2023-2024学年高三英语上学期开学适应性考试（二）（解析版）

这是一份2023-2024学年高三英语上学期开学适应性考试（二）（解析版），共20页。
2023-2024学年高三年级上学期开学适应性考试（二）
英语试题
考试时间：100分钟 满分：120分
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Forrest Gump (1994)
Forrest Gump, who is played by Tom Hanks, is a kind man with a low IQ. The film follows his entire extraordinary life. He accidentally takes part in some important moments in history without realizing it. The movie is funny and will make you feel good.
Forrest’s speech is slow and easy to understand, therefore it’s the right choice for English beginners．
The Social Network (2010)
This movie follows the story of Mark Zuckerberg, a genius Harvard student, who developed a revolutionary global social network in his dorm room. The network then has entirely changed the way we communicate with other people. Zuckerberg becomes famous and the youngest billionaire in history, but money and fame lead to personal and legal issues.
Aaron Sorkin, who has written the script (剧本), is well-known for his natural dialogues and funny lines. So the movie is enjoyable to watch and is easy to follow. You’ll find many advanced words related to computers, technology and social networks.
The Theory of Everything (2014)
This film tells the story of Stephen Hawking—one of the most famous physicists of our time. The movie is focused on his relationship with Jane Wilde and his fatal illness (ALS) diagnosed (诊断) in his early twenties．
If you love the British accent this film is the right choice for you. Many of the actors speak “the Queen’s”，which is considered upper-class, correct and clear English． The characters use difficult scientific words.
Little Women (2019)
The movie tells the story of the lives of four sisters, growing up in New England during the Civil War. It shows their feelings, dreams, illnesses, and life lessons from childhood to young adulthood. The film is based on a novel written by American novelist Louisa May Alcott and is considered an autobiographical piece.
Little Women is a great choice for English learners because of clear dialogues and the story that makes people empathize (共鸣) with their family’s feelings．
1. Which film is suitable for English beginners?
A. Forrest Gump． B. The Social Network．
C. The Theory of Everything． D. Little Women．
2. Whose true life story is the movie The Social Network based on?
A. Tom Hanks． B. Mark Zuckerberg．
C. Stephen Hawking． D. Louisa May Alcott．
3. When was the movie about four sisters story put on?
A. In 1994． B. In 2010． C. In 2014． D. In 2019．
【A篇】1. A 2. B 3. D
【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章向我们介绍了四部适合学英语的电影。
【1】细节理解题。根据Forrest Gump (1994)下面的内容“Forrest’s speech is slow and easy to understand, therefore it’s the right choice for English beginners.(Forrest的语速慢，容易理解，是英语初学者的正确选择。)”可知，《阿甘正传》这部电影适合英语初学者。故选A。
【2】细节理解题。根据The Social Network (2010)下面的内容“This movie follows the story of Mark Zuckerberg, a genius Harvard student, who developed a revolutionary global social network in his dorm room. (这部电影讲述了哈佛大学天才学生马克·扎克伯格在宿舍里开发出革命性的全球社交网络的故事。)”可知，电影《社交网络》是根据马克·扎克伯格的真实生活故事改编的。故选B。
【3】细节理解题。根据Little Women (2019)以及其下面的内容“The movie tells the story of the lives of four sisters.(这部电影讲述了四姐妹的生活故事。)”可知，关于四姐妹的电影是2019年上映的。故选D 。
【B篇】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C
【解析】
B
When you’re spending days on end in a hospital bed it’s the little things that can make all the difference. That’s what Jess Moran learned when she spent 30 days in hospital in 2014 after being diagnosed (诊断) with cancer. Every day, Moran, then 25, would receive several cards, most from her family and friends, but many from people she had never met.
Her most memorable card came from a woman she had never met—a friend’s boyfriend’s mother—who wrote inside, “You are strong, you are loved, and you will get through this.” The saying soon became Moran’s personal mantra (祈祷文) while in hospital.
“I was lucky that my family and boyfriend were there when I was in hospital, but not everyone has people visiting all the time.” says Moran, who spent more than 100 days on floor 7D at the hospital.
With that in mind, she decided to start bringing cards to other cancer patients staying at the hospital. What started as Moran and her boyfriend. Mike, writing cards has turned into something much larger, with Moran delivering approximately 1,000 “Smile Cards” to patients in the past year.
Moran delivers the cards routinely to the nurses on 7D, who read through each one to make sure they're given to appropriate patients. “The nurses really know the patients, so with them reading the cards and picking who gets what, it’s a little more personalized,” explains Moran.
“Jess is incredible, with an infectious spirit, and has managed to turn her experience into something so positive.” says Kristen Parker, RN, BSN, one of Moran's nurses on 7D. “When patients are having particularly rough days, or spending lots of time in loneliness, these cards really help to brighten their day.”
4. Whom did Jess's most memorable card come from?
A. Mike. B. A stranger. C. Her family. D. A nurse.
5. Which of the following can best describe Jess?
A. Caring and grateful. B. Successful and smart.
C. Demanding and brave. D. Enthusiastic and lovely.
6. What can we infer from Kristen Parker’s words?
A. Jess’s experience is unique. B. It is really difficult to make cards.
C Jess has got an infectious disease. D. The cards mean a lot to patients.
7. What’s the best title for the text?
A. Nurses’ Memory of Kind Patients B. A Woman’s Story of Defeating Cancer
C. “Smile Cards” Bring Inspiration to Others D. Personal Mantra Cures a Patient’s Disease
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了癌症患者Jess Moran收到鼓励的卡片，而后她和家人也开始向患者赠送笑脸卡片，给他们带去微笑和力量的故事。
【4】细节理解题。根据第二段“Her most memorable card came from a woman she had never met—a friend’s boyfriend’s mother (她最难忘的卡片来自一个她从未见过的女人——一个朋友的男朋友的母亲)”可知，杰茜最难忘的卡片是一个陌生人送的。故选B。
【5】推理判断题。根据第三段“I was lucky that my family and boyfriend were there when I was in hospital, but not everyone has people visiting all the time. (我很幸运，在我住院的时候，我的家人和男朋友都在那里，但不是每个人都有人一直来看我。)”可知，Jess是感恩的，根据第四段“With that in mind, she decided to start bringing cards to other cancer patients staying at the hospital.(考虑到这一点，她决定开始给住在医院的其他癌症患者带去卡片。)”可知，Jess是关爱他人的。故选A。
【6】推理判断题。根据最后一段“When patients are having particularly rough days, or spending lots of time in loneliness, these cards really help to brighten their day. (当病人度过特别艰难的日子，或在孤独中度过大量时间时，这些卡片真的有助于照亮他们的一天。)”可知，这些卡片对病人意义重大。故选D。
【7】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“When patients are having particularly rough days, or spending lots of time in loneliness, these cards really help to brighten their day. (当病人度过特别艰难的日子，或在孤独中度过大量时间时，这些卡片真的有助于照亮他们的一天。)”及全文可知，文章讲述了癌症患者Jess Moran收到鼓励的卡片，而后她和家人也开始向患者赠送笑脸卡片，给他们带去微笑和力量的故事。所以选择项C““Smile Cards” Bring Inspiration to Others(“微笑卡”给他人带来鼓舞)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。
C
Jeremiah Thoronka was born in the fighting of the Sierra Leone civil war and grew up in the gutter (贫民窟) on the suburbs of the capital Freetown, having to burn wood for lighting and heating. Jeremiah saw with his own eyes how, in addition to the smog making breathing problems common, his young contemporaries fell behind in their schoolwork because of a lack of decent lighting.
Energy poverty is a major issue in Sierra Leone—with just 26% of the population having access to electricity. In rural parts of the country, only 6% of people have electricity access, most of whom turn to solar lanterns and dry-cell batteries. As a result, it’s led to the destruction of forests as people cut down trees for firewood, which leaves Sierra Leone highly sensitive to extreme events like flooding and landslides. Families’ reliance on firewood also leads to frequent house fires.
These life-threatening disadvantages and hardships fuelled Jeremiah’s passion for renewable energy and climate change advocacy. At 17, when studying at the African Leadership University in Rwanda, he launched a start-up called Optim Energy that transforms vibrations (震动) from vehicles and footfall on roads into an electric current. It is different from established renewable energy sources including wind or solar because it generates power without relying on changeable weather.
Optim Energy ran a successful pilot program in Jeremiah’s neighbourhoods, Makawo in the northern part of Sierra Leone and Kuntoluh east of Freetown. With just two devices, the start-up provided free electricity to 150 households comprising around 1,500 citizens, as well as 15 schools where more than 9,000 students attend.
Jeremiah is currently developing plans to expand into the healthcare field, which needs power to cool medicines and create enough light for treating patients after dark.
8. What affected the young fellows’ academic performance?
A. The war. B. The smog.
C. The poor lighting. D. The breathing problem.
9. What can we learn about “energy poverty” from paragraph 2?
A. It is caused by solar lanterns and dry-cell batteries.
B. It has a worse impact on the city area.
C. It brings about the destruction of forests.
D. It increases the risk of forest fires.
10. What is special about Optim Energy?
A. It draws on vibrations to make electricity.
B. It upgrades the use of solar energy.
C. It runs a pilot program throughout the city.
D. It helps 9,000 students return to school.
11. What message does the text want to convey?
A. Electricity is the lifeblood of the city.
B. Whoever is happy will make others happy too.
C. Life is either a daring adventure or nothing at all.
D. We are all in the gutter, but some are making it better.
【C篇】8. C 9. C 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在贫民窟里长大的Jeremiah Thoronka看到人们因为能源匮乏而生活艰辛，发明了将车辆和道路上的行人产生的振动转化为电流的设备。
【8】细节理解题。根据第一段“Jeremiah saw with his own eyes how, in addition to the smog making breathing problems common, his young contemporaries fell behind in their schoolwork because of a lack of decent lighting.( Jeremiah亲眼看到，除了烟雾使呼吸问题变得常见之外，他的同龄人由于缺乏良好的照明而在学业上落后)”可知，光线太差影响了这些年轻人的学习成绩。故选C。
【9】细节理解题。根据第二段“In rural parts of the country, only 6% of people have electricity access, most of whom turn to solar lanterns and dry-cell batteries. As a result, it’s led to the destruction of forests as people cut down trees for firewood, which leaves Sierra Leone highly sensitive to extreme events like flooding and landslides.(在该国的农村地区，只有6%的人能用上电，其中大多数人使用太阳能灯和干电池。因此，它导致了森林的破坏，因为人们砍伐树木作为柴火，这使得塞拉利昂对洪水和山体滑坡等极端事件高度敏感)”可知，“能源贫困”带来了森林的破坏。故选C。
【10】细节理解题。根据第三段“At 17, when studying at the African Leadership University in Rwanda, he launched a start-up called Optim Energy that transforms vibrations (震动) from vehicles and footfall on roads into an electric current.(17岁时，他在卢旺达的非洲领导大学学习，创办了一家名为Optim Energy的初创公司，将车辆和道路上的行人产生的振动转化为电流)”可知，Optim Energy特别之处是可以利用它振动来发电。故选A。
【11】推理判断题。根据第一段“Jeremiah Thoronka was born in the fighting of the Sierra Leone civil war and grew up in the gutter (贫民窟) on the suburbs of the capital Freetown, having to burn wood for lighting and heating. Jeremiah saw with his own eyes how, in addition to the smog making breathing problems common, his young contemporaries fell behind in their schoolwork because of a lack of decent lighting.(Jeremiah Thoronka出生在塞拉利昂内战期间，在首都弗里敦郊区贫民窟里长大，不得不烧木头来照明和取暖。Jeremiah看到，除了烟雾使呼吸问题变得常见之外，他的同龄人由于缺乏良好的照明而在学业上落后)”结合文章主要讲述了在贫民窟里长大的Jeremiah Thoronka看到人们因为能源匮乏而生活艰辛，发明了将车辆和道路上的行人产生的振动转化为电流的设备。可推知，文章想要传达的信息是：我们都生活在贫民窟里，但有些人正在让它变得更好。故选D。
D
A recent paper describes bees rolling tiny wooden balls, not for a reward, but apparently just for fun. This discovery emphasizes a long-standing conflict in our view of animals. On the one hand, we want to find the features that distinguish humans from other animals: tools, language and a theory of mind. On the other hand, we delight in finding animals that break those boundaries: chimps, crows and now bees that use tools, dolphins with signature whistles. But what do those boundaries mean?
As a biologist who studies animal behavior, I am puzzled by this effort to rank animals by their capabilities. I applaud the desire to show that animals are like us, but we can recognize animals for what they are, and be amazed at their abilities, without having to make their behavior mirror that of humans.
Once we get out from the assumption that animals have to be like people with human motivations and feelings, we are freed up to consider the mechanisms (机理) behind the behaviors. For example, the same serotonin (血清素) influences anxiety in humans and maze (迷宫) exploration in crayfish. In a tank divided into well-lit and shadowy areas, crayfish explore both, but prefer the darker areas, consistent with their night lifestyle.
Does this mean crayfish experience anxiety? No. In the bees’ case, they might be exhibiting some very interesting behavior that has nothing to do with wanting to “have fun”—but we will never examine it if we simply assume they are playing just like people. I am not disparaging the bee researchers’ conclusions, and I am not trying to be a killjoy, but there is something about all this humanizing that prevent exploration, instead of encouraging it.
12. What’s the purpose of paragraph 1?
A. To list out facts. B. To raise an argument.
C. To arouse readers’ interest. D. To explain a concept.
13. What can we learn from paragraph 3?
A. Behavior mechanisms work. B. Crayfish prefer the light sections.
C. The assumption proves reasonable. D. Animals are similar to human in mind.
14. What does the underlined word “disparaging” mean in paragraph 4?
A. Criticizing. B. Explaining.
C. Confirming. D. Acknowledging.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Feelings: Guiding Human Being B. Boundaries: Making No Sense
C. Humanizing: Covering the Truth D. Animals: Mirroring Human Behaviours
【D篇】12. B 13. A 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲的是作者赞赏展示动物和我们一样的愿望，但我们可以认识动物的本来面目，并对它们的能力感到惊讶，而不必把它们的行为模仿成人类的行为，一旦我们摆脱了动物必须像人类一样具有人类动机和情感的假设，我们就可以自由地考虑行为背后的机制。
【12】推理判断题。根据第一段的“A recent paper describes bees rolling tiny wooden balls, not for a reward, but apparently just for fun. This discovery emphasizes a long-standing conflict in our view of animals.(最近的一篇论文描述了蜜蜂滚动小木球，不是为了奖励，而显然只是为了好玩。这一发现强调了我们对动物的看法中一个长期存在的冲突。)”可推知，第一段的目的是提出论点——我们对动物的看法中一个长期存在的冲突。故选B。
【13】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Once we get out from the assumption that animals have to be like people with human motivations and feelings, we are freed up to consider the mechanisms (机理) behind the behaviours. For example, the same serotonin (血清素) influences anxiety in humans and maze (迷宫) exploration in crayfish. In a tank divided into well-lit and shadowy areas, crayfish explore both, but prefer the darker areas, consistent with their night lifestyle.(一旦我们摆脱了动物必须像人类一样具有人类动机和情感的假设，我们就可以自由地考虑行为背后的机制。例如，同样的血清素影响人类的焦虑和小龙虾的迷宫探索。在一个被分成光线充足和阴暗的区域的水箱里，小龙虾会在两个区域都探索，但更喜欢黑暗的区域，这与它们的夜间生活方式一致。)”可知，我们可以从第三段中了解到行为机制起作用。故选A。
【14】词句猜测题。根据最后一段的“In the bees’ case, they might be exhibiting some very interesting behaviour that has nothing to do with wanting to “have fun”—but we will never examine it if we simply assume they are playing just like people.(在蜜蜂的例子中，它们可能会表现出一些非常有趣的行为，这些行为与想要“玩得开心”无关——但如果我们简单地假设它们像人一样玩耍，我们就永远不会研究它。)”和“and I am not trying to be a killjoy, but there is something about all this humanizing that prevent exploration, instead of encouraging it(我并不想扫兴，但所有这些人性化的东西阻碍了探索，而不是鼓励探索)”可知，作者在此声明的是自己并不是在贬低蜜蜂研究人员的结论，也不是想要扫兴，因此划线词disparaging的意思是“贬低，诋毁”，和criticizing意思相近，故选A。
【15】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的“As a biologist who studies animal behaviour, I am puzzled by this effort to rank animals by their capabilities. I applaud the desire to show that animals are like us, but we can recognize animals for what they are, and be amazed at their abilities, without having to make their behaviour mirror that of humans.(作为一名研究动物行为的生物学家，我对这种按能力给动物排序的做法感到困惑。我赞赏展示动物和我们一样的愿望，但我们可以认识动物的本来面目，并对它们的能力感到惊讶，而不必把它们的行为模仿成人类的行为。)”和第三段的“Once we get out from the assumption that animals have to be like people with human motivations and feelings, we are freed up to consider the mechanisms (机理) behind the behaviours.(一旦我们摆脱了动物必须像人类一样具有人类动机和情感的假设，我们就可以自由地考虑行为背后的机制。)”可知，本文主要讲的是作者赞赏展示动物和我们一样的愿望，但我们可以认识动物的本来面目，并对它们的能力感到惊讶，而不必把它们的行为模仿成人类的行为，一旦我们摆脱了动物必须像人类一样具有人类动机和情感的假设，我们就可以自由地考虑行为背后的机制，也就是说动物的人性化掩盖了关于它们的行为，因此最好的标题是C选项“Humanizing: Covering the Truth(人性化：掩盖真相)”，故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Anyone who has an idea worth sharing is capable of giving a powerful talk. The only thing that truly matters in public speaking is not confidence, stage presence, or smooth talking.___16___
I am using the word “idea” quite broadly here. It doesn’t have to be a scientific breakthrough, a genius invention, or a complex legal theory. ___17___Or a human insight illustrated with the power of a story. Or a beautiful image that has meaning. Or an event you wish might happen in the future. Or perhaps just a reminder of what matters most in life.
An idea is anything that can change how people see the world. If you can create a great idea in people’s minds, you have done something amazing. You have given them a gift of incalculable value.___18___
But, more likely, you have far more in you worth sharing than you’re even aware of. You don’t have to have invented something. You’ve led a life that is yours and yours only.___19___There are insights to be drawn from some of those experiences that are absolutely worth sharing. You just have to figure out which ones.
___20___You’ve invented nothing. You’re not particularly creative. You don’t see yourself as super-intelligent. You don’t have any particularly brilliant ideas about the future. You’re not even sure there’s anything you’re super-passionate about.
Well, I grant you, that’s a tough starting point. To be worth an audience’s time, most talks require grounding in something that has some depth. It’s theoretically possible that the best thing you can do for now is to continue your journey, and search for something that really does grab you and make you want to go deep.
A. Everything is hard at first.
B. It can be a simple how-to.
C. It’s having something worth saying.
D. You need to have confidence in yourself.
E. There are experiences you’ve had that are unique to you.
F. In a very real sense, a little piece of you has become part of them.
G. You may feel that you’ve done nothing that would be worth giving a talk about.
【七选五】16. C 17. B 18. F 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述怎样用自己的想法表达，怎样做演讲。
【16】根据上文“Anyone who has an idea worth sharing is capable of giving a powerful talk. The only thing that truly matters in public speaking is not confidence, stage presence, or smooth talking. (任何有值得分享的想法的人都有能力发表强有力的演讲。在公众演讲中，唯一真正重要的不是自信、舞台表现或流利的语言。)”可知下文应该是在公众演讲中重要的是什么，C选项“有值得说的话”符合题意，指出在公众演讲中有值得说的话才是重要的。故选C。
【17】根据上文“I am using the word “idea” quite broadly here. It doesn’t have to be a scientific breakthrough, a genius invention, or a complex legal theory. (我在这里用的“想法”这个词比较宽泛。它不必是一个科学突破，一个天才的发明，或一个复杂的法律理论。)”和下文“Or a human insight illustrated with the power of a story. Or a beautiful image that has meaning. Or an event you wish might happen in the future. Or perhaps just a reminder of what matters most in life.(或者用故事的力量诠释人类的洞察力。或者是有意义的美丽图像。或者是你希望将来发生的事情。或者只是提醒你生命中最重要的是什么。)”可推断设空中应是关于你要研究的内容不必是什么复杂高深的，一个简单的东西就可以。B选项“它可以是一个简单的操作。”符合语境，故选B。
【18】根据上文“An idea is anything that can change how people see the world. If you can create a great idea in people’s minds, you have done something amazing. You have given them a gift of incalculable value. (想法是任何可以改变人们如何看待世界的东西。如果你能在人们的脑海中创造一个伟大的想法，你已经做了一件了不起的事情。你给了他们一份价值无法估量的礼物。)”可推断下文应该和你的想法能给别人带来什么样的价值有关，F选项“在非常真实的意义上，你的一小部分已经成为他们的一部分。”符合题意，故选F。
【19】根据上文“But, more likely, you have far more in you worth sharing than you're even aware of. You don’t have to have invented something. You’ve led a life that is yours and yours only. (但是，更有可能的是，你身上值得分享的东西比你意识到的要多得多。你不需要发明什么东西。你的生活是你的，只属于你。)”可推断本段主要讲你身上的东西只属于你自己，你的某些经历是独一无二的。所以E选项“有些经历对你来说是独一无二的。”紧扣本段的主题，和上文连接紧密，故选E。
【20】根据下文“You’ve invented nothing. You’re not particularly creative. You don’t see yourself as super-intelligent. You don’t have any particularly brilliant ideas about the future. You’re not even sure there’s anything you’re super-passionate about. (你什么也没发明。你不是特别有创造力。你不认为自己超级聪明。你对未来没有什么特别好的想法。你甚至不确定有没有什么是你特别热爱的。)”可知，有时人们会觉得自己没有什么可讲的，因为既没有什么发明，也没不聪明，更没有什么热爱的东西，G选项“你可能会觉得你没有做什么值得发表演讲的事情。”符合本段主旨，故选G。

第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
As the train picked up its speed, the passengers slowly settled down on their seats, I 21 the lower berth（铺位），so that I could enjoy the 22 of outside from the moving train. I don't know why I always preferred to get the 23 seat. An elderly lady 24 the front seat of mine. I looked at her. She must be in her eighties, I guessed. At one point, we met our 25 -She smiled at me and I gave her a response. Both of us were 26 .By that time, the train was in its full speed.
It was 7：00 pm, evening time. So, 27 time was still in a long way, 1 couldn't 28 myself any longer and asked, “Auntie! Where are you going?”
She looked at me and friendly said,“ 29 camp, dear.”
Suddenly my enthusiasm 30 to know the reason. I politely said “Auntie,you are 31 someone?” She smiled and said,“Yes!”
Just to continue the conversation, I talked to her in a very cheerful_32 .“Auntie,you must be feeling so 33 to see your child and your grandchildren.”
34 ，this question hurt her a little but boldly（大胆地）she answered，“Oh，dear！ You are so sweet！ Anyway, I had only one son who was 35 and was killed in a battle just a few days before. I bought so many new clothes for him. So, I thought why not 36 my son's clothes for some other soldiers, so that I would control my 37 and would be happy thinking that my own son has 38 it.”
I was shocked hearing her heartbreaking story! But I 39 the old lady from the core of my heart. I was thinking of her 40 heart!
21.A.preferred B.reserved C.overlooked D.substituted
22.A.beauty B.fantasy C.impression D.miracle
23.A.back B.front C.window D.best
24.A.undertook B.occupied C.controlled D.possessed
25.A.heads B.hands C.faces D.eyes
26.A.silent B.amazed C.considerate D.concerned
27.A.supper B.bed C.play D.chat
28.A.balance B.commit C.excuse D.resist
29.A.City B.Neighborhood C.School D.Army
30.A.shrank B.changed C.doubled D.chanced
31.A.mourning B.visiting C.hunting for D.thinking about
32.A.mood B.rhythm C.condition D.situation
33.A.curious B.tentative C.excited D.sincere
34.A.However B. Fventuallv C Honefullv D Perhaps
35.A.cast away B.called up C.picked up D.brought in
36.A.distribute B.spare C.collect D.weave
37.A.disappointment B.embarrassment C.sorrow D.delight
38.A.worn B.polished C. dyed D. admired
39.A.saluted B.recognized C.understood D.memorized
40.A.broken B.fascinating C.stubborn D.brave
【完形填空】21—25 BACBD 26—30 ABDDC 31—35 BACDB 36—40 BCAAD
［语篇解读」本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在火车上通过交谈了解到一个八十多岁的老太太忍着丧子之痛，去军营把儿子生前的衣服分给他的战友穿，她的坚强与勇敢让作者深感敬佩。
21．解析：选B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我预订了下铺，以便在开动的火车上欣赏窗外的美景。A.preferred偏爱；B.reserved 预订；C.overlooked 忽略；D.substituted 代替。上文说我是在乘火车出行，自然是预订了铺位。
22．解析：选A 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A．beauty 美丽；B.fantasy 幻想；C.impression 印象；D.miracle奇迹。根据空后的“of outside from the moving train”可知，我预订了下铺是为了欣赏窗外的美景。
23．解析：选C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不知道为什么我总是喜欢靠窗的座位。A.back后面；B.front 前面；C.window窗子；D.best最好。上文说我想欣赏窗外的美景，因此我自然是喜欢靠窗的位置。
24．解析：选B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位老太太坐在我的前排座位上。A.undertook 承担；B.occupied 占据；C. controlled 控制；D.possessed 拥有。根据下文我与这位老太太对话的情节可知，她坐在我的前面。
25．解析：选D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们目光相遇的那一刻，她对我微笑示意，我也用微笑回应她。A.heads头；B.hands 手；C.faces 脸；D.eyes眼睛。根据空后的“She smiled at me and I gave her a response.”可知，此处指我们的目光相遇了。
26．解析：选A考查形容词词义辨析。句意：（接下来的一段时间）我们两个都沉默不语。A.silent 沉默的；B.amazed 惊愕的；C.considerate体贴的；D.concerned 关心的。简单的微笑示意过后，我们都没再交流。
27．解析：选B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是下午4：50，还有很长时间才睡觉，我再也忍不住了，问：“阿姨，你要去哪里？”A.supper晚饭；B.bed就寝；C.play 游戏；D.chat 聊天。时间尚早，我还得过很长时间才能睡觉。
28．解析：选D 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上，A．balance平衡；B.commit把······交托给；C.excuse原谅；D.resist 忍住； 抵制。我们一直没有说话，根据空后的问句可知，我终于忍不住和她说话了。
29．解析：选D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她看着我，友好地说：“我去军营，孩子。”A.City城市；B.Neighborhood 附近；C. School 学校；D.Army军队。根据下文情节可知，这个老太太的儿子是一名士兵，所以她去军营。
30．解析：选C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的热情突然高涨起来，想知道原因。A.shrank缩小；B.accelerated加速；C. doubled两倍；D.chanced冒险。根据空后我继续发问的情节可知，我的热情倍增，想知道她去军营做什么。
31．解析：选B 考查动词（短语）辨析。句意：我礼貌地问：“阿姨，您是来探亲的吧？”A.mourning 哀悼；B.visiting拜访，看望；C.hunting for 寻找；D.thinking about 考虑。根据常识可知，去军营的人一般都是探望亲人。
32．解析：选A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了让对话得以继续，我兴冲冲地说：“阿姨，你一定很高兴见到你的儿子和孙子”。A.mood 情绪；B.rhythm节奏；C.condition条件；D. situation 形势。为了让对话得以继续，我肯定是兴冲冲地和她说话。
33．解析：选C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A．curious好奇的；B.tentalive 踌躇的；C.excited 高兴的，兴奋的；D.sincere真诚的。根据常识可知，看到自己的儿子和孙子应该是非常高兴的。
34．解析：选D 考查副词词义辨析。句意：也许这个问题使她有点伤心，但她还是勇敢地回答说：“哦，孩子！你真好！我唯一的儿子被征召入伍，几天前在一场战斗中牺牲了。”A.However 然而；B.Eventually最终；C.Hopefully有希望地；D. Perhaps 也许。我不明情况，所以我的问题可能伤到了她。
35．解析：选B 考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A．cast away 丢掉；B.called up 征召；C.picked up 捡起；D.brought in引进。根据空后的“and was killed in a battle”可知，她唯一的儿子被征召入伍，在一场战斗中牺牲了。
36．解析：选B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想，为什么不把我儿子的衣服分给别的士兵穿呢？这样，我就可以控制自己的悲伤，想到自己的儿子已经穿上了，我就会很高兴。A.distribute 分配；B.spare分给；C.collect收集；D.weave编织。她的儿子已经牺牲了，没有机会穿这些衣服了，所以她想把衣服分给儿子的战友穿。
37．解析：选C 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A．disappointment 失望；B.embarrassment 尴尬；C.sorrow 悲伤； D.delight 高兴。她想通过把儿子生前的衣服分给他的战友穿来控制自己的丧子之痛。
38．解析：选A 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A．worn穿；B．polished 擦亮；C.dyed 染色；D.worshiped 崇拜。她想把儿子生前的衣服分给他的战友，自然是要他们穿上。
39．解析：选A考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我从心底向这位老太太致敬，她有一颗勇敢的心！A.saluted致敬；B.recognized 认出；C.understood 理解；D.memorized 记住。这位老太太忍着丧子之痛把儿子生前的衣服分给他的战友穿，她的坚强与勇敢让我感到敬佩。
40．解析：选D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A．broken破碎的；B.fascinating迷人的；C.stubborn 固执的；D.brave 勇敢的 根据上文的讲述可知，这位老太太是非常勇敢的。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词，或括号内单词的正确形式。
Wangdao, a biographical film about Chen Wangdao (1891 — 1977), was first shown at Fudan University on Mar 24, 2023. “Wang Dao” is not only the name of Chen but also means ____41___(insist) on the path of truth.
The film follows the life of Chen Wangdao. It shows how Chen ___42____(translate) the masterpiece The Communist Manifesto ____43____ how a group of passionate people struggled for their dreams. It ___44____(vivid) presents a scene in which Chen was so absorbed in his translation that he made ____45____ amusing mistake. His mother put a Zongzi with a bowl containing brown sugar on his desk. Moments later, his lips ____46____(cover) in ink (墨水) as he had dipped (蘸) the Zongzi into his ink. His mother jokingly asked ____47____(he) whether the sugar was sweet, and he said, “Yes, it is sweet enough.”
At 29, Chen finished the translation, ____48___ laid the foundation for the establishment of the Communist Party of China in 1921 and inspired many people ____49____(take) part in revolution (革命).
“The university decided to make the film to promote the noble character of our late head master, Chen Wangdao, and we hope his _____50_____(pursue) for a bright future of China can continue to inspire the young people,” said Qiu Xin, Party Chief of Fudan University.
41. insisting 42. translated 43. and 44. vividly 45. an
46. were covered 47. him 48. which 49. to take 50. pursuit
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了复旦大学制作的电影《望道》，该电影讲述了学者陈望道追求真理的一生，展现了他高尚的品格。
【41】考查非谓语动词。句意：“望道”不仅是陈先生的名字，还意味着坚持真理的道路。分析句子可知，空处作means的宾语，需用insist的动名词形式insisting。故填insisting。
【42】考查时态。句意：它展示了陈先生如何翻译名著《共产党宣言》，以及一群充满激情的人如何为自己的梦想而奋斗。电影中展现的是陈先生的人生，发生在过去，how引导的宾语从句应用一般过去时，空处作宾语从句的谓语，应用translate的过去式translated。故填translated。
【43】考查连词。句意：它展示了陈先生如何翻译名著《共产党宣言》，以及一群充满激情的人如何为自己的梦想而奋斗。分析句子可知，前后两个how分别引导名词性从句作shows的宾语，从句之间是并列关系，空处应用连词and进行连接。故填and。
【44】考查副词。句意：它生动地呈现了陈先生全神贯注于翻译而犯了一个有趣错误的一幕。分析句子可知，空处修饰谓语动词presents，作状语，应用vivid的副词形式vividly，意为“生动地”。故填vividly。
【45】考查冠词。句意：它生动地呈现了陈先生全神贯注于翻译而犯了一个有趣错误的一幕。分析句子可知，空处表示泛指，意为“一个”，应用不定冠词，且amusing以辅音音素开头，应用an。故填an。
【46】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：过了一会儿，他把粽子浸在墨水里，嘴唇上沾满了墨水。分析句子可知，空处作主句的谓语动词，句子在叙述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，cover和主语his lips之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语是复数，be动词需用were。故填were covered。
【47】考查代词。句意：他妈妈开玩笑地问他糖甜不甜，他说:“是的，够甜了。”分析句子可知，空处作asked的宾语，应用he的宾格形式him。故填him。
【48】考查定语从句。句意：29岁时，陈先生完成了翻译，这为1921年中国共产党的成立奠定了基础，并激励了许多人参加革命。分析句子可知，空处需引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词translation作补充说明，且从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
【49】考查非谓语动词。句意：29岁时，陈先生完成了翻译，这为1921年中国共产党的成立奠定了基础，并激励了许多人参加革命。根据“inspired many people”可知，此处用固定短语inspire sb. to do sth.，意为“激励某人做……”，空处应用take的不定式形式to take。故填to take。
【50】考查名词。句意：学校决定制作这部电影来宣传我们已故校长陈望道的高尚品格，我们希望他对中国美好未来的追求能继续激励年轻人。分析句子可知，空处被his修饰，作hope的宾语从句中的主语，应用pursue的名词形式pursuit，意为“追求”，是不可数名词。故填pursuit。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意： 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Our class recently had a heated discussion about whether to help strangers in trouble. There are two opinions. Some thought we’d try to help them. Helping others is helping us. We may get into several similar situation where we need help some day. If everyone is unwilling to help us, you can imagine what enjoyable our life will be! However, others disagreed. From the news over the years, there were some kind people who had charged and even had to pay much money just because of they helped strangers.
Personally, we should try our best to help those with need. Meanwhile, we also need to take measures to protect ourselves, such as take photos and finding witnesses on the spot.
【详解】
1．考查时态。句意：有些人认为我们会尽力帮助他们。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为some，谓语用原形。故thought改为think。
2．考查反身代词。句意：帮助他人就是帮助我们自己。此处指“我们自己”应用反身代词ourselves。故us改为ourselves。
3．考查名词单复数。句意：我们可能会遇到一些类似的情况，我们需要帮助的一天。situation为可数名词，由several修饰应用复数形式。故situation改为situations。
4．考查形容词。句意：如果每个人都愿意帮助我们，你可以想象我们的生活将是多么愉快！根据句意，如果每个人都愿意帮我们，应用形容词willing。故unwilling改为willing。
5．考查感叹句。句意：如果每个人都愿意帮助我们，你可以想象我们的生活将是多么愉快！此处为感叹句，感叹形容词enjoyable应用how。故what改为how。
6．考查时态。句意：然而，其他人不同意。此处为一般现在时，主语为others，谓语用原形。故disagreed改为disagree。
7．考查语态。句意：从过去几年的新闻中，有一些善良的人被指控，甚至不得不支付很多钱，只是因为他们帮助了陌生人。主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合上文had可知为过去完成时的被动语态。故charged前加been。
8．考查介词。句意：从过去几年的新闻中，有一些善良的人被指控，甚至不得不支付很多钱，只是因为他们帮助了陌生人。后面是从句，不需要of。故because of 中去掉of。
9．考查固定搭配。句意：就我个人而言，我们应该尽力帮助那些有困难的人。短语in need表示“在困难中”。故with改为in。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：同时，我们也需要采取措施来保护自己，比如拍照和现场寻找目击者。such as后两个并列的动名词结构。故take改为taking。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是李华，你班近期开展了以What makes a good teenager in the NewEra？为题的讨论。请你就此写一篇短文向英文校刊投稿，内容包括：
1．讨论结果；
2．你的观点。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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One possible version:
What makes a good teenager in the New Era?
To thoroughly understand what makes a good teenager in the New Era, students in our class held a discussion about the subject.
Firstly,most students agree that a good teenager in the New Era should devote himself to study. Secondly,many students consider it necessary to be positive and kind and a teenager possessing the two qualities always respects the aged and loves the young. Last but not least, a good teenager in the New Era should be faithful to the country and people, which is the basic principle.
In my opinion, apart from what is mentioned by my classmates,physical and mental health is of equal importance to a good teenager in the New Era.
作文评分标准
1．本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。
2．评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。
3．词数少于80和多于120的，从总分中减去2分。
4．评分时，应注意的主要内容为：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的数量和准确性、上下文的连贯性及语言的得体性。
5．拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。
6．如因书写较差而影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。
7．内容要点可用不同方式表达，对紧扣主题的适当发挥不予扣分。
【各档次的给分范围和要求】
第五档（很好）：（21-25分）
1．完全完成了试题规定的任务。
2．覆盖所有内容要点。
3．应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。
4．语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致；具备较强的语言运用能力。
5．有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。
6．完全达到了预期的写作目的。
第四档（好）：（16-20分）
1．完全完成了试题规定的任务。
2．虽漏掉1、2个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容。
3．应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。
4．语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致。
5．应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。
6．达到了预期的写作目的。
第三档（适当）：（11-15分）
1．基本完成了试题规定的任务。
2．虽漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有主要内容。
3．应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。
4．有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。
5．应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文内容连贯。
6．整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。
第二档（较差）：（6-10分）
1．未恰当完成试题规定的任务。
2．漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容。
3．语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。
4．有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。
5．较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。
6．信息未能清楚地传达给读者。
第一档（差）：（1-5分）
1．未完成试题规定的任务。
2．明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未理解试题要求。
3．语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。
4．较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解。
5．缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。
6．信息未能传达给读者。
不得分：（0分）
未能传达给读者任何信息；内容太少，无法评判；写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。