英语必修 第三册Unit 6 Disaster and hope学案

Section Ⅳ　Writing——如何写自然灾害安全指南

Step Ⅰ　文本研读

Ⅰ.框架建构：整体理解

1．____________________ can increase our chances of survival when the disaster strikes.

2．Safety guidelines tell us ________________ in the face of disaster.

Ⅱ.文本剖析：特色表达

Step Ⅱ　知识点

1．sufficient adj.足够的，充足的

Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is reluctant to invest in sufficient training for his staff.

虽然宾馆的服务很差，但经理仍然不愿意投资对员工进行充分的培训。

[归纳探究]

be sufficient to do sth.    足以做某事

be sufficient for    对……来说足够

sufficient experience    足够的经验

[单词积累]　

sufficiently adv.足够地

[即学即练]　单句语法填空

The money is not sufficient ________ (cover) everything that needs doing.

2.shelter n．[U]庇护，掩蔽；[C]掩蔽处，避身处

She couldn't understand why some people had to live their lives without shelter or enough food.

她不明白为什么有些人不得不在没有住所和足够食物的情况下生活。

[归纳探究]

(1)take shelter (from)    躲避(……)

give sb. a shelter    庇护某人

seek shelter (from...)    寻求庇护(以躲避……)

(2)provide food and shelter for    为……提供食物和住所

under the shelter of    在……庇护下

[联想拓展]　shelter还可用作动词，意为“保护；为……提供庇护处”

shelter...from...保护……以躲避……

[即学即练]　完成句子/单句语法填空

①他所做的第一件事就是找个地方躲避寒风和大雪。

The first thing he did was to ________________ the freezing wind and snow.

②We sat in the shade, ________ (shelter) from the sun.

③Trees were planted to shelter this area ________ strong sand storms.

Step Ⅲ　Writing safety guidelines

[文体介绍]

自然灾害安全指南的目的是提高读者在自然灾害中的生存概率，语言多明白简洁，以便读者更容易理解；安全指南的篇章结构应清晰明了，写作时多用简单句和祈使句。

[篇章结构]

写自然灾害安全指南主要从以下两个方面展开：

Part 1: What is the disaster?

Part 2: How to survive the disaster?

①Things to do before the disaster

②Things to do during the disaster

③Things not to do during the disaster

[常用表达]

Try to...试图……

Do not...不要……

Make sure you have...确保你有……

You'd better...你最好……

Stay away from...远离……

The first thing to do is...首先要做的是……

Remember (not) to do...记住(不)要做……

It's important (not) to...(不)……很重要

❶Natural disasters frequently take place on the earth.地球上经常发生自然灾害。

❷Knowing what to do during an earthquake helps greatly reduce the damage.在地震发生时了解应该做什么能够很大程度上减少损失。

❸When earthquake occurs, you are supposed to run down stairs instead of taking a lift.

当地震发生时，你应该跑下楼梯而不是乘坐电梯。

❹Make sure to keep calm and do not shout when facing the disaster.

面对灾难，要保持冷静，不要大喊大叫。

❺As long as we can keep the tips in mind, we can increase the chances of surviving the disaster.

只要我们能记住这些窍门，我们就更有可能在灾难中幸存下来。

[实践应用]

假如你是李华，在“国际减轻自然灾害日”到来之际，学校英文版校报正在征集关于“地震逃生知识”的稿件，请你写一篇地震安全指南并投稿。要点包括：

1．背景及目的；2.具体建议。

第一步　布局谋篇

第二步　遣词造句

完成句子

1．待在安全的地方，不要匆忙地乱跑。

Stay at a safe place and do not run ____________________________．

2．如果在房间里，你应该藏在牢固的东西下面，如桌子或者床下面。

________________________， you should hide yourself under something hard, such as a table or even a bed.

3．如果你在户外，找一个空旷的地方，不要靠近汽车或水塘。

If you are in the open air, _____________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________.

4．绝对不要乘电梯下楼。

________________ to go downstairs.

5．地震很强大，如果我们有战胜它们的信念，永不放弃，我们一定能够克服任何困难。

The earthquakes are strong; __________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________.

句式升级

6．用省略句改写句2和句3。

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

7．用让步状语从句改写句5。

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

第三步　完美成篇

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

Section Ⅳ　Writing——如何写自然灾害安全指南

写作精析·技能提升

Step Ⅰ　文本研读

Ⅰ.框架建构：整体理解

1．Being prepared　2.what to do

Ⅱ.文本剖析：特色表达

1．food and clean water　2.high　3.floodwater

Step Ⅱ　知识点

1．to cover

2．①find shelter from　②sheltering　③from

Step Ⅲ　Writing safety guidelines

第二步

1．in a hurry

2．If you are in the room

3．find an open place and never get close to cars or waterside

4．Never take a lift

5．if we have the belief to defeat them and never give up, we will be able to overcome any difficulties

6．If in the room, you should hide yourself under something hard, such as a table or even a bed. If in the open air, find an open place and never get close to cars or waterside.

7．No matter how strong the earthquakes are, if we have the belief to defeat them and never give up, we will be able to overcome any difficulties.

第三步

We all know that earthquakes frequently take place on the earth. Therefore, it is necessary for us to keep some safety tips in mind so that we can protect ourselves from injuries.

Things to do during an earthquake.

Find a safe place to stay and do not run in a hurry.

If in the room, you should hide yourself under something hard, such as a table or even a bed.

If in the open air, find an open place and never get close to cars or waterside.

Things not to do during an earthquake.

Keep away from shelves and cupboards.

Never take a lift to go downstairs.

No matter how strong the earthquakes are, if we have the belief to defeat them and never give up, we will be able to overcome any difficulties.