专题13 阅读理解 考点3 说明文-2023年中考英语真题分项汇编（全国通用）

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中考真题英语分项汇编

专题09 阅读理解 考点3 说明文（第01期）
（2023·山东泰安·统考中考真题）

China has sent the final section of its Tiangong space station into space. After a 13-hour trip, the new section, known as Mengtian, docked(对接) with Tiangong space station on the early morning of November 1st, 2022, finally completing it. The new section was launched from Hainan Island in the south of China.
For years, China has been working hard to create its own space station. Last year, China began to launch three modules(舱) of Tiangong space station, one at a time. The main module, Tianhe, was launched in April 2021. It holds the power source and main controls for the station, as well as the astronauts’ living area. In July 2022, China launched its first laboratory module, Wentian, which is the country’s largest ever spacecraft.
The new module, Mengtian (meaning “dreaming of the heavens”), is also designed as a laboratory. It is about 18 meters long and has 8 special research areas for experiments(实验). Mengtian is set up so that experiments can also be run outside the module itself. Chinese astronauts can use special robotic arms to run experiments from inside Tiangong.
China’s space program is working with the European Space Agency on some experiments on the Mengtian, China says that one day, foreign astronauts will also be able to visit Tiangong.
Tiangong space station is expected to last 10 to 15 years. Though the Mengtian module completes the station, China could add more modules in the future.
China’s space program has grown greatly in recent years with a series of successes. In 2020, for example, its Chang’e 5 probe returned to the earth carrying moon rocks. Those were the first moon samples brought to the earth since the 1970s.
1．The meaning of the underlined word “launched” in the first paragraph is the closest to “________”.
A．sent up B．landed C．taken off D．set up
2．Which module is the astronauts’ living area in?
A．Tianhe. B．Wentian. C．Mengtian. D．It is not mentioned.
3．When was China’s largest spacecraft launched?
A．In 2020. B．In April 2021.
C．In July 2022. D．On November 1st, 2022.
4．Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．No more modules can be docked with Tiangong in the future.
B．Chang’e 5 probe brought moon rocks back to the earth in 2020.
C．China created Tiangong space station together with European Space Agency.
D．Chinese astronauts can’t use robotic arms to run experiments from inside Tiangong.
【答案】1．A 2．A 3．C 4．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国在航天事业上的发展。
1．词义猜测题。根据第二段“For years, China has been working hard to create its own space station. Last year, China began to launch three modules(舱) of Tiangong space station, one at a time.”可知多年来，中国一直在努力建设自己的空间站。去年，中国应该是开始发射天宫空间站的三个模块，一次一个，所以第一段的launched表示“发射”，和sent up近义，故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据“The main module, Tianhe, was launched in April 2021. It holds the power source and main controls for the station, as well as the astronauts’ living area.”可知宇航员的生活区在天河舱，故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“In July 2022, China launched its first laboratory module, Wentian, which is the country’s largest ever spacecraft.”可知2022年7月，中国发射了有史以来最大的航天器。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“In 2020, for example, its Chang’e 5 probe returned to the earth carrying moon’ rocks.”可知2020年，嫦娥五号探测器将月球岩石带回了地球。故选B。
（2023·浙江丽水·统考中考真题）
Seagrass, an underwater plant that grows on the ocean floor, is very important for sea life. It also helps prevent global warming by storing carbon, a harmful gas. However, scientists don’t know exactly how much seagrass is at the bottom of the ocean. With the help of tiger sharks, a team of researchers has discovered the world’s largest seagrass meadow（grassland）on the seafloor near the Bahamas.
Seagrass meadows are home to many different kinds of fish, shellfish, and so on. Large sea animals, such as sharks, also spend a lot of time there looking for food. Seagrass can grow in very deep and dark waters, making it difficult to find. But sharks can dive deep into the water and get to the areas people cannot reach.
After noticing tiger sharks swimming through seagrass off the Bahamas, an American scientist worked with a seagrass expert, trying to map the locations of the plants. The researchers fitted seven tiger sharks with cameras. Since tiger sharks swim in groups, they placed satellite tracking tags（卫星跟踪器）on eight other sharks to find out exactly where the animals swam. They collected hours of videos of the tiger sharks swimming through seagrass.
The researchers found more seagrass growing near the Bahamas than they expected—in fact, they believe that there is more seagrass there than anywhere else on Earth. The new finding increased the total number of seagrass known to exist by 41%. However, more research is needed to discover the true size of the seagrass meadow.
Scientists often depend on findings from divers and boats to study about the underwater world, but this team found that working with animals improved their understanding. They are now placing cameras on sea turtles to study seagrass in the Red Sea. Hopefully, more mysteries about seagrass will be solved.
5．What are the scientists studying according to the passage?
A．Sharks. B．The Bahamas. C．Seagrass. D．The Red Sea.
6．Which italic（斜体）word has the same meaning as the underlined word “map” in Paragraph 3?
A．Is there a map of China in the classroom?
B．Amy mapped out her plans on the new project.
C．It is the West lake that really puts Hangzhou on the map.
D．The police have successfully mapped where the missing boy is.
7．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A．The reason for the study. B．The method to do the research.
C．The finding of the research. D．The difficulty in carrying out the study.
8．Why does the writer write the passage?
A．To tell the importance of saving seagrass.
B．To express the strong love for tiger sharks.
C．To share a new way of doing undersea research.
D．To introduce a special project on global warming.
【答案】5．C 6．D 7．C 8．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了海草的重要性以及科学家如何利用虎鲨进行海底研究，以及他们在巴哈马发现的世界最大的海草草地，这种创新的研究方法有利于增加人类对海底世界的了解。
5．细节理解题。根据“With the help of tiger sharks, a team of researchers has discovered the world’s largest seagrass meadow（grassland）on the seafloor near the Bahamas.”可知科学家在研究海草。故选C。
6．词义猜测题。根据“After noticing tiger sharks swimming through seagrass off the Bahamas, an American scientist worked with a seagrass expert, trying to map the locations of the plants”可知在注意到虎鲨在巴哈马群岛附近的海草中游动后，一位美国科学家与一位海草专家合作，试图绘制这些植物的位置图，故此处mapped意为“绘制……的位置”；分析四个选择可知，选项D“警方已成功绘制出失踪男孩的位置”中的mapped也以为“绘制……的位置”。故选D。
7．段落大意题。根据“The researchers found...”以及本段内容可知本段主要介绍了研究的发现。故选C。
8．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了海草的重要性以及科学家如何利用虎鲨进行海底研究，以及他们在巴哈马发现的世界最大的海草草地，这种创新的研究方法有利于增加人类对海底世界的了解，故作者写本文的意图是分享这种新的海底研究方式。故选C。
（2023·重庆·统考中考真题）
The Chinese pingfeng (folding screen) is an ancient invention and traditional Chinese furniture (家具). Its earliest common use dates from the Han Dynasty. The term pingfeng means protection from wind, showing its purpose at the very beginning.
As time passes, it has been made into different sizes with colourful paintings. On screens usually appears a dragon. It’s a symbol of light, growth and life-giving water. It also stands for nobility and power. The peacock, a beautiful bird, can be seen on screens, too. It’s a symbol of everlasting life. Beautiful flowers, which mean wealth and good luck, are also chosen as a popular design of the pingfeng. All the designs carry people’s beautiful wishes.
Behind the pingfeng lies an interesting story. In the past the unmarried daughter of a rich family was not supposed to see or be seen by men except her father, brothers or very close male cousins. When an admirer paid a visit however, she might take a secret look at him from a screen behind which she would be completely hidden. Her father would discuss poems with the young man and ask him to create one. If the daughter and her father were satisfied with the young man’s poem and his looks, she might agree to take him as a husband.
Today the pingfeng is back in fashion for its beauty and its practical (实际的) use as furniture. Acting as a moving wall or divider, it can be the perfect match (相配) for modern sofas and walls, which adds style to them.
The pingfeng is more than beautiful furniture.
9．What was the pingfeng used for at the very beginning?
A．Protecting people from wind. B．Dividing a room.
C．Making a room beautiful. D．Hiding a person.
10．Which design is a symbol of wealth and good luck?
A．The dragon. B．The peacock. C．The water. D．The flowers.
11．How does the writer develop his idea in Paragraph 2?
A．By telling a story. B．By giving examples.
C．By comparing differences. D．By explaining the result.
12．What is the best title for the passage?

A．The Practical Use of the Pingfeng
B．A Beautiful Story of the Pingfeng
C．Old Pingfeng in Modem Homes
D．The Hidden Beauty of the Pingfeng
【答案】9．A 10．D 11．B 12．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了屏风的相关信息。
9．细节理解题。根据“ Its earliest common use dates from the Han Dynasty. The term pingfeng means protection from wind, showing its purpose at the very beginning.”可知“屏风”一词的意思是防风，这是它的最初目的。故选A。
10．细节理解题。根据“Beautiful flowers, which mean wealth and good luck”可知美丽的花朵，意味着财富和好运。故选D。
11．推理判断题。根据“On screens usually appears a dragon...The peacock... Beautiful flowers”可知第二段举了几个例子说明屏风上常出现的东西。故选B。
12．最佳标题题。文主要介绍了中国屏风的用处以及它背后的一个故事，展示了屏风的隐藏之美，故以选项D“屏风的隐藏之美”为标题最合适。故选D。
（2023·重庆·统考中考真题）
Squirrels(松鼠) are cute and interesting animals that can be found in many parts of the world. They are known for their long tails, big teeth, and the ability to climb trees.
They can jump up to 6 meters in height, and they can run up to 32 kilometers every hour.
Squirrels have soft bodies. Their eyes are high on their small heads and a replaced on each side so they can see wide and far without having to turn around. This often helps them get out of danger.
Squirrels have four big teeth in the front of their mouth that keep growing all through their lives. They are known for their love of nuts(坚果), and they can eat as much food as their body weight each week. They will often keep nuts in the ground for the long winter months. Many people think that squirrels only eat nuts, but this isn’t true. They also like to eat plants, fruits, eggs, small animals and even young snakes.
One funny thing is that squirrels are good at planting trees. They hide the fruits of oak trees, but often forget where they put them. In the end, the forgotten fruits become big trees.
13．How high can squirrels jump?
A．6 meters. B．6 kilometers. C．32 meters. D．32 kilometers.
14．What do squirrels have?
A．Short tails. B．Big teeth. C．Cold bodies. D．Big heads.
15．Why do squirrels keep nuts in the ground?
A．To eat in winter. B．To plant trees. C．To lose some weight. D．To have fun.
16．In which part of a magazine can you probably read this passage?
A．Art. B．Sports. C．Animals. D．History.
【答案】13．A 14．B 15．A 16．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了有关松鼠的相关知识。
13．细节理解题。根据“They can jump up to 6 meters in height”可知松鼠可以跳到6米高，故选A。
14．细节理解题。根据“They are known for their long tails, big teeth, and the ability to climb trees.”可知松鼠有大牙齿，故选B。
15．细节理解题。根据“They will often keep nuts in the ground for the long winter months.”可知松鼠把坚果藏在地下是为了在冬天吃。故选A。
16．推理判断题。根据全文可知，本文主要介绍了有关松鼠的相关知识，所以可以在杂志的动物部分看到，故选C。
（2023·重庆·统考中考真题）
Do you love yogurt? Homemade yogurt tastes delicious, and making yogurt is easy and fun. Let’s have a try!

17．What does the writer think of making yogurt?
A．Difficult and boring. B．Easy and fun.
C．Difficult but fun. D．Easy but boring.
18．What is the first step to make yogurt?
A．Pour the milk into a pot. B．Mix the milk and yogurt starter.
C．Add some honey or fruit. D．Cover the pot to keep it warm.
19．How long will you wait before the yogurt is ready?
A．4 hours. B．6 hours. C．9 hours. D．12 hours.
【答案】17．B 18．A 19．C
【导语】本文介绍了酸奶的制作步骤。
17．细节理解题。根据“Homemade yogurt tastes delicious, and making yogurt is easy and fun.”可知作者认为制作酸奶既简单又有趣。故选B。
18．细节理解题。根据Step 1 “Pour the milk into a pot”可知第一步要把牛奶倒进锅里。故选A。
19．细节理解题。根据Step 3 “Cover the pot to keep it warm enough. Wait for 8 to 10 hours.”可知盖上锅盖后等待8到10个小时。C选项“九小时”符合。故选C。
（2023·湖北随州·统考中考真题）

You are always told to wash your hands before you eat. You know you must wash your hands after going to the bathroom. You should wash your hands many times during the day. Do you know how to wash your hands correctly?
Always use soap to wash your hands. After turning on the tap (水龙头) and wetting your hands, you can rub (摩擦) your hands with soap. Soap may not kill all the germs (细菌), but it can wash away the oil on your skin. As the oil is washed away, the germs will leave your hands and go away.
You should wash your hands for 15-20 seconds. How do you know the length (长度) of 15-20 seconds? You can sing ABC Song. By the time you get to the last note, your hands will be clean!
Rub your hands together. You can use one hand to rub the back of the other hand and then exchange two hands. You also need to rub between your fingers. Don’t forget to rub under and around your fingernails.
Maybe your hands don’t look dirty, but there are germs on them. Germs are too small for you to see. They are on your hands all the time. Many illnesses are caused by germs, so you should often wash your hands.
20．Why does the writer mention ABC Song?
A．Because it is the most popular song in the world.
B．Because everyone can sing this song very well.
C．Because washing hands is as easy as singing ABC Song.
D．Because you can sing this song to know the length of washing hands.
21．The underlined word “note” in Paragraph 3 means “________” in Chinese.
A．音符 B．注释 C．笔记 D．便条
22．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A．Using soap to wash your hands.
B．Using a clean towel (毛巾) to dry your hands.
C．Washing your hands for about 20 seconds.
D．Rubbing under and around your fingernails.
23．According to the passage, you can know ________.
A．why you should often wash hands
B．what the best soap people usually use is
C．what kind of germs there are on your hands
D．how many germs there are on your hands
24．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．How to stay healthy. B．How to protect your fingers.
C．How to wash hands correctly. D．How to keep away from germs.
【答案】20．D 21．A 22．B 23．A 24．C
【导语】本文主要是介绍如何正确洗手。
20．推理判断题。根据“How do you know the length (长度) of 15-20 seconds? You can sing ABC Song.”可知可以通过唱歌知道洗手的时间，故选D。
21．词句猜测题。根据“You can sing ABC Song. By the time you get to the last note, your hands will be clean!”可知，唱到最后一个音符，手就洗好了，可推测“note”意为“音符”，故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据“Always use soap to wash your hands.”，“You should wash your hands for 15-20 seconds.”和“Rub your hands together.”可知，并没有提到用干净的毛巾擦干手，故选B。
23．推理判断题。根据“Many illnesses are caused by germs, so you should often wash your hands.”可知，细菌可以导致很多疾病，所以要勤洗手，说明我们可以知道为什么要经常洗手，故选A。
24．主旨大意题。根据“Do you know how to wash your hands correctly?”以及下文介绍的洗手方法可知，本文主要是介绍如何正确洗手，故选C。
（2023·甘肃白银·统考中考真题）
Pencils and Pens
No one knows who invented pencils or when it happened. A Swiss described a pencil in a book in 1565. He said it was a piece of wood with lead inside it. (Lead is a very heavy, soft, dark gray metal.) Pencils weren’t popular, and people continued to write with pens. They used bird feathers as pens.
Then, in 1795, someone started making pencils from graphite (石墨), and they became very popular. One pencil can write 50,000 English words or make a line 55 kilometers long.
People wrote with feather pens and then used pens with metal points. They had to dip (蘸) the point into ink after every few letters. Next, someone invented a fountain pen that could hold ink inside it. A fountain pen can write several pages before you have to fill it again.
Two Hungarian brothers, Ladislao and Georg Biro, invented the ballpoint pen. English pilots liked the pens. They couldn’t write with fountain pens in airplanes because the ink leaked out. Later, a French company called Bic bought the Biros’ company.
Some people call ballpoint pens “Bics.” Australians call them “Biros.” Whatever we call them, we use them every day.

阅读以上材料，根据其内容回答其后各个小题。
25．A ________ described a pencil in 1565.
A．Canadian B．German C．Swiss D．Japanese
26．The first pens were ________.
A．feathers B．stone C．graphite D．wooden
27．One pencil can write ________ English words.
A．1,795 B．50,000 C．55 D．1,943
28．Which of the following is NOT true?
A．A fountain pen can hold ink inside it.
B．Ballpoint pen are good for writing in airplanes.
C．Fountain pens may leak ink.
D．Biros’ company bought Bic.
29．What’s the main idea of this passage?
A．We use pens and pencils every day.
B．There were many kinds of pens before ballpoint pens.
C．Pens and pencils are very useful inventions.
D．Pens were invented earlier than pencils.
【答案】25．C 26．A 27．B 28．D 29．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了钢笔和铅笔的发展历史。
25．细节理解题。根据“A Swiss described a pencil in a book in 1565”可知，一位瑞士人在1565年的一本书中描述了铅笔，故选C。
26．细节理解题。根据“They used bird feathers as pens”可知，最早是用鸟的羽毛作笔，故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据“One pencil can write 50,000 English words or make a line 55 kilometers long”可知，一支铅笔可以写5万个英语单词，故选B。
28．推理判断题。根据“Later, a French company called Bic bought the Biros’ company.”可知，一家名为Bic的法国公司收购了Biros的公司，D表述错误，故选D。
29．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了钢笔和铅笔这两种发明的发展历史，故选C。
（2023·河北·统考中考真题）
Do you do team projects at school? I do a lot. I enjoy team projects because I like sharing ideas with other people. Of course, team activities aren’t always easy. You need to know how to work well together. Here are some suggestions to make team work easier.
Know the goals
Make sure everyone understands the goal of the project. If you’re doing a class project, you need to check the teacher’s instructions carefully and ask questions whenever something isn’t clear. There’s a popular saying: If you don’t know where you’re going, you probably won’t get there.
Assign (指派) roles
Everyone should have a role in the team. For example, there should be a leader who helps everyone make decisions. There might be a note-taker who writes down the team’s ideas during meetings, and a time-keeper to control the time. There might also be a fact-checker or a group speaker.
Divide the work
For large projects, the work can be divided into smaller tasks. Then you can choose tasks that you do well or enjoy. Of course, you shouldn’t always do the same task. It’s good to try new things, even if they’re difficult!
Make a plan
After you divide the work, write down a plan on paper. You can use a calendar to help you. List all the tasks and think about when each one must be finished. It’s important for everyone to follow the plan. And if you can’t finish your part on time, tell the others as soon as possible.
Try to be positive (积极的). Everything is easier when you’re enjoying yourself in the team.
30．How does the writer begin the text?
A．By telling a story. B．By asking a question.
C．By showing a saying. D．By sending a message.
31．What is the leader’s main job in the team?
A．Controlling the activity time. B．Writing down the team’s ideas.
C．Making speeches for the team. D．Helping the others make decisions.
32．What should you do after dividing the work?
A．Set a clear goal. B．Work out a plan.
C．Decide everyone’s role. D．Check the teacher’s examples.
33．What is the writer trying to do in the text?
A．Introduce the teacher’s instructions. B．Give information about smaller tasks.
C．Explain the method to do team projects. D．Describe the importance of creative ideas.
【答案】30．B 31．D 32．B 33．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了一些让团队工作更容易的建议。
30．细节理解题。根据“Do you do team projects at school”可知作者以一个问题开始本文。故选B。
31．细节理解题。根据“there should be a leader who helps everyone make decisions.”可知领导者帮助每个人做决定。故选D。
32．细节理解题。根据“After you divide the work, write down a plan on paper.”可知分工后，在纸上写一个计划。故选B。
33．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了一些让团队工作更容易的建议。故选C。
（2023·河北·统考中考真题）
Progress means the act of going forward. Making any kind of progress can make us healthy and happy in life. By setting and actively working towards our goals, we can make progress in our life.
To make more progress in life, start looking at problems in a different way. Whatever happens, if we think positively, it can be useful and helpful. We need to know that problems are part of our life. After we solve problems one after another, we can make more progress and become stronger.
Having confidence (信心) is helpful for us to make progress. Confidence comes from different places, such as proper education, training or having good relationships. We should also stay with people who believe in our success and actively support us. These people can help push us towards progress.
Slow progress is still progress. Just as the old saying goes, “It does not matter how slowly you go as long as you do not stop.” Progress usually comes a lot more slowly than we expect. Even if progress is slow, try not to be worried. One important thing is that we keep taking steps towards our goals, and another is that we clearly remember what our goals are all the time. The actual speed isn’t important.
The road to progress is not always smooth. Most progress often comes with setbacks along the way. Sometimes, maybe it feels like we’re taking one step forward and three steps back, but it won’t always be like that. Keep going towards our goals and we can much more easily make the progress we want.
Progress doesn’t always happen in a straight line. As long as we keep working, we will achieve higher levels.
34．What does progress make us do?
A．Set lifelong goals. B．Go forward easily.
C．Live healthily and happily. D．Think about new things.
35．What does Paragraph 3 tell us?
A．We should support different people. B．Some people can push us to failure.
C．Confidence helps us make progress. D．Different schools expect the same progress.
36．What does the writer say about slow progress?
A．It often goes smoothly. B．It still means progress.
C．It sometimes stops progress. D．It always gives us a clear mind.
37．Which word is close to the underlined word “setbacks”?
A．Prizes. B．Advantages. C．Excuses. D．Difficulties.
38．Which can be a proper title for the text?
A．Ideas about Making Progress B．Keys to Speeding up Progress
C．Meanings of Having Confidence D．Suggestions on Relationships
【答案】34．C 35．C 36．B 37．D 38．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了如何取得进步，虽然通往进步的道路不总是平坦的，但是只要我们继续努力，我们就会达到更高的水平。
34．细节理解题。根据“Making any kind of progress can make us healthy and happy in life”可知任何形式的进步都能使我们在生活中健康快乐。故选C。
35．主旨大意题。根据“Having confidence (信心) is helpful for us to make progress”以及本段内容可知信心有助于我们取得进步。故选C。
36．细节理解题。根据“Slow progress is still progress”可知缓慢的进步仍然是进步。故选B。
37．词义猜测题。根据“The road to progress is not always smooth. Most progress often comes with setbacks along the way”可知通往进步的道路并不总是平坦的，大多数进步往往伴随着挫折，故此处划线部分意为“挫折，困难”，和difficulties意义相近。故选D。
38．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了如何取得进步，虽然通往进步的道路不总是平坦的，但是只要我们继续努力，我们就会达到更高的水平，以选项A“关于进步的想法”为标题最合适。故选A。
（2023·山东泰安·统考中考真题）

Many people may throw away the pits inside fruits after eating them, but inheritors of nut carving（核雕继承人）have turned them into artworks instead.
Weifang nut carving goes back to the Qing Dynasty. During that time, an old imperial craftsman（皇家手艺人）Wang Dayan spread the skill to the local people in Shandong Province. Craftsmen back then often used peach pits（桃核）to show off their artistic skills. Because of the high level of carving skills needed, the traditional culture and its rich artistic theme, Weifang nut carving was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage（国家非物质文化遗产）in 2008.
“One nut, from 0.8 to 6 centimeters long, can be made into fan pendants, earrings, buttons, seals and so on,” said Tan Wanhai, 48, an inheritor of Weifang nut carving. Tan has studied the art of nut carving for 25 years and has created many nut carvings.
However, the craftsman also said that bringing this kind of artwork to life is not easy. “Unlike some pits like olive（橄榄）pits which have a flat surface, each peach pit has its own special texture（质地）like human fingerprints, “ Tan said, adding, that, craftsmen have to study each peach pit to carefully plan out their artwork.
Nut carving craftsmen also need to have knowledge in many areas. According to Tan, they have to master skills in painting, seal carving and calligraphy from many traditional cultures.
Thanks to their creative design and fresh ideas, Weifang nut carving artworks have been increasingly welcomed by people in China. More people are learning the art and have even become inheritors to pass down the skill to young people.
“Now, the number of inheritors is about 1,000. But I believe it could be bigger. More craftsmen now give up the tradition of passing down the skill only through the family and open it up to anyone who is interested in learning the skill,” said Tan.
39．Weifang nut carving was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage because of ________.
①the high level of carving skills needed         ②its rich artistic theme
③the traditional culture                      ④the popularity around the world
A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①②③④
40．What does the fourth paragraph mainly tell us?
A．The cultural value of nut carving. B．The knowledge craftsmen have to master.
C．The inheritor and his carving artworks. D．Difficulties craftsmen have.
41．What can we learn about the passage?
A．Weifang nut carving goes back to the Ming Dynasty.
B．Tan thinks there could be more inheritors of nut carving.
C．More craftsmen now give up the tradition of passing down the skill.
D．Each peach pit has a flat surface and it’s easy to carve on it.
42．What could be the best title for the passage?
A．Tan’s Nut Carving Achievements B．Amazing Artworks in China
C．Carving Artworks out of Nut D．The History of Nut Carving
【答案】39．A 40．D 41．B 42．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了一种特殊工艺——用坚果雕刻艺术品。
39．细节理解题。根据“Because of the high level of carving skills needed, the traditional culture and its rich artistic theme, Weifang nut carving was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage（国家非物质文化遗产）in 2008.”可知由于其精湛的雕刻技艺、深厚的传统文化以及丰富的艺术主题，潍坊坚果雕刻于2008年被列入国家级非物质文化遗产名录。故选A。
40．段落大意题。根据“However, the craftsman also said that bringing this kind of artwork to life is not easy...craftsmen have to study each peach pit to carefully plan out their artwork.”可知将这种艺术品带到生活中并不容易，每个桃核都有自己特殊的纹理，工匠们必须研究每一个桃核，仔细设计他们的艺术品。所以第四段讲述了工匠们在雕刻时遇到的困难，故选D。
41．推理判断题。根据“Now, the number of inheritors is about 1,000. But I believe it could be bigger. More craftsmen now give up the tradition of passing down the skill only through the family and open it up to anyone who is interested in learning the skill,” （现在，继承人的数量约为1000人。但我相信它可以更大。现在越来越多的工匠放弃了只通过家庭传承技艺的传统，向任何有兴趣学习这项技艺的人开放）可推知谭认为应该有更多的坚果雕刻传承人。故选B。
42．最佳标题题。根据“Many people may throw away the pits inside fruits after eating them, but inheritors of nut carving（核雕继承人）have turned them into artworks instead.”以及全文可知，本文主要介绍了一种特殊工艺——用坚果雕刻艺术品，故选C。
（2023·山东泰安·统考中考真题）

The movie Home Coming took the lead in the box office(票房) during the National Day holiday in 2022.
It tells a story that happened in North Africa. After a war breaks out there, two Chinese diplomats(外交官) are ordered to help evacuate the overseas Chinese. After completing the first task successfully, they learn that another group of Chinese citizens(公民) are still in great danger. Realizing that these people will die if they don’t give a hand, the two men travel through the war area. They risk their lives to help over 100 Chinese citizens go to a safe place. The movie not only shows how the two diplomats protect the people with courage, but also shows their deep love for the country and people.
Home Coming reminds many people of a similar real event which truly happened in Libya in 2011. Chinese Embassy(大使馆) helped the evacuation of more than 30,000 Chinese citizens. Behind this event were many efforts of Chinese diplomats. After watching the film, a man recalled his personal experience. “We are the lucky ones because we have a strong country and are well protected,” he said.
Home Coming is a success partly because of the growing national pride and confidence Chinese people have in our country. A comment(评论) reads, “Chinese passport might not get you anywhere you want, but it can always bring you back home.”
43．The movie Home Coming is about a story that happened in ________.
A．North America B．South America C．South Africa D．North Africa
44．What does the underlined word “evacuate” mean in the second paragraph?
A．躲藏 B．逃避 C．撤离 D．评价
45．How many Chinese citizens were evacuated in the real event in 2011?
A．Over one hundred. B．Over thirty thousand.
C．Over three million. D．Over three thousand.
46．According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT right?
A．The two diplomats protect the people with courage.
B．The two diplomats love the country and people deeply.
C．We Chinese have a strong country and are well protected.
D．Chinese passport can get you anywhere you want.
【答案】43．D 44．C 45．B 46．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了电影《万里归途》以及这部电影成功的部分原因是中国人民对我们国家日益增长的民族自豪感和信心。
43．细节理解题。根据“It tells a story that happened in North Africa.”可知电影《万里归途》讲述的是发生在北非的一个故事。故选D。
44．词义猜测题。根据“After a war breaks out there,”可知当地发生了战争，结合“two Chinese diplomats(外交官) are ordered to help evacuate the overseas Chinese.”可知外交官应该要开始协助撤侨，故选C。
45．细节理解题。根据“Chinese Embassy(大使馆) helped the evacuation of more than 30,000 Chinese citizens.”可知在2011年的真实事件中，有三万多的中国公民被撤离。故选B。
46．细节理解题。根据“Chinese passport might not get you anywhere you want, but it can always bring you back home”可知中国护照可能不能带你去任何你想去的地方，但它总能带你回家，D选项表述错误，故选D。
（2023·山西·统考中考真题）
请阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The 3 most wonderful train journeys provide the natural beauty of our motherland. Read on to see which line you want to start your journey with.
Xining to Lhasa
Length: around 1,900 km long        Price: 781 yuan for a soft sleeper
The railway line is popular with travellers who want to visit Tibet（西藏）. It is the longest high altitude（海拔）train trip in the world and is named as “the way to the sky”. Most of the line is over 4,000 meters. You can see Qinghai Lake outside the train’s windows.
Chengdu to Kunming
Length: around 1,100 km long      Price: 487.5 yuan for a second class
The railway line has been in service since July 1970. From Chengdu, with an altitude of 400 meters or so, the train goes up to about 2,000 meters across mountains. This line is called Geological Museum（地质博物馆）because of the special geography along the railway line.
Lhasa to Rikaze
Length: around 250 km long        Price: 64 yuan for a soft seat
This railway line connects to the Qinghai-Tibet Railway and has an altitude of above 3,600 meters. It makes Tibet travel easier for travellers, especially those who want to see Mount Qomolangma, the highest mountain in the world.
47．Xining to Lhasa Railway is called “the way to the sky” because ________.
A．most of it is over 4,000 meters
B．it gives travellers a feeling of flying
C．there are many high mountains along it
48．Mr. Green and his wife are planning a train trip from Chengdu to Kunming, they should pay ________ for their second-class tickets.
A．781 yuan B．975 yuan C．551.5 yuan
49．As for Chengdu to Kunming Railway, we can know that .
A．it is about 2,000 kilometers long
B．it has been in service for 70 years
C．the geography along the line is special
50．The railway from Lhasa to Rikaze makes it easier for travellers to see ________.
A．Qinghai Lake B．Geological Museum C．Mount Qomolangma
51．The three wonderful railway lines ________.
A．go across Tibet all the way
B．run from the east to the west of China
C．take us to enjoy the beauty of our motherland
【答案】47．A 48．B 49．C 50．C 51．C
【导语】本文介绍三条最精彩的火车之旅。
47．细节理解题。根据“It is the longest high altitude（海拔）train trip in the world and is named as ‘the way to the sky’. Most of the line is over 4,000 meters. ”可知，这是世界上最长的高海拔火车之旅，被称为“通往天空的道路”，大部分线路都超过4000米。故选A。
48．细节理解题。根据“Chengdu to Kunming   Price: 487.5 yuan for a second class”可知，成都到昆明的二等座是每人487.5元，所以格林先生和他的妻子应该付975元，故选B。
49．细节理解题。根据“This line is called Geological Museum（地质博物馆）because of the special geography along the railway line.”可知，由于成都到昆明铁路沿线的特殊地理位置，这条线路被称为地质博物馆。故选C。
50．细节理解题。根据“It makes Tibet travel easier for travellers, especially those who want to see Mount Qomolangma, the highest mountain in the world.”可知，这使得游客在西藏旅行更加方便，尤其是那些想要参观世界最高峰珠穆朗玛峰的游客。故选C。
51．细节理解题。根据“The 3 most wonderful train journeys provide the natural beauty of our motherland.”可知，三条最精彩的火车之旅展现了我们祖国的自然美景。故选C。
（2023·湖南岳阳·统考中考真题）
The Three Treasures of Dongting Lake (in 2023)



River porpoise(江豚)—has a round head with a pointed mouth(钝吻).
—is all gray white, looks like a dolphin(海豚).
—about 162 porpoises in Dongting Lake.
Milu deer(麋鹿)
—is a large animal fed on grass.
—is about 170~217cm long and 122~137 cm tall.
—weighs about 120~250 kilos.
—has a pair of special horns(角).
Migratory birds(候鸟)—come from the north in autumn and fly back in late spring the next year.
—about 500 kinds, nearly 298,000 birds in Dongting Lake.
52．How many river porpoises are living in Dongting Lake?
A．Around 170. B．Around 162. C．Around 137.
53．What’s the weight of an adult Milu deer?
A．About 250 kilos. B．About 110 kilos. C．About 90 kilos.
54．Migratory birds come to Dongting Lake in ________.
A．spring B．autumn C．winter
【答案】52．B 53．A 54．B
【导语】本文介绍了洞庭湖三宝——江豚、麋鹿和候鸟。
52．细节理解题。根据River porpoise(江豚) “—about 162 porpoises in Dongting Lake.”可知洞庭湖有大约162头江豚。故选B。
53．细节理解题。根据Milu deer(麋鹿) “—weighs about 120~250 kilos.”可知麋鹿重约120~250公斤。故选A。
54．细节理解题。根据Migratory birds(候鸟) “—come from the north in autumn and fly back in late spring the next year.”可知候鸟秋天从北方飞来。故选B。
（2023·湖南永州·统考中考真题）

C919, China’s self-developed large passenger plane, started its first commercial flight（商业飞行）from Shanghai to Beijing on May 28, 2023. The flight, run by China Eastern Airlines, took off as MU9191 at 10:32 a. m. from Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport with 128 passengers on board. It is due to land at Beijing Capital International Airport.
The C919 project began in 2007. Developed by the Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China, Ltd., the first C919 airplane rolled off the production line in Shanghai in November, 2015. In 2017, the plane finished its first flight.
55．When did C919 start its first commercial flight?
A．In 2015. B．In 2017. C．In 2023.
56．Where did the flight MU9191 take off?
A．Shanghai. B．Tianjin. C．Beijing.

【答案】55．C 56．A

【导语】本文主要介绍了中国自主研发的大型客机C919从上海飞往北京的首次商业飞行。
55．细节理解题。根据“started its first commercial flight（商业飞行）from Shanghai to Beijing on May 28, 2023.”可知C919是中国自主研发的大型客机，于2023年5月28日开始从上海飞往北京的首次商业飞行。故选C。
56．细节理解题。根据“The flight, run by China Eastern Airlines, took off as MU9191 at 10:32 a. m. from Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport with 128 passengers on board.”可知是从上海起飞的，故选A。
（2023·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）Bert won a national prize called Young Heroes for his “green” project. This public-spirited young person was now a university student. His love for insects grew deeper and he was protecting them for the future.
_________. When he was around 4 or 5, he always loved to watch different insects, especially beautiful swallowtails(凤蝶). One interesting fact he learned about swallowtails was that their bright colors warned hungry animals that they tasted bad. And it was also fun to watch how they came into being. But the reason he really fell in love with them was that they were very accessible. For example, if you wanted to attract (吸引) swallowtails, you planted some zinnias, a kind of bright flowers.
Bert started a zinnia garden at his house, where he raised a large number of swallowtails over the years. With the world’s swallowtail population falling, Bert wanted people to realize that if insects like swallowtails disappeared, so would all the others above them on the food chain. To make the fact clear and easy to understand for other students, he also created a zinnia garden at his junior high school.
Part of the joy for Bert was watching the younger students get excited when running after swallowtails. “Whenever a swallowtail lands on them, the young students will soon fall in love with these cute insects. They develop a new appreciation for them,” he said.
Bert put his efforts into the environmental educational project and made it take flight.
57．After Bert was honored with Young Heroes, _________.
A．he often gave speeches in public
B．he set up his “green” project
C．he became interested in swallowtails
D．he went on protecting insects
58．Which of the following can be put in _________?
A．Bert saved many swallowtails
B．Bert had a dull childhood
C．Bert found his love early in life
D．Bert made a hard decision
59．The underlined word “accessible” in paragraph 2 means “_________”.
A．dangerous to feed B．easy to get close to
C．hard to raise D．safe to reach
60．The main reason for Bert to create a zinnia garden at school was _________.
A．to watch students have fun
B．to make his school more beautiful
C．to stop swallowtails from disappearing
D．to help kids learn about swallowtails
61．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．A Bright Flower B．A Flying Project C．A Green Garden D．A Warning Action
【答案】57．D 58．C 59．B 60．D 61．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了因为“绿色”项目而获得“青年英雄”奖项的男孩Bert热爱昆虫并保护它们的故事。
57．细节理解题。根据“Bert won a national prize called Young Heroes for his ‘green’ project…His love for insects grew deeper and he was protecting them for the future”可知，获奖之后继续保护昆虫，故选D。
58．推理判断题。根据“When he was around 4 or 5, he always loved to watch different insects”可知，此处应介绍他从什么时候开始喜欢观察昆虫，C选项符合，故选C。
59．词义猜测题。根据“But the reason he really fell in love with them was that they were very accessible”及“For example, if you wanted to attract (吸引) swallowtails, you planted some zinnias, a kind of bright flowers”可知，如果你想吸引凤蝶，你就种一些百日菊，也就是凤蝶很容易接近，所以划线单词与easy to get close to同义，故选B。
60．细节理解题。根据“To make the fact clear and easy to understand for other students, he also created a zinnia garden at his junior high school”可知，是为了帮助孩子了解凤蝶，故选D。
61．最佳标题题。根据“Bert put his efforts into the environmental educational project and made it take flight.”及全文介绍可知，本文主要讲述了Bert热爱昆虫并保护它们的故事，所以B选项“A Flying Project”符合本文标题，故选B。
（2023·湖南永州·统考中考真题）

Have you ever noticed plastic waste everywhere in your community? Dr. Aboubacar Kampo has. He was living in Côte d’Ivoire, a country on the coast of West Africa, where plastic is a big environmental problem, compared with water and air pollution. Côte d’Ivoire’s biggest city, Abidjan, produces more than 300 tons of plastic rubbish a day, and only about 5% is recycled. “How can we turn plastic into something useful?” Kampo wondered.
So Kampo, who works for UNICEF, the United Nations Children’s Fund, googled, researched, and then noticed a company in Colombia, a country in South America. Plastic pollution is a problem there, too. Conceptos Plásticos, the Colombian company that Kampo read about online, recycles plastic waste and turns it into big, Lego-like bricks（砖）for building schools and houses.
Next, Kampo went to Colombia to learn about the company in person. He toured schools that were built with its bricks and the factory where the bricks were made. “Conceptos Plásticos gave us a solution.” Kampo said. He thought it could help with more than just the plastic problem. It could also improve children’s education.
According to UNICEF, 1.6 million children in Côte d’Ivoire don’t go to school. One reason is that there aren’t enough classrooms. For kids who do go to school, classrooms are often very crowded. Kids often sit on the floor and can’t stand up because there isn’t room to move around.
In 2018, UNICEF built its first classrooms in Abidjan, using bricks produced in Colombia by Conceptos Plásticos. Right away, the local education improved a lot. People couldn’t believe it at the beginning, that the classrooms were made of plastic. But now all the parents want their children in these classrooms. By the end of 2021 UNICEF had built 528 classrooms in Côte d’Ivoire. The new Conceptos Plásticos factory in Abidjan will soon be producing bricks from rubbish collected in children’s playgrounds and on the beach.
The environmental influence is huge. Kampo says it takes about five and a half tons of plastic and just a few weeks to build a classroom. Unlike traditional building, no cement（水泥）is needed. “It’s just a hammer（锤子）and those bricks.” he added.
62．What is the main problem Côte d’Ivoire faces?
A．Plastic pollution. B．Water pollution. C．Air pollution.
63．What can we learn about Conceptos Plásticos?
A．It’s a company in West Africa.
B．It recycles plastic waste online.
C．It offers bricks for building the classrooms in Abidjan.
64．Which of the following best describes the parents about their kids’ future in Paragraph 5?
A．Doubtful. B．Excited. C．Surprised.
65．How many tons of plastic are needed to build a classroom?
A．About 5.5 tons. B．Only about 15 tons. C．More than 300 tons.
66．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A．Building Green
B．An introduction to Kampo
C．Côte d’Ivoire’s Environmental Problem
【答案】62．A 63．C 64．B 65．A 66．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了哥伦比亚公司Conceptos Plásticos回收塑料垃圾并将其制成砖块，用于建造学校和房屋的故事。
62．细节理解题。根据“He was living in Côte d’Ivoire, a country on the coast of West Africa, where plastic is a big environmental problem, compared with water and air pollution.”可知Côte d’Ivoire主要面对的是塑料污染，故选A。
63．细节理解题。根据“In 2018, UNICEF built its first classrooms in Abidjan, using bricks produced in Colombia by Conceptos Plásticos.”可知它为在Abidjan建造教室提供砖块。故选C。
64．推理判断题。根据“People couldn’t believe it at the beginning, that the classrooms were made of plastic. But now all the parents want their children in these classrooms.”（一开始人们不敢相信教室是用塑料做的。但是现在所有的父母都希望他们的孩子在这些教室里。）可知父母对孩子的未来很激动，期待他们都在这样的教室里，故选B。
65．细节理解题。根据“Kampo says it takes about five and a half tons of plastic and just a few weeks to build a classroom.”可知建造一间教室需要5.5吨塑料，故选A。
66．最佳标题题。根据全文可知，本文主要介绍了哥伦比亚公司Conceptos Plásticos回收塑料垃圾并将其制成砖块，用于建造学校和房屋的故事，所以A选项最符合，故选A。
（2023·湖南永州·统考中考真题）

On June 3, the United States Fish & Wildlife Service（USFWS）announced that it would protect the tricolored bats. The animal would be listed under the Endangered Species Act. This follows a similar announcement, made in March, to protect the endangered northern long-eared bats. The two kinds of bats are in danger, mainly because of an illness called white-nose syndrome（综合症）.
“Bats play such an important role in keeping a healthy ecosystem.” USFWS director Martha Williams said. “But white-nose syndrome is destroying bats.” she added.
White-nose syndrome is caused by a fungus（真菌）. It is known to influence only bats, showing up on the animal’s nose and wings. The fungus grows in places that are cold, dark, and wet, like caves. As it hurts a bat’s skin, the animal’s behavior starts to change. The bat becomes more active than normal, wasting the energy it needs to live.
Worldwide, there are more than 1, 400 kinds of bats. Most bats are insectivores, which means they eat insects. In a single night, bats can eat insects of “up to half their weight.” This is good news for farmers, since bats eat insects that harm crops. According to the USFWS, the animals help U.S. farmers save more than $3 billion a year in insect control.
Nowadays there is no treatment for white-nose syndrome. But scientists are developing ways to help bats. A 2018 study found that a special light can kill the fungus. Researchers are also testing a fungus-fighting thing that can be placed around areas where bats live. And they’re working on a vaccine（疫苗）. Local villagers also provide suggestions. One example: set bat boxes. The USFWS says it will announce a decision about how to list the tricolored bats by late 2023. A decision about the northern long-eared bats is expected next month.
67．Why are the tricolored bats and the long-eared bats in danger?
A．Because of a special illness.
B．Because of their food.
C．Because of their living conditions.
68．How does the fungus kill a bat at last?
A．By changing a bat’s behavior.
B．By hurting a bat’s skin.
C．By wasting the energy a bat needs to live.
69．Why are bats helpful to farmers in the USA?
A．Because bats eat insects that harm crops.
B．Because there are more than 1, 400 kinds of bats.
C．Because bats cost them more than $3 billion each year.
70．What are the researchers doing to fight against the white-nose syndrome?
A．They are testing a special light.
B．They are working on a vaccine.
C．They are setting bat boxes.
71．What is the article mainly about?
A．A white-nose syndrome. B．Kinds of bats. C．Bats in danger.
【答案】67．A 68．C 69．A 70．B 71．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了长耳蝙蝠和三色蝙蝠被列为濒危动物名单，且说明了蝙蝠在保持生态系统健康方面发挥的重要作用。
67．细节理解题。根据“The two kinds of bats are in danger, mainly because of an illness called white-nose syndrome.”可知是因为一种名为白鼻综合征的疾病，所以三色蝙蝠和长耳蝙蝠处于危险中。故选A。
68．细节理解题。根据“As it hurts a bat’s skin, the animal’s behavior starts to change. The bat becomes more active than normal, wasting the energy it needs to live.”可知真菌是通过伤害蝙蝠的皮肤，让蝙蝠变得比平时更活跃，浪费了它生存所需的能量。故选C。
69．细节理解题。根据“In a single night, bats can eat insects of ‘up to half their weight.’ This is good news for farmers, since bats eat insects that harm crops.”可知因为蝙蝠可以吃危害庄稼的昆虫。故选A。
70．细节理解题。根据“And they’re working on a vaccine.”可知研究人员正在研制疫苗来对抗白鼻综合症。故选B。
71．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了长耳蝙蝠和三色蝙蝠被列为濒危动物名单，且说明了蝙蝠在保持生态系统健康方面发挥的重要作用。故选C。
（2023·湖南永州·统考中考真题）
Do Kids Need Homework?

School is a big part of life, not just for kids but for their families. There are many reports and discussions about what’s best for students. Everyone has their own opinions. And they don’t always agree.
Do kids need homework? It depends. Some readers from a famous magazine, think that the extra（额外的）work reviews what they have learnt in class. And it also helps teachers find where students need more help. Others say homework adds to students’ stress and takes time away from exercise or learning something new. In order to know what kind of homework kids should do and how much kids need, the magazine interviewed several kids.
Karen, 9
Kids need homework. When they learn something new in school, reviewing it at home helps them remember it. Our homework gives our teachers valuable information. It tells them how much students are paying attention in class and who needs extra help.
Michael, 9
In my opinion, giving students homework is a bad idea. After school kids need experiences that build a healthy mind and body. Homework is not supposed to stress kids out. When there is too much homework, students do poorly in homework. In fact, doing homework poorly is worse than doing no homework. As long as students are working hard in class, it’s best not to give them extra work.
Robert, 8
Kids need homework. But that depends. Middle and high school students can do more homework. At my school, primary students get homework, but not too much. My teacher might ask us to learn spelling words at home, and each week we’ll be given a test.
Susan, 11
Kids don’t need homework. They’re learning for six hours a day at school. Adding another hour of work for kids to do at home is just having them repeat what they’ve been doing all day. Besides, homework takes time away from activities like team sports. These are just as important as schoolwork, because they keep kids active.
72．What did the magazine do about homework?
A．It had a discussion. B．It did a report. C．It made an interview.
73．Who supports the idea of giving students homework?
A．Karen. B．Michael. C．Susan.
74．What will happen when homework is too much according to Paragraph 4?
A．Students will do no homework.
B．Students will do homework poorly.
C．Students will build a healthy mind and body.
75．What is Robert’s opinion about homework?
A．Primary students don’t need to do homework.
B．High school students can do more homework.
C．Homework just repeats what is learned in class.
76．What does “These” refer to（指代）in the last paragrapgh?
A．Kids. B．Subjects. C．Activities like team sports.
【答案】72．C 73．A 74．B 75．B 76．C
【导语】本文是关于“家庭作业”这个话题，对几位学生的采访。
72．细节理解题。根据“ In order to know what kind of homework kids should do and how much kids need, the magazine interviewed several kids.”可知关于“家庭作业”，杂志做了一个采访。故选C。
73．细节理解题。根据Karen, 9 “Kids need homework.”可知Karen支持写家庭作业。故选A。
74．细节理解题。根据“When there is too much homework, students do poorly in homework.”可知学生作业太多时，作业会做得很差。故选B。
75．细节理解题。根据Robert, 8 “Middle and high school students can do more homework.”可知中学生和高中生可以做更多的家庭作业。故选B。
76．词句猜测题。根据“Besides, homework takes time away from activities like team sports. These are just as important as schoolwork, because they keep kids active.”可知家庭作业会占用团队运动等活动的时间，团队运动等活动和作业是同等重要的。划线部分“These”指代前文“activities like team sports”。故选C。
（2023·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）

When the famous scientist Albert Einstein was 16 years old, he imagined himself riding alongside a beam (束) of light. He used this picture in mind to help him when working out the “theory of relativity(相对论)”. “Imagination is more important than knowledge,” said Einstein.
Daydreaming, called “thought experiments” by Einstein, can make you have wild imaginings, like flying around in space. It lets your mind walk slowly around ideas, memories and experiences that aren’t happening right now. It means thinking ahead to a holiday or remembering how much you enjoyed a birthday party. According to China’s health authorities(权威机构), daydreaming for a while each day can improve your health and creativity.
Disappearing into a daydream lets your mind escape when things are difficult. It helps you deal with worries and fears. For example, imagining how you’re going to speak up in class is like practicing the scene in your head, which can make you feel calmer. Daydreaming also inspires creativity and lets you find new worlds where there are no limits (限制) to what you can do or who you are. Guo Qiang, an expert in thoughts and feelings, thinks we should all make time to daydream. “Thinking for pleasure can be a powerful tool to shape our feelings,” he said.
However, try not to let your mind be absent when you need to focus (聚焦) in class or cross the road. Instead, find a time when you don’t have to focus on anything, like going for a walk or brushing your teeth. Guo suggests you can start by focusing on a happy memory or imagining a future success, like scoring a goal in the World Cup.
To encourage creativity, think about interesting ideas and see where your mind takes you. Research shows that people often come up with more solutions to problems after they’ve taken a break. So next time you’re stuck with homework, stop for a moment and see where your daydreams take you.
77．Which writing skill is used in paragraph 1?
A．Giving an example. B．Raising a question. C．Listing numbers. D．Comparing facts.
78．Daydreaming can make people _________.
A．fly around B．walk slowly C．think freely D．be absent-minded
79．Guo Qiang first suggests _________.
A．escaping from the hard time B．looking for new worlds
C．finding time to imagine D．focusing on success
80．What is mentioned in paragraph 4?
A．The steps to daydream.
B．The things to daydream of.
C．The reasons for daydreaming.
D．The meanings of daydreaming.
81．Daydreaming is talked about _________.
A．to remind people to have a mind break
B．to suggest living at the moment
C．to find solutions to homework problems
D．to show a science research result
【答案】77．A 78．C 79．C 80．B 81．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了白日梦的好处，并提醒人们要让大脑休息一下。
77．推理判断题。根据“When the famous scientist Albert Einstein was 16 years old...”可知开头通过爱因斯坦的例子引出了本文的话题。故选A。
78．细节理解题。根据“can make you have wild imaginings, like flying around in space”可知白日梦可以让你产生天马行空的想象，自由地思考。故选C。
79．细节理解题。根据“thinks we should all make time to daydream”可知他建议要找点时间去做白日梦。故选C。
80．细节理解题。根据“Guo suggests you can start by focusing on a happy memory or imagining a future success, like scoring a goal in the World Cup”可知此处提到了可以白日做梦的事情。故选B。
81．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了白日梦的好处，并提醒人们要让大脑休息一下。故选A。
（2023·重庆·统考中考真题）
① Green is the color of nature and the symbol of life. For thousands of years, humans have followed the laws of nature to live in harmony (和谐) with nature.
② That has been seen in ancient Chinese houses. Ancient Chinese often built their homes at the foot of the mountain with a river running nearby. The mountains could stop the cold wind from the north and the river provided water for life. Most houses were also built facing south or west so that the rooms were able to get enough sunshine in winter and keep cool in summer.
③ In modern times, humans didn’t follow the laws of nature during fast development. Luckily, it’s never too late to make changes.
④ Green development is the goal of all countries. On April 23, 2016, China signed the Paris Agreement on climate change, giving a strong push to the international efforts against global (全球的) warming.
⑤ Also in China, the government added green development to the country’s work plans. From 1999 to the end of 2018, by carrying out Mother River Protection Operation, China raised 600 million yuan to build over 5,700 green projects. Through international cooperation (合作), over 98.32 million trees were planted across China.
⑥ Denmark is a leading country in wind and solar technologies. This year Denmark has started the “Power-to-X” plan, providing about 1.25 billion kroner (about 1.27 billion yuan) for projects producing hydrogen (氢气).
⑦ Builders across the world are also playing a role in green development. In Chicago, pressed newspaper, recycled glass and plastic are used on buildings. In Bali, the green school is made from bamboo. The school gets its electricity (电) from solar panels (太阳能电池板), water power and a generator that burns farm waste.
⑧ Following the laws of nature is the only way out. A small move in one country may influence the global community as a whole. Let’s join our hands to make the world a better place for now and future.
82．What do we know about the ancient Chinese houses?
A．They were built on the mountains. B．They were built far from rivers.
C．They were built facing south or west. D．They were built to get enough wind.
83．How does the writer develop his idea in Paragraph 7?
A．By explaining the results. B．By raising questions.
C．By comparing differences. D．By giving examples.
84．Which of the following would the writer agree with?
A．Everyone is part of the green development.
B．Green buildings are the future of the world.
C．Green development is just protecting nature.
D．The future of humans depends on technology.
85．Which is the best structure of this passage?
A． B．
C． D．
【答案】82．C 83．D 84．A 85．C
【导语】本文介绍绿色是自然的颜色，也是生命的象征。人类遵循自然规律，与自然和谐相处。
82．细节理解题。根据“Most houses were also built facing south or west”可知，大多数房屋也朝南或朝西建造，故选C。
83．推理判断题。分析第七段内容可知，作者通过举例说明世界各地的建筑商也在绿色发展中发挥着作用。故选D。
84．推理判断题。根据“A small move in one country may influence the global community as a whole. Let’s join our hands to make the world a better place for now and future.”可知，一个国家的一个小举动可能会影响整个国际社会。让我们携起手来，为现在和未来创造一个更美好的世界。由此可知，作者认为人人都是绿色发展的一份子。故选A。
85．篇章结构题。分析文章内容可知，第①段总述，引出下文；第②、③段并列，分别介绍中国古代的房屋和现代人类的快速发展；第④⑤⑥段介绍现代人类的快速发展中各国的绿色发展，第⑦段介绍现代人类的快速发展中丹麦在风能和太阳能技术；第⑧段总结全文。故选C。
（2023·山东滨州·统考中考真题）
Do you often ask questions? Children are known for wanting answers to many questions because curiosity (好奇心) is part of human nature. Books and TV shows often depend on curiosity. People keep reading or watching because they want to find out what happens.
As we all know, curiosity provides many advantages. Many of history’s greatest discoveries were made by curious people. People wondered how things worked and how work could be done more quickly. Thanks to their curiosity, people now know far more about the world and have useful technology to help them. Even if you don’t plan to be an inventor or researcher, curiosity can still help you in the classroom. If you develop the curiosity of learning, classes will become more interesting. You will be good at them because you enjoy the process of learning. Even if you’re no longer a student, curiosity will make you an able worker.
What will you do if you’re not already curious? Luckily, curiosity is a skill that can be improved. Often, the more you learn about a topic, the more interesting it becomes. To improve your curiosity, get information from as many sources (来源) as possible when you learn about a topic. At the same time, read all kinds of books, watch or listen to speeches and ask questions. Don’t always get information in the same way. Instead, learn to understand the facts that different people know.
Don’t assume you already know everything. Instead, search for other possibilities and opinions. Remember, everyone knows something that you don’t know. Find out what it is, and ask about it. This lets you learn something and makes the other people happy by sharing their knowledge. Let’s try to become people who are full of curiosity.
86．Children like to ask questions because ________.
A．they are born with natural curiosity
B．they don’t know about the human nature
C．they are known for reading and watching
D．they don’t want to find the answers by themselves
87．What can curiosity help you in the classroom?
A．It can make you cleverer than before.
B．It can make the classes easier for you.
C．It can help you enjoy the process of learning.
D．It can help you feel relaxed in the classroom.
88．Which can be helpful to improve your curiosity?
A．Reading only one kind of book.
B．Showing others your knowledge.
C．Getting information in the same way.
D．Getting information from as many sources as you can.
89．What does the underlined word “assume” mean?
A．Worry. B．Think. C．Wonder. D．Forget.
90．What’s the best title of the passage?
A．Try to Be Curious B．Make Others Happy
C．Learn to Ask Questions D．Great Discoveries Made by Curious People
【答案】86．A 87．C 88．D 89．B 90．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了好奇心是人类天性的一部分，好奇心有很多优点，并介绍了如何培养好奇心。
86．细节理解题。根据“Children are known for wanting answers to many questions because curiosity (好奇心) is part of human nature”可知孩子喜欢问问题，因为好奇心是人类天性的一部分。故选A。
87．细节理解题。根据“You will be good at them because you enjoy the process of learning.”可知好奇心会帮助你喜欢学习的过程。故选C。
88．细节理解题。根据“To improve your curiosity, get information from as many sources (来源) as possible when you learn about a topic”可知为了提高你的好奇心，当你了解一个话题时，从尽可能多的来源获取信息。故选D。
89．词义猜测题。根据“Don’t assume you already know everything. Instead, search for other possibilities and opinions”可知不要认为你什么都知道，相反，寻找其他可能性和看法，故此处划线部分意为“认为”，和think意义相近。故选B。
90．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了好奇心是人类天性的一部分，好奇心有很多优点，并介绍了如何培养好奇心，故本文以“尽力保持好奇心”为标题最合适。故选A。
（2023·重庆·统考中考真题）
It’s often believed that only grown-ups can make a difference. Is it true? Teen Vogue interviewed some teenagers across the world. Get ready to be inspired (启发).
16-year-old Michael started using social media (to cheer up teenagers of his age to follow their dreams on his baseball blogs. Michael also wrote about sports people and how they would face their challenges.
Lesein, 14 years old, first learned about climate change when he was twelve years old. His home country of Kenya loses about 29,650 acres of forest each year.
With a deep love of soccer, Lesein started Trees for Goals, planting a tree for every goal he scored in a match. Later the school’s soccer and basketball teams all followed him. In 2019, almost 1,000 trees in forests outside of Nairobi were planted. Now the government provides trees for them to plant.
Alexis Lewis, a 15-year-old inventor, designed a simple wheelchair with bamboo to help poor people who need to transport children many miles to hospitals. Another invention of his is a special mask which can be thrown through a window of a smoke-filled building to people inside.
Alexis said, “People are dying because they can’t be saved in time. Another reason why I want to invent something is that I love physics and I use it to improve technologies.” Alexis also told our reporter that he wanted children to know that ▲ .
These young people are certainly shining examples to show you’re never too young to make a difference.
91．How did Michael influence other teenagers?
A．By following his dream. B．By using social media.
C．By talking to teenagers. D．By playing baseball.
92．What did Lesein do to help fight climate change?
A．He started Trees for Goals and kept planting trees.
B．He followed soccer and basketball teams to plant trees.
C．He planted almost 1,000 bamboos outside of his school.
D．He used social media to call on other children to plant trees.
93．Which of the following can be put in the ▲ ?
A．a small dream can make a big change to the whole world
B．inventors can be everybody who’s ever tried to solve a problem
C．we all should start planting trees to make the earth a better place
D．you don’t have to be an inventor unless you are good enough
94．What is the best title for this passage?
A．The Ways to Make a Difference B．Teenagers Are the Future of the World
C．An Interview with Teenagers D．Teenagers Can Make Changes to the World
【答案】91．B 92．A 93．B 94．D
【导语】本文介绍的是《Teen Vogue》采访的世界各地的一些有所作为的青少年。
91．细节理解题。根据“16-year-old Michael started using social media (to cheer up teenagers of his age to follow their dreams on his baseball blogs.”可知，16岁的迈克尔开始使用社交媒体鼓励同龄的青少年在他的棒球博客上追随他们的梦想。故选B。
92．细节理解题。根据“With a deep love of soccer, Lesein started Trees for Goals, planting a tree for every goal he scored in a match. Later the school’s soccer and basketball teams all followed him.”可知，出于对足球的热爱，莱辛创立了“进球树”，他在比赛中每进一球就种一棵树，后来学校的足球队和篮球队都这样做。故选A。
93．推理判断题。根据“People are dying because they can’t be saved in time. Another reason why I want to invent something is that I love physics and I use it to improve technologies.”可知，人们正在死去，因为他们不能被及时拯救。Alexis想发明一些东西的另一个原因是自己喜欢物理学，用它来改进技术。Alexis发明东西是为了解决问题，也想鼓励孩子发明家可以是任何试图解决问题的人，故选B。
94．最佳标题题。本文介绍的是《Teen Vogue》采访的世界各地的一些有所作为的青少年，故选D。
（2023·山东滨州·统考中考真题）
Showing respect for seniors

Dads have Father’s Day. Moms have Mother’s Day. Kids have Children’s Day. But, do our grandparents have a special holiday? Yes, they do!
The Double Ninth Festival is a special day for elderly people in China. The festival is on the ninth day of the ninth month of the lunar calendar. As the Chinese word for nine has the same sound as the word for long, people take the Double Ninth Festival to show their wishes of long life for elderly people.
There are many traditions for this festival. On that day, families get together and climb mountains for luck and in the hope that elderly people will live much longer. They also drink chrysanthemum wine (菊花酒) and wear a plant called zhuyu to celebrate it. Both chrysanthemum and zhuyu are regarded as clean plants that can clean houses and cure (治疗) diseases.
Respecting elderly people is shown not only on this special day but also in daily life. For example, when an older person enters a room, everyone stands up. When there are several guests at the table, the host usually introduces them from the oldest to the youngest. When a younger person is presenting something to an older person, two hands are used. On a crowded subway or bus, younger people always offer their seats to elderly people.
It is a traditional virtue (美德) in China to respect elderly people. That’s because the Chinese know that elderly people have knowledge and experience that young people can learn from. So, Chinese people are proud of being old. Besides, to respect the elderly people is to respect yourself tomorrow.
95．The Double Ninth Festival is a celebration for ________.
A．fathers B．mothers C．children D．elderly people
96．Which of the following may NOT be a tradition for the Double Ninth Festival?
A．Cleaning houses. B．Wearing the plant zhuyu.
C．Drinking chrysanthemum wine. D．Families climbing mountains together.
97．What is Paragraph 4 about?
A．Why we should respect elderly people.
B．Traditional ways of celebrating the festival.
C．What young people usually do on this festival.
D．Examples of respecting elderly people in daily life.
98．Which is NOT the correct way to respect elderly people?
A．We should offer seats to the old while taking a bus.
B．We should sit straight when the old come into a room.
C．We should use double hands to present things to the old.
D．We should introduce the oldest person first while eating at the table.
99．Why are Chinese people proud of being old?
A．It means they don’t have to work for others.
B．It means they have more virtues than others.
C．It means they have knowledge and experience.
D．It means what they did in the past was meaningful.
【答案】95．D 96．A 97．D 98．B 99．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了重阳节，列举了一些人们在日常生活中尊重老年人的例子，并讲述了尊重老年人是中华民族的一种传统美德。
95．细节理解题。根据“The Double Ninth Festival is a special day for elderly people in China”可知，重阳节是为老年人庆祝的节日。故选D。
96．细节理解题。根据“families get together and climb mountains”以及“They also drink chrysanthemum wine (菊花酒) and wear a plant called zhuyu”可知在重阳节这天，家人聚在一起爬山，喝菊花酒并佩戴一种名为“茱萸”的植物；选项A没有提到。故选A。
97．段落大意题。根据第四段“Respecting elderly people is shown not only on this special day but also in daily life”可知，第四段主要是一些人们在日常生活中尊重老年人的例子。故选D。
98．细节理解题。根据“when an older person enters a room, everyone stands up”可知当一个老年人走进房间时，每个人都站起来；选项B表示有误。故选B。
99．细节理解题。根据“That’s because the Chinese know that elderly people have knowledge and experience that young people can learn from. So, Chinese people are proud of being old”可知，中国人知道老年人有见识与经历，所以，中国人以年老为荣。故选C。
（2023·山东滨州·统考中考真题）
Children’s games in ancient China
During ancient times, children didn’t have smart phone, iPad or computer to entertain them. Instead, they came up with interesting games to play in their childhood. Let’s take a look.
Playing hide-and-seek
Hide-and-seek is a traditional game for children, popular around the nation. There are two ways to play: covering a child’s eyes while other kids run around to play a trick on him or, more commonly, others hide and one child must try to find them.

Flying kites
Kites have quite a long history in China. The earliest kites weren’t made of paper. They were made of wood instead. Nowadays, the three most famous kites are the Beijing kite, Tianjin kite and Weifang kite. Each has its own style. For example, the bird-shaped kite with long wings is a special kind of the Beijing kite.

Watching shadow plays
The most similar thing to watching a film during ancient times was going to see a shadow play. The artists controlled puppets (木偶) behind the screen to make the puppets move like people and tell stories. People liked listening to the music and enjoyed the beautiful puppets.

Kicking stone balls
During the Qing Dynasty (1644—1911), kicking a stone ball around was a popular sport in the northern part of China, and it was often played in the winter to keep warm. Stones were carved into small balls and kicked along with feet.

100．How can hide-and-seek be played?
A．One plays and others watch.
B．One must cry and others laugh.
C．One tries to find and others hide.
D．One runs and others try to catch.
101．In ancient China, the earliest kites were made of ________.
A．paper B．metal C．plastic D．wood
102．The game that’s like watching a film is ________.
A．kicking atone balls B．flying kites
C．watching shadow plays D．playing hide-and-seek
103．According to the passage, the game of kicking a stone ball was ________.
A．often played in winter B．popular in South China
C．invented in Beijing D．played to keep cool
104．From the passage we can learn that ________.
A．Tianjin is famous for the bird-shaped kite with long wings
B．the puppets could move like people with the artists’ controlling
C．kicking a stone ball was a popular game before the Qing Dynasty
D．all the children must cover their eyes while playing hide-and-seek
【答案】100．C 101．D 102．C 103．A 104．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国古代的儿童游戏。
100．细节理解题。根据“others hide and one child must try to find them”可知玩捉迷藏时，其他人躲起来，一个人找。故选C。
101．细节理解题。根据“The earliest kites weren’t made of paper. They were made of wood instead”可知最早的风筝是木头做的。故选D。
102．细节理解题。根据“Watching shadow plays...The most similar thing to watching a film”可知看皮影戏和看电影相似。故选C。
103．细节理解题。根据“kicking a stone ball around was a popular sport in the northern part of China, and it was often played in the winter”可知踢石头经常在冬天进行。故选A。
104．细节理解题。根据“The artists controlled puppets (木偶) behind the screen to make the puppets move like people and tell stories”可知艺术家们控制着屏幕后面的木偶，让木偶像人一样移动并讲述故事。故选B。
（2023·江苏苏州·统考中考真题）

Confucianism (儒家思想) has been followed by Chinese people for more than two thousand years.
To help people understand how to behave towards others, Confucianism teaches the Five Constants (五常). These are ren, yi, li, zhi and xin. They are general virtues (美德) around the world. The most important two are ren and li.
Ren is the feeling of care and love we should have for others. Confucius explained ren could best be understood as loving others. He is famous for teaching people “What you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others”. It is quite similar to what is known in the West as the Golden Rule (treat others as you wish to be treated).
While the meaning of ren is easy to understand, li is a little harder to express. It can be thought of as duty or even respect. Generally, li is the way we should connect with people in our everyday life. In Confucian writings, discussions about li include the proper way to drink tea and how to remember ancestors (祖先). While ren is mostly about our opinions and feelings, li is about how we express our opinions and feelings towards others and towards the world around us.
Perhaps the most well-known Confucian virtue is xiao. This is the duty children have to their parents. Xiao means loving, respecting, obeying and taking care of one’s parents in their old age. In Confucianism, xiao is important for a harmonious (和谐的) society: Without it, the whole world would fall into a mess.
105．Which are the most important of the Five Constants?
A．Ren and yi. B．Ren and li. C．Li and xin. D．Yi and zhi.
106．What is the best Chinese for the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3?
A．博学于文，约之以礼。 B．学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。
C．己所不欲，勿施于人。 D．君子和而不同，小人同而不和。
107．Which of the following is an example of li?
A．Building a peaceful society. B．Taking care of one’s children.
C．Obeying rules for drinking tea. D．Learning all through one’s life.
108．What does the passage mainly tell us about Confucianism?
A．Its general virtues. B．Its long history.
C．Its new challenges. D．Its golden rules.
【答案】105．B 106．C 107．C 108．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了儒家思想中的传统美德。
105．细节理解题。根据“The most important two are ren and li.”可知最重要的是仁和礼。故选B。
106．词句猜测题。根据“It is quite similar to what is known in the West as the Golden Rule (treat others as you wish to be treated)”可知，划线句子“What you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others”和“按照你希望被对待的方式对待他人”意义相近，即己所不欲勿施于人。故选C。
107．细节理解题。根据“ discussions about li include the proper way to drink tea and how to remember ancestors ”可知关于礼的讨论包括正确的喝茶方式和如何缅怀祖先。故选C。
108．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了儒家思想的传统美德。故选A。
（2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）
What would happen if you tried to blow a soap (肥皂) bubble in below-freezing weather? Would it freeze and fall to the ground? Would you have to hit it with a stone to break it? These questions came into my mind one cold winter day. It was too cold to play in the snow, but it was a perfect time to experiment with blowing frozen bubbles.
To blow frozen bubbles, I had to wait until the air outside was very cold. For this activity, that meant 10 degrees below 0 Fahrenheit or colder. I didn’t have the bubble things that come in a bottle, so I used dish-washing soap. Adding a drop of glycerin made the soap work even better. I chose a place out of the wind, and blew bubbles the same way I always do. I watched to see what would happen. Here’s what I learned.
If the temperature is low enough, the skin of the bubble frosts (结霜) over, becoming cloudy instead of clear. And what about those rainbow swirls (漩涡状物体) that you see in soap bubbles? The rainbow colors stay even (均匀的) when the bubbles frost, but they don’t spin anymore. The bubbles still float in the air. They don’t fall to the ground any faster than they would on a warm summer day.
When these frozen bubbles break, they don’t turn into tiny drops of soap as summer bubbles do. They turn into shiny rainbow pieces and fly slowly to the ground. Sometimes a frozen bubble will roll across the snow without breaking. If it breaks, it may leave a strong bubble skin on the ground. Leave the bubble alone and it may stay there for a long time.
Sometimes I could catch a bubble and hold it until the heat of my hand made it pop.
I learned one other thing about blowing frozen bubbles. It’s so much fun. I want to try it again next year!
109．How does the writer begin the passage?
A．By comparing two types of bubbles.
B．By describing the freezing cold weather.
C．By asking some questions about the subject.
D．By presenting the tools needed to do the experiment.
110．What is this passage mainly about?
A．Making soap that can work even better.
B．Making bubbles that will stay longer.
C．Inventing a new kind of soap that makes clearer bubbles.
D．Finding out what happens to bubbles in freezing temperatures.
111．According to the passage, what will happen if you blow frozen soap bubbles?
A．Cold enough, the skin of the bubbles will stay clear.
B．When the bubbles frost, the rainbow colors will spin faster.
C．A frozen bubble may roll across the snow without breaking.
D．When these frozen bubbles break, they turn into tiny drops of soap.
112．What is the best title for the passage?
A．A science club B．Broken bubbles
C．A happy child D．Frozen bubbles
【答案】109．C 110．D 111．C 112．D
【导语】本文主要介绍作者为了查明在低于冰点的天气里吹肥皂泡会发生什么而做了一个实验。
109．细节理解题。根据“What would happen if you tried to blow a soap (肥皂) bubble in below-freezing weather...”可知作者通过几个问题引出文章的话题。故选C。
110．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了作者为了查明在低于冰点的天气里吹肥皂泡会发生什么，作者做了一个实验。故选D。
111．细节理解题。根据“Sometimes a frozen bubble will roll across the snow without breaking”可知冰冻的气泡会在雪地上滚动而不破裂。故选C。
112．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了作者为了查明在低于冰点的天气里吹肥皂泡会发生什么，作者做了一个实验，故文章以“冻结的气泡”为标题最合适。故选D。
（2023·浙江台州·统考中考真题）

The race is on to get more electric cars on the road. People predict that electric cars might be more common in the future. But according to a 2021 survey by Pew Research Center, more than half of U, S, adults like gas-powered cars better. They say electric cars are expensive and charging (充电) them is a big problem. For now, most people plan to stick with gas-powered cars. We ask young readers what they think about electric cars.
Henry, 12 years old, San Francisco
I think we should all have electric cars. This would cut down air pollution and allow us to breathe better. Cleaner air also means there will be fewer animals dying. Think of all the lives we have lost by destroying our environment.
Some people think electric cars are pricey. But their prices are coming down. What’s more, gas costs a lot more than electricity. Once you use the gas, it’s gone. Anyway, I think we’re going to run out of gas at some point. This will make electric cars a need. Also, do you know that electric cars can travel 33 miles for about a dollar? You can’t say that for gas. All cars should be electric!
Sandy, 13 years old, New York
I don’t think all cars should be electric. First of all, charging stations are less common than gas stations. This makes electric cars a lot less convenient for long trips. What’s more, cold weather does harm to the batteries (电池). They can’t work well as usual. And electric cars are also more expensive than common cars. A new electric car usually costs around $ 11, 000 more than a new gar car. True, electric cars help slow climate change. But throwing batteries away can hurt our planet.
113．Over half of the American adults agree that electric cars ________ according to the survey.
A．have no problem in charging B．are bad for the environment
C．are expensive and less convenient D．can work better in cold weather
114．The underlined word “pricey” probably means “________”.
A．fast B．slow C．cheap D．expensive
115．Sandy develops her idea mainly by ________.
A．telling stories B．listing facts C．asking questions D．using sayings
116．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A．Should all cars be electric?
B．Will cars be common in the future?
C．Can electric cars help slow climate change?
D．Are gas-powered cars bad for the environment?
【答案】113．C 114．D 115．B 116．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了两个学生对于电动汽车的看法。
113．细节理解题。根据“They say electric cars are expensive and charging (充电) them is a big problem”可知超过一半的美国成年人认为电动汽车很贵而且充电是一个大问题。故选C。
114．词义猜测题。根据“Some people think electric cars are pricey. But their prices are coming down”可知转折词前表示电动汽车的价格很高，故划线部分意为“昂贵的”。故选D。
115．推理判断题。根据“charging stations are less common than gas stations...”可知Sandy通过列举了一些事实信息介绍自己的看法。故选B。
116．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了两个学生对于电动汽车的看法，故以选项A“所有的汽车都应该是电动的吗”为标题最合适。故选A。
（2023·浙江杭州·统考中考真题）
We all enjoy being part of a group—there’s no better work than teamwork, right? Actually, I disagree. Teamwork can be hard. In fact, it was so difficult that I left my office job and started working from home on my own. It’s a much better fit for me, and it has made me think about why teamwork can make our jobs harder rather than easier.
Personalities (个性) can make teamwork difficult. There’s often someone on the team that puts their needs first. The team often goes along with this person, whose ideas might not be the best, just the loudest. Just one difficult personality can make teamwork hard. Combine (结合) several challenging personality types, and it’s even harder.
Not having enough time together can also make teamwork challenging. For example, I was once on a team where we never had enough time to meet as a group. To successfully work as a team, you need time together—and lots of it.
A final reason teamwork is difficult is because there’s often no training on how to work on a team. You can’t just put people in a room and expect them to work well with each other. You need to build trust with your team members. Think of football players: They aren’t just given a ball and told to play. They practice, and they train.
Team can be hard, but working alone has its challenges, too. When my computer doesn’t work, I don’t have an IT person to turn to. When I have a great idea, I don’t have anyone to share it with to see if it really is a great idea. Don’t get me wrong—I still like my team of one and enjoy making all of the important decisions myself. But now I realize what was wrong with the teamwork I did in the past and how good teamwork could be if done correctly. And that’s useful information—because one day I might want to turn my ME TEAM into a WE TEAM.
117．Why did the writer choose to work from home on his own?
A．To keep himself busier. B．To keep himself healthier.
C．To make his job easier. D．To make his team harder.
118．Which of the following makes teamwork difficult?
A．Strong personality. B．Lots of teamwork time.
C．Challenging ideas. D．Clear team roles.
119．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．WE TEAM has hardly any advantages. B．ME TEAM needs a lot of IT engineers.
C．ME TEAM has no challenges for the writer. D．WE TEAM may be the writer’s choice one day.
120．What is the purpose of the text?
A．To show the advantages of teamwork. B．To tell the importance of teamwork.
C．To introduce the influence of teamwork. D．To explain the difficulties of teamwork.
【答案】117．C 118．A 119．D 120．D
【导语】本文主要解释了团队合作让工作变得困难的原因。
117．细节理解题。根据“Teamwork can be hard. In fact, it was so difficult that I left my office job and started working from home on my own.”可知，作者选择自己在家工作是因为团队合作太难了，他想让工作更简单。故选C。
118．细节理解题。根据“Personalities (个性) can make teamwork difficult.”可知，成员的个性会使团队合作变得困难。故选A。
119．细节理解题。根据“because one day I might want to turn my ME TEAM into a WE TEAM.”可知，“大家的团队”也许有一天会成为作者的选择。故选D。
120．主旨大意题。根据主旨句“Teamwork can be hard… and it has made me think about why teamwork can make our jobs harder rather than easier.”可知，本文的目的是为了解释团队合作让工作变得困难的原因。故选D。
（2023·江苏苏州·统考中考真题）
Teenagers need eight to ten hours of sleep per night. However, in adolescence (青春期) changes to the body’s sleep cycle make it difficult for teens to fall asleep early. Many cannot fall asleep until 10:30 p.m. or even later and most of them will feel sleepy if they have to get up too early.
Scientists recommend that both middle and high schools begin no earlier than 8:30 a.m. Later school start times support the natural needs of teenagers and increase their sleeping time.
Here are some other benefits of later school start times:
More time for a healthy breakfast
When running late in the mornings, students are likely to go without breakfast. With an empty stomach, one finds it difficult to focus (集中) in class. When they are always in a hurry, students may form unhealthy eating habits.
With extra time before going to school, students can eat a well-balanced breakfast and focus more on learning.
Fewer behavioral (行为的) problems
Teens experience mood changes as a common result of this special period of life. Less sleep may cause worries, stress and unhappiness.
When they get enough sleep, students are calm and peaceful and their moods do not change suddenly. They’re less likely to feel worried, unhappy or get angry. For parents, children with more sleep are easier to live with.
Better performance (表现) in study
Sleep loss hurts attention, memory and brain development. Students with less sleep have difficulty paying attention in class and are likely to have lower grades. Students with enough sleep can be more energetic during the day and more willing to learn. They are also less likely to fall asleep in class and more able to understand what they learn.
In conclusion, starting school later helps students get a better night’s sleep. It improves their chances of eating, behaving and performing better.
121．According to the passage, what may cause teenagers to stay up?
A．Their low grades. B．Their empty stomachs.
C．Their body’s sleep cycle. D．Their heavy homework.
122．How can sleep loss influence students’ study?
A．It gives them much energy. B．It does harm to the brain.
C．It saves more time for study. D．It improves their memory.
123．What’s the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage?
A．To explain reasons for students’ stress.
B．To describe bad habits caused by sleep loss.
C．To discuss scientists’ research on healthy food.
D．To introduce benefits of later school start times.
124．In which part of the website can you probably find this passage?
A．Education. B．Fashion. C．Sports. D．Technology.
【答案】121．C 122．B 123．D 124．A
【导语】本文讲述了推迟学生上学时间的一些好处。
121．细节理解题。根据“However, in adolescence changes to the body’s sleep cycle make it difficult for teens to fall asleep early.”可知青少年身体睡眠周期的变化是他们难以入睡。故选C。
122．细节理解题。根据“Sleep loss hurts attention, memory and brain development. Students with less sleep have difficulty paying attention in class and are likely to have lower grades.”可知睡眠不足会影响大脑发育。故选B。
123．推理判断题。根据“In conclusion, starting school later helps students get a better night’s sleep. It improves their chances of eating, behaving and performing better.”可知本文讲述了推迟学生上学时间的一些好处。故选D。
124．推理判断题。通读全文可知本文讲述了推迟学生上学时间的一些好处，是关于学生教育的，最有可能在“教育网站”看到这篇文章。故选A。
（2023·浙江台州·统考中考真题）
4 USEFUL EXPRESSIONS TO IMPROVE YOUR SPOKEN ENGLISH
Do you want to speak English easily and well? In this lesson, we’ll help you improve your spoken English with some really useful expressions. For example, “Tom went missing during the rainstorm last night, but luckily, he was found ▲ . “ Best of all, Americans use them a lot. They are really useful! OK? Let’s start!
Bright and earlyIf you get up “bright and early”, you get up very early in the morning.
Example: I like to get up bright and early every day on holiday so I can go for a swim before breakfast.

Fair and square If something such as a game or decision is “fair and square”, it’s honest and fair.
Example: I think I won that game fair and square, even though Mark would probably disagree with that.

Alive and well If someone is “alive and well”, they’ re finally safe after being in danger.
Example: I’m pleased to report that the missing climbers are all alive and well.

First and foremost We use “first and foremost” before we refer to the most important part of something; it’s like saying “most importantly”.
Example: First and foremost, I’d like to thank everybody for all their help.

125．The passage is mainly to help .
A．practice some reading skills B．understand some grammar rules
C．improve some writing methods D．learn some useful expressions
126．Which of the following can be the best to fill in “ ▲ “ in the passage?
A．bright and early B．fair and square
C．alive and well D．first and foremost
127．The passage can usually be read in the part of in a magazine.
A．English Corner B．Health Garden C．News Square D．Sports World
【答案】125．D 126．C 127．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了提高英语口语的4个有用表达。
125．推理判断题。根据“4 USEFUL EXPRESSIONS TOIMPROVE YOUR SPOKEN ENGLISH”可知，本文主要介绍了提高英语口语的4个有用表达。故选D。
126．词句猜测题。根据“Tom went missing during the rainstorm last night”和“If someone is ‘alive and well’, they’ re finally safe after being in danger.”可知，Tom昨晚在暴雨中失踪，因此还健康地活着是很幸运的，“alive and well”符合句意，故选C。
127．推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了提高英语口语的4个有用表达，来提高英语口语，因此文章与英语学习有关，故选A。
（2023·陕西·统考中考真题）
Chemistry is usually thought to be more difficult than other subjects, at least for the beginners. There are some reasons for this idea. For one thing, chemistry has a very specialized vocabulary（学科专用语汇）. At first, studying chemistry is like learning a new language. Also, some concepts（概念）of chemistry are hard to understand. However, with hard work and careful study, you can finish this subject successfully— and even enjoy it. Here are some suggestions to help you develop good study habits and better understand the topics in the book:
●Firstly, attend classes on time. Listen to your teacher and take careful notes in class. If possible, always review the topics you learn in class, and review your notes on the same day.
●Secondly, think carefully whether you really understand the meaning of a term or the use of an equation（方程式）. A good way to test your understanding is to explain a concept to a classmate or someone else.
●Thirdly, pay attention to things which have something to do with chemistry in life. Watch or do experiments in class carefully.
●Fourthly, question often and do not be afraid to ask your teacher or classmates for help.
You will find that chemistry is much more than numbers, formulas（分子式）and equations. It’s often used in daily life just like math and physics. Once you fall in love with it, you’ll get lots of fun.
128．How many suggestions does the writer give the readers?
A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six.
129．The writer thinks that a good way to test your understanding of the formula “H2CO3” is to ________.
A．write it on the blackboard B．read it aloud in class
C．explain it to someone else D．ask others the meaning of it
130．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A．Chemistry is more often used than physics.
B．Some concepts of chemistry are hard to understand.
C．Studying chemistry is like learning our mother language.
D．Chemistry is usually thought to be as difficult as other subjects.
131．The passage is mainly about ________.
A．differences between chemistry and physics B．the importance of chemistry and physics
C．why chemistry is hard for beginners D．how students study chemistry
【答案】128．B 129．C 130．B 131．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了帮助学生养成良好的学习习惯，更好地理解化学的建议。
128．细节理解题。根据“●Firstly...●Secondly...●Thirdly...●Fourthly”可知作者给读者4条建议，故选B。
129．细节理解题。根据“You will find that chemistry is much more than numbers, formulas（分子式）and equations. It’s often used in daily life just like math and physics.”可知作者认为测试你对“H2CO3”公式理解程度的一个好方法是向别人解释它。故选C。
130．细节理解题。根据“Also, some concepts（概念）of chemistry are hard to understand.”可知有些化学概念很难理解。故选B。
131．主旨大意题。根据“Here are some suggestions to help you develop good study habits and better understand the topics in the book:”可知本文主要介绍了帮助学生养成良好的学习习惯，更好地理解化学的建议，故选D。
（2023·浙江杭州·统考中考真题）
Cyclocross is cross-country bicycle racing. Racers spend only part of a race on their bikes because only part of the two-mile race is smooth. Other parts of the race have the challenge of obstacles (障碍). When racers reach them, they can ride over them, or pick up their bikes and run.
To be a top racer, you must dismount without slowing down at all. To do this, swing your right leg over the bike seat. At the same time, move the bike away from your body. This makes room for your right foot to hit the ground next to your left foot. As your right foot nears the ground, take your left foot away from the bike. Put both feet on the ground and start running!
As soon as you are running, you have to decide what to do with your bike. You may shoulder it or lift it. It’s important to practice both skills. Sometimes you need to run fast and jump over some obstacles. As your feet hit the ground, you reach down and catch the bottom of your bike. Lift up carefully and keep the bike on your right shoulder while you run. Sometimes you may lift your bike. You catch the top of your bike. Then you lift the bike high enough to get over the obstacles and carefully put the bike on the ground.
After you have carried your bike across an obstacle, you will need to remount. As soon as your bike is on the ground, push off with your left leg, swing your right leg over the bike seat, and move into riding position. Remounting can be the hardest skill of cyclocross. You can learn by watching someone who remounts well.
Cyclocross is a great way to stay active and have fun. However, it can be dangerous. Make sure that you are well prepared. Then, you will just need to go!
132．What can we learn about cyclocross from the text?
A．It’s a no-obstacle bike race. B．It’s a cross-city bike race.
C．It’s a challenging bike race. D．It’s a dangerous running race.
133．What does the underlined word “dismount” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Pick up a bike. B．Get off a bike. C．Get back on a bike. D．Practice riding a bike.
134．Why does a racer have to shoulder a bike in a race?
A．To jump over obstacles. B．To take care of the bike.
C．To make room for others. D．To hit the ground harder.
135．What is the text mainly about?
A．The skills of cyclocross racing. B．The history of cyclocross racing.
C．The records of cyclocross racing. D．The popularity of cyclocross racing.
【答案】132．C 133．B 134．A 135．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了越野自行车比赛的情况，以及成为一名顶级赛车手所要具备的技能。
132．细节理解题。根据“Racers spend only part of a race on their bikes because only part of the two-mile race is smooth. Other parts of the race have the challenge of obstacles”可知，这是一个有挑战性的比赛，故选C。
133．词义猜测题。根据“To be a top racer, you must dismount without slowing down at all. To do this, swing your right leg over the bike seat. At the same time, move the bike away from your body…”可知，要成为一名顶级赛车手，速度必须要快，而且要做到在不减速的情况下从自行车上下来，所以划线单词是指“get off a bike”，故选B。
134．细节理解题。根据“As soon as you are running, you have to decide what to do with your bike. You may shoulder it or lift it. It’s important to practice both skills. Sometimes you need to run fast and jump over some obstacles.”可知，扛着自行车是为了跳过一些障碍，故选A。
135．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了越野自行车比赛的情况，以及成为一名顶级赛车手所要具备的技能，故选A。
（2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）
阅读下列内容, 从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
China has made great achievements in biodiversity protection. Building a national park system is one of the greatest jobs that China has done so far. In October 2021, China’s first five national parks were designated (认定). They are home to nearly 30% of the earth’s key wildlife species (物种) found in China, covering a protected land area of 230,000 square kilometers. This table will inform you of the first five national parks—China’s treasures in nature.
Northeast China Tiger and
Leopard National Park
Locations: Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces
Landscapes: Mountains, hills, and valleys
Representative species: Siberian tiger, Amur leopard (豹)
Progress: Increasing population of protected animal species from the year of 2015 to 2022 — Siberian tigers: 27→50; Amur leopards: 42→60
Sanjiangyuan National Park
Locations: Qinghai Province and Xizang Autonomous Region
Landscapes: Glaciers, snow-capped mountains, high-altitude wetlands, deserts, alpine grasslands
Representative species: Snow leopard, Tibetan antelope
Progress: At present, the vegetation coverage of the grassland in the park has been over 60%, which is nearly 5% higher than that in 2015.
Giant Panda National Park
Locations: Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu provinces
Landscapes: Mountains, basins
Representative species: Giant panda, red panda
Progress: It is protecting over 70% of the wild giant panda population in the country. The population of protective animals in the park — Giant pandas 50+; Sichuan takins 1,300+
Wuyishan National Park
Locations: Fujian and Jiangxi provinces
Landscapes: Mountains
Representative species: Chinese pangolin, Cabot’s tragopan
Progress: Through reasonable development of 10% of its area, the park has holds its biodiversity conservation in 90% of its area under protection.
Hainan Tropical Rainforest
National Park
Locations: Hainan Province
Landscapes: Mountains
Representative species: Hainan black crested gibbon
Progress: The population of Hainan’s black crested gibbon in the wild — 1970s: 2 groups of 7 individuals (个体); At present: 5 groups of 36 individuals
136．What does the passage mainly tell us?
A．When China’s first five national parks were discovered.
B．Some general information of China’s first five national park!
C．What challenges China’s first five national parks are facing.
D．Some actions to protect the wildlife species in these parks.
137．According to the passage, which park has the most types of landscapes?
A．Wuyishan National Park.
B．Giant Panda National Park.
C．Sanjiangyuan National Park.
D．Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park.
138．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE about the progress of the parks?
A． B．
C． D．
【答案】136．B 137．C 138．A
【导语】本文是介绍中国首批五大国家公园的一些信息情况。
136．主旨大意题。根据“This table will inform you of the first five national parks—China’s treasures in nature.”以及整个文章的理解可知，主要是介绍中国首批五大国家公园的一些基本信息，故选B。
137．细节理解题。根据“Sanjiangyuan National Park”中的信息“Landscapes: Glaciers, snow-capped mountains, high-altitude wetlands, deserts, alpine grasslands”可知，三江源国家公园有最多种类的地形，故选C。
138．细节理解题。根据“Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park”中的信息“Progress: Increasing population of protected animal species from the year of 2015 to 2022 — Siberian tigers: 27→50; Amur leopards: 42→60”可知，从2015年到2022年，保护动物种群数量不断增加——东北虎：27→50；东北豹：42→60，故选A。
（2023·浙江杭州·统考中考真题）
Remember the delicious pizza that you created? For most of us, it takes a long time to learn how to make something tasty, but not for Remmi Smith. Still a teenager, she’s already creating fantastic dishes. She’s also becoming well known for her Italian salad dressing, which is delicious. And with her knowledge of social media (媒体), she’s making sure that everyone knows she’s here!
Remmi, who was born in China, now lives in the USA．She is just 16. She has already starred in two shows on cooking and her book of healthy recipes has recently come out. From the age of four, Remmi helped in the kitchen by preparing vegetables. By the age of seven, Remmi was a real food lover who could cook complete meals for her family. Remmi began making videos for fun. Her mother videoed her while she was cooking and put the videos online. A local TV station broadcast (播放) them. They then asked Remmi to create another show for them.
That show is mainly about Remmi’s interest, which is getting teenagers to take healthy eating seriously. She believes that when young people make their own food, they care more about what they eat. Remmi works with a company in the USA which shows her videos in school dining halls. About 3.5 million students watch her every day!
Remmi believes that young people can create a healthy meal for their family which doesn’t cost a lot. Her delicious recipes include vegetable paella and strawberry kebabs. In fact, strawberries, which are Remmi’s favorite food, appear in other recipes, including strawberry sandwich!
Her latest idea is a healthy-snack service. For a monthly subscription (订购), you receive snacks, which include fruit sticks and popcorn, and fun cooking activities that help you develop a healthy lifestyle.
139．When could Remmi make complete family meals?
A．From the age of four. B．By the age of seven. C．Over the age of nine. D．At the age of sixteen.
140．Why did the local TV station ask Remmi to make another show?
A．To create more recipes. B．To encourage healthy eating.
C．To show her media talent. D．To sell her cooking videos.
141．Which was the correct time order of the following events?
① Remmi’s book of recipes came out.    ② A TV station broadcast Remmi’s videos.
③ Remmi created a show for teenagers.    ④ Remmi’s mother put her videos online.
A．②③④① B．②④①③ C．④③②① D．④②③①
142．Which is the best title for the text?
A．An Expert of Social Media B．A Lover of Strawberry Dishes
C．A Young Star of the Kitchen D．A Teenage Star of TV Shows
【答案】139．B 140．B 141．D 142．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了雷米七岁时，就能为家人做全套的饭菜，现在她16岁，她已经出演了两个关于烹饪的节目，而且她的健康食谱书最近出版了。
139．细节理解题。根据“By the age of seven, Remmi was a real food lover who could cook complete meals for her family.”可知7岁的时候，Remmi就可以为家人做完整的饭菜。故选B。
140．细节理解题。根据“They then asked Remmi to create another show for them.”和“That show is mainly about Remmi’s interest, which is getting teenagers to take healthy eating seriously.”可知是为了让青少年认真对待健康饮食。故选B。
141．细节理解题。根据“Her mother videoed her while she was cooking and put the videos online. A local TV station broadcast (播放) them. They then asked Remmi to create another show for them.”可知首先是Remmi的妈妈把她的视频放到了网上，然后一家电视台播放了Remmi的视频，结合选项，D选项符合，故选D。
142．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了雷米七岁时，就能为家人做全套的饭菜，现在她16岁，她已经出演了两个关于烹饪的节目，而且她的健康食谱书最近出版了。所以C选项“年轻的厨房之星”符合，故选C。
（2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）
The scientific method is used for simple experiments that students may do in the classroom or very difficult experiments that scientists are doing all over the world. It is a way of thinking that helps you to avoid drawing incorrect conclusions.
There are usually four steps in the scientific method, including observation (观察), hypothesis (假设), experiment, and conclusion. The steps may not always be completed in the same order, but the first step is usually observation and asking a question about your observation. For example, you had a sick stomach, and ate a candy bar. An hour later, you observed that you felt much better. Here, you can ask a question, such as, “What makes a sick stomach feel better?”
The second step is to state a possible answer to the question, or a hypothesis, such as “” A good hypothesis includes three things: The explanation for the observations, it is able to be tested, and it will usually predict new outcomes or conclusions.
The third step is the experiment, to test the hypothesis. An experiment is a test which will either challenge or support the hypothesis. The hypothesis will then be true or false.
The final step is to think about what happened when you tested the hypothesis and draw a conclusion. The conclusion will either clearly support the hypothesis or it will not. If the results support the hypothesis, a conclusion can be written and you can share it with the rest of the world. If it does not support the hypothesis, you may choose to change the hypothesis or write a new one based on what was learned during the experiment.
143．Which sentence best expresses the main idea of the passage?
A．How do the four basic steps in the scientific method work?
B．What makes a good hypothesis based on the observation?
C．The conclusion will always clearly support the hypothesis.
D．Learning the scientific method may help students succeed in science.
144．Which sentence should go in the empty box in Paragraph 3?
A．A candy bar makes a sick stomach feel better.
B．It was the medicine you took an hour earlier that made you feel better.
C．Eat a candy bar again, and see what happens to your sick stomach.
D．Ask people if eating a candy bar has made a sick stomach feel better.
145．What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to (指的是)?
A．The hypothesis. B．The conclusion.
C．The question. D．The observation.
146．Which of the following sentences about the experiment is TRUE?
A．An experiment is a test to always support the hypothesis.
B．An experiment does not have to be part of the scientific method.
C．An experiment is a test to either challenge or support a hypothesis.
D．An experiment is only used when scientists are trying to prove a hypothesis.
【答案】143．A 144．A 145．B 146．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了基本科学方法包括四个步骤：观察、假设、实验和结论。
143．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了基本科学方法包括四个步骤：观察、假设、实验和结论。选项A“科学方法的四个基本步骤是如何工作的？”最能表达出文章主旨。故选A。
144．推理判断题。根据“A good hypothesis includes three things: The explanation for the observations, it is able to be tested, and it will usually predict new outcomes or conclusions.（一个好的假设包括三件事：对观察结果的解释，它能够被检验，它通常会预测新的结果或结论。）”可知A选项“一块糖能让恶心的胃感觉好一点。”是一个好的假设，是一个解释，且能够被检验。故选A。
145．词句猜测题。根据“The conclusion will either clearly support the hypothesis or it will not.”可知此处“it”指代前面的“The conclusion”，表示“结论要么明确地支持假设，要么结论不支持假设”。故选B。
146．细节理解题。根据“An experiment is a test which will either challenge or support the hypothesis.”可知实验是一种挑战或支持假设的测试。故选C。
（2023·四川眉山·统考中考真题）
Chinese, Japanese and Korean all have simpler number words. They express math concepts (概念) more clearly than English. The language difference has drawn lots of attention. Several recent studies have connected weaker math abilities of English-speaking children with English number words.
Chinese, for example, has just ten basic number words. English, however, has more than two dozen (一打). The trouble starts at 11. English has a word (eleven) for that number. Chinese, Japanese and Korean have words that can be translated as ten-one—spoken with the ten first. That makes it easier for these children to understand the place value (位值). And the students can easily see the number system comes from units of 10.
English number words over 10 don’t make the place value clear. Words for numbers 13 to 19 change the order of the ones and tens. Children often mix 17 with 71. As a result, children working with English number words have a harder time doing difficult calculations (运算). They make more mistakes.
It also feels more natural for Chinese speakers than for English speakers to use the make-a-ten method. When adding two numbers, Chinese students often break down the numbers into parts and regroup them into tens and ones. For example, 9+5 becomes 9+1+4. This method greatly helps students work out math problems. Many teachers in America are teaching their students the make-a-ten method. However, they are still having trouble because of the unclear and difficult English number words.
Now, you should feel lucky that you are learning math in China. Thanks to your mother language, all the math problems have become clearer and less difficult.
147．Several recent studies have found a connection between English number words and ________.
A．weaker math abilities of young learners of English
B．weaker math abilities of English-speaking children
C．stronger math abilities of young learners of English
D．stronger math abilities of English-speaking children
148．How many basic number words are there in English?
A．Ten. B．Eleven.
C．More than a dozen. D．More than two dozen.
149．If you use the make-a-ten method, what will 8+7 become?
A．6+2+7 B．7+1+7 C．8+1+6 D．8+2+5
150．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Why some Asian languages can make math learning easier.
B．Why some Asian languages are easier than English.
C．How Asian children do basic calculations within ten.
D．How children’s math abilities are judged in different countries.
【答案】147．B 148．D 149．D 150．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了为什么一些亚洲语言可以让数学学习变得更容易。
147．细节理解题。根据“Several recent studies have connected weaker math abilities of English-speaking children with English number words.”可知英语数字词与英语儿童数学能力较弱之间存在联系。故选B。
148．细节理解题。根据“English, however, has more than two dozen”可知英语有二十多种数字。故选D。
149．推理判断题。根据“For example, 9+5 becomes 9+1+4.”可知这是凑十法，所以 8+7可改为8+2+5。故选D。
150．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了为什么一些亚洲语言可以让数学学习变得更容易。故选A。
（2023·湖南衡阳·统考中考真题）
Motuo lies in the south of the Himalayas in Tibet. It is known as the “Natural Museum of Tibet”. It is home to all kinds of mountains, rivers, waterfalls, plants and animals its special geographic location (地理位置) makes it a beautiful place. It was one of the hardest places to reach and was the last city in China without a highway.
The construction (施工) of the first highway to Motuo started in the 1960s. However, it was no completed until over 50 years later. In 2014, the construction of its second highway—the Paimo Highway started. In October 2022, the construction of the main body of the highway was completed.
They are great engineering projects. In this area, earthquakes and heavy rains happened very often. There could be falling rocks or even landslides (滑坡). People must build many walls and nets to protect the two highways. Another challenge was the snow. Plenty of snow sometimes destroyed rocks and roads. As a result, the construction of the highways to Motuo was stopped several times. To solve this problem, people built a tunnel (隧道) that goes through the mountain area.
The two highways stand for the Chinese spirit of “never giving up”. They are ways to connect Motuo to the outside world and show how China cares about people in the far areas.
151．Where is Motuo?
A．It’s in the south of the Himalayas.
B．It’s in the north of the Himalayas.
C．It’s in the east of the Himalayas.
152．When did the construction of the first highway to Motuo start?
A．In the 1980s. B．In the 1970s. C．In the 1960s.
153．How must people deal with the falling rocks or even landslides according to the passage?
A．People must build a tunnel.
B．People must build a bridge.
C．People must build many walls and nets.
154．What do the two highways to Motuo stand for?
A．The Chinese spirit of “being hard-working”.
B．The Chinese spirit of “never giving up”.
C．The Chinese spirit of “being honest”.
155．What’s the main idea of the article?
A．To introduce the two highways to Motuo.
B．To explain the importance of Motuo.
C．To show the beauty of Motuo.
【答案】151．A 152．C 153．C 154．B 155．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了到墨脱的两条高速公路。
151．细节理解题。根据“Motuo lies in the south of the Himalayas in Tibet.”可知它在喜马拉雅山脉的南部。故选A。
152．细节理解题。根据“The construction (施工) of the first highway to Motuo started in the 1960s.”可知第一条通往墨脱的高速公路是在20世纪60年代开始建设的，故选C。
153．细节理解题。根据“There could be falling rocks or even landslides (滑坡). People must build many walls and nets to protect the two highways.”可知人们必须建造许多墙和网来保护这两条高速公路。故选C。
154．细节理解题。根据“The two highways stand for the Chinese spirit of ‘never giving up’”可知这两条高速公路代表着中国人“永不放弃”的精神，故选B。
155．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了到墨脱的两条高速公路。故选A。
（2023·湖南衡阳·统考中考真题）
阅读下面的短文，从答问题完成句子。
The Dolphin 1 is a kind of intelligent water rescue (救援) robot. It is independently developed by Yunzhou Technology, a company from Guangdong Province.
The rescue robot became famous for its successful rescue of a boy who was washed away by waves in Weihai, Shandong Province on Aug 9, 2022. The Dolphin 1 has many advantages. For example, it has high floatage (漂浮性), and its direction can be controlled. The Dolphin 1 can overturn (翻转) to adjust its position even in dangerous water conditions by itself. It is not hard to be remote-controlled (遥控) with one hand and the person who uses it does not need to have professional training before using it. When one accident happens, only one to two people are required to operate (操作) the robot for rapid rescue.
Since it was put into use, the Dolphin 1 has saved several people’s lives in Zhuhai’s Wanshan Island and coastal areas of Weihai. It has been put into operation in rescue tasks in Jiangxi and Henan provinces.
At present, the intelligent water rescue robot has been widely used in China. And more than 40 countries, including the United States of America, Spain, Italy, and Australia, have introduced the Dolphin 1 for rapid water rescue operations.
156．The underlined word “intelligent” in the first paragraph means “________” in Chinese.
A．智能的 B．时尚的 C．勤奋的
157．How many people are only required to operate the robot for rapid rescue if an accident happens?
A．One to four people. B．One to three people. C．One to two people.
158．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A．Advantages of the water rescue robot.
B．Research of the water rescue robot.
C．Opinions on the water rescue robot.
159．Where has the water rescue robot been put into operation in rescue tasks?
A．In Hunan and Jiangxi. B．In Jiangxi and Henan. C．In Hunan and Henan.
160．Which part of a newspaper might the passage come from?
A．Travel. B．Science. C．Culture.
【答案】156．A 157．C 158．A 159．B 160．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了智能水上救援机器人的好处以及它被投放使用对人类的帮助。
156．词义猜测题。根据“The Dolphin 1 is a kind of intelligent water rescue (救援) robot”及下文对这个机器人的介绍可知，它是一种智能水上救援机器人，故选A。
157．细节理解题。根据“When one accident happens, only one to two people are required to operate (操作) the robot for rapid rescue.”可知，当发生一起事故时，只需一到两个人就可以操作机器人进行快速救援，故选C。
158．主旨大意题。根据“The Dolphin 1 has many advantages”可知，本段介绍它的好处，故选A。
159．细节理解题。根据“It has been put into operation in rescue tasks in Jiangxi and Henan provinces”可知，它已经在江西和河南两省的救援任务中投入使用，故选B。
160．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了一种智能水上救援机器人，属于科学范畴，故选B。
（2023·江西·统考中考真题）
When we think of art, we probably think of painting a picture on a strong cloth or special paper, even on walls of a city. However, in many cultures people paint their faces instead.
①_________

In fact, face painting may be the very first form of art. Painting faces are in different colors and patterns. This has been part of people’s traditions for thousands of years. The way that people painted their faces can tell stories and lessons from the past.
②_________
People still paint their faces for lots of reasons. Patterns on faces connect people to a tribal (部落) family and can show who is the most important person in the family. For fighters, it is a way to make their enemies afraid. Face painting is also used in many ceremonies and special celebrations.
How is face paint important in theater?
Face paint was important in Japanese and Chinese ancient ceremonies. It was also used in traditional theatre to change the actors’ roles. Actors in those countries still wear white, black and red face paint today to show feelings and make the bad people look dramatic (戏剧性的) and awful.
③_________
Tribal people make face paint from the natural colors in plants and earth. Plant parts are used to make different colorings. The ingredients are dried over a fire and then made into a powder (粉末). This is then mixed with animal fat.
161．Match the title with each part.
a. Is face paint art?    b. Is wall painting a symbol?    c. Why paint your face?
d. How wear face paint?    e. Where does the paint come from?
A．①-a, ②-b, ③-c B．①-b, ②-e, ③-d
C．①-a, ②-c, ③-e D．①-b, ②-d, ③-c
162．How long has face painting been part of people’s traditions?
A．For a few years. B．For several centuries.
C．For about 100 years. D．For thousands of years.
163．Why did fighters paint their faces when they fought?
A．To look friendly. B．To look scary. C．To look funny. D．To look painful.
164．What can we know about face paint?
A．Painting on the walls is the first form of art.
B．Animal fat is used to make different colorings.
C．Patterns on faces can show people’s ages in a family.
D．Face paint in colors can show actors’ feelings in China.
165．Which of the following can be the best title?
A．Face Art. B．Traditional Painters.
C．Wall Paintings. D．Tribal Celebrations.
【答案】161．C 162．D 163．B 164．D 165．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了面部彩绘这种艺术形式。
161．标题归纳题。根据“In fact, face painting may be the very first form of art.”可知，本段说明了面部彩绘属于一种艺术，①处应填a项“面部彩绘是艺术吗”；根据“People still paint their faces for lots of reasons.”可知，本段解释了人们在脸上画画的原因，②处应填c项“为什么在脸上画画”；根据“Tribal people make face paint from the natural colors in plants and earth.”可知，本段介绍了颜料的来源，③处应填e项“颜料是从哪里来的”。故选C。
162．细节理解题。根据“Painting faces are in different colors and patterns. This has been part of people’s traditions for thousands of years.”可知，面部彩绘已经成为人们传统的一部分有数千年了。故选D。
163．细节理解题。根据“For fighters, it is a way to make their enemies afraid.”可知，战士们在战斗时把脸涂色是为了让敌人害怕。故选B。
164．细节理解题。根据“Face paint was important in Japanese and Chinese ancient ceremonies … Actors in those countries still wear white, black and red face paint today to show feelings”可知，在中国，演员的脸上涂上颜色可以表达他们的感受。故选D。
165．最佳标题题。根据首段“However, in many cultures people paint their faces instead.”和后文具体内容可知，本文主要介绍了面部彩绘这种艺术形式，A项最适合做标题。故选A。
（2023·湖南怀化·统考中考真题）
ChatGPT is a smart AI chatbot(聊天机器人) tool. It is developed by US company OpenAI. It is very popular all over the world. It is reported that over 89 percent of students have used ChatGPT to help with their homework. You can ask it to write stories and emails, translate languages, and answer all kinds of questions.
Some schools in the US, Australia and France don’t use ChatGPT. They are afraid that ChatGPT could make it easier for students to cheat (作弊) on homework. Some people also worry that ChatGPT could be used to give wrong information.
However, not all schools say “no” to ChatGPT. Some Canadian schools are making decisions on its use for both students and teachers. They will not stop the use of ChatGPT. Bhaskar Vira, a teacher at the school in Cambridge, said that not using ChatGPT is not clever. “We have to know that people will get used to an AI tool in our learning, teaching and examinations,” he told a school newspaper.
166．ChatGPT is a ______ AI chatbot tool.
A．strange B．useless C．smart
167．What can ChatGPT do?
A．Fly kites. B．Cook food. C．Write stories.
168．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．ChatGPT was developed by Canada.
B．ChatGPT can help with homework.
C．All schools in France use ChatGPT.
169．What’s the best title of the passage?
A．ChatGPT B．A Useless Tool C．The History of AI
【答案】166．C 167．C 168．B 169．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了ChatGPT的好处以及弊端。
166．细节理解题。根据“ChatGPT is a smart AI chatbot(聊天机器人) tool”可知，是一款智能AI聊天机器人工具，故选C。
167．细节理解题。根据“You can ask it to write stories and emails, translate languages, and answer all kinds of questions”可知，可以写故事，故选C。
168．推理判断题。根据“They are afraid that ChatGPT could make it easier for students to cheat (作弊) on homework”可知，它可以帮助学生们做作业，B表述正确，故选B。
169．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了ChatGPT的好处以及弊端，故选A。
（2023·浙江温州·统考中考真题）

A marathon is a long running race of 26.2 miles (42.195 kilometres). The first Olympic Marathon was held in Athens. Now, many cities host their own marathons every year. Some of the best-known marathons around the world are the New York City Marathon, the Boston Marathon and the Tokyo Marathon. Among them, the Boston Marathon which started in 1897, is the oldest yearly marathon in the world. As time goes by, the sport has become more than just a race.
Themes of marathons add fun and meaning to the hard miles. Runners run for helping sick kids, celebrating important events, or just enjoying nature. There is a famous marathon in Gisborne, New Zealand, which is known for being the first city in the world to welcome the sunlight every day. Runners can greet the sunrise as they race along the golden sandy beaches.
Marathon routes bring people more understanding of the old sport. Some routes provide great sporting challenges for runners. The routes offer various surfaces, from bridges to sand to hills. Runners of all skill levels can sweat freely and push their limits in the race. Some routes are well planned for runners to explore the many sides of a city. For example, the route of the Great Wall Marathon takes the runners along the great wonder of the world. The race can be an amazing chance to get to know Beijing, its people and local food.
A marathon is quite a journey for runners to enjoy the run, challenge themselves and experience the culture. There is so much more behind the race for us to explore.
170．According to the passages the oldest yearly marathon is ________.
A．the Tokyo Marathon B．the Olympic Marathon
C．the Boston Marathon D．the New York City Marathon
171．What might be the theme of the marathon in Gisborne?
A．First Light. B．Lively Kids. C．Green Miles. D．Fun Beach.
172．The writer uses the example of the Great Wall Marathon to tell that the route ________.
A．is difficult to plan B．shows the city culture
C．offers different surfaces D．brings challenge to runners
173．What’s the best title for the passage?
A．Marathon: Not Just a Race B．Marathon: Routes and Rules
C．Marathon: History and Thames D．Marathon: A Race for Everyone
【答案】170．C 171．A 172．B 173．A
【导语】本文介绍了马拉松比赛，它是一段享受跑步、挑战自我和体验文化的旅程。
170．细节理解题。根据“Among them, the Boston Marathon which started in 1897, is the oldest yearly marathon in the world.”可知波士顿马拉松赛是世界上最古老的年度马拉松赛。故选C。
171．细节理解题。根据“There is a famous marathon in Gisborne, New Zealand, which is known for being the first city in the world to welcome the sunlight every day.(在新西兰的吉斯伯恩有一场著名的马拉松比赛，它是世界上第一个每天都欢迎阳光的城市。)”可知“第一道光”可作为吉斯伯恩的马拉松主题。故选A。
172．细节理解题。根据“For example, the route of the Great Wall Marathon takes the runners along the great wonder of the world. The race can be an amazing chance to get to know Beijing, its people and local food.”可知长城马拉松是了解北京、北京人和当地食物的绝佳机会。故选B。
173．最佳标题题。本文介绍了马拉松比赛，它是一段享受跑步、挑战自我和体验文化的旅程。A选项“马拉松：不仅仅是一场比赛”为最佳标题。故选A。
（2023·江西·统考中考真题）
Why do We Yawn?
Do you yawn? There are about 20 reasons that scientists think are possible for yawning after research. They do not know exactly why yawning happens, but they do know many facts about yawning.

We know that everyone yawns in the same way. First you open your mouth slowly. Your mouth stays open for about five seconds. You take in a lot of air and then push it out. Then you quickly close your mouth. We also know that yawning is contagious. When you see someone yawn, you yawn, too.
Many people say they yawn because they are bored or tired. That might be true. People do often yawn before they sleep and after they wake up. However, we know that people also yawn when they are excited or nervous. Olympic runners, for example, often yawn before a race. Why is that? In 2007, scientists found that a yawn can help a warm brain cool down.
Some scientists believe that yawning makes you notice things more quickly. When you yawn, you breathe deeply. You also stretch (强化) the muscles (肌肉) in your face, mouth, and neck. Your eardrums stretch, too. Maybe this helps you to be quicker to notice things.
In some countries, people think yawning is not nice. People put their hands over their mouths to cover a yawn. In other countries, people think yawning is healthy. They think that opening the mouth very big can let good things in. When they breathe out, they think that bad things go out of the body with the air.
Scientists do not spend much time studying yawning. That is probably because yawning does not hurt. It is just something we do.
174．What does the underlined word “contagious” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Able to spread quickly. B．Able to breathe easily.
C．Able to change easily. D．Able to sleep quickly.
175．Why do Olympic runners often yawn before a race?
A．They are too tired or too bored.
B．A yawn can let good things in.
C．A yawn can help a warm brain cool down.
D．A yawn can stretch the muscles in their faces.
176．What is the main idea of Paragraph 5?
A．Reasons for yawning. B．Advantages of yawning.
C．Disadvantages of yawning. D．Different ideas about yawning.
177．What can we probably infer from the passage?
A．People use different ways to yawn.
B．Scientists will do further research on yawning.
C．It’s hard to notice things quickly while yawning.
D．Some scientists think yawning is good for people.
178．What would be the best structure of the passage?
A． B． C．D．
【答案】174．A 175．C 176．D 177．D 178．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了关于打哈欠的事实。
174．词义猜测题。根据“When you see someone yawn, you yawn, too.”可知当别人打哈欠时，你也会打哈欠，所以哈欠是会传染的，划线部分单词意为“能够快速传播”。故选A。
175．细节理解题。根据“In 2007, scientists found that a yawn can help a warm brain cool down.”可知科学家发现打哈欠可以帮助温暖的大脑冷静下来。故选C。
176．主旨大意题。根据“In some countries, people think yawning is not nice...In other countries...”以及本段内容可知本文主要介绍了不同国家对于打哈欠的看法。故选D。
177．推理判断题。根据“scientists found that a yawn can help a warm brain cool down”以及“Some scientists believe that yawning makes you notice things more quickly”可知科学家发现打哈欠会帮助大脑冷静下来，能让你更快地注意到事情，由此可推知一些科学家认为打哈欠对人有好处。故选D。
178．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出了话题；第二至第五段介绍了关于打哈欠的事实；第六段进行总结。故选B。
（2023·浙江绍兴·统考中考真题）

Do you get in trouble for feeding your dog on food from dinner under the table? A new study suggests that by sharing “people food”, you might actually be helping to keep your pet healthy.
Many dogs are fed dry processed food. Science has shown that a diet (饮食) of processed food is not healthy for humans. Scientists from the University of Helsinki, in Finland, say this diet is not good for our pet dogs, either.
The scientists discovered that the foods a dog might find in an owner’s home such as eggs, fish, meat and vegetables may be better than a diet of just dog food. This is because having different kinds of foods leads to more variety (多样性) in microbes, which are little living things, too small to be seen with our eyes. There are millions of them in human and animal bodies. Some are bad for us, but many are good for us, and they play important roles in helping us digest (消化)food.
A total of 8,500 young pet dogs took part in the study. 4,500 of them were under 6 months old, and the rest were between 6 and 18 months old. The owners were asked about what foods they had fed their pets and how often. When the dogs reached adulthood, their owners reported that about 20% of the dogs showed CE symptoms (慢性肠胃不适症状) such as weight loss. However, if dogs had been fed a mixed diet while young, it was 22% less possible for them to experience CE symptoms later in life.
Dr. Anna Hielm-Bjorkman told The Times of London, “Dog foods on sale are described as providing a complete diet... But what we show is that variety is important. Nobody would give 12 years of the same food to a child—why should a dog be different?”
179．According to the new study, dog owners ________.
A．must offer dry food to their dogs B．can feed dogs on “people food”
C．had better buy more processed food D．shouldn’t make food by themselves
180．Paragraph 3 mainly explains why ________.
A．dogs need different kinds of foods B．little living things stay in human bodies
C．scientists study dry processed food D．people should keep dogs at home
181．How does the writer describe the study in Paragraph 4 to make it believable?
A．By using pictures. B．By giving examples. C．By telling stories. D．By listing numbers.
182．Which part of a magazine is the passage probably taken from?
A．History. B．Business. C．Science. D．Culture.
【答案】179．B 180．A 181．D 182．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍通过分享“人类食物”，实际上可能有助于保持宠物健康。
179．细节理解题。根据“A new study suggests that by sharing “people food”, you might actually be helping to keep your pet healthy.”可知，一项新的研究表明，通过分享“人类食物”，你实际上可能有助于保持你的宠物健康。故选B。
180．段落大意题。根据“This is because having different kinds of foods leads to more variety (多样性) in microbes”以及本段内容可知本段主要解释了为什么狗需要不同种类的食物。故选A。
181．细节理解题。根据“When the dogs reached adulthood, their owners reported that about 20% of the dogs...”可知，本段主要通过列数字使研究可信，故选D。
182．推理判断题。本文主要科普通过分享“人类食物”，实际上可能有助于保持宠物健康。由此推知，可能在科学版块看到这篇文章，故选C。
（2023·浙江绍兴·统考中考真题）
Has a person ever warmly held a door open for you? How do you feel after playing with friends? And what would you say is your favourite family memory? These questions have one thing in common: they’re all about connecting with people. “Let’s Connect” is the theme of this year’s Children’s Mental (心理的) Health Week. It improves mental health by building healthy social connections.
Humans naturally connect with others, whether that’s family, friends or people in our community. Healthy connections give people energy and support we all need people to celebrate and share our worries with. Social connections aren’t just about mental health; they improve physical health too, helping us to live a long life. Research suggests being lonely can slowly harm your health. Humans’ need for connection is different from person to person, but what’s important is not how many relationships you have, but how good your relationships are.
Then how to connect with others? “You can reach out and connect with people in so many different ways,” says Julia Clements of Place2Be, the organizer behind Children’s Mental Health Week. You can connect in person or online, with your friends, parents, teachers or classmates. It’s not just people, either. “Some people feel connected with their pets or in nature,” says Clements. She advises making time to build more connections through actions as well as words. Being kind, listening to others and trying new experiences are all good tools.
Everybody may feel lonely sometimes and refuse to talk to others. Keep in mind that connections change—some become stronger, while others stop. “Remember that there are always people that care for you,” advises Clements. She says it’s important to tell someone you trust about how you are feeling, or safe organizations such as Childline or Shout. They can help, whether you’re looking to form new connections or repair a strained (紧张) relationship that is important to you.
183．The writer uses three questions in the beginning to ________.
A．express worries about humans B．lead into the topic “social connections”
C．introduce health problems D．interest readers in family memory
184．Paragraph 2 is mainly about the ________ of connecting with others.
A．ways B．popularity C．importance D．rules
185．Clements may agree that ________.
A．it is better to connect with pets than people
B．using words is the best way to build connections
C．people should only communicate with others face to face
D．talking to others can be helpful to a lonely person
186．The passage is most probably written for ________.
A．teachers B．parents C．children D．doctors
【答案】183．B 184．C 185．D 186．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍健康的社会关系来改善心理健康。
183．推理判断题。根据“Has a person ever warmly held a door open for you? How do you feel after playing with friends? And what would you say is your favourite family memory? These questions have one thing in common: they’re all about connecting with people.”可知，作者用问题得出共同点：它们都是关于与人交往的；结合“It improves mental health by building healthy social connections.”可知，是为了引出“社会关系”这一话题，故选B。
184．段落大意题。分析“Healthy connections give people energy and support we all need people to celebrate and share our worries with. Social connections aren’t just about mental health; they improve physical health too, helping us to live along life. Research suggests being lonely can slowly harm your health.”可知，介绍了健康的人际关系和社会关系的好处，以及孤独的坏处。所以本段主要介绍的是与他人联系的重要性，故选C。
185．推理判断题。根据“She advises making time to build more connections through actions as well as words.”和“Everybody may feel lonely sometimes and refuse to talk to others. Keep in mind that connections change-some become stronger, while others stop.”可知，她建议花时间通过行动和语言来建立更多的联系，每个人都有孤独的时候，会拒绝和别人说话，但是与人联系会产生改变。由此可知，克莱门茨可能会同意与他人交谈对孤独的人有帮助这一看法。故选D。
186．推理判断题。根据“You can connect in person or online, with your friends, parents, teachers or classmates.”可知，你可以亲自或在线与你的朋友、父母、老师或同学联系。由此推知，本文是写给孩子们的，故选C。
（2023·天津·统考中考真题）
About 80% of people do not get enough vitamin (维生素) D every day. But this vitamin is very important for your health.
Vitamin D is really important for our bones (骨骼). When we are young, vitamin D builds up our bones and makes them strong. When we are older, we still need vitamin D to keep our bones strong. Our bodies keep the vitamin D in our bones and teeth. Then we lose vitamin D as we work and exercise during the day. But our bodies can’t make vitamin D．So we have to get it from outside of our bodies.
Where can a person get this very important vitamin? Vitamin D is in foods like fish and eggs. Sometimes, vitamin D is added to bread, milk, and orange juice. Food is not the only way our bodies can get vitamin D．The sun also gives us vitamin D．If we want to be healthy, we should spend some time in the sun each day. Too much sun is not good for you, but about 15 minutes a day is usually enough. And we should be sure to eat foods that are rich in vitamin D, too.
187．The writer says that vitamin D ________.
A．makes our bones strong B．keeps our hair clean
C．is not necessary for our teeth D．is harmful to our hearts
188．Why do we have to get vitamin D from outside of our bodies?
A．It makes us popular. B．It helps us eat more food.
C．Our bodies can’t make vitamin D． D．The more vitamin D, the better.
189．According to the writer, people can get vitamin D by ________.
A．eating fish B．watching TV C．working hard D．having a sleep
190．How long are we advised to spend in the sun each day?
A．About 15 minutes. B．About 45 minutes. C．About 1 hour. D．About 2 hours.
191．Paragraph 3 mainly tells us ________.
A．what vitamin D is B．where we can get vitamin D
C．how much vitamin D we need D．why people don’t like vitamin D
【答案】187．A 188．C 189．A 190．A 191．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了维他命D的重要性及如何获取维他命D。
187．细节理解题。根据“When we are young, vitamin D builds up our bones and makes them strong. When we are older, we still need vitamin D to keep our bones strong.”可知维他命D能使我们骨骼强壮。故选A。
188．细节理解题。根据“But our bodies can’t make vitamin D. So we have to get it from outside of our bodies.”可知必须从体外获取维他命D是因为我们的身体不能产生维他命D。故选C。
189．细节理解题。根据“Vitamin D is in foods like fish and eggs.”可知可以通过吃鱼来获取维他命D。故选A。
190．细节理解题。根据“If we want to be healthy, we should spend some time in the sun each day. Too much sun is not good for you, but about 15 minutes a day is usually enough.”可知我们被建议每天在阳光中花费大约15分钟。故选A。
191．段落大意题。根据“Where can a person get this very important vitamin?”及全段内容可知第三段主要讲我们从哪里获得维生素D。故选B。
（2023·安徽·统考中考真题）
What makes you fall asleep? The main cause is your body clock, a time-keeper inside your body. But how to control and use your body clock? Scientists suggested having a shower before bed. Jumping into the shower around an hour before bed could mean you sleep better.
A warm shower helps you relax, and then after it warms you up, your core（核心）body temperature drops. This encourages you to fall asleep more quickly and sleep more soundly.
A study in 2019 said that a water temperature of 40℃ to 42. 4℃ produces the best-quality（最优质的）sleep. After people lie down, most of them take about 20 minutes to fall asleep. However, if you have a shower one to two hours before going to bed, you will fall asleep 10 minutes earlier.
Core body temperature drops naturally before you sleep, then drops further during the night. It rises again as you wake up. It is thought that taking a warm shower will speed up the drop in temperature before bed, as it brings blood to the surface of the body, and then the heat is given off.
192．What did scientists suggest people do before bed to sleep better?
A．Sleep an hour earlier. B．Jump into bed.
C．Have a warm shower. D．Set a time clock.
193．What does the underlined word “soundly” probably mean?
A．Deeply. B．Poorly. C．Kindly. D．Slowly.
194．Which water temperature produces the best-quality sleep according to the study?
A．44.2℃ B．41.5℃ C．36.4℃ D．32.4℃
195．In which part of a newspaper can you find the text?
A．Art. B．Weather. C．History. D．Health.
【答案】192．C 193．A 194．B 195．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了控制和使用的生物钟的一个方法——在睡觉前一小时左右洗一个热水澡能帮助人们睡觉。
192．细节理解题。根据“Jumping into the shower around an hour before bed could mean you sleep better”可知，建议睡觉前冲个澡，故选C。
193．词义猜测题。根据“This encourages you to fall asleep more quickly and sleep more soundly.”可知，能让你更快地入睡，睡得更香，所以划线单词与deeply词义相近，故选A。
194．细节理解题。根据“A study in 2019 said that a water temperature of 40℃ to 42. 4℃ produces the best-quality（最优质的）sleep”可知，40到42℃的水温能产生最优质的睡眠，故选B。
195．推理判断题。通读全文，本文主要介绍了在睡觉前一小时左右洗一个热水澡能帮助人们睡觉，与健康有关，故选D。
（2023·天津·统考中考真题）
Most people love animals. Many children’s books use animals as the main characters. Many people look after animals as pets. The love for animals may be why both children and adults (成年人) enjoy going to zoos.
In the past, zoos were usually started by rich people. The first zoo was started by a queen in Egypt in 1500 BC． Raising animals was a way for people to show they were wealthy and powerful. Sadly, the animals in the early zoos were not treated well. They didn’t receive enough attention or care.
Today, zoos still bring people pleasure, but they try to protect animals and teach people as well. Zoos must follow rules. People must provide animals with a clean place to live, food and water, and health care. In this way, the rules help protect the animals.
Some people think the rules are not enough. They want to do more to protect the animals they love. For example, people disapproved of the use of some large animals in shows. They thought the zoos didn’t have enough space for the animals to show. They also thought the animals were not treated properly. With so many people against the shows, the zoos decided to make a change.
People see animals in zoos. At the same time, they try to learn about and protect them. Both people and animals can get a lot from each other.
196．Who started the first zoo?
A．A queen in Egypt. B．A king in Egypt. C．A queen in England. D．A king in England.
197．How does the writer feel about the animals in the early zoos?
A．He doesn’t care about them. B．He feels sad for them.
C．He is proud of them. D．He is afraid of them.
198．According to the passage, zoos today must ________.
A．train people for shows B．help look after family pets
C．provide health care for tourists D．follow the rules to protect animals
199．The phrase “disapproved of” in Paragraph 4 means “________”.
A．wrote about B．depended on C．were against D．were good at
200．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Large animals in shows. B．Famous zoos around the world.
C．Animals in the wild. D．Zoos in the past and today.
【答案】196．A 197．B 198．D 199．C 200．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了早期动物园以及如今的动物园的作用，但是我们还需做更多的事情来保护所爱的动物。
196．细节理解题。根据“The first zoo was started by a queen in Egypt in 1500 BC.”可知埃及的一位女王创办了第一个动物园。故选A。
197．推理判断题。根据“Sadly, the animals in the early zoos were not treated well. They didn’t receive enough attention or care.(可悲的是，早期动物园里的动物没有得到很好的对待。它们没有得到足够的关注和照顾。)”可推知作者为它们感到难过。故选B。
198．细节理解题。根据“Today, zoos still bring people pleasure, but they try to protect animals and teach people as well. Zoos must follow rules...In this way, the rules help protect the animals.”可知现在的动物园要遵循规则去保护动物。故选D。
199．词句猜测题。根据“For example, people disapproved of the use of some large animals in shows. They thought the zoos didn’t have enough space for the animals to show.”可知一些人认为动物园没有足够的空间来展示动物，所以应是反对在表演中使用大型动物。划线部分“disapproved of”与C选项“反对”意思相近。故选C。
200．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了早期动物园以及如今的动物园的作用，但是我们还需做更多的事情来保护所爱的动物。故选D。
（2023·安徽·统考中考真题）

In Dengfeng today, there are more than 50,000 students learning kung fu, a traditional art in China. They come to learn it for many reasons. Some hope to become film stars. Others come to learn skills that will help them get good jobs in future. A few are sent by their parents to learn self-control and hard work.
“Attracting （吸引）new students to traditional kung fu has become a problem,” says Hu Zhengsheng, who teaches it at a small school in Dengfeng. Hu fears that his art will soon die out. “It’s hard to convince（说服）kids to spend many years here, because the life of kung fu learners is not easy or interesting,” he says.
Hu’s students have to sleep in unheated rooms and keep training hard outside whatever the temperature. To learn kung fu well they must have a strong will and learn respect（尊重）as well.
For old traditions to live on, the young must learn and pass them down. Recently, to attract new students, Hu has brought some changes into his kung fu lessons to make them lively and interesting. Hopefully, more and more students will show interest in learning kung fu.
201．What does “it” underlined in paragraph I refer to（指的是）?
A．Kung fu. B．Film. C．Self-control. D．Chinese.
202．What does Hu Zhengsheng fear?
A．His students don’t respect him. B．He cannot work at a large school.
C．His art cannot be passed down. D．There aren’t enough kung fu teachers.
203．What has Hu done to attract new students’?
A．He has offered better living conditions. B．He has given jobs to their parents.
C．He has promised them a better future. D．He has made changes in his lessons.

【答案】201．A 202．C 203．D
【导语】本文主要学生们学习功夫的原因，以及吸引学生们来学习传统功夫成了一个问题，以及想出的解决办法。
201．词义猜测题。根据“In Dengfeng today, there are more than 50,000 students learning kung fu, a traditional art in China. They come to learn it for many reasons”可知，此处指学习功夫的原因有很多，所以it指代Kung fu，故选A。
202．细节理解题。根据“Hu fears that his art will soon die out”可知，担心他的艺术很快就会消亡，故选C。
203．细节理解题。根据“Recently, to attract new students, Hu has brought some changes into his kung fu lessons to make them lively and interesting”可知，为了吸引新学员，在功夫课上做了一些改变，使其生动有趣，故选D。
（2023·云南·统考中考真题）
Nature is amazing! Take a close look at the world of insects (昆虫), you’ll discover many unbelievable things. Consider butterflies, for example. They have beautiful, colorful wings, and strong, fantastic flying skills. On summer days, you always see them flying freely over flower gardens and wild fields.
But, did you know how butterflies become the flying insects? It’s one of the amazing wonders of nature. In the beginning, female butterflies lay a small and colorful egg on a leaf or stem (茎) of a plant.
It’s hard to believe that the egg will become something completely different in a few days. It becomes a walking insect. This insect is called caterpillar. It now has legs, eyes and a large body. A new life has begun. The caterpillar can eat, walk and see. But it is still not a butterfly.
Soon, after growing big, the caterpillar makes a cover for itself. It covers itself in the nice protective blanket (保护层) and goes to sleep. This stage is known as the “pupa (蛹)” stage.
After a period of time, the blanket breaks and a wet, weak butterfly appears. It now has six legs, a mouth, eyes and wings. Shortly, the wings fill with blood, and the beautiful, colorful butterfly spreads its wings and flies away.
After a few weeks, this adult butterfly lays her eggs, and the cycle begins all over again.
This is just one example of the wonders of nature. Look around the natural world, and you will learn many truly amazing things.
204．What is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 1?
A．Butterflies are a kind of insect. B．Butterflies are good at flying.
C．Butterflies have colorful wings. D．Butterflies have a good sense of smell.
205．What does the underlined word “caterpillar” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese?
A．幼虫 B．雏鸟 C．飞蛾 D．蝴蝶
206．What is the right order of the development process (发育过程) of a butterfly?
① It becomes a pupa.         ② It becomes a walking insect.
③ Female butterflies lay an egg.     ④ It spreads wings and flies away.
A．①→②→③→④ B．①→②→④→③
C．③→②→①→④ D．③→②→④→①
207．Which of the following best describes a butterfly after the blanket breaks?
A．It has legs, eyes and a large body. B．It has legs, eyes and a mouth.
C．It has six legs, a mouth, eyes and wings D．It has legs, eyes, a mouth and a large body.
208．What can be the best title for the text?
A．One Insect, Different Colors B．One Insect, Four Lives
C．The Kinds of Butterflies D．The Habits of Butterflies
【答案】204．D 205．A 206．C 207．C 208．B
【导语】本文主要讲了蝴蝶生命中的四个阶段。
204．细节理解题。根据“Consider butterflies, for example. They have beautiful, colorful wings, and strong, fantastic flying skills. On summer days, you always see them flying freely over flower gardens and wild fields.(以蝴蝶为例。它们有美丽多彩的翅膀，以及强大而神奇的飞行技能。在夏天的日子里，你总能看到它们在花园和田野上自由地飞翔。)”可知第一段提到蝴蝶是一种昆虫，擅长飞行，有彩色的翅膀。并未提及蝴蝶的嗅觉很灵敏。故选D。
205．词句猜测题。根据“It’s hard to believe that the egg will become something completely different in a few days. It becomes a walking insect. This insect is called caterpillar.”可知蛋变成了一只会走路的昆虫，叫作“caterpillar”，划线单词的含义为“毛毛虫”。故选A。
206．细节理解题。根据“In the beginning, female butterflies lay a small and colorful egg”；“It becomes a walking insect. This insect is called caterpillar.”；“This stage is known as the “pupa (蛹)” stage.”；“After a period of time, the blanket breaks and a wet, weak butterfly appears.”可知蝴蝶经历的四个阶段是：蛋、毛毛虫、蛹、蝴蝶。故选C。
207．细节理解题。根据“After a period of time, the blanket breaks and a wet, weak butterfly appears. It now has six legs, a mouth, eyes and wings.”可知有六条腿，一张嘴，眼睛和翅膀。故选C。
208．最佳标题题。本文主要讲了蝴蝶生命中的四个阶段。B选项“一个昆虫，四个生命”为最佳标题。故选B。
（2023·湖南怀化·统考中考真题）
In China, there are 24 solar terms (节气) in a year. And there are six solar terms in winter. They are beginning of winter, light snow, heavy snow, winter solstice (冬至), lesser cold (小寒) and greater cold.
Beginning of winter usually falls on November 7th or 8th. On this day, after a year of hard work, people are happy to have a rest and spend time with the family. The northern China celebrates beginning of winter as the “Small Spring Festival”. People usually have dumplings and mutton soup on that day.
Light snow usually falls on November 22nd or 23rd and heavy snow usually falls on December 7th or 8th. When winter solstice comes, it brings the shortest days of the year and the longest nights. Many places around the country can expect the coldest weather.
Greater cold comes after lesser cold. The field is covered with snow. And all Chinese are ready to welcome the Spring Festival after it. Of course, a new round of solar terms will start.
209．How many solar terms are there in winter?
A．Five. B．Six. C．Seven.
210．What do people in the northern China usually have on beginning of winter?
A．Dumplings and mutton soup.
B．Noodles and fish.
C．Rice and chicken.
211．When does heavy snow usually fall?
A．On November 22nd or 23rd.
B．On December 1st or 2nd.
C．On December 7th or 8th.
212．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Beginning of winter.
B．The solar terms in winter.
C．Greater cold.
【答案】209．B 210．A 211．C 212．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了冬季的6个节气。
209．细节理解题。根据“And there are six solar terms in winter.”可知，冬天有六个节气，故选B。
210．细节理解题。根据“The northern China celebrates beginning of winter as the ‘Small Spring Festival’. People usually have dumplings and mutton soup on that day.”可知，通常在这一天吃饺子和羊肉汤，故选A。
211．细节理解题。根据“Light snow usually falls on November 22nd or 23rd and heavy snow usually falls on December 7th or 8th.”可知，大雪通常在12月7日或8日，故选C。
212．主旨大意题。根据“And there are six solar terms in winter. They are beginning of winter, light snow, heavy snow, winter solstice (冬至), lesser cold (小寒) and greater cold”可知，本文主要介绍了冬季的6个节气，故选B。
（2023·山东烟台·统考中考真题）
April 23 is known as World Book Day. The idea of setting a day to encourage reading came out from UNESCO (联合国教科文组织) in 1995. In fact, it started long before that in Spain. In 1922, Spanish writer Vicente Clavel Andrés suggested the idea as a way to honor their famous writer Miguel de Cervantes. Four years later, the first celebration took place on October 7, Cervantes’ birthday. In 1930, it was moved to April 23, the date of his death.
Every year since 2001, one city around the world is chosen to be the UNESCO World Book Capital for a year. The task of the city is to carry out activities to encourage “a culture of reading and spreading its values in all ages in and out of the country.”
Though no Chinese cities have been chosen as the World Book Capital so far, a recent national survey shows a steady (稳定的) rise in reading as a habit in China. According to the survey, each Chinese adult read an average of 4.78 printed books and 3.33 e-books in 2022, both a bit higher than the figures from 2021. Besides, listening to audiobooks(有声读物) was another rising habit, with 35. 5 percent of adults saying they were used to listening to them.
Reading books gives people the chance to look into different worlds and meet new people both real and imagined. Ancient Chinese believed in the saying: Read ten thousand books and travel ten thousand miles. Reading is a way to learn from the past, understand the world, and get life wisdom (智慧). So make every day World Book Day!
213．When did Spain first hold a celebration to honor Cervantes?
A．In 1922. B．In 1926. C．In 1930. D．In 1995.
214．What should a World Book Capital city do?
A．Help sell books to all ages.
B．Spread UNESCO’s values.
C．Organize readers to visit the city.
D．Carry out reading activities.
215．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to (指代)?
A．Printed books. B．E-books.
C．Audiobooks. D．Cultural books.
216．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?
A．The meaning of a Chinese saying.
B．The importance of reading books.
C．The method of getting life wisdom.
D．The way of looking into different worlds
【答案】213．B 214．D 215．C 216．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了“世界读书日”的由来、世界图书之都的意义以及读书的重要性。
213．细节理解题。根据“In 1922,...Four years later, the first celebration took place on October 7, Cervantes’ birthday.”可知，第一次庆祝是在1926年，故选B。
214．细节理解题。根据“The task of the city is to carry out activities to encourage ‘a culture of reading and spreading its values in all ages in and out of the country.’”可知，世界图书之都的任务是开展活动，鼓励“一种阅读文化，并在国内外各个年龄段传播其价值观”。故选D。
215．代词指代题。根据“Besides, listening to audiobooks(有声读物) was another rising habit, with 35. 5 percent of adults saying they were used to listening to them.”（此外，听有声书是另一个日益增长的习惯，35.5%的成年人表示他们习惯听有声书）可知，划线的them指的是上文提到的“有声书”，故选C。
216．段落大意题。根据“Reading books gives people the chance to look into different worlds and meet new people both real and imagined...”可知，本段主要讲述了读书的重要性，故选B。
（2023·浙江温州·统考中考真题）
Taihu Tunnel, 10.79 kilometres long and 43.6 metres wide, has been the longest underwater tunnel in China. It stands out as one of the “2022 China’s Top 100 Buildings in the New Era”.
When building Taihu Tunnel, the project team faced many challenges, such as high safety risks and time limit. To deal with them, they made workable plans. They divided the tunnel construction into 19 parts. The construction of each part mainly took four steps.
Step 1 Remove. The team built a cofferdam to remove water from the area, so the workers could go inside and do their work in dry conditions.
Step 2 Clear. The team dug deep into the lake bed, and cleared the soil and stones out in order to make space for the next step.
Step 3 Build. The team built the floor, walls and roof of the tunnel in this step. They used high-quality building materials to waterproof the tunnel.
Step 4 Backfill. The team put the soil and stones back. Then this part of the tunnel was buried deep down the lake bed.
The construction of the 19 parts was streamlined. The project team used a new method. The work group of each step moved to the next part and repeated their work after they finished the work in the previous part. Different work groups co-operated well with each other. From part to part, the construction started from the opposite ends, and got connected somewhere in the middle. The construction took about four years to complete, shorter than people had expected.
The drivers’ safety is fully considered in Taihu Tunnel. There are 200,000 LED lights on the ceiling of the tunnel. They show vivid pictures of blue sky, starry night and so on. The pictures can help drivers fight tiredness and travel through the tunnel safely. Besides, there are two systems in the tunnel. The police can check the traffic situation through a monitoring system. If traffic accidents happen, the police can give instructions and warn drivers in the tunnel over an audio system to prevent further accidents.
The construction of Taihu Tunnel shows great value in engineering and the tunnel brings much convenience to people living nearby.
217．Which picture shows how a “cofferdam” works?
A． B．
C． D．
218．The construction of Taihu Tunnel ______.
A．was divided into four parts B．look more time than people had expected
C．started from the middle of the lake D．was completed by using a streamlined method
219．What can we learn from Paragraph 8?
A．Pictures in the tunnel can help keep drivers safe.
B．Drivers can control the LED lights in the tunnel.
C．The police can warn drivers through a monitoring system.
D．An audio system can help drivers check the traffic situation.
220．What is the main purpose of the passage?
A．To advise people to protect Taihu Tunnel.
B．To introduce the construction of Taihu Tunnel.
C．To share the advantages brought by Taihu Tunnel.
D．To tell the difficulties of constructing Taihu Tunnel.
【答案】217．D 218．D 219．A 220．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了太湖隧道的建造。
217．推理判断题。根据“The team built a cofferdam to remove water from the area, so the workers could go inside and do their work in dry conditions.”可知该团队建造了一个围堰来清除该地区的水，所以它是用来清除水的，选项D符合。故选D。
218．细节理解题。根据“The construction of the 19 parts was streamlined...The construction took about four years to complete, shorter than people had expected”可知太湖隧道采用流线法施工完成。故选D。
219．细节理解题。根据“The pictures can help drivers fight tiredness and travel through the tunnel safely”可知这些图片可以帮助司机克服疲劳，安全地通过隧道。故选A。
220．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了太湖隧道的建造。故选B。
（2023·山东烟台·统考中考真题）
AI (人工智能) can help teenagers and students learn in several ways.
Personalized learning: AI can know better about students, including their advantages, weaknesses, skills, learning favorites, learning needs, and so on. Then it can create a proper learning plan for each student. This can help students concentrate on areas that they need to improve at their own speed.
Interactive (交互的) learning: AI has the ability to make learning more interactive and interesting. Things like interactive learning apps and educational games can make subject learning more interesting. What’s more, they can make students interested in a subject at once. This kind of active learning is sure to be more helpful than studying alone.
Automated (自动的) advice and help: AI can provide automated advice and answers to questions. It can examine students’ work and provide personalized help. For example, ChatGPT can answer students’ questions quickly in a private, low-pressure way. This kind of advice and answers can help students better understand knowledge and use their knowledge.
Greater resources (资源): AI can make many of the students’ learning resources richer and wider, like electronic textbooks, online courses, and study apps. For example, a biology textbook with AI technology may provide interactive 3D models of a human body that students can study more carefully. AI can provide interactive examples, introduce important passages, and offer assessments (评价).
In a word, AI has a great ability to improve studying and learning. By using AI, students can study smarter and reach higher levels of learning and success. The future of AI in education is hopeful as technologies continue to develop.
221．What can AI do by knowing better about students?
A．Get more learning experiences.
B．Find out students’ learning speed.
C．Know more about learning favorites.
D．Offer proper personal learning plans.
222．How might students feel about educational games?
A．Traditional. B．Interesting. C．Difficult. D．Knowledgeable.
223．Why does the writer give an example of a biology textbook in Paragraph 5?
A．To show biology is easy to learn.
B．To describe something more about 3D．
C．To introduce a way of assessment.
D．To show AI can provide rich resources.
224．What’s the best title (标题) for this passage?
A．AI—a smart help for learning B．AI needs new technologies
C．AI is much better than a teacher D．AI—hopeful or hopeless
【答案】221．D 222．B 223．D 224．A
【导语】本文介绍了人工智能如何通过多种方式帮助青少年和学生学习。
221．细节理解题。根据“AI can know better about students…Then it can create a proper learning plan for each student.”可知，通过更好地了解学生，AI能够提供合适的个人学习计划。故选D。
222．细节理解题。根据“Things like interactive learning apps and educational games can make subject learning more interesting. What’s more, they can make students interested in a subject at once.”可知，学生会觉得教育游戏很有趣。故选B。
223．推理判断题。根据“Greater resources (资源): …For example, a biology textbook with AI technology may provide interactive 3D models of a human body”可知，作者以生物课本为例，来说明本段的中心：AI可以提供丰富的资源。故选D。
224．最佳标题题。通读全文，重点结合首段和尾段可知，本文介绍了人工智能对学生学习的多方面帮助，A项适合做标题。故选A。
（2023·浙江金华·统考中考真题）
①Does life sometimes seem to be full of impossible problems? How many times, for example, do you find yourself saying things like “I really don’t understand this Maths problem”, or “I can’t get into the school team”? Well, maybe it’s time to introduce yourself to the power of “yet”. By adding this simple word, you can change everything. “I really don’t understand this Maths problem yet.” “I can’t get into the school team yet.” Suddenly, the impossible becomes possible. You can imagine those things happening.
②I read about a school that has changed the way it marks its students’ exams. The school find out that the old pass/ fail system wasn’t helping students’ motivation(积极性). If you passed, then great, but those students who didn’t pass often felt like failures. So now students who don’t pass the exams will not see a big red F on their papers; they see a “Not yet” instead. That way the students feel that they are on a journey. They haven’t reached the end, but they know that they are going the right way.
③This kind of thinking is part of what experts call “having a growth mindset”. People with a growth mindset don’t concentrate on failure. They aren’t worried by not getting things right the first time and are happy to keep trying until they do. They enjoy the challenge and believe they can change. In contrast, people who just focus on the failure have what the experts call “a fixed mindset”. These people are always worried about failure and are happy to give up when things don’t go right. They don’t think that they are able to change. Clearly, it is better to have a growth mindset than a fixed mindset.
④But don’t worry if you think that you have a fixed mindset. ________. Remember that it all starts with questioning the things you believe about yourself. Stop believing that you can’t or you haven’t and realize that you just can’t or haven’t yet. Once you start doing this, you’ll wonder why you didn’t do it before. It’s one small but very powerful word.
225．The example in Paragraph 2 is to ________.
A．express a feeling B．describe a problem C．show the result D．support the topic
226．According to the passage, which one of the following has “a growth mindset”?
A．Jack got an “A” in the exam. He was quite happy to tell his parents.
B．David failed in a competition, but he stays confident and keeps trying.
C．Jenny found it hard to work out the maths problem, so she gave it up.
D．Emma was refused by school team. She didn’t want to have another try.
227．Which of the following can be put into ________?
A．Experts will help you grow up healthily in mind
B．You can train yourself to develop a growth mindset
C．Everyone has his own advantages and disadvantages
D．You can change everything by adding the small word “yet”
228．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A．The Power of “Yet” B．Two Different Mindsets
C．Nothing Is Impossible D．On the Way to Success
【答案】225．D 226．B 227．B 228．A
【导语】本文讲述了Yet“然而”是一个很有分量的词，且在我们成长过程中起着重要的作用。
225．推理判断题。根据“Well, maybe it’s time to introduce yourself to the power of ‘yet’. By adding this simple word, you can change everything.”和“I read about a school that has changed the way it marks its students’ exams. The school find out that the old pass/ fail system wasn’t helping students’ motivation(积极性)...They haven’t reached the end, but they know that they are going the right way.”可知第二段通过介绍“然而”的运用，可以改变成绩不合格的学生思维方式，以此来证明作者的观点。故选D。
226．推理判断题。根据“They aren’t worried by not getting things right the first time and are happy to keep trying until they do.(他们不会担心第一次就做不对，而且乐于不断尝试，直到做对为止。)”可知B选项“大卫在一场比赛中失败了，但他保持着自信并不断努力。”中的大卫具有“成长心态”。故选B。
227．推理判断题。根据“Clearly, it is better to have a growth mindset than a fixed mindset.”和“But don’t worry if you think that you have a fixed mindset.”可知此处内容和“成长心态”相关，B选项“你可以训练自己培养成长心态”符合语境。故选B。
228．最佳标题题。本文讲述了Yet“然而”是一个很有分量的词，且在我们成长过程中起着重要的作用。选项A“‘然而’的力量”为最佳标题。故选A。
（2023·山东枣庄·统考中考真题）
It was a very cold day and the wind was blowing. But Li Yungang didn’t feel it. He even felt hot. After all, this 14-year-old student from Beijing Jingshan School was cutting grass for three hours.
This was the first time this city boy had done any farm work. “It was not that easy. My legs and arms were sore,” he said.
From now on, more Beijing middle school students will have a similar experience. More than 5,500 students from 13 city middle schools will take part in a one-week farm work program in the autumn and spring, according to the Beijing Municipal Education Commission.
About 250 students from Beijing Jing School took part in it from Oct. 25 to 30. They dug peanuts（花生）, cut grass, swept fallen leaves and did other farm work.
Lin Ruohan, 13 thought the work was hard, but she a felt it was very enjoyable. “When we dig peanuts out, we must be quick to pick them up. If not, they may be covered in the ground again. We must be patient and work as a team,” she said.
But when she tasted the fresh peanuts, she felt happy. “I had never eaten such sweet peanuts before,” she said.
Some of her classmates also learned what kind of fruits and peanuts grow in the ground. “We learned a lot about farming by seeding（播种）them rather than just reading about them in textbooks,” she said.
The farm not only gave them knowledge but also gave them a new view. “I didn’t see high buildings, but instead colorful leaves and endless fields. I felt very comfortable, and I felt closer to nature,” said Qin Yupeng, 14.
229．What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the passage?
A．To introduce a helpful program.
B．To show us how to do farm work.
C．To praise some students from city.
D．To tell us knowledge about farming.
230．Lin Ruohan thought the farm work was _________.
A．difficult and boring B．easy but boring
C．easy and interesting D．difficult but enjoyable
231．Where can you probably read the passage?
A．In a storybook. B．In a newspaper.
C．In a science book. D．In a travel magazine.
【答案】229．A 230．D 231．B
【导语】本文讲述了中学将在秋季和春季参加为期一周的农活计划，以及学生们的感受等。
229．推理判断题。根据“From now on, more Beijing middle school students will have a similar experience. More than 5,500 students from 13 city middle schools will take part in a one-week farm work program in the autumn and spring, according to the Beijing Municipal Education Commission.”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了介绍一个有用的计划，故选A。
230．细节理解题。根据“Lin Ruohan, 13thought the work was hard, but she a felt it was very enjoyable.”可知，林若涵认为这份工作很辛苦，但她觉得很享受，故选D。
231．推理判断题。根据整个文章的理解可知，主要是介绍中学将在秋季和春季参加为期一周的农活计划，以及学生们的感受，应该是在报纸上能看到这篇文章，故选B。
（2023·浙江金华·统考中考真题）
①According to UNESCO, there are 740 million people unable to read or write in this world. And 250 million children of primary school age have no basic reading and writing skills. However, reading makes everything possible in life: education, work and escaping poverty(贫困). Considering that, the Global School Community aims to bring digital books to all the children of the world and their families.
②Digital technology makes a real difference. It can reach across the world and is fairly inexpensive. The Global School Community makes e-books available to children all around the world, either through mobile phones, Ipads or computers, saving the cost of making books and transport. Technology also helps improve our communication skills. Through the use of technology, teachers and children around the world can meet online to share lessons and discuss ideas. Remote schooling (远程教学) is one example of the success of communication through the Internet.
③The first books a child reads can have a great influence on that child. The greater the influence, the more likely the child is to continue reading and learning throughout his life. E-books, which are actually the electronic versions of printed books, not only provide knowledge and information, but help people grow healthily in mind. They can provide hours of entertainment and can connect schools all over the world. Studies have shown that children make much progress after only five months of reading e-books. Bido Hafrag, a child from Egypt, said, “Reading e-books not only helps me learn to read and write, but gives me much confidence. It also helps me have a better understanding of the world.”

232．The Global School Community plans to ________.
A．make every child aware of the meanings of reading
B．bring digital books to all children and their families
C．offer chances for teachers to teach all over the world
D．build up the confidence of the children from poor areas
233．Which of the following best explains the underlined word “inexpensive” in Paragraph 2?
A．useful B．popular C．valuable D．cheap
234．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A．E-books help readers learn and make progress.
B．E-books provide knowledge and information.
C．E-books improve communication skills a lot.
D．E-books have more advantages than printed ones.
235．The writer writes the passage to .
A．introduce a new way to see the outside world
B．help connect all the schools around the world
C．invite us to join the Global School Community
D．explain the history and development of e-books
【答案】232．B 233．D 234．A 235．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了全球2.5亿小学适龄儿童没有基本的阅读和写作技能，为了解决这个问题，全球学校社区旨在将数字图书带给世界上所有的儿童及其家庭。
232．细节理解题。根据“the Global School Community aims to bring digital books to all the children of the world and their families”可知全球学校社区旨在将数字图书带给世界上所有的儿童及其家庭。故选B。
233．词义猜测题。根据“It can reach across the world and is fairly inexpensive”可知它可以覆盖世界各地，而且相当便宜，故此处划线部分意为“便宜的”。故选D。
234．主旨大意题。根据“The first books a child reads can have a great influence on that child...”以及本段内容可知电子书对孩子有很大的影响，帮助读者学习和进步。故选A。
235．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了全球2.5亿小学适龄儿童没有基本的阅读和写作技能，为了解决这个问题，全球学校社区旨在将数字图书带给世界上所有的儿童及其家庭，所以作者写这篇文章是为了邀请读者参加全球学校社区。故选C。
（2023·四川宜宾·统考中考真题）
There are over 800 boarding schools in the UK with students from home and foreign countries. Boarding schools started hundreds of years ago in the country. The earliest boarding schools were set up for white, rich boys only.
In the UK, boarding schools have three terms in a school year, with about 13 weeks in each term. Students study and live together. They can’t go outside if they are not allowed to. Each student has his or her subject plan. Most boarding schools have a “light out” time. So when it’s time to go to bed, all the lights in the bedrooms are turned off. The house-masters can take care of students all the time, especially after school hours.
Nearly all the students at boarding schools wear a school uniform. Boys usually wear a shirt and a tie, and girls wear a white blouse, sometimes also a tie and a skirt. As students get older, the rules become less strict.
In the UK, boarding schools provide students with delicious food. They can choose to have a full English breakfast or simple bread. They can also choose either a meal with no meat or another meal with meat for lunch and dinner. Students can also make themselves something to eat at any time in a kitchen.
236．Who could study in the earliest boarding schools?
A．All students. B．Foreign students. C．White and rich boys. D．White and rich girls.
237．What should students in the boarding schools do according to Paragraph 2?
A．Make a subject plan. B．Study and live alone.
C．Look after themselves. D．Go outside after school.
238．What does the underlined part “light out” mean in Chinese?
A．点亮 B．熄灯 C．褪色 D．减重
239．What can we learn about the school uniform?
A．Boys hardly follow the rules. B．Girls only wear a white blouse.
C．Boys never wear a shirt and a tie. D．Girls sometimes wear a tie and a skirt.
240．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A．What to eat. B．When to eat. C．Where to eat. D．How to eat.
【答案】236．C 237．A 238．B 239．D 240．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了英国的寄宿学校。
236．细节理解题。根据“The earliest boarding schools were set up for white, rich boys only.”可知最早的寄宿学校只为有钱的白人男孩开办。故选C。
237．细节理解题。根据“Each student has his or her subject plan.”可知每个学生都有自己的科目计划。故选A。
238．词义猜测题。根据“So when it’s time to go to bed, all the lights in the bedrooms are turned off.”可知到了睡觉的时候，卧室里所有的灯都关了，故此处划线部分意为“熄灯”。故选B。
239．细节理解题。根据“girls wear a white blouse, sometimes also a tie and a skirt.”可知女孩们穿白色上衣，有时还打领带和穿裙子。故选D。
240．主旨大意题。根据“In the UK, boarding schools provide students with delicious food...”以及本段内容可知最后一段主要介绍了寄宿学校的饮食，即吃什么。故选A。
（2023·四川宜宾·统考中考真题）

The giant panda, Bing Dwen Dwen, was the mascot (吉祥物) for the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games. More than 1.4 million toy mascots were sold during the Games. Bing Dwen Dwen was the center of people’s attention at that time. The “giant panda economy (经济)” became a bright spot in China, with many shops across the country selling a lot of panda-related products, according to newspapers.
During the May Day holidays in 2023, about 264,000 people came to Chengdu to visit the giant panda, Hua Hua. Chengdu became the second most popular tourist destination in China.
Hua Hua will soon be three years old and has caught the hearts of visitors because she can’t climb trees and she is friendly. In fact, many young people travel to Chengdu just to see the giant pandas. All 180,000 tickets were sold out for the first three days of this year’s May Day holidays. Hua Hua increased ticket sales at the Base. There are many cultural and creative shops full of products about pandas in Chengdu. Clothing, shoes, hats, feed seeds about pandas in the shops have also sold well. As we can see, the “giant panda economy” has become a bright spot in consumption (消费) again.
241．How many toy mascots were sold during the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games?
A．Over 1.4 million. B．Over 444 thousand.
C．About 264 thousand. D．About 180 thousand.
242．What made Hua Hua so popular among the visitors?
A．This year’s May Day holidays.
B．The growing ticket sales in 2023.
C．Her inability to climb trees and friendly character.
D．The different products in cultural and creative shops.
243．Why do so many young people visit Chengdu?
A．To buy products about pandas. B．To see the giant pandas.
C．To trade products with the Base. D．To celebrate Hua Hua’s birthday.
244．What products about pandas are mentioned in Paragraph 3?
A．Feed seeds and bags. B．Hats and socks.
C．Clothing and shoes. D．Shoes and watches.
245．Which can be the best title for the passage?
A．Things Sold Well during the Holidays B．Chengdu Welcomed Visitors Warmly
C．People in China Celebrated the May Day D．Hua Hua Increased the “Giant Panda Economy”
【答案】241．A 242．C 243．B 244．C 245．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了熊猫非常受欢迎，而且在今年五一期间，很多人去成都看熊猫花花，“大熊猫经济”再次成为消费的亮点。
241．细节理解题。根据“More than 1.4 million toy mascots were sold during the Games”可知奥运会期间售出了140多万个玩具吉祥物。故选A。
242．细节理解题。根据“has caught the hearts of visitors because she can’t climb trees and she is friendly”可知因为她不会爬树，而且她很友好，所以她很受欢迎。故选C。
243．细节理解题。根据“many young people travel to Chengdu just to see the giant pandas”可知许多年轻人去成都只是为了看大熊猫。故选B。
244．细节理解题。根据“Clothing, shoes, hats, feed seeds about pandas in the shops have also sold well.”可知有关熊猫的衣服、鞋子、帽子、饲料种子等也卖得很好。故选C。
245．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了熊猫非常受欢迎，而且在今年五一期间，很多人去成都看熊猫花花，“大熊猫经济”再次成为消费的亮点，以选项D“花花大力促进‘大熊猫经济’”为标题最合适。故选D。
（2023·四川宜宾·统考中考真题）
For most of us, stress is a fact of life. But there are many useful ways to lower stress. Let’s take a look.

Sometimes it can be difficult to say exactly what we’re feeling. When we feel uneasy or disappointed, we can put problems into words. Keeping a diary is a good way to relax.

If we get angry, music has a wonderful influence on our feelings. When we feel sad, it fills our hearts with warmth.

When we get nervous or upset before a test, take a few deep breaths.

Enough sleep helps us keep clear minds. Without plenty of rest, it is hard to pay attention to our study or work.

Actually, the most important way that we can lower stress is to have a healthy lifestyle. Especially exercise is a key part of staying healthy and good for both physical and mental health.
\
246．How many ways can we use to lower stress?
A．4. B．5. C．6. D．7.
247．What can we do if we feel disappointed?
A．We can go to bed. B．We can call our friends.
C．We can walk on the playground. D．We can write down our problems.
248．What can we choose to do if we feel sad or angry?
A．To listen to music. B．To study hard. C．To keep a diary. D．To read our favorite books.
249．Which way can help us calm down before having a test?
A．Drawing pictures. B．Learning to swim.
C．Taking deep breaths. D．Having enough sleep.
250．What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．It talks about our stress. B．It tells us how to exercise.
C．It talks about our daily life. D．It tells us how to lower stress.
【答案】246．B 247．D 248．A 249．C 250．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了一些可以减轻压力的有用的方法。
246．细节理解题。根据表格内容可知，文章一共提到了五个方法。故选B。
247．细节理解题。根据“When we feel uneasy or disappointed, we can put problems into words. Keeping a diary is a good way to relax.”可知当我们感到不安或失望时，我们可以用语言表达问题。故选D。
248．细节理解题。根据“If we get angry, music has a wonderful influence on our feelings. When we feel sad, it fills our hearts with warmth.”可知当我们生气或伤心时，可以听音乐。故选A。
249．细节理解题。根据“When we get nervous or upset before a test, take a few deep breaths”可知考试之前，可以深呼吸。故选C。
250．主旨大意题。根据“But there are many useful ways to lower stress”可知本文主要介绍了一些可以减轻压力的有用的方法。故选D。
（2023·浙江宁波·统考中考真题）

Plants are more than just pretty to look at. They give us fruits, vegetables and food we eat. Some plants even provide materials for medicine or building things. But do you know that plants can do something even more amazing? They can make our homes, schools and workplaces much healthier.
We spend a large part of our day indoors. Unluckily, the air inside buildings can often be full of chemicals（化学物质）from many things around us. This poor air quality（质量）can make us feel sick, causing sore eyes and throats, and even making it hard for us to breathe. When the air inside buildings gets really bad, people even call them “sick buildings”.
The good news is that plants are like nature’s little superheroes. They have a magic power fighting against bad air. Plants breathe in carbon dioxide (CO2) and breathe out oxygen (O2) which we humans need to live. They can also add moisture to the air if it’s too dry, making it more comfortable for us to breathe.
________ Scientists have discovered that plants have the ability to take in harmful chemicals, making the air around us safer to breathe. They set up a completely closed building called “bio-home” for experiments. Before they added plants, the air inside was full of chemicals and people found it hard to breathe. But after they added plants, the air got much cleaner and it became easier to breathe. To make the air inside even better, the scientists used different kinds of plants. After a while, the building wasn’t a “sick building” any more. People could go inside without feeling unwell.
So you see, plants are fantastic! They are not only beautiful to look at, but they also provide us with food, help create materials and play an important role in our health. They make our indoor environments cleaner and healthier, making us feel better. Next time you see a plant, remember all the amazing things it can do for us!
251．Which of the following is one way for plants to improve the air inside buildings?
A．They breathe out carbon dioxide. B．They produce oxygen.
C．They give out harmful chemicals. D．They make the air dry.
252．Which can be the best to fill in the blank ________ in Paragraph 4?
A．But the most amazing thing plants can do is to clean the air.
B．But one interesting thing plants can do is to build things.
C．But plants can provide what humans need to eat.
D．But plants can be used to make medicine for humans.
253．How does the writer support his opinion about plants improving air quality?
A．By telling personal experiences. B．By providing numbers and forms.
C．By questioning famous scientists. D．By using scientific experiments.
254．What does the writer mainly want to tell us?
A．Plants are important for providing food. B．Plants make people look much better.
C．Plants are good for indoor environments. D．Plants make it easier to build houses.
【答案】251．B 252．A 253．D 254．C
【导语】本文介绍了植物在室内环境中发挥的重要作用。
251．细节理解题。根据“Plants breathe in carbon dioxide (CO2) and breathe out oxygen (O2) which we humans need to live.”可知室内环境中充满了化学物质，但是植物可以呼出人们需要的氧气。故选B。
252．推理判断题。根据“Scientists have discovered that plants have the ability to take in harmful chemicals, making the air around us safer to breathe.”可知植物能够吸收有害化学物质，使我们周围的空气呼吸更安全。选项A“但植物能做的最神奇的事情是清洁空气。”符合语境。故选A。
253．细节理解题。根据“Scientists have discovered that plants have the ability to take in harmful chemicals, making the air around us safer to breathe. They set up a completely closed building called ‘bio-home’ for experiments. Before they added plants, the air inside was full of chemicals and people found it hard to breathe. But after they added plants, the air got much cleaner and it became easier to breathe. To make the air inside even better, the scientists used different kinds of plants. After a while, the building wasn’t a ‘sick building’ any more. People could go inside without feeling unwell.”可知作者通过讲述科学家做的实验，来说明植物改善空气质量。故选D。
254．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了植物在室内环境中发挥的重要作用。故选C。
（2023·四川广安·统考中考真题）
We know that many animals do not stay in one place. Birds, fish and other animals move from one place to another at a certain time. They move for different reasons. Most of them move to find food more easily, but others move to get away from places that are too crowded.
When cold weather comes, many birds move to warmer places to find food. Some fishes give birth in warm water and move to cold water to feed. The most famous migration (迁徙) is probably the migration of the fish which is called “salmon”. This fish is born in fresh water but it travels many miles to salt water. There it spends most of its life. When it is old, it returns to its birthplace in fresh water. Then it gives birth and dies there.
In the north of Europe, there is a kind of mice. They leave their mountain homes when their homes become too crowded. They move down to the low land. Sometimes they move all the way to the seaside and many of them are killed when they fall into the sea.
Recently scientists have studied the migration of a special kind of lobsters (龙虾). Every year when the season of bad weather arrives, the lobsters get into a long line and start to walk across the floor of the ocean. Nobody knows where they go.
So sometimes we know why animals move from one place to another but at other time we don’t. Maybe living things just like to travel.
255．Most animals move from one place to another at a certain time to ________.
A．enjoy warmer weather B．get food more easily
C．find fresh water D．find beautiful places
256．The fish called “salmon” spends a long life in ________.
A．salt water B．fresh water C．its birthplace D．rivers
257．The mice in the north of Europe move when ________.
A．the weather is hot B．there is not enough food
C．their living place gets too crowded D．they are dying
258．Where do the special lobsters go according to the passage?
A．To warm water. B．To cold water.
C．To salt water. D．Nobody knows.
259．What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．Animals move from one place to another because they like to travel.
B．The migration of the fish called “salmon” is the most famous.
C．Animals move from one place to another for different reasons.
D．Animals move in order to find food more easily.
【答案】255．B 256．A 257．C 258．D 259．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了动物出于不同的原因从一个地方迁移到另一个地方。
255．细节理解题。根据“Most of them move to find food more easily”可知大多数动物在特定的时间从一个地方移动到另一个地方，以便更容易地获得食物。故选B。
256．细节理解题。根据“This fish is born in fresh water but it travels many miles to salt water. There it spends most of its life. ”可知鲑鱼在咸水中度过了很长的一生。故选A。
257．细节理解题。根据“In the north of Europe, there is a kind of mice. They leave their mountain homes when their homes become too crowded.”可知欧洲北部的老鼠在它们生活的地方太拥挤时就会离开。故选C。
258．细节理解题。根据“Nobody knows where they go.”可知没有人知道它们去哪儿，故选D。
259．主旨大意题。根据“Birds, fish and other animals move from one place to another at a certain time. They move for different reasons. Most of them move to find food more easily, but others move to get away from places that are too crowded.”以及文章可知，本文主要讲述了动物出于不同的原因从一个地方迁移到另一个地方。故选C。
（2023·四川广安·统考中考真题）
Nobody wants to lose, but we must accept that losing is part of life. After all, we can’t win all the time. However, we can learn something valuable from every failure (失败). This may help us succeed in the future. So we must know how to be a good loser (失败者).
Failure is the mother of success. When we lose, just take it with a smile and look on the good side of it. Edison failed 10,000 times but had learned 10,000 things which didn’t work.
Losing is not very scary. So don’t be afraid. We must accept our failure and learn something from it. Remember that it can be helpful. Take action to walk out of it. When we lose, think about what we did and how we can improve.
We should face our failure when we lose. There is only one winner in every competition. Some win, while some lose. That is a usual way of life. If we offer our congratulations to the winners and share their happiness, we won’t feel sorry for our failure.
In a word, being a good loser will help us to succeed in life. It might be painful at the beginning, but there are many advantages. Good losers set examples to us, and most importantly, they finally win.
260．What can we learn from every failure according to the passage?
A．A good prize. B．A valuable thing.
C．A secret to success. D．A way of life.
261．What’s the Chinese meaning of the underlined word “scary” in Paragraph 3?
A．有趣的 B．丰富的 C．危险的 D．可怕的
262．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A．We should accept and learn from our failure.
B．We should remember our failure all the time.
C．We should take action to walk out of failure.
D．We should think about how to improve when we lose.
263．What does the writer advise the losers to do after a competition?
A．Share the winners’ happiness. B．Join in another competition.
C．Forget the failure. D．Show the regrets.
264．What is the best title for the passage?
A．Experience in Reducing Problems B．Advantages of both Success and Failure
C．Ideas about How to Avoid Mistakes D．Advice on How to Be a Good Loser
【答案】260．B 261．D 262．B 263．A 264．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了失败对于我们的好处，以及如何应对失败。
260．细节理解题。根据“However, we can learn something valuable from every failure (失败).”可知可以从失败中学到一些有价值的事情。故选B。
261．词句猜测题。根据“Losing is not very scary. So don’t be afraid.”可知不要害怕，是因为失败并不可怕。划线词“scary”意为“可怕的”。故选D。
262．细节理解题。根据“We must accept our failure and learn something from it.(我们必须接受我们的失败，并从中吸取教训。)”；“Take action to walk out of it.(采取行动走出失败。)”和“When we lose, think about what we did and how we can improve.(我们输了的时候，想想我们做了什么以及如何改进。)”可知文中并未提及“我们应该时刻记住我们的失败”。故选B。
263．细节理解题。根据“If we offer our congratulations to the winners and share their happiness, we won’t feel sorry for our failure.”可知我们向获奖者表示祝贺并分享他们的快乐。故选A。
264．最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了失败对于我们的好处，以及如何应对失败。D选项“如何成为一个好的失败者”为最佳标题。故选D。
（2023·浙江宁波·统考中考真题）
①Have you ever thought about what’s more important, looking fashionable or feeling comfortable? You might have noticed many people choosing style over comfort and some even go to extremes（极端）to follow fashion. But we should remember: being fashionable isn’t everything. It’s more important to be healthy.
②Some people believe that they need to be a certain size to look good. So, they start extreme diets（日常饮食）that are not good for their health. They might not eat meals or eat too little, which can make them feel sick. Is it a healthy way to live?
③Also, many girls wear shoes with very high heels. They might think high heels make them look taller. But these shoes can actually hurt their feet and make it hard to walk comfortably, and it can increase risks of falls. Some even wear tight（紧的）clothes that influence blood circulation（循环）making it hard to breathe. Should we put fashion over comfort and physical health?
④Besides, some boys and girls spend a lot of time and money changing their hair color. The material they use is usually harmful to their health. To make their hair straight or curly, they also use tools that are hot enough to burn their hair. But using these tools too often or at very high temperatures can make the hair dry or even burnt. Is it really worth it to risk our health, spending so much time and money?
⑤So, let’s rethink what’s really important. Is it fashion or is it our well-being? Clothes or hairstyles don’t tell us anything about a person’s character. Instead of spending a lot of time choosing clothes, we could use that time to do fun things with friends. And instead of following extreme diets, let’s eat properly and exercise regularly. Remember, your worth is not decided by your appearance, but by who you are as a person.
265．Why do some people go on extreme diets according to the passage?
A．Because the diets are healthy. B．Because they just want to look good.
C．Because they want to save time. D．Because they want to save money.
266．What is the writer’s purpose of using a question in each paragraph?
A．To ask for help from readers. B．To tell how to spend time and money.
C．To describe the latest fashion. D．To lead readers to think about the topic.
267．What does the underlined word “well-being” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A．Growth. B．Health. C．Warmth. D．Wealth.
268．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?
A． B． C． D．
【答案】265．B 266．D 267．B 268．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了当今人们为了追求时尚过一种不健康的生活方式，个人的价值不是由你的外表决定的，而是由你这个人决定的。健康的生活才是最重要的。
265．细节理解题。根据“Some people believe that they need to be a certain size to look good. So, they start extreme diets（日常饮食）that are not good for their health.”可知，因为他们想看起来好看，故选B。
266．推理判断题。根据“It’s more important to be healthy”以及每一段的问题可知，作者提出这些问题是为了让读者思考“健康才是更重要的”这个主题，故选D。
267．词义猜测题。根据“Is it a healthy way to live”“Should we put fashion over comfort and physical health”及“Is it really worth it to risk our health, spending so much time and money”可知，作者提出的每个观点都是围绕“健康”和“时尚”哪一个更重要，所以划线单词与health同义，故选B。
268．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出本文的主题，第二段到第四段介绍人们为了追求时尚的一些不健康生活方式；第五段是总结，故选A。
（2023·江苏连云港·统考中考真题）

Many of us have seen rainbows in the sky once the sun starts shining again after it rains. For us to see a rainbow, the conditions need to be just right. We need some water drops in the air, like rain or even fog, and we need the sun to be behind us and quite low to the ground. This is because a rainbow is created by light passing through water drops.
The light that comes from the sun seems white to us. But the white light we see is made up of a mix of different colors. When the light goes through a raindrop, these colors can separate out. Each of the colors in the rainbow has a different “wavelength” (波长). Raindrops look like little balls. When light hits one of these little balls of water, the light can change direction. We call this “refraction” (折射). Each of the different wavelengths is refracted differently. If the light hits the raindrop at the right place, the refraction separates the wavelengths out into their different colors.
We are taught there are seven colors: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet. But this isn’t exactly true. Blue and green are next to each other in the rainbow, which is why we can see turquoise (a mix of blue and green). Brown is a mix of red and green. But they aren’t next to each other in the rainbow, so we don’t see them mix to make brown.
We would never see black and white in a rainbow. Black is what we see when there’s no light at all. On the other hand, white is a mix of all the colors together. When light is refracted by raindrops, it separates the white light out, meaning it is no longer white.
269．We can see a rainbow under the right conditions because ________.
A．the raindrops are like little balls B．the light goes through raindrops
C．the sunshine seems to be colorful D．the weather is foggy after it rains
270．According to the passage, what can we know about the colors in the rainbow?
A．They can become brown or black. B．There are only seven colors in all.
C．They mix to make the white light. D．Their own places can be changed.
271．Which part of a magazine may this passage be taken from?
A．Science. B．Health. C．Culture. D．Fashion.
272．What’s the best title for the passage?
A．How are the colors received in the rainbow?
B．When can the colors turn blue in the rainbow?
C．Which colors aren’t covered with light in the rainbow?
D．Why can’t we find white, black and brown in the rainbow?
【答案】269．B 270．C 271．A 272．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了彩虹的形成以及对彩虹颜色知识的科普。
269．细节理解题。根据“This is because a rainbow is created by light passing through water drops.”可知因为光线穿过了雨滴，在合适的条件下，我们可以看到彩虹。故选B。
270．细节理解题。根据“When light is refracted by raindrops, it separates the white light out, meaning it is no longer white.”（当光线被雨滴折射时，它将白光分离出来，这意味着它不再是白色的。）可知彩虹的颜色混合在一起发出白光，故选C。
271．推理判断题。根据全文可知，本文主要介绍了彩虹的形成以及对彩虹颜色知识的科普，所以文章应该来自杂志的科学部分，故选A。
272．最佳标题题。根据“We are taught there are seven colors: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet. But this isn’t exactly true...But they aren’t next to each other in the rainbow, so we don’t see them mix to make brown.”和“We would never see black and white in a rainbow. ”可知，我们被教导有七种颜色：红、橙、黄、绿、蓝、靛和紫，但是我们在彩虹中看不见白色，黑色和棕色，所以D选项符合，故选D。
（2023·浙江·统考中考真题）
What time is it? The answer you give can be different, because you are in different Earth’s time zones(时区). But how could you tell the time if you aren’t anywhere on Earth?
Scientists are now thinking of creating a lunar(月球的) time zone. They believe it would be better for astronauts to communicate by using Moon Time, as they travel to, from, and across the Moon. At the moment, astronauts are using time zones of their own countries. But there could be safety problems caused by the differences in time-telling.
________ Gravity(引力) influences how quickly or slowly time passes. Since gravity is weaker on the Moon, clocks run a bit faster there. After 24 hours, a lunar clock would be 56 microseconds ahead of a clock on Earth. Another point to consider is that a full day on Earth is about 24 hours between two sunsets. While on the Moon, it is nearly 709 hours, about 29.5 Earth days. This means that lunar nights can be around two weeks long, with only the Earth and the stars in the sky. With all this to think about, scientists need to decide whether it would be better to follow a time zone on Earth, or for the Moon to have its own special zone, which would have much longer days.
Scientists must consider other problems too. For example, who should be responsible for keeping the time zone going? And how can it be made practical for astronauts to use?
There are more countries planning Moon trips in the future. The idea of creating a time zone on the Moon would make these easier. And if a lunar time zone is set up, scientists could create time zones for other planets like Mars.
273．Scientists think that a lunar time zone can ________.
A．keep the Moon clean B．keep astronauts healthy
C．make the Moon trips safer D．make space travel faster
274．Which of the following can be put in the blank ________ in Paragraph 3?
A．Setting up a lunar time zone is not easy.
B．Setting up a special time zone is important.
C．Scientists are holding different opinions.
D．Scientists need to do a lot of experiments.
275．If the Moon has its own special time zone, a full day of it can be about ________ on Earth.
A．56 microseconds B．24 hours C．two weeks D．29.5 days
276．What is the writer’s purpose in writing the passage?
A．To give information about space travel. B．To introduce the idea of Moon Time.
C．To describe an experience of time travel. D．To share news about landing on Mars.
【答案】273．C 274．A 275．D 276．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了科学家们正在考虑建立一个月球时区。
273．细节理解题。根据“But there could be safety problems caused by the differences in time-telling.”可知，计时方式的差异可能会导致安全问题，因此建立月球时区可以使得月球之行更安全，故选 C。
274．推理判断题。根据第二段“ Gravity(引力) influences how quickly or slowly time passes.”可知，重力影响时间快慢，因此建立月球时区并不容易。故选A。
275．细节理解题。根据“While on the Moon, it is nearly 709 hours, about 29.5 Earth days.”可知，而在月球上，它接近709小时，大约是29.5个地球日。故选D。
276．推理判断题。根据全文内容和“What time is it? The answer you give can be different, because you are in different Earth’s time zones(时区). But how could you tell the time if you aren’t anywhere on Earth?”可知，本文主要探讨了建立月球时区。故选B。
（2023·四川自贡·统考中考真题）
Many of us have learned that chatting with a friend, relative or classmate can improve our mood (心情). And failing to communicate with others can also affect the health of our minds and bodies.
Now experts in the US have found that a good conversation just once a day could be enough to boost people’s happiness and lower their stress levels.
The researchers looked at five types of conversation that past research has found to make people feel closer. These included things like sharing jokes, listening to others’ opinions, discussing recent experiences, offering real praise and showing care for others. The researchers asked over 900 people at five US universities to have one of these five types of conversation each day. Then these people reported how their chats affected their stress, well-being and other feelings that day.
The researchers also looked at how the number of daily chats affected the people’s well-being. And they found that while one good chat was enough to improve someone’s mood, those who chose to have more of these conversations had better days. “This means the more that you listened to your friends, the more that you showed care, the more that you took time to value others’ opinions, the better you felt at the end of the day,” one of the researchers said.
The researchers also said that meeting for a chat was better for people’s well-being than using a phone or social mediums (媒介).
277．What does the underlined word “boost” in Paragraph 2mean?
A．Increase. B．Discover. C．Create.
278．How can we lower our stress according to Paragraph 3?
A．By surfing the Internet.
B．By pointing out others’ mistakes.
C．By talking about our school trip yesterday.
279．What can we infer (推断) from the researcher’s words in Paragraph 4?
A．Exchanging ideas with others is useful.
B．Different conversations have different influences.
C．The number of daily chats can influence our mood.
280．What is the text mainly about?
A．Good chats improve our mood.
B．The change of mood is very important.
C．Five types of conversation affect our mood.
【答案】277．A 278．C 279．C 280．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍沟通交流是如何影响一个人的身心健康的。
277．词句猜测题。分析“Now experts in the US have found that a good conversation just once a day could be enough to boost people’s happiness and lower their stress levels.”可知，现在，美国专家发现，每天一次愉快的交谈就足以提高人们的幸福感，降低压力水平。此处boost的意思是“提高”，故选A。
278．推理判断题。根据“These included things like sharing jokes, listening to others’ opinions, discussing recent experiences, offering real praise and showing care for others.”可知，分享笑话、倾听别人的意见、讨论最近的经历、给予真正的赞美和关心别人可以降低压力，选项C“通过谈论我们昨天的学校旅行”符合，故选C。
279．细节理解题。根据“The researchers also looked at how the number of daily chats affected the people’s well-being. And they found that while one good chat was enough to improve someone’s mood, those who chose to have more of these conversations had better days.”可知，研究人员还研究了每天聊天的次数如何影响人们的幸福感。他们发现虽然一次愉快的聊天足以改善一个人的情绪，但那些选择进行更多此类交谈的人日子过得更好。故选C。
280．主旨大意题。本文介绍沟通交流是如何影响一个人的身心健康的，结合“Now experts in the US have found that a good conversation just once a day could be enough to boost people’s happiness and lower their stress levels.”可知，每天一次愉快的交谈就足以提高人们的幸福感，降低压力水平。故选A。
（2023·四川自贡·统考中考真题）
The character, Hua Mulan, introduces Chinese culture to the world in Disney’s 1998 cartoon movie and its new live-action (真人拍摄的) movie. She becomes a world star.
In the movies, Mulan dresses herself like a boy and takes her father’s place to fight in the army. She wins the respect of the whole nation and turns into a great soldier.
According to Alex Xin, an art researcher at Peking University, Mulan in the western world has changed over the past twenty years, from a heroine in westerners’ eyes to an authentic (地道的) Chinese girl. “When you check the 1998 cartoon, Mulan was described as a fighter for women’s rights, but it missed the point, as the original (最初的) story was mainly about traditional family value. I’m glad that the new film has included this important point, showing that after twenty years. Westerners now have a better understanding of Chinese culture,” Alex Xin said.
As one of the oldest countries in the world, China has a long history and wonderful culture. Chinese culture is deep and difficult to understand for foreigners. But by introducing traditional Chinese culture in popular styles such as film, it is much easier for foreigners to understand China.
281．When was the new live-action film made?
A．In 2018. B．In 2008. C．In 1998.
282．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Mulan. B．The 1998 cartoon. C．The western world.
283．What can we learn from Alex’s words?
A．Westerners think it’s difficult to understand Chinese culture.
B．The 1998 cartoon was mainly about the traditional family value.
C．Westerners can understand Chinese culture better through the new film.
284．What is the best title for the text?
A．Mulan, a World Star B．Mulan, a Lovely Girl C．Mulan, a Brave Fighter
【答案】281．A 282．B 283．C 284．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了花木兰这一角色在西方人眼中20年来的变化，通过电影等流行形式介绍中国传统文化，外国人更容易了解中国。
281．推理判断题。根据“The character, Hua Mulan, introduces Chinese culture to the world in Disney’s 1998 cartoon movie”和“I’m glad that the new film has included this important point, showing that after twenty years.”可知，新的真人电影是2018年拍摄的，故选A。
282．推理判断题。根据“When you check the 1998 cartoon, Mulan was described as a fighter for women’s rights, but it missed the point, as the original (最初的) story was mainly about traditional family value.”可知，当你查看1998年的动画时，木兰被描述为女权斗士，但它没有抓住重点，因为最初的故事主要是关于传统家庭价值的。此处it指1998年的动画，故选B。
283．推理判断题。根据“I’m glad that the new film has included this important point, showing that after twenty years. Westerners now have a better understanding of Chinese culture”可知，我很高兴这部新电影包含了这一点，表明二十年后，西方人现在对中国文化有了更好的了解。由此可知，通过这部新电影，西方人可以更好地了解中国文化。故选C。
284．最佳标题题。本文介绍了花木兰这一角色在西方人眼中20年来的变化，结合“She becomes a world star.”可知，选项A“花木兰，世界明星”符合主题，故选A。
（2023·四川达州·统考中考真题）

“Do you know Macao was never my real name? I have been away from you for too long, mother…”
Song of the Seven Sons-Macao, written by Wen Yiduo in 1925, is still in the hearts of Macao’s teenagers today. The Basic Law of Macao Special Administrative Region (《中华人民共和国澳门特别行政区基本法》) came out in 1993 and started to work on Dec. 20, 1999, as Macao returned to China. From then on, it has become much easier for young people to build a closer relationship with their motherland.
Chan U, an 18-year-old, is studying at the University of Macao. She said “Traveling to the Chinese mainland (大陆) has become easier. Visits to Zhuhai have become a part of the daily life of some people.” Kun Lot U, 25, studies at the South China University of Technology. She said “Many local people go to Zhuhai to buy vegetables as they are fresher and cheaper than those in local markets. Young people often go to Zhuhai to play jubensha, a role-playing game.”
The number of trips out of Macao in January was 2.23 million, and most of them went to the Chinese mainland. Cities like Chongqing, Changsha and Hangzhou are popular places for young people, according to Chan. Guangdong is also a good choice since the language and food are similar.
“Young people in Macao care a lot about what’s happening on the mainland,” said Kun. Like the young people on the mainland, they also use apps from the mainland to know the hot issues (话题). They have learned many mainland Internet catchphrases (流行语). “I know about the most popular ones such as ‘yyds’,” said Kun. “They make us understand more about people and life on the mainland.”
More than half of the people in Macao use online shopping apps from the mainland. Kun said that it’s because they can find almost everything they need at good prices on the apps. The products are first shipped to a collection station in Macao. It usually takes about three to seven days for local people to get the products. “The connection between Macao and the motherland is getting stronger and stronger.” said Chan.
285．Which statement is Wrong about Song the of Seven Sons-Macao based on this passage?
A．It was written by Wen Yiduo. B．It was written in 1925.
C．Teenagers in Macao know the song. D．It’s a piece of folk music.
286．How long has The Basic Law of Macao Special Administrative Region worked?
A．For about 30 years. B．For about 18 years. C．For about 24 years. D．For about 20 years.
287．Why is Guangdong a good place to go for people in Macao according to the passage?
A．Because of the weather. B．Because there are a lot of fun places.
C．Because they have similar language and food. D．Because there are many people from Macao.
288．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Many people in Macao use the apps from the mainland.
B．In January, 2. 23 million people in Macao went to the Chinese mainland.
C．Jubensha is a ball game that is loved by young people in Macao.
D．Everyone in Macao likes shopping on the Internet.
289．What’s the best title of this passage?
A．The Most Popular Places for Young People on the Mainland
B．The Daily Life of Young People in Macao
C．The Famous Song, Song of the Seven Sons-Macao
D．Macao, Staying Connected with the Mainland
【答案】285．D 286．A 287．C 288．A 289．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了自从澳门回归后，澳门和大陆的联系越来越紧密。
285．细节理解题。根据“written by Wen Yiduo in 1925, is still in the hearts of Macao’s teenagers today.”可知这首歌是闻一多1925年所著，至今仍在澳门青少年的心中。故选D。
286．细节理解题。根据“The Basic Law of Macao Special Administrative Region (《中华人民共和国澳门特别行政区基本法》) came out in 1993”可知它是1993年颁布的，有30年了。故选A。
287．细节理解题。根据“Guangdong is also a good choice since the language and food are similar.”可知广东也是个不错的选择，因为语言和食物都很相似。故选C。
288．细节理解题。根据“Like the young people on the mainland, they also use apps from the mainland”可知像大陆的年轻人一样，他们也使用来自大陆的应用程序。故选A。
289．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了自从澳门回归后，澳门和大陆的联系越来越紧密，以选项D“澳门，与内地保持联系”为标题最合适。故选D。
（2023·四川南充·统考中考真题）
It is more than sixty years since the death of Lei Feng, and yet his spirit of selflessness is still alive, inspiring Chinese young people. In fact, the wish to help others can always be found among common people.
On September 5, 2022, when an earthquake hit Luding, Sichuan, 28-year-old hydropower station (水电站) worker Gan Yu chose not to leave but stay at his workplace, saving villages downstream from being flooded. People think he is a hero like Lei Feng, but he doesn’t feel that he should be compared to the young hero. “Lei Feng is a role model to all Chinese young people. The things he did may seem small, but behind them was a nobility (高贵的品质) that we can all achieve,” he said.
Zeng Qiangfei, 24, is also from Sichuan. In 2013, when an earthquake happened in his hometown, he was studying in a middle school. Zeng remembered seeing rescuers (救援者) and volunteers gather there to help. When he grew up, he became a volunteer himself. After a terrible quake hit Turkey and Syria this year, he flew there to help. During the rescue, he always saw local people bowing quietly to rescuers like them. “I grew up listening to Lei Feng’s stories. He is an excellent young man who spared no effort to help others,” said Zeng.
This view is shared by a 56-year-old British man named James Elroy Edginton, who lives in Hunan, the hometown of Lei Feng. Working at a local college, Edginton volunteers to help students from poor families, and is warmly regarded as a “foreign Lei Feng”. “I am honored to be connected with the spirit of Lei Feng. His qualities are timeless and borderless,” he said.
290．Which of the following words can best describe Gan Yu?
A．Responsible. B．Smart. C．Patient. D．Careful.
291．Why did Zeng Qiangfei become a volunteer when he grew up?
A．Because he wanted local people to thank him.
B．Because he was quite moved by Gan Yu’s story.
C．Because he learned about volunteering at school.
D．Because he was influenced greatly by volunteers.
292．Which one of the statements below is a fact according to the passage?
A．Gan Yu is a hero like Lei Feng. B．Zeng Qiangfei is warm-hearted.
C．Lei Feng’s hometown is in Hunan. D．Edginton is a “foreign Lei Feng”.
293．How does the writer support his idea?
A．By listing numbers. B．By giving examples.
C．By making surveys. D．By asking questions.
294．What’s the best title for the passage?
A．The ways of helping others B．The spirit of Lei Feng never dies
C．The stories of young heroes D．Chinese volunteers are everywhere
【答案】290．A 291．D 292．C 293．B 294．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了“雷锋精神”和一些代表人物。
290．推理判断题。根据“On September 5, 2022, when an earthquake hit Luding, Sichuan, 28-year-old hydropower station (水电站) worker Gan Yu chose not to leave but stay at his workplace, saving villages downstream from being flooded.”可知水电站施工技术员甘宇在地震中依旧坚守水电站，可推知他是很负责任的。故选A。
291．细节理解题。根据“Zeng remembered seeing rescuers (救援者) and volunteers gather there to help. When he grew up, he became a volunteer himself.”可知，是因为他深受志愿者的影响，长大以后自己也成了一名志愿者。故选D。
292．细节理解题。根据“This view is shared by a 56-year-old British man named James Elroy Edginton, who lives in Hunan, the hometown of Lei Feng.”可知，雷锋的故乡在湖南。故选C。
293．推理判断题。本文通过例举三个人帮助他人的经历，介绍了“雷锋精神”。故选B。
294．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了“雷锋精神”和一些代表人物。选项B“雷锋精神永垂不朽”为最佳标题。故选B。
（2023·四川南充·统考中考真题）
Do you love sunflowers? This article will walk you through how to plant your sunflower seeds and care for them. Start it with the best temperatures: 18~33℃.
Part 1 Germinating (使发芽) Sunflower Seeds
1. Choose one kind you like.
2. Put the seeds in a plastic bag. Cover the seeds with wet paper towels. Put them in plastic bags.
Once the seeds germinate, plant them.
Part 2 ______
1. Choose a sunny location. Sunflowers grow best with six to eight hours of sunlight a day.
2. Plant the seeds in holes. Plant seeds 2.5 cm deep and 15 cm apart. Cover the seeds with soil after planting.
Part 3 Caring for Sunflower Plants
1. Water plants weekly. Water plants once a week.
2. Fertilize a little or not at all. If you are growing sunflowers for your own enjoyment, there is no need to fertilize.
3. Harvest (收获) the seeds. Sunflowers usually take 80 to 120 days to mature (成熟) and produce new seeds.
Tips:
◆Protect the young plants from pests (害虫). Cover the ground with nets.
◆Support plants over 90 cm with sticks.

295．Which temperature is the most suitable to plant sunflowers?
A． B． C． D．
296．Which of the following can be put in ______?
A．Planting Sunflower Seeds B．Considering Seeds Quality
C．Watering Sunflower Plants D．Checking the Temperature
297．If you plant your seeds in April, you may harvest in ______.
A．January B．May C．July D．November
298．______ can be used when the sunflowers are 95 cm tall.
A．Sticks B．Nets C．Paper towels D．Plastic bags
299．Where is the article probably from?
A．A notice board. B．A travel guide.
C．A planting diary. D．A gardening magazine.
【答案】295．C 296．A 297．C 298．A 299．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍种植向日葵的相关内容。
295．细节理解题。根据“Start it with the best temperatures: 18~33℃.”可知，最佳温度是18~33℃，故选C。
296．推理判断题。根据“Once the seeds germinate, plant them.”和此部分的介绍可知，此处应是种子发芽后把它种下去，故选A。
297．推理判断题。根据“Sunflowers usually take 80 to 120 days to mature (成熟) and produce new seeds.”可知，向日葵通常需要80到120天才能成熟并产生新的种子，所以如果你在四月种下种子，你可能会在七月收获。故选C。
298．细节理解题。根据“Support plants over 90 cm with sticks.”可知，用树枝支撑90厘米以上的植株，故选A。
299．推理判断题。本文主要介绍种植向日葵的相关内容，所以可能在一本园艺杂志上看到这篇文章，故选D。
（2023·四川达州·统考中考真题）

Summer 2022 was a hard time for many. Huge heat waves (热浪) swept across European countries and parts of China. They brought extreme (极端) high temperatures and drought (干旱).
Europe has experienced its hottest summer since 1979. In Spain, temperatures quickly increased past 40℃ and it was one of the hottest summers on record. In Italy and Greece, temperatures hit 38℃ or more. Europe also experienced its most serious drought in 500 years. The dry conditions led to wildfires. The lack of rainfall caused water shortages (缺乏). As a result, water uses became a big problem. Back in China, similar things happened in the summer. Heat waves hit many places across the country. Chongqing’s highest temperature reached 45℃, breaking its historical record. In August, more than 20 forest fires happened in the area.
Heat waves are more harmful than you might expect. If people stay in high temperatures for too long, the heat will harm their bodies and make people feel sick, pass out or even die. During the 2003 heat wave in Europe, about 70,000 people died. Besides this, heat waves make some infectious diseases (传染病) even more serious.
What caused the extreme weather event? Scientists said climate change was likely to be the reason. Countries and organizations are taking action to deal with it. The European Union has set its goal to achieve net-zero emissions (净零排放) by 2050. China also has the goal of peaking carbon dioxide emissions (碳排放达到峰值) before 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality (碳中和) before 2060. Many countries have carried out policies (政策), like supporting green energy and making more efficient (高效的) use of energy.
300．What happened last summer in the passage?
A．The world faced the highest temperatures in history.
B．Some infectious diseases broke out (爆发) in Europe.
C．Huge heat waves swept across European countries and parts of China.
D．Many people died because of heat waves.
301．From the passage, what problems did heat waves bring?
①infectious disease  ②high temperature  ③drought  ④heavy rain
A．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．①④
302．The underlined phrase “pass out” probably means ________ in Chinese.
A．去世 B．经过 C．流汗 D．晕倒
303．What might cause the extreme weather event according to the passage?
A．The European Union’s policies. B．Climate change.
C．Carbon neutrality. D．Efficient use of energy.
304．What’s the passage mainly about?
A．Countries and organizations are looking for ways to deal with climate change.
B．Heat waves brought serious problems and countries and organizations are trying to solve them.
C．High temperatures can bring people many health problems.
D．Many foreign countries have achieved their goals of net-zero emissions so far.
【答案】300．C 301．B 302．D 303．B 304．B
【导语】本文介绍巨大的热浪带来的问题以及各国和各组织为此所做的努力。
300．细节理解题。根据“Huge heat waves (热浪) swept across European countries and parts of China.”可知，巨大的热浪席卷了欧洲国家和中国部分地区，故选C。
301．细节理解题。根据“They brought extreme (极端) high temperatures and drought (干旱).”可知，它们带来了极端高温和干旱，故选B。
302．词句猜测题。分析“If people stay in high temperatures for too long, the heat will harm their bodies and make people feel sick, pass out or even die.”可知，如果人们在高温中待得太久，热量会伤害他们的身体，此处pass out介于恶心和死亡之间，选项D“晕倒”符合语境，故选D。
303．细节理解题。根据“What caused the extreme weather event? Scientists said climate change was likely to be the reason.”可知，是什么导致了极端天气事件？科学家表示，气候变化可能是原因之一。故选B。
304．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍巨大的热浪带来的问题以及各国和各组织为此所做的努力，故选B。
（2023·四川凉山·统考中考真题）
At times, everything is going to go south on you. Maybe you can try your best to solve that. Maybe you have to accept that. You’re going to say, “This is it.” “This is how I end.”
Let’s read two stories about the super heroes from different countries. What did they do for their goals?
Jingwei Tries to Fill up the Sea
Once upon a time, the youngest daughter of Emperor Yan, went boating on the Eastern Sea. While she was enjoying herself, a strong wind rose on the sea, and her boat sank to the sea. Her spirit turned into a beautiful bird after she died. She cried sadly in the sound “Jingwei, Jingwei”. That was why people called her “Jingwei”.

The bird lived on a mountain near the sea. She was so sad that she decided to fill up the sea. Every day, she flew between the mountain and the sea, carrying a stone or a tree branch from the mountain and dropping it into the sea.
One day, the sea said to Jingwei, “Poor little bird, stop doing that meaningless thing! You’ll never fill me up.” Jingwei replied, “I’ll fill you up no doubt! I will, even if it will take me thousands of years! I’ll fight on without taking a rest.”
Robinson Crusoe
Robinson Crusoe is a main character from a novel named Robinson Crusoe.

When Robinson first arrived on the island, he had nothing. But he found the ship and made a small boat. He brought back many things he could use-food and drink, tools, knives and guns. Although he lost everything, he didn’t lose his life. He kept working and waiting for another ship. He used the knife to cut down trees and built a house. He went with his gun almost every day to kill animals and birds for food. He learned to grow fruit and vegetables. He lived on the island for many years and he was saved finally.
305．Who are the super heroes in the two stories?
A．Animals and birds. B．Jingwei and Robinson. C．Emperor Yan and the Eastern Sea.
306．Why did people call the beautiful bird “Jingwei”?
A．Because she cried sadly in the sound “Jingwei”.
B．Because her father gave her the name “Jingwei”.
C．Because the name of the mountain where she lived was”Jingwei”.
307．Robinson ________ with his knife in the passage.
A．grew fruit and vegetables
B．killed animals and birds for food
C．cut down trees to build a house
308．Which of the following statement is TRUE?
A．The sea thought Jingwei did the meaningful thing.
B．Jingwei decided to fill up the sea with stones and branches.
C．Robinson had some food and tools when he first arrived on the island.
309．The two stories show that people should ________ to reach their goals.
A．never give up B．ask for help C．keep away from difficulties
【答案】305．B 306．A 307．C 308．B 309．A
【导语】本文通过介绍《精卫填海》和《鲁滨逊漂流记》的故事内容，告诉我们要永不放弃。
305．细节理解题。根据“Jingwei Tries to Fill up the Sea”和“Robinson Crusoe”可知故事中的两个超级英雄分别是精卫和鲁滨逊·克鲁索。故选B。
306．细节理解题。根据“She cried sadly in the sound ‘Jingwei, Jingwei’. That was why people called her ‘Jingwei’.”可知是因为发出“精卫、精卫”的悲鸣声，所以人们称之为“精卫”。故选A。
307．细节理解题。根据“He used the knife to cut down trees and built a house.”可知鲁滨逊用刀砍倒了树，盖了一所房子。故选C。
308．细节理解题。根据“Every day, she flew between the mountain and the sea, carrying a stone or a tree branch from the mountain and dropping it into the sea.”可知精卫用石头和树枝来填海。故选B。
309．主旨大意题。根据“Jingwei replied, ‘I’ll fill you up no doubt! I will, even if it will take me thousands of years! I’ll fight on without taking a rest.’”和“When Robinson first arrived on the island, he had nothing...He lived on the island for many years and he was saved finally.”可知，本文通过介绍《精卫填海》和《鲁滨逊漂流记》的故事内容，告诉我们要永不放弃。故选A。
（2023·四川南充·统考中考真题）
Recently, a research on how a new virtual reality (VR虚拟现实) experience educated children about the fire disasters (灾害) was done. The new VR experience was developed by the University of South Australia, hoping to educate children to learn how to be safe in a fire. It presents a situation for children aged 10—12. In the situation, they are tasked to look after a friend’s dog just before a fire event begins. They take part in a set of problem-solving activities to help save and protect themselves and the dog.
The findings showed that over 80% of children could calmly tell the advantages and disadvantages of different choices. They also learned to make wise decisions to protect themselves from a fire. Children thought it especially important and meaningful, because 91% of them didn’t have knowledge of fires at the beginning, and 67% had said that they were too young to make safety decisions in a fire.
The researchers believed such VR experiences made it possible to engage, educate and empower the young. “As children born in modern times, they are interested in such technology and they can experience events in a real situation yet within the safe environment,” said Delene Weber, one of the researchers. “Well-designed VR can provide children with surprisingly valuable learning tools.” Meanwhile, because children have fewer life experiences, aren’t as physically strong, and are less likely to have learned much about fire safety, they’re often most at risk. However, the role that children play in the fire safety at their homes should not be underestimated (低估). “Children don’t need to be always waiting for help in disasters. With these VR experiences, we can make children understand the risks and realize they can help,” said Weber.
310．What’s the purpose of the new VR experience?
A．To describe children’s reactions to fire disasters.
B．To teach children to save themselves in a fire.
C．To introduce ways of avoiding a fire to children.
D．To increase children’s interest in VR experiences.
311．From the findings, what’s the children’s attitude (态度) towards the new VR experience?
A．Doubtful. B．Worried. C．Uncertain. D．Supportive.
312．Which of the following in the dictionary best explains the underlined word “engage” in Para.3?
engage /εn’geɪdʒ/
verb en·gaged, en·gag·ing.
①to draw one’s attention and keep them interested
②to give somebody a job
③to begin fighting with somebody
④to fit one part of a machine into another so they can work
A．① B．② C．③ D．④
313．From Para. 3, we mainly get to know the ________ of the new VR experience.
A．Development B．advantages C．quality D．introduction
314．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A．Children make no difference in the fire safety at their homes.
B．VR experiences are mainly designed for children in high school.
C．Well-designed VR can offer children amazingly valuable learning tools.
D．91% of children believed they weren’t old enough to make safety decisions.
【答案】310．B 311．D 312．A 313．B 314．C
【导语】本文介绍了一种新型虚拟现实体验可以帮助孩子们学会如何在火灾中避险求生。
310．细节理解题。根据“The new VR experience was developed by the University of South Australia, hoping to educate children to learn how to be safe in a fire.”可知，这种虚拟现实体验是希望能教育孩子们学习如何在火灾中保持安全。故选B。
311．推理判断题。根据“The findings showed that over 80% of children could calmly tell the advantages and disadvantages of different choices. They also learned to make wise decisions to protect themselves from a fire. Children thought it especially important and meaningful, because 91% of them didn’t have knowledge of fires at the beginning, and 67% had said that they were too young to make safety decisions in a fire.”可知，本段通过例举数据，介绍了很多孩子们认为这特别重要和有意义，应是持支持态度。故选D。
312．词句猜测题。根据“The researchers believed such VR experiences made it possible to engage, educate and empower the young. ‘As children born in modern times, they are interested in such technology and they can experience events in a real situation yet within the safe environment,’ said Delene Weber, one of the researchers.”可知，这种虚拟现实体验是想要年轻人去参与其中，并受到教育。划线词“engage”意为与A选项o draw one’s attention and keep them interested“吸引某人的注意力并保持他们的兴趣”意思相近。故选A。
313．细节理解题。根据“said Delene Weber, one of the researchers. ‘Well-designed VR can provide children with surprisingly valuable learning tools.’”和“‘Children don’t need to be always waiting for help in disasters. With these VR experiences, we can make children understand the risks and realize they can help,’ said Weber.”可知，本段主要介绍了虚拟现实体验的益处。故选B。
314．细节理解题。根据“Well-designed VR can provide children with surprisingly valuable learning tools.”可知，精心设计的虚拟现实体验可以为孩子们提供非常有价值的学习工具。故选C。
（2023·四川泸州·统考中考真题）
What is your first impression of bamboo in China? Is it only a kind of plant on the food list of pandas? No! It also represents single bamboo drifting（独竹漂）, an intangible cultural heritage（非物质文化遗产）passed from generation to generation among the people in Guizhou Province.
Single bamboo drifting has been performed for more than 2,000 years. In the past, the ancestors who lived on the bank of the Chishui River used it as a method to go across the river. Now, with the development of modern transportation, this skill has been regarded as a sport or a unique way of performance by local people.
Middle school students of the province practice the sport and compete in the Chinese National Games. The requirements of the sport are simple, yet demanding! Athletes have to balance on a bamboo pole, barely as wide as one’s foot, and guide it down the river with a thin stick. But there’s more than just guiding. While keeping balance on the narrow bamboo pole with the thin stick, the athletes are performing skills and tricks. Jumping, push-ups, and splits（劈叉）are some of the most common ones, whereas those who are more experienced often use their imagination to try out more difficult moves.
Yang Liu, a 25-year-old “water fairy” from Zunyi, Guizhou, dancing on the river in traditional Chinese costume, is an inheritor（继承人）of single bamboo drifting. For over ten years, combining drifting with dancing, Yang has put fresh energy into this traditional art. It’s not easy to stand, let alone dance on a single bamboo. So not surprisingly, Yang has experienced countless falls and failures. Thanks to her efforts, though, single bamboo drifting has gotten great fame on the Internet and become well-known in the world.
315．What did we mainly use single bamboo drifting for in ancient times?
A．A kind of sport. B．A way of dance.
C．A form of traditional art. D．A type of transportation.
316．What does the underlined word “demanding” probably mean in Chinese?
A．严苛的 B．繁琐的 C．宽松的 D．自在的
317．Why is a stick needed in single bamboo drifting?
A．To try out difficult moves. B．To guide and balance.
C．To perform different tricks. D．To practice and compete.
318．What do we know about Yang Liu?
A．She was a fairy with magical power. B．She kept practicing for over 10 years.
C．She was good at the skill from the start. D．She didn’t like the traditional art.
319．What mainly made single bamboo drifting famous around the world?
A．The spread of sports spirits. B．The development of tourism.
C．The popularity of Chinese festivals. D．The continuous efforts of generations.
【答案】315．D 316．A 317．B 318．B 319．D
【导语】本文介绍了贵州的非物质文化遗产项目——独竹漂。
315．细节理解题。根据“In the past, the ancestors who lived on the bank of the Chishui River used it as a method to go across the river.”可知，在过去，生活在赤水河畔的祖先们把“独竹漂”作为渡河的一种方法，也就是一种交通方式。故选D。
316．词句猜测题。根据“While keeping balance on the narrow bamboo pole with the thin stick, the athletes are performing skills and tricks. Jumping, push-ups, and splits（劈叉）are some of the most common ones, whereas those who are more experienced often use their imagination to try out more difficult moves.”可知，运动员们一边用细棍在狭窄的竹竿上保持平衡，一边表演技巧和窍门。跳跃、俯卧撑和劈叉是一些最常见的动作，而那些更有经验的人经常用他们的想象力来尝试更困难的动作。由此可知，这项运动的要求很简单，但是要求非常的高。demanding在此意为“严苛的”。故选A。
317．细节理解题。根据“But there’s more than just guiding. While keeping balance on the narrow bamboo pole with the thin stick”可知，运动员不仅需要用棍子来引导竹竿顺流漂移，而且还要用它在狭窄的竹竿上保持平衡。故选B。
318．细节理解题。根据“For over ten years, combining drifting with dancing, Yang has put fresh energy into this traditional art.”和“So not surprisingly, Yang has experienced countless falls and failures.”可知，十多年来，杨将独竹漂与舞蹈结合在一起，为这项传统艺术注入了新的活力。杨经历了无数次跌倒和失败，这并不奇怪。由此可知，杨苦练了十多年。故选B。
319．推理判断题。根据“It also represents single bamboo drifting（独竹漂）, an intangible cultural heritage（非物质文化遗产）passed from generation to generation among the people in Guizhou Province.”可知，独竹漂是贵州人民代代相传下来的非物质文化遗产。因此，独竹漂得以闻名于世是因为一代又一代人的不懈努力。故选D。
（2023·四川达州·统考中考真题）
Weekends, air conditioners (空调), takeouts… are all common things for modern people. Have you ever wondered if ancient people enjoyed the same lifestyles? Let’s take a look.
No weekendsIn ancient China, there were no weekends because people did not use a weekly calendar. But they could still relax after work. During the Han Dynasty, officers took one day off every five days. During the Tang Dynasty, officers worked for ten days and rested for one day. There were also many public holidays in ancient times, such as Spring Festival, winter solstice and Mid-Autumn Festival. People like farmers and businessmen usually worked most of the year, but even the most hard-working people would take a few days off during Spring Festival.
Smart ways of staying coolIn ancient times, though people didn’t have air conditioners, they had their own ways to get through the hot summer. People collected ice blocks in winter and stored them in an icehouse. When summer came, people could take the ice blocks home and use them to make their rooms cooler.
There was a kind of pillow (枕头) made of porcelain (瓷器) that felt pleasantly cool. Ancient people also made bamboo into bed mats (垫子) to sleep on. They’re still used today.
Takeouts not a new thingThere was takeout as far back as the Song Dynasty. In the famous Song Dynasty painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival (《清明上河图》), a takeout worker can be seen with food in hand.
People at the time even had special meal boxes for takeout dishes. They also used warming plates made of two layers (层) of porcelain. Hot water could be put between them to keep dishes warm.
320．Why were there no weekends in ancient times?
A．Because ancient people were more hard-working than modern ones.
B．Because ancient people didn’t use a weekly calendar.
C．Because the emperors didn’t allow their people to have a rest.
D．Because ancient people wanted to make more money.
321．How many ways are mentioned to stay cool in ancient China in the passage?
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
322．How did people in ancient times keep takeout dishes warm?
A．They put hot water between plates.
B．They lit candles under the dishes.
C．They covered the dishes with thick cloth.
D．They walked fast to deliver (送) the dishes.
323．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A．In ancient China, people like farmers and businessmen worked all year round.
B．Ancient people used bed mats made of silk to stay cool.
C．Along the River During the Qingming Festival was painted in Song Dynasty.
D．Modern people still have the same lifestyles as ancient people.
324．Where can we read this passage probably?
A．In a novel. B．In a science book.
C．In a history magazine. D．In a cooking book.
【答案】320．B 321．C 322．A 323．C 324．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍古代人的生活方式。
320．细节理解题。根据“In ancient China, there were no weekends because people did not use a weekly calendar.”可知，在中国古代，没有周末，因为人们不使用周历。故选B。
321．细节理解题。根据“People collected ice blocks in winter and stored them in an icehouse. When summer came, people could take the ice blocks home and use them to make their rooms cooler. There was a kind of pillow (枕头) made of porcelain (瓷器) that felt pleasantly cool. Ancient people also made bamboo into bed mats (垫子) to sleep on.”可知，文章提到了三种中国古代保持凉爽的方法，故选C。
322．细节理解题。根据“They also used warming plates made of two layers (层) of porcelain. Hot water could be put between them to keep dishes warm.”可知，他们还使用由两层瓷器制成的加热板，可以在它们之间放热水来保持盘子的温暖。故选A。
323．细节理解题。根据“In the famous Song Dynasty painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival”可知，《清明上河图》绘于宋代，故选C。
324．推理判断题。本文介绍古代人的生活方式，由此推知可能在历史杂志上看到这篇文章，故选C。