高考英语一轮复习语法专项突破10定语从句 含解析

定语从句

单句语法填空

1、That’s the new machine __________ parts are too small to be seen.

2、I refuse to accept the blame for something __________ was someone else’s fault.

3、It’s helpful to put children in a situation__________they can see themselves differently.

4、I admire my English teacher. I can remember very few occasions__________she stopped working because of ill health.

5、In most cases, college graduates don't mind what job they will do so long as it is one__________ they can earn money to support themselves.

6、Finally he reached a lonely island__________ was completely cut off from the outside world.

7、The dishes __________I cooked were Mom's favorite.

8、He wrote a letter__________ he explains what had happened in the accident.

9、Simon is a comedian and actor __________has 10 years' experience of teaching comedy.

10、The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere__________ his employees enjoy their work.

11、Students should involve themselves in community activities __________they can gain experience for growth.

12、We have launched another man-made satellite, __________is announced in today’s newspaper.

13、For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, _________ _________ New York is an example.

14、He is now reading a book about a scientist,__________he dreams to be.

15、We will put off the picnic in the park until next week,__________the weather may be better.

单句改错

1、I was waiting for the green light at a crossing when a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car, it drove off quickly.

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2、First,we went to Zhili Governor Office,where is a very famous tourist spot in China.

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3、Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution,what is bad for living things in the world.

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4、In life people make many decisions,some of what are so important that they affect us greatly.

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5、It can be seen,more and more people own mobile phones in China now.

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6、I stay in a dormitory with three other girls,all of them are kind and nice.

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7、Cartier first reached the Gulf of the St. Lawrence,which he wanted to make an exploration.

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8、Can you tell me the way in which you have come up with?

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9、Is this the reason why he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?

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10、Students fail to meet the requirements of the course will fail.

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11、We should take an active attitude to our studies, and try to get a mark what is true as well as good.

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12、The idea has quickly spread to Europe which special courses are now offered to children who are from 7 to 24 months old.

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13、That was the reason how he was late for school.

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14、I enjoyed my stay in the library when I could read various books I was interested in.

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15、The woman said that her husband had died some months before and that she didn’t have anyone else in her family could help her.

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答案以及解析

单句语法填空

1答案及解析：

答案：whose

解析：machine为先行词,从句的主语parts前缺少作定语的引导词,只能填入whose。

2答案及解析：

答案：that

解析：句意:我拒绝接受因为别人的错误而遭受的责备。由句意可知,题干中的先行词为something。 当先行词为something, nothing,anything 等不定代词时,定语从句的引导词只能用that。

3答案及解析：

答案：where

解析：句意:让孩子置身于一个能够从不同的角度审视自己的环境中是有好处的。所填词引导定语从句并在从句中作状语,先行词表示地点,故用where。

4答案及解析：

答案：when

解析：句意:我很钦佩我的英语老师,我记得她很少有因为生病而停止工作的时候。考查定语从句。分析句子成分可知,occasions为先行词,关系词在从句中作时间状语,故填when。

5答案及解析：

答案：where

解析：句意:在大多数情况下,大学毕业生不在乎他们将做什么工作,只要是一个能挣钱养活自己的工作就行。“ they can eammoney to support themselves”为定语从句,先行词为one,即a job。将先行词代入定语从句后为they can earn money to support themselves in the job,由此可见关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,故用where。

6答案及解析：

答案：which/that

解析：句意:他最后到了一座完全与外面世界隔绝的孤岛上。本题考查定语从句。定语从句修饰的先行词是island,将先行词代入定语从句后为:The island was completely cut off from the outside world.由此可见先行词在定语从句中作主语,且先行词表“物”,故用that或which。

7答案及解析：

答案：which/that/不填

解析：考查定语从句。关系词在从句中作宾语,指物,用关系词which/that,也可不填。

8答案及解析：

答案：where

解析：考查定语从句。句意:他写了一封信,在信中他解释了事故中发生了什么。先行词为a letter,定语从句中的主谓宾成分齐全,缺少的是地点状语,所以用关系副词where。

9答案及解析：

答案：who/that

解析：考查定语从句的关系词。先行词是a comedian and actor,关系词在从句中作主语,所以用who或者that。

10答案及解析：

答案：where

解析：句意:这家公司的老板正在努力营造一种轻松的氛围,在这种氛围中他的员工们全都享受工作的快乐。根据句意,此处考査的是定语从句,先行词为atmosphere,为抽象地点名词,定语从句缺少状语,故应该用表示地点的关系副词where来引导定语从句。

11答案及解析：

答案：where

解析：句意:应该让学生参与社团活动,在活动中他们能够获得成长所需要的经验。分析句子结构可知,从空格处一直到句尾为定语从句,修饰先行词activities,并且先行词在定语从句中作地点状语,故填关系副词where。

12答案及解析：

答案： which

解析：句意:我们又发射了一颗人造卫星,这件事是在今天的报纸上宣布的。本题考查非限制性定语从句。关系词指代前面整句话,并在定语从句中作主语,且表示“事物”,故用which引导。

13答案及解析：

答案：of/among which

解析：考查定语从句中的关系词+which。句意:对于世界上许多城市来说,没有进一步扩展的空间,纽约就是其中的一个例子。there is no room to spread out further, 是插入语。本句中的先行词是many cities,在定语从句中作of/among的宾语,即New York is an example of/among the cities, the cities是先行词,指物。所以是of/among which。故本题填 (1). of/among   (2). which

14答案及解析：

答案：which

解析：考查定语从句。句意:他现在正在读一本关于科学家的书,他梦想成为书中的那个样子。分析句子可知,本句中的定语从句修饰前面的一整个句子He is now reading a book about a scientist,指代整个句子的只能是which,在定语从句中作be的表语,故填which。

15答案及解析：

答案：when

解析：句意为：我们将在公园的野餐推迟到下周，那时天气可能会好些。设空处引导一个非限定性定于从句，且在从句中做时间状语，故填when

单句改错

1答案及解析：

答案：I was waiting for the green light at a crossing when a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car,  drove off quickly.

解析：句意:我正在一个十字路口等绿灯,这时一个大约十岁的小女孩被一辆经过的汽车撞倒了,这辆车快速逃逸了. it不能引导非限制性定语从句.故应用关系代词which引导.

2答案及解析：

答案：First,we went to Zhili Governor Office, is a very famous tourist spot in China.

解析：句意:首先.我们前往直隶总督府,这在中国是一个非常著名的旅游景点. 先行同为Zhili Governor 且定语从句中缺少主语.故应将where改为which注意关系代词that不能引导非限制性定语从句。

3答案及解析：

答案：Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution,  is bad for living things in the world.

解析：句意:空气污染是最严重的污染,对世界上所有生物都有害。先行词为air pollution.关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句.且在从句中作主语:what不能引导定语从句。

4答案及解析：

答案：In life people make many decisions,some of  are so important that they affect us greatly.

解析：句意:人们在生活中做很多决定,其中一些决定是如此重要以至于对我们造成巨大的影响.介词+ which引导作限制性定语从句,补充说明先行词decisions.

5答案及解析：

答案： can be seen,more and more people own mobile phones in China now.

解析：句意:正如所见,现在在中国,越来越多的人拥有手机. 关系代词as引导作限制性定语从句,且在从句中作主语,代替主句内容。

6答案及解析：

答案：I stay in a dormitory with three other girls, all of / are kind and nice.

解析：句意:我和其他三个女孩住在一个宿舍里,她们都善良而友好,逗号前后均为句子,应由连词连接,故在all前加and;也可以将逗号后的成分看成定语从句,先行词为girls, 指人.故需将them改为whom.

7答案及解析：

答案：Cartier first reached the Gulf of the St. Lawrence,  he wanted to make an exploration.

解析：句意:Cartier首先抵达了圣劳伦斯湾,他想在那里进行探索.先行词 the Gulf of the St. Lawrence指地点.且定语从句中缺少地点状语,故关系代词which 应改为关系副词where。

8答案及解析：

答案：Can you tell me the way in which you have come up with?

解析：因为先行词the way在从句中作宾语,故用that或which来引导该定语从句。

9答案及解析：

答案：Is this the reason  he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?

解析：因为定语从句中缺少宾语,故用which或that来引导定语从句。

10答案及解析：

答案：Students  fail to meet the requirements of the course will fail.

解析：

11答案及解析：

答案：We should take an active attitude to our studies, and try to get a mark  is true as well as good.

解析：句意:我们应该用积极的态度对待我们的学习, 努力获得真实而又优异的成绩. 此处应用关系代词which/that引导定语从句,修饰先行词mark,且关系代词在从句中作主语,what不用于引导定语从句。

12答案及解析：

答案：The idea has quickly spread to Europe which/  special courses are now offered to children who are from 7 to 24 months old.

解析：句意:这个理念迅速传播到欧洲,如今这些特殊的课程在欧洲被提供给7至24个月大的婴幼儿. 先行词为Europe,是一个地点,且从句中缺少地点状语,故用关系副词 where引导定语从句,where相与于in which.

13答案及解析：

答案：That was the reason  he was late for school.

解析：句意:那就是他上学迟到的原因. the reason作先行词, 位用关系副词why引导定语从句.why相当于for which.

14答案及解析：

答案：I enjoyed my stay in the library  I could read various books I was interested in.

解析：句意:我喜欢在图书馆逗留, 在那里我可以阅读各种各样感兴趣的书.先行词library为地点名词,故用where引导定语从句,且在从句中作地点状语.

15答案及解析：

答案：The woman said that her husband had died some months before and that she didn’t have anyone else in her family  could help her.

解析：句意:这个女人说,她的丈夫几个月前去世了, 家里没有人能够帮助她从句中缺少关系代词.who引导定语从句, 修饰先行词anyone else.