高中人教版 (2019)Unit 1 People of Achievement精品综合训练题

TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZE

6 October 2015

This year's Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co-winner), whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a c____1______(至关重要的) new treatment for malaria. Artemisinin has saved hundreds of thousands of lives, and has led to improved health for millions of people. Over 200 million people around the world get malaria each year, and about 600, 000 die from it. Artemisinin has become a v__2___(必不可少的，极其重要的) part of the treatment for malaria, and is thought to save 100, 000 lives a year in Africa alone.

Tu Youyou, a c_____3_____(坚定的) and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930, and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955. After she graduated, she worked at the China Academy of  Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing. In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the o_____4_____(目标) of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen. In the beginning, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients. In 1969, she became the head of the project in Beijing, and decided to review ancient Chinese medical texts to find traditional b____5______(植物学的)treatments for the disease. Her team examined over 2, 000 old medical texts, and e____6______(评估) 280,000 plants for their medical p____7______(性质；特征). From their research, they discovered and tested 380 d_____8_____(有区别，不同的) ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria.

One medical text from the fourth century suggested using the e_____9_____(提取物) from sweet wormwood to treat a fever. Tu's team tested a collection of dried wormwood leaves but found no effect. They then tried b_____10_____(烧开) fresh wormwood, and using the l____11______(液体) o____12______(获取) from this to treat malaria, but this did not work either. Their project got stuck. However, Tu Youyou would not a____13______(承认) d____14______(失败). She a____15______(分析) the medical texts again, and by chance, she found one sentence suggesting a different way to treat the wormwood. She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood a_____16_____(显而易见) destroyed its medical properties. Using a lower temperature to draw out the extract, she found a s____17______(物质) that worked. After failing more than 190 times, the team finally succeeded in 1971. Tu Youyou and her team members even i_____18_____(坚持) on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered. This medicine, which was called artemisinin, soon became a s____19______(标准) treatment for malaria.

 According to Tu Youyou, the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort. Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize she said, "The honour is not just mine. There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country. This success proves the great value of traditional Chinese medicine. It is indeed an honour for China's s___20_______(科学上的)research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world."

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TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZE

6 October 2015

This year's Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co-winner), ___1___ research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a rucial new ___2____(treat) for malaria. Artemisinin has saved hundreds of thousands of lives, and____3____(lead) to improved health for millions of people. Over 200 million people around the world get malaria each year, and about 600, 000 die ___4___ it. Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and _____5____(think) to save 100, 000 lives a year in Africa alone.

Tu Youyou, a ____6____(commit) and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, __7__ 30 December 1930, and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955. After she graduated, she worked at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing. In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists ___8___ the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers ____9___(choose). In the beginning, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, ____10____ malaria was more common, to study malaria patients. In 1969, she ____11____（become） the head of the project in Beijing, and decided to review ancient Chinese medical texts ___12___(find) traditional botanical treatments for the disease. Her team examined over 2, 000 old medical texts, and evaluated 280,000 plants for their medical properties. From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese ____13___(medicine) treatments that showed promise in the fight ___14_____ malaria.

One medical text from the ___15___(four) century suggested ___16____(use) the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever. Tu's team tested a collection of ___17___(dry) wormwood leaves but found no effect. They then tried ___18___(boil) fresh wormwood, and using the liquid ____19____(obtain) from this to treat malaria, ___20___ this did not work either. Their project got stuck. However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat. She analysed the medical texts again, and by chance, she found one sentence ____21____(suggest) a different way to treat the wormwood. She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently ___22_____(destroy) its medical properties. Using a lower temperature to draw out the extract, she found ___23__ substance that worked. After ___24___(fail) more than 190 times, the team finally succeeded in 1971. Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted __25___ testing the medicine on themselves to make sure __26__ it was safe. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of ___27___ recovered. This medicine, ___28___ was called artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment __29__ malaria.

 According to Tu Youyou, the ____30____(discover) of artemisinin was a team effort. Upon ____31____(hear) that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize she said, "The honour is not just ___32___(me). There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country. This success proves the great value of traditional Chinese medicine. It is indeed an honour for China's scientific research and Chinese medicine to be ___33____(spread) around the world."

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TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZE

6 October 2015

This year's Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co-winner), 1________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________(她的研究促使了青蒿素的发现。这是一种至关重要的治疗疟疾的新疗法。)Artemisinin has saved hundreds of thousands of lives, and has led to improved health for millions of people. Over 200 million people around the world get malaria each year, and about 600, 000 die from it. Artemisinin has become 2______________________for malaria(已成为治疗疟疾的重要组成部分), and is thought to save 100, 000 lives a year in Africa alone.

Tu Youyou, 3_______________________(一位坚定而耐心的科学家), was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930, and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955. 4__________________(毕业之后), she worked at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing. In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and 5____________________________

_______________(屠呦呦是其中首批入选的研究人员). In the beginning, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients. In 1969, she became the head of the project in Beijing, and 6_____________________________________________

___________________________________________(决定复阅中国古代医学文献，以寻找这种疾病的传统的植物疗法。) Her team examined over 2, 000 old medical texts, and evaluated 280,000 plants for their medical properties. From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that 7_______________________________

______________________(_这些方法为抗击疟疾带来了希望。)

One medical text from the fourth century suggested using the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever. Tu's team tested a collection of dried wormwood leaves but found no effect. They then tried boiling fresh wormwood, and using the liquid obtained from this to treat malaria, but this did not work either. 8___________________________(他们的计划陷入了困境。)However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat. She analysed the medical texts again, and by chance, she found one sentence suggesting a different way to treat the wormwood. She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properties. Using a lower temperature to draw out the extract, 9________________

___________________(发现了一种有效的物质). 10________________________________

_____________________________________________(在失败了190多次之后，这个团队终于在1971年成功了。)Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered. This medicine, which was called artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment for malaria.

 11_______________________________________________________________(屠呦呦说，青蒿素的发现是一个团队努力的结果。) Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize she said, "The honour is not just mine. There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country. 12________________________________________________________(这一成功证明了中医的巨大价值)。13_____________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________中国的科研和中医药走向世界，确实是一种荣誉。

THE MAN WHO CHANGED OUR UNDERSTANDING OF THE UNIVERSE

改变了我们对宇宙认识的人

Albert Einstein, who is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics，is often considered one of the smartest men who ever lived. He made n___1______(众多的) contributions to the world, the most well-known being the general t___2___(理论) of relativity and the famous formula E=mc2. Einstein was not only a ___3_____(天才 ); he was a courageous and kind f___4___(人物) loved by many people.

This g____5_____( 温和的) genius was born in Germany on 14 March 1879. When he was 16, he tried to enter university in Switzerland, but failed due to his low scores in the general part of the entrance exam, despite obtaining e___6______( 不寻常的，卓越的) scores in maths and physics. After studying for another year, he managed to pass the exam, entering university in 1896 and graduating in 1900.

After two years of looking for work as a teacher, Einstein took a job as a clerk in the Swiss p____7_____(专利)t office. While working there, out of a strong p____8_____(酷爱，热情 ) for knowledge, he continued to study, earning a doctorate in physics in 1905. That same year, which was later recorded as a miracle year in science, he published four e____9_____( 超凡的) physics papers. Following this, he g____10_____(逐渐地 ) became famous throughout the world as the new Isaac Newton. After four years, he was able to ____11_____(停止，辞去 ) his job at the patent office and enter research full-time at a university. In 1922, he was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric effect.

C____12_____(环境) changed in 1933, when Hitler came to p____13_____(执政掌权) in Germany. Einstein, who was Jewish, found the doors of a____14____（学术) institutions closed to him. As a c_____15____(结果), he had to f__16____(逃跑) Germany. After spending time in Europe, he finally took up a position as a researcher at the I_____17____(机构)for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA. Following that, he continued to make great achievements in physics and mathematics.

To the public, he was seen as a s____18_____(有点 ) odd-looking but kind and funny man. He had a thick moustache and long white hair, which sometimes ___19____ ______ _____(挺立) as though he had just received an __20_______ _________(电击). Although he was a genius, he sometimes forgot things, like his friends’ birthdays. But __21_______ ____ _________(除了他的怪异性格), he was loved by his friends and neighbors. There is even a story about how he helped a little girl who knocked on his door and asked for help with her homework. In fact, Einstein often e____22_____(遇到) people on the street who would stop him and ask him to help explain things. After many such o_____23____(场合), he finally started saying, “Pardon me! Sorry! Always I am _____24_ ___(被误认为) Professor Einstein!”

On 18 April 1955, it was reported that Einstein had __25___ ____(去世 ), and the whole world ____26_____(哀悼 ) the great loss of a brilliant scientist.

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THE MAN WHO CHANGED OUR UNDERSTANDING OF THE UNIVERSE

改变了我们对宇宙认识的人

Albert Einstein, _____1_____ is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics，is often considered one of the smartest men who ever lived. He made numerous contributions__2__ the world, the most well-known ___3___(be) the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc2. Einstein was not only a genius; he was a _____4_______(courage) and kind figure loved by many people.

This gentle genius was born in Germany ___5__ 14 March 1879. ____6__ he was 16, he tried to enter university in Switzerland, but failed due__7__ his low scores in the general part of the entrance exam, despite ____8_____(obtain) exceptional scores in maths and physics. After studying for another year, he managed ___9___(pass) the exam, _____10_____(enter) university in 1896 and graduating in 1900.

After two years of looking for work as a teacher, Einstein took a job as a clerk in the Swiss patent office. While working there, out of a strong passion for knowledge, he continued to study, ____11____(earn) a doctorate in physics in 1905. That same year, ____12____was later recorded as a miracle year in science, he published four extraordinary physics papers. ___13_____(Follow) this, he gradually became famous throughout the world as the new Isaac Newton. After four years, he was able to quit his job at the patent office and ___14___(enter) research full-time at a university. In 1922, he was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics for his _____15____(explain) of the photoelectric effect.

Circumstances changed in 1933, ___16___ Hitler came to power in Germany. Einstein, who was Jewish, found the doors of academic institutions ___17___(close) to him. As a consequence, he had to flee Germany. After spending time in Europe, he finally took up a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA. Following that, he continued to make great achievements in physics and mathematics.

To the public, he ___18____(see) as a slightly odd-looking ___19___ kind and funny man. He had a thick moustache and long white hair, ____20___ sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock. ____21_____ he was a genius, he sometimes forgot things, like his friends’ birthdays. But despite his peculiarities, he was loved by his friends and neighbors. There is even a story about ___22____ he helped a little girl ___23___ knocked on his door and asked for help with her homework. In fact, Einstein often encountered people on the street ___24___ would stop him and ask him to help explain things. After many such occasions, he finally started saying, “Pardon me! Sorry! Always I am mistaken ___25___ Professor Einstein!”

On 18 April 1955, it was reported that Einstein __26____(pass) away, and the whole world mourned the great __27__(lose) of a brilliant scientist.

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THE MAN WHO CHANGED OUR UNDERSTANDING OF THE UNIVERSE

改变了我们对宇宙认识的人

Albert Einstein, 1_________________________________________________(也许是现代物理学中最伟大的科学家,通常被认为是有史以来最聪明的人之一。) He made numerous contributions to the world, the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc2. 2_________________________________________________________________

__________________________ (爱因斯坦不仅是一个天才，还是一个勇敢而善良的人，受到许多人的喜爱。)

This gentle genius was born in Germany on 14 March 1879. When he was 16, he tried to enter university in Switzerland, 3___________________________________________________________________________

(但由于入学考试的综合部分分数较低，他失败了，）despite obtaining exceptional scores in maths and physics. 4________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________(经过又一年的学习，他通过了考试，1896年进入大学，并于1900年毕业。)

After two years of looking for work as a teacher, Einstein took a job as a clerk in the Swiss patent office. 5__________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________在此工作期间，出于对知识的强烈热情，他继续学习，并于1905年获得了物理学博士学位。That same year, which was later recorded as a miracle year in science, he published four extraordinary physics papers. Following this, he gradually became famous throughout the world as the new Isaac Newton. After four years, he was able to quit his job at the patent office and enter research full-time at a university. 6____________________________________________________________

___________________________(1922年，他因对光电效应的解释而被授予1921年诺贝尔物理学奖。)

Circumstances changed in 1933, when Hitler came to power in Germany. Einstein, who was Jewish, 7_______________________________________________________(他发现学术机构的大门对他关闭了。) As a consequence, he had to flee Germany. After spending time in Europe, he finally took up a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA. Following that, 8______________________

_______________________________________________  (他继续在物理和数学方面取得了巨大成就。)

To the public, he was seen as a slightly odd-looking but kind and funny man. 9_______________________

_____________________________________________________________________________(他胡须浓密，有时白发挺立，就好像刚遭了电击。) Although he was a genius, he sometimes forgot things, like his friends’ birthdays. But despite his peculiarities, he was loved by his friends and neighbours. There is even a story about 10_____________________________________________________________________

_________________________________ (如何帮助一个小女孩的故事：这个女孩敲了他的门，请求他帮她做家庭作业。).In fact, Einstein often encountered people on the street who would stop him and ask him to help explain things. After many such occasions, he finally started saying, “Pardon me! Sorry! 11_____________________________________________(我总是被误认为是爱因斯坦教授)”

12________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(1955年4月18日，有报道说爱因斯坦去世了，全世界都为一位杰出科学家的逝世而哀悼。)