill in a questionnaire (调查表) and Steve will create a fitness programme for you. Although Steve's fee is high, you can email him for advice whenever you want. Besides, Steve has designed many fitness clothes, which anyone can order.

www. fitnessonline. co. uk

This is a free government website that encourages people to keep fit. It gives diet advice, and allows you to work through a fitness programme without leaving your house. It also offers advice on equipment to buy and has a chat room, where you can compare experiences with others.

www. sportsarena. co. uk

This website tells you how you can keep fit at this group of London sports centres. You don't have to be a member—these centres run a pay-as-you-go system. They all have a pool and gym. The website includes information about locations, opening times and prices.

www. NAG. co. uk

The National Athletics Group is a site for people interested in athletics. It allows you to find out where your nearest athletics club is and provides information about races and other athletics events around the country. There is a popular chat room where athletes exchange (交流) suggestions and ideas.

（1）Which of the following websites has information on cycling competitions?           

A.www. sportsarena. co. uk.

B.www. activelife. co. uk.

C.www. swavedon. com.

D.www. fitnet. co. uk.

（2）What can we learn about Steve Amos?           

A.He always helps people for free.

B.He started the site to sell fitness clothes.

C.He is unwilling to answer people's emails.

D.He offers personalized and convenient services.

（3）What can people do on www. NAG. co. uk?           

A.Search for the best gym.

B.Buy sports equipment they need.

C.Communicate with other athletes.

D.Find information about indoor sports.

2.

Thirteen-year-old Kaylee has a lot of friends—532, actually, if you count up her online friends. And she spends a lot of time with them.

But is it possible that Kaylee's online friendships could be making her lonely? That's what some experts believe. Connecting online is a great way to stay in touch, they say. However, some experts worry that many kids are so busy connecting online that they might be missing out on true friendships.

Could this be true? During your parents' childhoods, connecting with friends usually meant spending time with them in the flesh. Kids played Scrabble around a table, not Words With Friends on their phones. When friends missed each other, they picked up the telephone. Friends might even write letters to each other.

Today, most communication takes place online. A typical teen sends 2,000 texts a month and spends more than 44 hours per week in front of a screen. Much of this time is spent on  social media platforms(平台).

In fact, in many ways, online communication can make friendships stronger, "There's definitely a positive influence. Kids can stay in constant contact, which means they can share more of their feelings with each other," says Katie Davis, co-author of The App Generation.

Other experts, however, warn that too much online communication can get in the way of forming deep friendships. "If we are constantly checking in with our virtual words, we will have little time for our real-world friendships." says Larry Rosen, a professor at California State University. Rosen also worries that today's kids might mistake the "friends" on the social media for true friends in life. However, in tough times, you don't need someone to like your picture or share your blogs. You need someone who will keep your secrets and hold your hand. You would like to talk face to face.

（1）What is the purpose of the first paragraph?           

A.To summarize the text.

B.To tell about true friends.

C.To bring up a discussion.

D.To encourage online friendship.

（2）What does the underlined part "in the flesh" mean in Paragraph 3?           

A.In any case.

B.In person.

C.In full measure.

D.In advance.

（3）What is Katie's attitude towards online communication?           

A.Worried.

B.Unconcerned.

C.Confused.

D.Positive.

（4）What view does Rosen hold?           

A.It's wise to turn to friends online.

B.It's easier to develop friendships in reality.

C.Teenagers need focus on real-world friendships.

D.Social media help people stay closely connected.

3.

    If someone asked you to quantify (衡量) the time you spend online, how would you answer? If you're like one-fifth of Americans, you'd likely say "almost constantly." New research shows that 21 percent of Americans report that they're online more or less constantly.

    Andrew Perrin, a research assistant at Pew, did a survey about Internet use. During the survey, adults were asked how much they go online. 13 percent said they don't go online and 13 percent said they go online several times a week or less. Only 10 percent said they go online once a day and much larger quantities said they go online several times a day (42 percent) or "almost constantly" (21 percent).

    Interestingly, there wasn't a gender split (性别分化) when it came to near constant Internet use. Age seems to be the great divider: Only six percent of people over 65 said they were online that much. Those who reported that they were online all the time included 12 percent of 50- to 64-year-olds, 28 percent of 30- to 49-year-olds and 36 percent of 18- to 29-year-olds.

    Don't suppose that teenagers are online more than adults, however. In another survey, Pew found that while they did have a slight edge on adults in general when it came to "almost constant" Internet use, 24 percent said they were online pretty much all the time. They still fell greatly behind the 36 percent of adults between 18 and 29 years of age who were always online.

    Given that the United Nations considers unrestricted (无限制的) Internet access (接入) to be a human right, the number of Americans who report being online "almost constantly" could rise along with availability and affordability. But it remains to be seen whether being online all the time is actually something to long for, or how constant connectivity will affect American culture in the long term.

（1）What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?           

A.The aim of the survey.

B.The results of the survey.

C.Why the survey mattered.

D.How the survey was carried out.

（2）According to the text, most "almost constant" Internet users are _____.           

A.teenagers

B.men over 50 years old

C.adults between 18 and 29 years old

D.women between 30 and 49 years old

（3）The underlined part "have a slight edge on" in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _____.           

A.have power over

B.have an advantage over

C.have a very bad effect on

D.have nothing in common with

（4）The author showed his concern about _____.           

A.the affordability of Internet use

B.the availability of unrestricted Internet access

C.the effect constant Internet use may have on culture

D.the health problems constant Internet use may cause

4.

In the past few decades, great changes have taken place in the literary world. With the time changing, Chinese university students show a typical characteristic in their after-school reading and this reflects the changes of thoughts and the quality of young people.

The 1960s was the time for admiring heroes. Chinese university students had a thirst for reading heroic stories. Novels like The Song of Youth and How the Steel Was Tempered became extremely popular among university students. Lei Feng's Diary and Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung were almost a must to read. Everyone had a copy of China Youth, an encouraging and helpful magazine for the young. Harvest and People's Literature were fashionable among them as well.

University students in the 1970s were quite industrious in study. They spent much time in study than in spare-time reading. They wished to enrich their reading so as to improve self-cultivation and expand their knowledge. Masterpieces such as works of Shakespeare were popular, Lu Xun Selected Works and Ba Jin's trilogy were among the favorites of the students.

The 1980s shot up many young lovers for literature. At that time, foreign and Chinese masterpieces, especially works of Hugo and Shelley were the books young people often read. A survey named "The book that impressed you most during 1985 to 1989" indicated that Jin Yong's works ranked the second and works of Qiong Yao and San Mao the sixth.

In addition to romantic fiction and martial arts fiction, a new type of books — science fiction became popular among the male students in the 1990s. Apart from that, contemporary masterpieces including Chinese novels such as White Deer Plain, and foreign masterworks like War and Peace and The Thorn Birds were also popular.

1.What is mainly described in the second paragraph?           

A.Real heroes in the 1960s.

B.Foreign works in the 20th century.

C.The role models in Chinese college students' eyes.

D.The popularity of heroic books among Chinese college students.

2.What does the underlined word "industrious" in Paragraph 3 mean?           

A.Smart.

B.Hard-working.

C.Casual.

D.Absent-minded.

3.What can we learn from the text?           

A.University students in the 1960s read more than those in the 1970s.

B.Female university students liked science fiction most in the 1990s.

C.College students could choose to read from many books in the 1980s.

D.The Thorn Birds was the most popular novel in the late 20th century.

4.Which can be a suitable title for the text?           

A.Life Expectations of Chinese University Students.

B.What Books University Students Have Read Most.

C.Great Changes Have Taken Place in the Literary World.

D.Changes in Spare-time Reading for Chinese University Students.

V. 任务型阅读 

    It could be time to admit that you have a habit of putting off your tasks because you waste too much time on the Internet. If you are ready to cut down the time that you spend on it, it may seem difficult.________

    Pay attention to the time that you spend on the Internet. ________ Make sure you know how long it takes you to do each task and record exactly what you do. Then determine if an activity is really necessary. You'd be surprised at how much time you actually spend on necessary instead of unnecessary online activities.

    ________Though it may feel strange to use technology to stop you from using technology, this is what we face today. To improve your work efficiency (效率)while you are online, use apps that block the access (通道)to websites you always go to. This way will tell you not to jump over to the websites when you have the task to do.

    When working, avoid using your phone. With your smart phone at hand, you will waste lots of time on the Internet You have to stop wasting time online. Put away your phone when you are working or studying. ________ So you are unable to check your phone because you don't see it.

    Ask others for help. If you can't control yourself and you waste too much time on the Internet, it may be time to ask others for help. ________ Your family members can be helpful to you.

A. Keep your phone in another room.

B. Block the access to your favorite websites.

C. It is easier for you to control yourself with others' help.

D. Here are some methods that help you do with the difficulty.

E. Do all of your computer work at the beginning of your project.

F. To break the habit, learn how to manage the time you spend online.

G. You will find these useful tips can help you solve most of your problems.

VI.完形填空

    A long time ago there was a boy. He was smart, talented and handsome.     1   , he was very selfish and his temper was so    2    that nobody wanted to be friends with him. Often he got angry and said various    3   things to people around him.

    The boy's parents were very    4    about his bad temper. They considered what they could do and one day the father had an idea. He called his son and gave him a hammer and a bag of   5   .The father said: “Every time you get angry, take a nail and    6    it into that old fence as hard as you can.”

    The fence was very   7   and the hammer was heavy, nevertheless the boy was so angry that during the very first day he drove 37 nails.

    Day after day, week after week, the number of nails was gradually   8   . After some time, the boy started to understand that    9    his temper is easier than driving nails into the fence.

    One day the boy didn't    10    hammer and nails any more as he learned to hold his temper perfectly. So he came to his father and told about his   11   . “Now every time, when you hold your temper all day long,   12    one nail”.

    Much time has passed. At last the boy could be   13    of himself as all the nails were gone. When he came to his father and told about this, he   14   to come and take a careful look at the fence. “You did a good job, my son,   15    pay your attention to the    16    that were left from the nails. The fence will    17    be the same. The same happens when you say hurtful things to people, as your words leave   18    in their hearts like those holes in the fence. Remember, we need to    19    everyone with love and respect. It doesn't    20    that you say you are sorry, because the scars will not disappear.

VII.语法填空

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

In the past, it took a long time for people49.      (find) someone. Nowadays, however, 50.        the help of online communities, people can get their search 51.       (do) within a short period of time. All they need to do is get online and upload a picture of the person they are 52.       (look) for, or share some basic information about this person. Because of the "footprints" people have left online, other Internet users are usually able to find anyone53.       they are interested in.

One example of this is a man who beat a dog 54.      (cruel). His violence was recorded and uploaded online. In a very short time,the man was reported to an animal rescue team. In the end, he 55.      (punish) and made to apologize.56.      example involves（牵涉; 牵连）a college student who refused57.       (clean) up after her dog on the subway. Netizens revealed （透露）her personal information in order to punish her. Widely blamed for her behavior, this girl left college eventually. Many people thus began to debate58.       a “witch-hunt” like this went too far or not.

VIII.改错题

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下短文。短文中共有 10 处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在此符号下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2）只允许修改 10 处, 多者 (从第 11 处起) 不计分。

Nowadays, the great number of people, especially young people, like ordering meals online. It's not surprised. First, as the pace of modern life is becoming faster and faster, people had less time to cook even one meal for themselves. Second, the development of technology bring us smart phones and new apps, what may lead to the increase in online service. However, we should pay more attention to food. As we all know it, our health is closely related to what we eat. Although the service provides us convenience, we must take the food safety to consideration. Home-made food is cleaner and healthier, but I prefer to cook food at home rather than ordering meals online.

参考答案

I.

pick

constantly

relied

accessible

persuaded

embarrassing

turned

II.

On average

In the end

give in

switch on

rely on

on reflection

such as

III.

make full use of

To be honest

It seems that

share the strategies

encourage children to

IV.

1【答案】 （1）B

（2）D

（3）C  

【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了几个网站的相关信息。

 （1）考查细节理解。根据www. activelife. co. uk部分中的“There is also information on cycling competitions in Britain. ”可知, 在这个网站上可以找到有关自行车比赛的信息。故选B。

 （2）考查细节理解。根据www. fitnet. co. uk部分中的“Fill in a questionnaire and Steve will create a fitness programme for you. Although Steve's fee is high, you can email him for advice whenever you want. ”可知, Steve为人们量身定制健康计划, 并通过邮件的形式为人们提供一些建议, 由此可知, 他为帮助人们保持健康提供量身定制的、便捷的服务。故选D。

 （3）考查细节理解。根据www. NAG. co. uk部分中的“There is a popular chat room where athletes exchange suggestions and ideas. ”可知, 在这个网站用户可以和其他田径运动员进行交流。故选C。

 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

2.【答案】 （1）C

（2）B

（3）D

（4）C  

【解析】本文是一篇议论文，现在的青少年把更多的时间用于网上交友，这样的现象让专家很担忧。专家认为青少年如果不断地关注虚拟世界，他们将几乎没有时间在现实世界建立真正的友谊。

 （1）考查推理判断。根据第一段“Thirteen-year-old Kaylee has a lot of friends — 532, actually, if you count up her online friends. And she spends a lot of time with them.”13岁的凯莉有很多朋友——事实上，如果你把她的网上朋友加起来，有532个。她花了很多时间和他们在一起；以及第二段中的“But is it possible that Kaylee's online friendships could be making her lonely?“但有没有可能她网络上的朋友让她感到孤独呢？可知，第一段阐述了在网络上有很多朋友的现象，而第二段就此现象提出了一个疑问。由此推知，第一段目的是提出一个讨论的话题，从而引出下文对于这个话题的讨论。故选C。

 （2）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“During your parent's childhoods”在你们父母的童年时期；以及“Kids played Scrabble around a table, not Words With Friends on their phones.“孩子们围着桌子玩拼字游戏，而不是和朋友们用手机玩文字游戏。可知，在你父母的童年时期，与朋友相处通常意味着亲自花时间与他们在一起。孩子们围着桌子玩拼字游戏，而不是在手机上玩Words With Friends。由此推知，in the flesh意为“亲自”，故选B。

 （3）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“In fact, in many ways, online communication can make friendships stronger, ‘There's definitely a positive influence. Kids can stay in constant contact, which means they can share more of their feelings with each other' ”事实上，在很多方面，网上交流可以让友谊更加牢固。‘这绝对有积极的影响。孩子们可以经常联系，这意味着他们可以更多地分享彼此的感受。” 可推知，Katie对网络交流持乐观态度。故选D。

 （4）考查推理判断。根据第六段中的“Other experts, however, warn that too much online communication can get in the way of forming deep friendships. ’If we are constantly checking in with our virtual words, we will have little time for our real-world friendships‘ says Larry Rosen, a professor at California State University. Rosen also worries that today's kids might mistake the “friends” on the social media for true friends in life. “然而，其他专家警告说，过多的网上交流可能会妨碍建立深厚的友谊。如果我们不断地使用虚拟世界的语言，我们就没有多少时间来处理现实世界中的友谊了。加州州立大学教授拉里·罗森说。罗森还担心，现在的孩子可能会把社交媒体上的“朋友”误认为生活中真正的朋友。可知，如果我们不断关注我们的虚拟世界，我们将几乎没有时间留给现实世界的友谊。Rosen担心孩子们可能会把社交媒体上的朋友错当成生活中真正的朋友。由此推知，Rosen认为青少年需要关注现实世界的友谊。故选C。

 【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

3.【答案】 （1）B

（2）C

（3）B

（4）C  

【解析】本文是一篇议论文，美国一项调查表明，21%的人经常上网。这是否会对美国文化有影响呢？

 （1）考查段落大意。根据第二段中列举的数据可知，本段主要说明了这项调查的结果。故选B。

 （2）考查细节理解。根据第三、四段可知，18到29岁之间的成人经常上网的人数最多。故选C。

 （3）考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“Don't suppose that teenagers are online more than adults, however”以及划线词前的while可知，在一直上网方面，青少年比成人有优势。故选B。

 （4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“But it remains to be seen whether being online all the time is actually something to long for, or how constant connectivity will affect American culture in the long term”可知，作者担忧从长远看，人们经常上网将会影响美国文化。故选C。

 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和段落大意四个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

4【答案】 1.D

2.B

3.C

4.D  

【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了不同年代中国大学生的阅读偏好。随着时间的更迭，中国大学生的阅读习惯和特征也在不断变化，这反映了年轻人思想和素质的变化。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测，段落大意和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

21.考查段落大意。根据第二段中的“The 1960s was the time for admiring heroes. Chinese university students had a thirst for reading heroic stories.”20世纪60年代是崇拜英雄的时代。中国大学生渴望读英雄故事。 可知，20世纪60年代，英雄主义的书籍在中国大学生中很流行。后面则详细列举了相关书籍，故第二段主要介绍了英雄主义的书籍在中国大学生中十分流行。故选D。

22.考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“University students in the 1970s were quite industrious in study. They spent much time in study than in spare-time reading.”20世纪70年代的大学生在学习上相当勤奋。他们花在学习上的时间比花在业余阅读上的时间多。可知，20世纪70年代的中国大学生花在学习上的时间比课外阅读的时间多，由此可推知，这一时期的大学生都比较勤奋，故画线词应意为“勤奋的”。故选B。

23.考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中“At that time, foreign and Chinese masterpieces, especially works of Hugo and Shelley were the books young people often read.”当时，中外名著，特别是Hugo和Shelley的作品是年轻人经常读的书籍。可推知，在20世纪80年代，年轻人可选择中外各类著作，即可选择很多书去读。故选C。

24.考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“In the past few decades, great changes have taken place in the literary world. With the time changing, Chinese university students show a typical characteristic in their after-school reading and this reflects the changes of thoughts and the quality of young people.”在过去的几十年里，文坛发生了巨大的变化。随着时代的变迁，我国大学生课外阅读呈现出典型的特点，这反映了青少年思想观念和素质的变化。可知，本文主要介绍了中国大学生业余时间课外阅读的改变，故选D。

V. 【答案】 D；F；B；A；C  

【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了很多人因为浪费时间上网做些没用的事，而把工作延后了，作者介绍了一些方法和建议，来帮助想改变这种情形的人。

 （1）根据空前“It could be time to admit that you have a habit of putting off your tasks because you waste too much time on the Internet. If you are ready to cut down the time that you spend on it , it may seem difficult.”是时候承认你有拖延任务的习惯了，因为你浪费了太多的时间在网上。如果你准备减少花在它上的时间，这似乎很难。指明了人们拖延任务的问题，且后文提出具体的方法建议，D.Here are some methods that help you do with the difficulty.“这里有一些方法可以帮助你克服这个困难。”提出有办法解决问题，承上启下。故选D。

 （2）根据空前“Pay attention to the time that you spend on the Internet.”注意你上网的时间。统领全段内容，可以推断，此处与管理上网时间有关，F.To break the habit, learn how to manage the time you spend online.“改掉这个习惯，学习如何管理上网时间。”承接上文，且“manage the time you spend online”上文“the time that you spend on the Internet”相对应。故选F。

 （3）根据空后“Though it may feel strange to use technology to stop you from using technology”虽然用科技来阻止你使用科技可能感觉很奇怪；以及“use apps that block the access (通道)to websites you always go to”屏蔽你经常访问的网站。可知，B.Block the access to your favorite websites."阻止访问你最喜欢的网站。”总结了该段内容，且B项与空后“block the access (通道)to websites you always go to”屏蔽你经常访问的网站，相对应。故选B。

 （4）根据空后“When working, avoid using your phone.”工作时，避免使用手机。指明了工作时要避免使用手机，A.Keep your phone in another room."把你的手机放在另一个房间。”是避免使用手机的方法，且与空后“So you are unable to check your phone because you don't see it.”所以你无法查看你的手机，因为你看不到它。是因果关系。故选A。

 （5）根据空前“Ask others for help.”向他人寻求帮助；C. It is easier for you to control yourself with others' help.“在别人的帮助下，你会更容易控制自己。”解释了寻求他人帮助的原因，符合逻辑；且“others' help”与前文“Ask others for help”相对应。故选C。

 【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读， 要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

VI.【答案】 （1）B；（2）A；（3）C；（4）D；（5）C；（6）A；（7）B；（8）A；（9）D；（10）B；（11）C；（12）A；（13）D；（14）B；（15）D；（16）A；（17）B；（18）C；（19）D；（20）C；  

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是，很久以前一个男孩脾气坏，说话伤害别人。父亲通过让他把钉子钉在围墙上，然后再拔出来的方法，告诉他，留在人心里的伤疤永远不会消失。

（1）考查副词。A. Therefore“因此”；    B. However “然而”；   C. Besides “另外”；   D. Instead“反而”。他聪明、有天赋并且英俊。然而，他非常自私，脾气是如此不随和以致于没人想和他交朋友。空格前后是一种转折关系，故答案为B。

（2）考查形容词。A. difficult“困难的”；    B. easy-going “随和的”；   C. mild “温和的”；   D. pleasant“令人愉快的”。然而，他非常自私，脾气是如此不随和以致于没人想和他交朋友。故选A。

（3）考查形容词。A. encouraging “令人受鼓舞的”；   B. joking “开玩笑的”；   C. hurtful “造成伤害的”；   D. pitiful“可怜的”。他经常生气，说各种伤害周围人的话。故选C。

（4）考查形容词。A. serious“严重的”；    B. curious “好奇的”；   C. angry “生气的”；   D. concerned“关心的”。男孩的父母对他的坏脾气非常担忧。故选D。

（5）考查名词。A. coins“硬币”；    B. seeds“种子”；    C. nails “钉子”；   D. stones“石头”。根据下文，可知父亲给了儿子一把锤子和一袋钉子。故选C。

（6）考查动词。A. drive “驱赶，驾驶”；   B. put “放”；   C. throw “扔”；   D. send“寄送”。父亲告诉儿子，“每次你生气的时候，尽可能努力地把钉子钉到旧栅栏里。”根据句意可知选A。

（7）考查形容词。A. soft “柔软的”；   B. tough “牢固的，艰苦的”；   C. high “高的”；   D. strong“强壮的”。围墙很牢固，锤子很重，然而男孩如此生气结果在第一天他钉进去37个钉子。可知答案为B。

（8）考查动词。A. decreasing“ 减少，缩减”；   B. increasing  “增加，增长”；  C. staying“停留”；    D. changing“改变”。日复一日，周复一周，钉子渐渐地在减少。可知答案为A。

（9）考查动词。A. preventing“阻止”；    B. showing “展示”；   C. losing “失去”；   D. holding“召开，握住”。过了一段时间这个男孩开始明白控制自己的脾气比钉进栅栏更容易。故选D。

（10）考查动词。A. hit “打击，袭击”；   B. need “需要”；   C. have “有”；   D. take“拿走，带走”。一天这个男孩不再需要锤子和钉子因为他完美地学会了控制自己的脾气。故选B。

（11）考查名词。A. anger“生气”；B. lesson “教训，课”；C. achievement“成就”； D. grades“等级，分数”。于是他来到他父亲身边告诉父亲他所取得的成就。故选C。

（12）考查动词词组。A. pull out“拔出”；    B. destroy “毁掉”；   C. change“改变”； D. throw away“扔掉，丢弃”。每次当你抱着一整天的脾气时，你就拔出一个钉子。根据句意可知选A。

（13）考查形容词。A. fond“喜欢的”； B. ashamed“惭愧的”；    C. tired “疲倦的”；   D. proud“自豪的”。很多时间过去了，最后这个男孩可能因为自己而自豪因为所有的钉子不见了。be proud of“因为......而自豪”，故选D。

（14）考查动词。A. agreed “同意”；   B. offered“提供”；    C. asked“问”；    D. hoped“希望”。当他来告诉他父亲这事时，父亲要来仔细看看围墙。故选B。

（15）考查并列连词。A. so “所以”；   B. then “然后”；   C. thus “因此”；   D. but“但是”。儿子你做的不错，但是你要注意钉子留下的洞。故选D。

（16）考查名词。A. holes “洞”；   B. rubbish “垃圾”；   C. damage“损害”；    D. marks“标记”。儿子你做的不错，但是你要注意钉子留下的洞。故选A。

（17）考查副词。A. still “仍然”；   B. never “从来没有”；   C. sometimes“有时候”；    D. always“总是”。围墙再也不会是相同的了。故选B。

（18）考查名词。A. wounds “伤口”；   B. anger“生气”；    C. scars“伤疤”；    D. pain“疼痛”。当你说一些伤人的话时同样的情况会发生，因为你的话就像钉子一样在他们心里留下伤疤。故选C。

（19）考查动词。A. share “分享”；   B. provide “提供”；   C. consider “考虑”；   D. treat“对待”。记住，我们要用爱和尊重对待每个人。故选D。

（20）考查动词。A. mean “意味着”；   B. use “使用”；   C. matter“关键，重要”；    D. care“关心，在意”。你说对不起并不重要，因为伤疤永远不会消失。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及副词，动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。

VII

【答案】 to find；with；done；looking；who；cruelly；was punished；Another；to clean；whether  

【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了当今网络社会一种新型的寻人方法，即人肉搜索，只需要一张真人照片或者一些基本信息，就可以在网络世界中通过某人留下的足迹确认其真实身份，文章通过两个案例作了具体说明。

【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及非谓语动词，介词，定语从句，副词，时态语态，代词。宾语从句以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

49.句意：在过去，人们要找某个人得花很长时间。这里的主语it是形式主语，真正的主语应该是后面的动作，即find someone，要用不定式形式。故填to find。

50.句意：不过如今有线上社群的帮助，人们可以很快地完成搜寻。with the help of，固定短语，“在……的帮助下”，故填with。

51.句意：不过如今有线上社群的帮助，人们可以很快地完成搜寻。get sth. done固定短语，“使某事被完成，（让别人）做某事”，过去分词作宾补，故填done。

52.句意：他们需要做的就是上网然后上传一张想找的人的照片，或者分享一些此人的基本信息。主语they与谓语动词look是主动关系，且这里使用了be动词，是现在进行时，故填looking。

53.句意：因为人们在网上留下的“足迹”，其他的网络用户通常能找到任何感兴趣的人。         they are interested in是限制性定语从句，不定代词anyone为先行词，关系代词只能用who。故填who。

54.句意：其中一个例子是一名凶残地虐狗的男子。此空修饰定语从句中的谓语动词beat，要用副词，故填cruelly。

55.句意：最后，他受到了惩罚并作出道歉。主语he与punish之间是动宾关系，谓语动词应用被动语态，而be动词与另一个谓语动词made一致也要用过去式，应使用was。故填was punished。

56.句意：另一个例子则牵涉一个大学生，她拒绝清理自己狗狗留在地铁上的污物。本段开头有“one example”，而这里则是“人肉搜索”的另一个案例，应使用another表示“另一个”。故填Another。

57.句意：另一个例子则牵涉一个大学生，她拒绝清理自己狗狗留在地铁上的污物。refuse to do sth.固定短语，“拒绝做某事”，其后要使用不定式。故填to clean。

58.句意：很多人因此开始讨论这样的“猎巫”行为是否有些过头了。            a “witch-hunt” like this went too far or not.是宾语从句，由句末的or not推知，这里应使用连接词whether搭配or not表达“是否”。故填whether。

VIII.【答案】     ①the → a  ②surprised → surprising  ③had → have  ④bring → brings  ⑤what → which  ⑥把it去掉  ⑦在us后面加with  ⑧to →into  ⑨but → so  ⑩ordering → order

【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人们喜欢网上订餐的原因以及强调我们要注意食品安全。

①句意：如今，很多人，尤其是年轻人，喜欢在网上订餐。the number of固定短语，“……的数量”；a number of为固定短语，意为“一些，大量的”。此处表示“大量的”。故the改为a。

②句意：这并不奇怪。is为系动词，后面需加形容词作表语，此处修饰的是物，需用-ing结尾的形容词。故surprised改为surprising。

③句意：首先，随着现代生活的节奏越来越快，人们自己做饭的时间越来越少。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为people，谓语动词使用原形。故had改为have。

④句意：第二，科技的发展给我们带来了智能手机和新的应用程序，这可能会导致在线服务的增加。主语为“the development of technology”，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故bring改为brings。

⑤句意：第二，科技的发展给我们带来了智能手机和新的应用程序，这可能会导致在线服务的增加。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词smart phones and new apps，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导，故what改为which。

⑥句意：我们都知道，我们的健康与我们吃什么密切相关。as引导非限制性定语从句，并且在从句中作宾语，it是多余的。故将it去掉。

⑦句意：虽然服务为我们提供了方便，但我们必须考虑食品安全。provide sb. with sth.固定短语，“提供某人某物”。故在us后面加with。

⑧句意：虽然服务为我们提供了方便，但我们必须考虑食品安全。take…into consideration固定短语，“把……考虑进去”。故将to改为into。

⑨句意：自制的食物更干净更健康，所以我更喜欢在家做饭而不是在网上订餐。上下文之间是因果关系，需用连词so连接。故but改为so。

⑩句意：自制的食物更干净更健康，所以我更喜欢在家做饭而不是在网上订餐。prefer to do…rather than do…固定短语，“宁愿做……而不愿做……”。故ordering改为order。

 【点评】考查短文改错，本题考点涉及冠词，形容词，时态，主谓一致，定语从句，代词，介词，连词以及非谓语动词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。