初中英语人教新目标八年级上册Unit 1 重点语法解析

八年级英语上册Unit 1 重点语法解析1.在英语中，anything, something, nothing和everything是用于指代事物的复合不定代词，与之相对应的复合不定代词anyone, someone, no one和everyone (anybody, somebody, nobody和everybody) 用于指人。与形容词连用时，形容词必须置于复合不定词之后，语法上称作“后置”。e.g. I can see someone new in your group.我在你团队里看到一个新人。There’s nothing interesting in the news today.今天没什么有趣的新闻。2.anywhere   adv. 在任何地方常用于一般疑问句或否定句中，代替somewhere。e.g. I can’t find my keys anywhere.我到处找也找不到我的钥匙。3.taste作连系动词，意为“尝起来”，其后常接形容词构成系表结构。类似用法的词有：sound(听起来），smell(闻起来）, look(看起来）,feel(摸起来）e.g. The cake tastes decilious.蛋糕尝起来很美味。4.few、a few、little、a little的区别和联系：◆few / a few用来修饰可数名词,few表示否定意义，没有，几乎没有；a few表示有肯定意思，有几个。e.g.He has few friends here. He feels lonely.他这里没朋友。他感觉寂寞。There are a few eggs in the basket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋.◆little / a little用来修饰不可数名词,little表示否定意思，没有，几乎没有,a little 表示肯定意思，有一点儿。e.g.There is little ink in my bottle. Can you give me a little ink?我的瓶子里没有墨水了, 你能给我点儿墨水吗?5.◆most意为“大多数”，后跟可数名词或不可数名词均可。泛指多数，无范围；e.g. Most students go to school on foot.大多数学生步行去上学。◆most+ of + the (this/that/those/these等)名词 ，指某一范围内的多数。e.g. Most of the students go to school by bike.这些学生们中的多数骑自行车去上学。6.句型How ... sb. like ...?与What ... sb. think of ...?同义，意为“某人觉得……怎么样？”。e.g. How do you like the TV show?=What do you think of the TV show?你觉得这个电视节目怎么样？7.seem意为“好像；似乎；看来”，其主要用法如下：◆seem+ (to be) + adj.e.g. The movie seems (to be) interesting.这部电影似乎很有趣。◆seem to do sth.e.g. The boy seems to know nothing about it.  这个男孩似乎对它一无所知。◆It seems that ... 如：e.g. It seems that Mr. Zhang is at home.张先生好像在家。8.bored和boring是动词bore的两个形容词。bored表示 “感到厌烦的”，用来指人；boring表示“令人厌烦的 ”，用来指物。e.g. I am very bored.我很无聊。The TV play is boring.这部电视剧很无聊。9.decide意为“决定”，经常用句型：1) decide to do sth.  决定做某事2) decide not to do sth.  决定不做某事它的名词形式为decision, 常用句型为make a decision to do sth.。e.g.Do you decide to buy anything special?你决定去买一些特殊的东西吗？I decide not to play basketball.我决定明天不去打篮球了。10.try意为“ 尝试，努力”，既可以作为动词，也可以作为名词。常用句型为：1) try to do sth.  努力做某事2) try doing sth. 尝试做某事3) try one’s best to do sth.尽某人最大努力做某事e.g.Please try to finish the work in 30 minutes.请尽量在三十分钟内完成这项工作。Why not try riding a bike to school?为什么不试着骑车去学校呢？I will try my best to help you.我要尽我最大努力来帮助你。After a few tries they decided to give up.(作为名词“尝试”）试了几次后，他们决定放弃。11.◆feel like+从句 觉得好像是……e.g. I feel like I’m walking through the history.我感觉好像是倘佯在历史的长河中。◆feel like还可意为“觉得好像”， “想做……”。意为“想做……”时，相当于“want to do”e.g. I don’t feel like walking today.=I don’t want to walk today.今天我不太想去散步。12.wonder作及物动词，表示“想知道”、“对……感到怀疑”、“对……感到惊讶”、 “纳闷”。wonder后常跟从句。e.g. I wonder who she is.我想知道她是谁。It’s no wonder (that)...= No wonder (that)...难怪……；……不足为奇It’s no wonder that they won’t come.难怪他们不来。13.because of 意为“因为”，后跟名词或短语；because后跟句子。e.g. They didn’t go fishing because of the bad weather.(短语）=They didn’t go fishing because the weather was bad.（句子）因为天气不好所以他们没有去钓鱼。14.enough 作形容词，意为“充足的，足够的”，修饰名词时，可以位于名词之前，也可以位于名词之后。enough 作副词，意为“足够地，充足地”，修饰形容词时应置于该形容词后面来修饰。e.g. You have enough time to get there on time.(enough 作形容词)你有足够的时间按时到达那里。The house isn’t big enough for us.(enough 作副词)这个房子对我们来说不够大。