高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 5 A delicate world精品课堂检测

选择性必修第二册练习

Unit 5 A delicate world

Starting out & Understanding ideas

Ⅰ.单句填空

1.　　　　　(erode) has removed a large part of the land on the mountains. 

2.One method of soil 　　　　　(conserve) is planting more trees. 

3.　　　　　(substantial) evidence should be provided to support your ideas. 

4.We shouldn’t break the 　　　　　(ecology) balance to satisfy personal needs. 

5.The roof 　　　　　(collapse) during the hurricane. 

Ⅱ.短语填空

participate in; or so; in consequence; once again; be native to; out of control; die out; take over

1.　　　　　　　　,they decided to carry on the plan although it was difficult. 

2.I didn’t feel anything on the spot; adrenaline (肾上腺素)　　　　　. 

3.Panda 　　　　　China, but it’s popular around the world. 

4.Overseas students will be able to 　　　　　 all kinds of activities in our school. 

5.Let’s work on the problem before it gets　　　　　. 

6.Unfortunately, these endangered animals even　　　　　. 

7.We have started the project a month 　　　　before. 

8.Chinese calligraphy is 　　　　　　a subject in many schools around China. 

Ⅲ.完成句子

1.我很吃惊他会想出如此好的主意。

I was amazed that he　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　such a sweet idea. 

2.当去掉脂肪和盐,食物就少了些味道。

When fat and salt 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　food,the food tastes as if it is missing something. 

3.今年,选择这一学科的学生人数减少了25%。

This year,the students who choose this subject 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 

4.尽管我们都很担心,结果一切都顺利。

Despite our worries everything　　　　　 　　　　　well. 

5.他明确表示他对这门学科感兴趣。

He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　he was  interested in the subject. 

IV. 阅读理解

A

The twilight zone (朦胧地带) contains the largest and least explored fish stocks (储备) of the world's oceans. Ranging from just below 200 metres to 1, 000 metres deep, it is an interface between the well-studied sea life in the sunlit zone above and the ecosystems of the darkest territory below. It has a major role in removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and storing it for centuries or longer. The twilight zone is also known to the largest migration on Earth. Huge numbers of fishes and zooplankton (浮游动物) move hundreds of metres towards the surface each night to feed, before withdrawing back down at dawn. 

Yet the zone is poorly understood — physically, biogeochemically and ecologically. Even the number of organisms that live there remains a mystery, let alone their diversity and function. 

It is alarming, then, that this vast ocean domain is at risk in three ways-even before any of the potential consequences are understood. First, the world's growing population has an increasing need for food. Second, sea-floor mining for minerals and metals could release waste into the region. And third, climate change is varying temperature, acidification and oxygen levels in ways that are likely to affect life there. 

The twilight zone is hard Io study. Its organisms are difficult to sample and analyse, being thinly distributed, almost invisible and often fragile. They also live at pressures of up to 100 atmospheres, which poses problems for laboratory-based investigations. 

Critics might argue that walers near coasts and above shelves are more deserving of study, given the huge environmental pressures there, as well as their importance to societies. And, of course, they need attention. Sadly, however, it is too late to avoid widespread environmental damage to these inshore regions. Instead, research efforts and local policies must aim at minimizing the worst effects. 

By contrast, the twilight zone is almost left in its original condition. Moreover, the majority of it lies beyond national administration. This makes it of common interest and responsibility, and means that global agreement is necessary to manage it. 

1.What can we learn about the twilight zone?           

A.It has the least fish stocks.

B.It reduces atmosphere's carbon dioxide.

C.It lies at the bottom of sea.

D.It is located above the sunlit zone.

2.What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us?           

A.Where global warming leads us.

B.Why high food consumption arises.

C.How the twilight zone is threatened.

D.What impacts pollution has on ocean.

3.What does the underlined word "it" in the last paragraph refer to?           

A.The twilight zone.

B.The inshore area.

C.Its original condition.

D.National administration.

4.Which statement does the author agree with?           

A.International cooperation is essential.

B.Inshore regions deserve more attention.

C.Global agreement has been reached.

D.Study on the twilight zone is out of the question.

B

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 

Evidence of a worm-like creature about the size of a grain of rice has been uncovered in South Australia, and researchers believe it is the oldest ancestor on the family tree that includes humans and most animals. The creature lived about 535 million years ago. It is considered to be an evolutionary step forward for early life on Earth.

Researchers have been trying to find evidence of the common ancestor of most animals. Developing its body structure and organization successfully allowed life to move in specific, purposeful directions. This includes everything from worms and dinosaurs to amphibians (两栖动物) and humans. But for our common ancestor, they knew that fossils (化石) of the tiny, simple creatures they imagined would be nearly impossible to find because of its size and soft body. Then, they turned to fossilized burrows, dated to the Ediacaran Period, found in South Australia.

For 15 years, scientists knew the burrows were created by the creature. There was no evidence of what made the burrows and lived in them until researchers decided to take a closer look at the burrows. Geology professor Mary Droser spotted impressions shaped like ovals near the burrows.

A 3-D laser scan revealed the impressions containing evidence of a body shaped and sized like a rice grain, with a noticeable head and tail which suggested it had muscles. The muscles would have enabled the creature to move and create the burrows, like the way a worm moves. And the size of the creature matched with the size of the burrows they found.

The researchers involved in the study named the creature Ikaria wariootia. The first name translates as “meeting place” in the Adnyamathanha language. Adnyamathanha is the name of Australian people that live in the area where the fossil was found.

5.What does the underlined word “It” mean in the first paragraph?           

A. A worm-like creature.       B. A grain of rice.       C. A family tree.       D. An evolutionary step.

6.What did the researchers do during the study?           

A. They developed the creature in the expected way.

B. They studied a large number of worms and dinosaurs.

C. They observed the burrows close up.

D. They went back to the Ediacaran Period some years ago.

7.What inspired the scientists to explore the origin of the burrows?           

A. A 3-D laser scan.          B. The impressions.          C. Some good ovals.          D. More burrows.

8.What does the text mainly tell us?           

A. The researchers worked very hard in the burrow.

B. The worm-like creature may be animals' ancestor.

C. It is very difficult to name a new kind of creature.

D. Australian people like fossils of many creatures.

C

World's loneliest marathon

Many of us know about Russia's Lake Baikal from our textbooks, or by listening to Chinese singer Li Jian's hit song, Lake Baikal. But over the past decade, the world's deepest freshwater lake has been in the spotlight for an extreme sport.

Each March since 2005, about 150 people from around the world sign up for the Baikal Ice Marathon. They come to explore the lake's breathtaking beauty and challenge themselves in unpredictable conditions.

The 26-mile (41. 84-kilometers) journey starts on the lake's eastern shore. In March, the ice is a meter thick and iron-hard. Runners cross this frozen surface, finishing on the western side of the lake.

Known as the "blue eye of Siberia", Lake Baikal has exceptionally clear waters. This means its ice is almost perfectly transparent. "Seen from above, a runner on the ice looks as if he or she is jogging through space," The New York Times noted.

The landscape might be beautiful, but it's also harsh. Strong winds blast across the lake and frostbite can occur within half an hour. Runners say the cold climate is what draws them. They want to test their limits.

"When you are in such an environment, you don't have cars around you, you don't have the noise around. I think these extreme races allow you to be alone with nature," Alicja Barahona, a 64-year-old runner from the US, told ABC News.

The location offers some strange and unique characteristics for this marathon. The finish line is visible from the start, but the endless white offers no progress markers. The race also ends with little fanfare (喧闹). Tourists crowding the ice are mostly addicted to snapping selfies (自拍) and just ignore the runners.

For some runners, the absence of spectators (观众) makes the race more challenging, because it's lonely. They must fight with themselves. "You are alone on Baikal. It is your race. You are alone with yourself. All you need to do is to defeat yourself," Veronique Messina, a French runner, told the Telegraph.

（1）What can we know about the Baikal Ice Marathon from the article?           

A. It takes runners from the northern end to the southern end of the lake.

B. It involves extreme weather and beautiful scenery.

C. It attracts more and more participants each year.

D. It is about 26 kilometers in length.

（2）In Paragraph 5, the underlined word "harsh" probably means _______.           

A. interesting                            B. mysterious                            C. severe                            D. safe

（3）How does the Baikal Ice Marathon differ from other marathons?           

A. Only men are allowed to run in this race.

B. The runners can see the finish line from the start.

C. The runners are often distracted by tourists.

D. There are many progress markers on the ice.

（4）What is the most challenging part of the race for Messina?           

A. Loneliness.         B. The long distance.         C. The cold climate.         D. Noisy surroundings.

V. 七选五 

Red Cross Apps Guide Survivalists through Natural Disasters

Red Cross has several apps that will help you in a natural disaster.25.      

·Emergency App

For an all-in-one reference for any catastrophe, the Emergency App is the answer. 26.      Users can also customize their alerts according to their areas and locations of their loved ones so that they can monitor activity in multiple places.

·Earthquake App

27.      And the number of high magnitude earthquakes nearly doubled last year. With the Earthquake App, you'll receive real­time alerts and notifications and learn how to respond in this natural disaster while keeping your family and home safe from any further threats.

·Hurricane App

This is a must-have for people in hurricane areas. 28.      Much like the Earthquake App, it will supply you with details for staying safe in this circumstance.

·Shelter Finder App

In case your emergency shelter wasn't built to withstand whatever disaster came your way, the Shelter Finder App uses data from the National Shelter System and maps out the secured shelters across the country. Other than the address, the app also supplies you with details such as the agency running the shelter, capacity and current population of the shelter, among others. 29.      

A. The global earthquake rate is rising.

B. Each app is available on iOS and Android devices.

C. It contains information on over 35 different types of emergency situations.

D. These details are updated within every thirty minutes, so you'll always stay posted.

E. Track storms and the condition in your area so that you can take the proper precautions.

F. The modern survivalist knows your smart phone is the best tool to keep you on your feet.

G. For other apps specific to a natural disaster, the Red Cross also has apps for floods, tornadoes, and wildfires.

VI. 完形填空

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选 

项。

    Rabbit Island is a tiny and remote island off  northern Michigan's Keweenaw Peninsula.Its

       1    nature is the perfect destination for artists to come and    2    their creativity. New Yorker Rob Gorski    3    the island in 2010, who wanted to protect its natural state. He also saw a(n)     4    to create a setting where artists could get close to    5    and create their great works.

    Gorski set up the Rabbit Island Foundation, whose main goal is to host artistic    6    during the summer while also teaching and    7    conservation.

    Artists, with the    8    that the island should largely remain untouched, are    9    to a two-week period of reflective engagement in a wilderness unlike anywhere else in the world. They    10    a"leave no trace " policy. Small solar panels are used to generate electricity and buildings are simple with nothing    11    left in place. " Rabbit Island exists to encourage the community to    12    the most fundamental part of our age --- the environment and the human relationship to it. We challenge artists to take    13    and create bold works challenging the assumptions of the landscape created by previous    14   , said Gorski.

    Most artists say they have a better understanding and     15    of nature after the experience, which, in turn, gives them many creative inspirations.

VII. 语法填空

In 2016, Shennongjia made it onto the UNESCO World Heritage List. It was awarded this status because it meets two criteria 39.       (require) by the list.

To begin with, it contains a naturally-balanced environment that allows the many and various species to live and prosper. The region rises from about 400 metres 40.       over 3,000 metres above sea level, 41.       (result) in a great variation in climatic conditions. Some of the plants and animals 42.       (regard) as living fossils.

What's more, it is also one of the rare 43.       (location) in the world where scientists can observe the 44.       (ecology) and biological processes that occur as the plants and animals develop and evolve. According to official statistics, over 3,000 plant species and about 4,300 insects have been recorded. Shennongjia also supports more than 600 vertebrate species. Therefore, it is a challenge to look after so many species. Thanks to peopled efforts, the Golden Snub-nosed Monkey's population 45.       (double) since the 1980s. The most impressive aspect is the local people, 46.       take things from nature without 47.       (cause) damage. All of this highlights how understanding, 48.       (aware) and hard work have contributed towards protecting the unique natural world.

VIII. 短文改错 

Dear Jackie

    The school holidays are drawing to near. I feel very exciting at the thought that I am going to visit America in the holidays. It's the first time for me to travel abroad on my own, so I need your helping. I'd like to visit some areas of scenic beauty, such for mountains, rivers or forests, which I could enjoy the beauty of nature. Could you suggest several place for me to visit? Beside, I prefer to live in a hotel and I hoped the traffic isn't too heavy. Perhaps you could help me book hotel.

    I'm expecting to hear from you, and I'm looking forward to meet you in America.

Yours

Li hua

答案解析

I

1．Erosion

2．conservation

3．Substantial

4．ecological

5．Collapsed

II

1. In consequence
2. had taken over
3. is native to
4. participate in
5. out of control
6. die out
7. or so
8. once again

III

1．had come up with

2．are removed from

3．have decreased by 25%

4．turned out

5．made it clear that

IV

A【答案】     1.B

2.C

3.A

4.A

【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了海洋中的朦胧地带，指出了它面临的威胁性风险，呼吁国际合作。

 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代，推理判断和段落大意四个题型的考查，是一篇地理类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

1.考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“It has a major role in removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and storing it for centuries or longer. ”它在从大气中去除二氧化碳并将其储存数百年或更久方面起着重要作用。可知，朦胧地带减少了大气中的二氧化碳。故选B。

2.考查段落大意。根据第三段中的“It is alarming, then, that this vast ocean  domain is at  risk  in three ways-even before any of the potential consequences are understood. ”然而，令人担忧的是，这片广阔的海洋领域正面临着三方面的风险——甚至在任何潜在后果被理解之前；以及下文描述了三点风险，可知，本段主要讲述了朦胧地带是如何受到风险威胁的。故选C。

3.考查代词指代。根据最后一段中的“By contrast, the twilight zone is almost left in its original  condition.  Moreover, the majority of it lies beyond national administration. ”相比之下，朦胧地带几乎保持了原来的状态。此外，它的大部分问题超出了国家行政管理的范围。又提到朦胧地带几乎保持了原来的状态以及连词Moreover进一步补充的内容可知，划线词it指的是“The twilight  zone”朦胧地带。故选A。

4.考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“This makes it of common interest and responsibility,  and  means that global agreement is necessary to manage it. ”这使它具有共同利益和责任，并意味着有必要达成全球协议来管理它。可知，作者会同意“国际合作至关重要。”这种说法。故选A。

B【答案】 5.A

6.C

7.B

8.B  

【解析】人类来自哪里，动物又是从哪里起源？本文讲述科学家在澳大利亚的一个洞穴里找到了潜在的答案。他们发现像虫子一样的生物，可能是人类最早的祖先。

【点评】考查阅读理解。科普说明文类文章看似难懂，实则在于定位的准确性。猜测题、细节题、推断题、主旨题都是常考题型。首先要读懂第一段，通常都是开篇明义，然后根据题干信息进行定位解题。

5.指代猜测题。根据第一段Evidence of a worm-like creature about the size of a grain of rice...includes humans and most animals.（澳大利亚南部发现了一种米粒大小的蠕虫状生物的证据，研究人员认为它是包括人类和大多数动物在内的族谱上最古老的祖先。）可知，此处“It”意为一种类似蠕虫的生物。故选A。

6.细节题。根据第二段末尾Then, they turned to fossilized burrows, dated to the Ediacaran Period, found in South Australia.（然后，他们转向了在南澳大利亚发现的，可以追溯到埃迪卡拉纪的洞穴化石。）可知，研究者们进一步观察洞穴。故选C。

7.细节题。根据第三段末尾Geology professor Mary Droser spotted impressions shaped like ovals near the burrows.（地质学教授玛丽·德罗瑟，在洞穴附近发现了椭圆形的印痕。）可知，这个印痕激励了科学家探索洞穴的起源。故选B。

8.主旨大意题。纵览全文可知，文章围绕第一段Evidence of a worm-like creature...includes humans and most animals.（澳大利亚南部发现了一种米粒大小的蠕虫状生物的证据，研究人员认为它是包括人类和大多数动物在内的族谱上最古老的祖先。）进行展开，讲述了蠕虫状生物可能是动物的祖先。故选B。

C【答案】 （1）B

（2）C

（3）B

（4）A  

【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界上最孤独的马拉松是在贝加尔湖畔。自2005年以来，每年3月，来自世界各地的人报名参加贝加尔湖冰马拉松。他们来这里探索湖泊的美丽，并在不可预知的条件下挑战自己，测试自己的极限。

 （1）考查细节理解。根据第二段“Each March since 2005, about 150 people from around the world sign up for the Baikal Ice Marathon. They come to explore the lake's breathtaking beauty and challenge themselves in unpredictable conditions. ” 自2005年以来，每年三月都会有来自世界各地的150人报名参加贝加尔湖冰上马拉松。他们来这里是为了探索湖的美，在不可预知的条件下挑战自己。由此可知冰马拉松涉及极端的天气和美丽的风景，故选B。

 （2）考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的“Strong winds blast across the lake and frostbite can occur within half an hour. ” 强风吹过湖面，半小时内就会冻伤，由此可推断上文的转折应该是天气也是残酷的，可知，harsh同severe同义，意为“残酷的，恶劣的”，故选C。

 （3）考查细节理解。根据第七段中的“The location offers some strange and unique characteristics for this marathon. The finish line is visible from the start, but the endless white offers no progress markers. ” 这个地点为这次马拉松比赛提供了一些奇怪而独特的特点。从一开始就可以看到终点线，但无尽的白色没有任何进展标记。由此可知从一开始就看到终点线成为冰马拉松的独特特点，故选B。

 （4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“For some runners, the absence of spectators (观众) makes the race more challenging, because it's lonely. ” 对于一些赛跑者来说，缺少观众使得比赛更具挑战性，因为比赛很孤单。因此孤单是比赛最具挑战的那部分。故选A。

 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和词义猜测两个题型的考查，是一篇地理类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。

V【答案】 B；C；A；E；D  

【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些红十字会自然灾害客户端，它们会对你有所帮助。

【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇介绍类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

25.根据空前“Red Cross has several apps that will help you in a natural disaster.”红十字会有几个应用程序可以帮助你应对自然灾害。B. Each app is available on iOS and Android devices. “每个应用程序都可以在 iOS 和 Android 设备上使用。”承接上文，符合语境，故选B。

26.根据空前“For an all-in-one reference for any catastrophe, the Emergency App is the answer. ”对于任何灾难来说，应急应用程序都是最好的选择。C. It contains information on over 35 different types of emergency situations. “它载有超过35种不同类型的紧急情况的资料。”承接上文，符合语境，故选C。

27.本段主要介绍地震应用程序。根据空后“And the number of high magnitude earthquakes nearly doubled last year.”去年，高震级地震的数量几乎增加了一倍。A. The global earthquake rate is rising. “全球地震率正在上升。”承接下文，符合语境，故选A。

28.本段主要介绍飓风的应用程序。根据空前“·Hurricane App”飓风应用程序；以及“This is a must-have for people in hurricane areas. ”这是飓风地区人们的必备物品。E. Track storms and the condition in your area so that you can take the proper precautions. “它跟踪你所在地区的风暴情况，这样你就可以采取适当的预防措施。”承接上文，符合语境，故选E。

29.根据空前：Other than the address, the app also supplies you with details such as the agency running the shelter, capacity and current population of the shelter, among others.”除了地址，该应用程序还提供了一些详细信息，如管理收容所的机构、容量和目前的人口等。D. These details are updated within every thirty minutes, so you'll always stay posted. “这些细节每30分钟更新一次，所以你会一直保持更新。”承接上文，符合语境，故选D。

VI. 完形填空

【答案】 （1）B；（2）D；（3）A；（4）C；（5）D；（6）B；（7）D；（8）C；（9）A；（10）C；（11）A；（12）B；（13）A；（14）D；（15）C；  

【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了兔子岛位于苏必利尔湖上，是一个人烟稀少的偏远地区．虽然这个小岛并不大，但它是一片未开发的自然，是来自各个领域的艺术家来激发他们创造力的完美地方。

 （1）考查形容词。句意：它未开发的自然环境，是艺术家们来到这里激发他们创造力的的最佳地点。undesired“不希望得到的，不想要的”；undeveloped“未开发的”；unnamed“未命名的”；unknown“未知的”。故选B。

 （2）考查动词。display“展示”；assess“评价，评估”；sharpen“削尖，使敏锐”；inspire“鼓舞，激发”。 inspire one’s creativity固定短语，“激发某人的创造力”，故选D。

 （3）考查动词。句意：纽约人Rob Gorski 在2010年买下这座岛，想要保护它的自然状态。purchase“购买”；develop“发展，研发”；ignore“忽视，忽略”；occupy“占据”。故选A。

 （4）考查名词。句意：他也看到了一个创造环境的机会。sign“记号，迹象”；possibility“可能，可能性”；opportunity“机会”；invitation“邀请”。故选C。

 （5）考查名词。句意：在那里艺术家可以亲近大自然，创作他们的伟大作品。heaven“天堂”；people “人们”；life“生活，生命”；nature“自然，自然界”。故选D。

 （6）考查名词。Gorski建立一个兔岛基金会,主要目标是在夏天主持艺术节目同时也教育和提倡保护。party “宴会，派对”；program“节目，项目”；game“游戏，比赛”；show“展览”。故选B。

 （7）考查动词。oppose“反对”；raise“提升，养”；record“记录”；advocate“提倡”。 Gorski建立兔岛基金会是为了倡导人们保护自然。故选D。

 （8）考查名词。句意：坚信这个岛应该保持原样的艺术家们，受邀在这个不像世界上其他地方的荒野参加为期两周的考察活动。hobby“业余爱好”；topic“主题，题目”；belief“信念，信仰”；plan“计划”。 with the belief “相信”，故选C。 

 （9）考查动词。invite“邀请”；expose“暴露”；addict“对…..有瘾，使沉溺”；relate“连接，与…..有关”。此处表达艺术家们被邀请参加野外考察活动，故选A。

 （10）考查动词。句意：他们遵循”不留痕迹”的政策。organize“组织”；draw“画，吸引”；follow“跟随，遵从”；imagine“想象”。故选C。

 （11）考查形容词。句意：小型太阳能电池板用来发电，建筑物很简单，没有什么是永久性的。permanent“永久的”；popular“流行的，受欢迎的”；available“可利用的，可获得的”；portable“可携带的，轻便的”。故选A。

 （12）考查动词短语。句意：兔子岛的存在是为了鼓励社区专注于我们这个时代最重要的部分——环境以及人与环境的关系。put on“穿上，上演”；focus on “聚焦，集中于”；turn on“打开”；agree on“取得一致意见”。故选B。

 （13）考查名词。句意：我们挑战艺术家们，让他们冒险，创作大胆的作品，挑战挑战上一代人创造的景观设想。risk“冒险”；turn“顺序”；duty“职责”；note“钞票，便条”。take risks固定短语，“冒险”，故选A。

 （14）考查名词。group“组”；race“种族，比赛”；fan“迷”；generation“代”。此处指对上一代的设想进行挑战，故选D。

 （15）考查名词。句意：大多数艺术家说他们对大自然有了更好的理解和欣赏，反过来，这给了他们许多创作灵感。description“描述”；communication“交流，通讯”；appreciation“感激，欣赏”；recreation“消遣,娱乐”。故选C。

 【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇自然地理类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。

VII

【答案】     required；to；resulting；are regarded；locations；ecological；has doubled；who；causing；awareness

【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了神农架被联合国教科文组织列入世界遗产名录的原因。

 【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及非谓语动词，介词，时态语态，名词，形容词，定语从句以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

VIII. 【答案】 ①drawing to near →drawing near  ②exciting →excited  ③helping →help  ④for →as  ⑤which →where  ⑥place →places  ⑦beside →besides  ⑧hoped →hope  ⑨book hotel →book a hotel  ⑩meet →meeting  

【解析】本文是一封信，是李华在去美国旅游之前给  Jackie写信，征求建议。

 （1）考查固定短语。句意：学校的假期快到了。draw near固定短语，“靠近，接近”，故去掉near前的to。

 （2）考查形容词。句意：一想到假期要去美国，我就兴奋不已。指人激动，用excited，因此exciting 改为excited。

 （3）考查名词。句意：这是我第一次独自出国旅行，于是我需要你的帮助。此处名词作need的宾语，故helping 改为help 。

 （4）考查介词。句意：我想参观一些风景优美的地方，比如山脉，河流或森林，在那里我可以欣赏大自然的美。such as固定短语，“诸如，像”，故for 改为as。

 （5）考查定语从句。句意：我想参观一些风景优美的地方，比如山脉，河流或森林，在那里我可以欣赏大自然的美。此句含有非限制性定语从句，，先行词是some areas，在从句中作地点状语，故which改为where。

 （6）考查名词。句意：你能给我推荐几个地方吗？  several后接可数名词复数，故place改为places 。

 （7）考查副词。句意：另外，我更喜欢住酒店，希望交通不会太拥挤。 beside 介词，“在......旁边”；besides 副词，“此外”，故 beside 改为besides 。

 （8）考查时态。句意：另外，我更喜欢住酒店，希望交通不会太拥挤。根据语境，可知谓语动词用一般现在时，故 hoped 改为hope 。

 （9）考查冠词。句意：也许你可以帮我订个酒店。此处是泛指，用不定冠词，故在 hotel 前加a。

 （10）考查非谓语动词。句意：期待收到你的来信，盼望在美国见到你。look forward to doing固定短语，“盼望做......”，动名词作宾语，故meet改为meeting。

 【点评】本题考点涉及形容词，名词，介词，定语从句，副词，时态，冠词以及非谓语动词等多个知识点的考查，是一封信，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。