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高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 3 The internet精品当堂达标检测题
展开Unit 3 The Internet —2022-2023学年高一英语人教版(2019)必修第二册大单元“四步复习法”
第一步:单元学习目标整合
Section A | (1)Knowledge Objectives: a) Students will learn some words and phrases like chat、stream…… b) Students can understand the passage and learn more about The Internet. (2)Ability Objective: Students will be able to use different basic reading strategies like skimming and scanning correctly in their reading process. (3)Emotional Objectives: a) Students can foster the interest and desire of learning English and be fond of taking part in kinds of class activities. b) Students can learn about big change of society brought by the internet. |
Section B | (1) Knowledge Objects: a) Students will learn some words and phrases b) Students will master the the structure of the present perfect passive voice through self-study and practice (2)Ability Objective: Students can use the structure of the present perfect passive voice to express their ideas. (3)Emotional Objectives: Students can foster the interest and desire of learning English grammar. |
Section C |
Write a blog post about suggestions on protecting online safety;
View information online more critically and objectively;
Be aware of the importance of protecting online safety and being polite;
1) Skim the text and get the main idea; 2) Scan the passage and get the basic structure of the blog post.
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第二步:单元思维导图回顾知识
第三步:单元重难知识易混易错
现在完成时的被动语态
一、基本结构:
have/has been +及物动词过去分词
二.现在完成时的被动语态的形式:
(1)肯定式:主语+ have/has+ been+及物动词的过去分词+其他。
The car has been repaired. 这辆汽车已经被修理过了。
(2)否定式:主语+ have/has+ not+ been+及物动词的过去分词+其他。
The house hasn’t been cleaned for a long time. 这所房子很久没有打扫了。
(3)一般疑问式:Have/Has+主语+been+及物动词的过去分词+其他?
Has my letter been received? 你收到我的信了吗?
(4)特殊疑问式:特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+been+及物动词的过去分词+其他? How long has the car been used? 这辆汽车用了多长时间了?
三、主要用法:
1. 表示发生在过去的动作对现在产生的影响或结果,这个动作是被动的。当动词为短暂性动词的时候,可与already或yet连用,但不能与for或since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用。
This novel has been translated into several languages.
2. 还可以表示在过去发生的,已知延续到现在的并可能持续延续下去的被动动作或状态。常与for或since引导的时间状语连用,或用于“How long…?”句型中。
The machine has been used for 3 years.
3. 用在时间或条件状语从句中,表示将来某时已完成的动作,即用现在完成时态的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。
You can go home as soon as your homework has been finished.
四、注意:
1)现在完成时的被动语态的两个助动词:have/has和been 缺一不可。
2)注意与一般过去时被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去,其结果对现在没有影响;而现在完成时的被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去,但侧重说明该动作或状态对想在造成的影响或结果。 The machine has been repaired.
(说明动作发生在过去,对现在有影响,“修好了”)
The machine was repaired yesterday. (只说明动作发生在昨天)
3)不可与确定的表示过去或将来的时间状语连用(如yesterday, three days ago, in 1970,in 2050等),但可与不确定的时间状语连用(如 already,yet,just,often,recently,in the past few years等)
They have been punished recently.
4)有些动词像finish,buy,start,begin,return,join,marry,open,die等,表示的动作很短暂,我们称之为短暂性动词或非延续性动词。它们构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能够与for构成的短语,since构成的短语或引导的句子连用,也不能用于How long…?句型中。
练习
1.我们得记下我们花的每一分钱。
We have to________ ________ ________every cent we spend.
2.为了解决这个医疗问题,所有可能的方法都尝试了。(一句多译)
①Every possible means________ to solve the medical problem.
②All the possible means ________ to solve the medical problem.
3.到目前为止,外科手术已拯救了许多生命。
Up to now, many lives ______ ______ ______ by surgery.
4.生活条件已经得到改善。
Living conditions ______ ______ ______.
5.我的家庭作业已经做完了。
My homework ______ ______ ______.
6.我需要确认我的账户细节吗?(confirm)
Do I need to ________?
7.他已经重任以前的职位。
He ______ ______ ______ ______ his former post.
8.这机器是为水下使用而改装的。
This machine ______ ______ ______ ______ using underwater.
9.新冠肺炎疫情暴发以来急需大量药品。
Large amounts of medicine___________ (need) since the outbreak of COVID-19.
10.自从这些动物消耗了大量的植被以来,公园植物的数量减少了。
Since these animals consumed large amounts of vegetation, the amount of plants___________ (reduce) in the park.
参考答案:
1. keep track of
【详解】考查动词短语。分析句子,设空处置于情态动词之后,故使用动词短语作谓语。根据汉语提示,表示“记录;掌握......最新状况”用keep track of。故填keep track of。
2. has been used have been used
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。空处应填谓语动词的形式,结合句意空处应用现在完成时表过去的动作对现在产生的影响,名词means为单复数同形,作主语时谓语动词的数应由其前的修饰词决定,依据空①前限定词Every和空②前限定词All,可知空①谓语动词应用单数形式,空②谓语动词应用复数形式,means与use之间为被动关系,所以应用现在完成时的被动语态。故空①has been used ②have been used。
3. have been saved
【详解】考查动词。根据句意表示“拯救”应用动词save,与lives构成被动关系,结合up to now可知为现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been saved。
4. have been improved
【详解】考查时态语态。根据句意可知,强调对现在的影响,需要用现在完成时。主语Living conditions与谓语improve为被动关系,所以本句为现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been improved。
5. has been done
【详解】考查时态和语态。表示“做”用do;题目表达的是作业在过去某一时刻已经做完,即过去发生的动作对现在造成的结果或影响,应用现在完成时;主语是单数形式,谓语用单数形式;主语与do之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;故①has②been③done。
6.confirm my account details
【详解】考查动词不定式。根据句意和所给词可知,此处意为“确认账户细节”,表达为confirm my account details,且根据空前可知,此处为need to do sth.,故填confirm my account details。
7. has been recalled to
【详解】考查主谓一致、现在完成时的被动语态和动词。根据汉语及设空前后提示,可知此处要填入“已经重任”,结合句意,此处的动作为已经发生且产生了结果,所以时态用现在完成时。表示“重任,召回”用动词短语recall to,句子主语为he,与动词recall为动宾关系,所以现在完成时的被动语态has been recalled to,故填①has②been③recalled④to。
8. has been adapted for【详解】考查固定短语,时态,语态和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知,空格处意为“为……而改装”,表达为adapt for,机器是被改装,且根据句意可知,动作已完成,句子用现在完成时的被动语态,即have/has been adapted for,主语This machine是单数,因此空格处是has been adapted for。故填has,been,adapted,for。
9.have been needed
【详解】考查时态语态。结合since the outbreak of COVID-19可知使用现在完成时,且药品与需要为逻辑上的被动关系,主语为large amounts of medicine为复数,使用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been needed。
10.has been reduced
【详解】考查时态和语态。结合时间状语从句“Since these animals consumed large amounts of vegetation”可知主句时态是现在完成时,主语 the amount of plants和动词reduce之间是被动关系,用现在完成时的被动语态,助动词使用has。故填has been reduced。
第四步:单元核心素养对接高考
如何写与网络安全相关的博客
互联网早已成为日常生活的重要部分并深刻影响着人们的社交、自我表现、心理状况等诸多方面,因此,人们更应该重视个人信息保护等网络安全问题。本单元通过对互联网利弊的探究,针对网络安全的相关内容以博客的形式提出建议。这些建议包括人们在使用互联网时应注意的事项,并就不明智举动给予劝勉或告诫。
以相关主题写作时,要先介绍存在的问题及其不良影响,然后阐述个人观点并给出建议。在提建议时,要做到条理清楚、逻辑严密,所提建议应有较大的实际价值。另外要注意语气委婉、中肯,切忌粗鲁、生硬。
【常用表达】
1.开头句:引出问题/话题
Nowadays, ... has become a serious problem.
Recently, the problem of... has aroused people's concern.
A number of people seem to think that...
It is said that...
It is quite obvious that...
A recent survey has found that...
I am writing to express my views concerning...
2.过渡句:承上启下
I have gone through some terrible experiences online...
There are some suggestions for...
I would like to suggest/recommend that...
I think it would be more beneficial if you could...
When it comes to such a situation, I would like to suggest that you...
As to..., I suggest that you should...
3.结尾句:礼貌表达
I hope you will find these suggestions/recommendations helpful/practical/useful.
I trust you will take my suggestion into account.
I would be more than happy to see improvements in this regard.
[书面表达]
随着社会的发展和互联网的普及,许多不文明用语也在网上流传开来。假定你是李华,最近学校网站正在征集英文建议,请你就“网络不文明用语”话题写一篇英文博客,内容要点如下:
1.现状;
2.危害(损害网络环境,影响身心健康等);
3.提出建议(远离不文明用语,共创网络文明环境等)。
注意:词数80左右。
参考词汇:网络环境the Internet environment,不文明的uncivilized
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[教你审题]
本篇属于应用文,要求学生用英语写一篇博客。
第一步:根据提示确定内容要点;
第二步:根据写作要求确定关键词(词组);
第三步:根据提示要点以及关键词进行遣词造句,注意时态、语态、人称;
第四步:连句成文,注意使用恰当的过渡词、连接词,使文章衔接自然,注意书写规范。
[名师指津]
本篇作文包含了所有的要点,结构清晰,语句连续,点出了问题的严重性并提出了合理建议。
【1】交代问题产生的背景。
【2】非限制性定语从句的运用强调了网络不文明现象的恶劣影响。
【3】加强了文章的逻辑性与连贯性。
【4】分条陈述建议,使得文章结构更加清晰、内容更加完整。
【5】以祈使句表达对未来的美好愿景及倡议。
[范文展示]
With the development of society, more and more people become lost in the Internet and like chatting online. 【1】 As a result, lots of uncivilized words come into being, which does great harm to our society 【2】. On one hand 【3】, they damage the Internet environment. On the other hand 【3】, they influence teenagers' physical and mental health, which will have a bad effect on their development.
As high school students, we need to take measures to solve the problem. Firstly 【4】, we should call for our classmates and friends to keep away from uncivilized words and express our ideas politely. Secondly 【4】, we should report this problem to the government to ask for some help. Let's work together to create a better network atmosphere. 【5】
[写作训练]
假定你是李华,是某中学学生。请你根据以下倡议书的内容写一篇英文博客,谈谈作为中学生如何履行网络文明公约。
倡议书
为了创造良好的网络环境,我提倡大家文明上网,做文明网民。
1.浏览正规网站,拒绝不良信息;
2.合理安排时间,不沉迷于网络;
3.友好聊天,不侵犯他人隐私。
让我们共同携手,让网络更好地为我们的学习和生活服务。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.开头已经给出,但不计入总词数。
参考词汇:网络环境network environment,文明网民civilized netizen
Everyone,
I am Li Hua. _____________________________________________________________
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One possible version:
Everyone,
I am Li Hua. In order to create a favorable network environment, I think we should be civilized netizens. Therefore, first we should only visit regular websites and refuse harmful information. Second, we ought to make good use of our time and not to become addicted to the Internet. Third, we should be friendly to our epals and respect each other's privacy.
It is our duty to do what we can to make sure the Internet plays a positive part in our study and life.
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