湖北省鄂州市部分高中教研协作体2022-2023学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题

这是一份湖北省鄂州市部分高中教研协作体2022-2023学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题，共15页。试卷主要包含了选择题的作答，非选择题的作答，15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022年秋季鄂州市部分高中教科研协作体期中考试
高一英语试卷
试卷满分：150分
注意事项：
1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3.非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。 写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. How does the woman like to go to work?
A. On foot. B. By car. C. By bike.
2. Which part of the man's body hurts the worst?
A. His hands. B. His back. C. His knee.
3. How many cups of lemonade does the man want?
A. One. B. Three. C. Five.
4. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. In a restaurant. B. In a supermarket. C. In the woman's house.
5. What does the man think of Andrew's painting now?
A. He likes its new style. B. He doesn't like it a lot. C. He appreciates its colours.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Friends. B. Neighbours. C. Teacher and student.
7. Which month is it now?
A. February. B. May. C. June.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What instrument are the speakers listening to?
A. Violin. B. Erhu. C. Piano.
9. How old is the performer?
A. 5 years old. B. 10 years old. C. 15 years old.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A book. B. A movie. C. A news story.
11. When did Amanda go through the forest?
A. Four days ago. B. Two days ago. C. Yesterday.
12. What happened to Amanda?
A. She got lost. B. She ran away. C. She got hurt.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At home. B. At a store. C. At a travel agency.
14. What do we know about the woman's last gift?
A. She returned it. B. It wasn't used. C. Her father liked it a lot.
15. Who gave a camera as a Father's Day gift?
A. The woman. B. The man. C. The woman's brother.
16. What is the woman's father interested in?
A. Travelling. B. Technology. C. Clothes.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What was the main subject of the study?
A. Sitting for too long. B. Watching TV or videos. C. Dealing with health problems.
18. When was the study finished?
A. In 2001. B. In 2016. C. In 2017.
19. Which of the following watched TV most in the study?
A. Children. B. Teenagers. C. The elderly.
20. How does the speaker sound?
A. Worried. B. Confident. C. Excited.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A

WHO WE ARE
China Daily and its Discover Beautiful China platform（dbc.chinaservicesinfo.com）, China Daily Website and China Daily App are calling for submissions（提交） of photos and videos from now until 30 December 2022.
Organizations and individuals, both in China and around the world, are welcome to share with us works describing the beautiful country of China.
WHAT WE ARE LOOKING FOR
Photos or short videos with four major themes:
•Sceneries of China
•Cityscapes in China
•Customs unique to China
•Cultural heritage of China
Languages in either English or Chinese are preferred.
WHAT YOU CAN GET
Among prizes/awards to be given to the individual winners, we offer a top prize of up to 10,000 yuan（$1,496）. Some of the best works have a chance to be featured on the China Daily Website, dbc.chinaservicesinfo.com, and China Daily App （with 37 million users）.
HOW TO PARTICIPATE
1. Photos
No more than 10 photos, 5 MB at most for each; with a caption（说明文字） of up to 200 words; format（格式） in JPG or PNG
2. Videos
Format: MP4 or MOV
Size: 1 GB at most, less than 4 minutes
Caption: 200-500 English or Chinese words to give a brief introduction
HOW TO SUBMIT
*Click the button to see the full text of the statement
CONTACT US:
liyangl@chinadaily.com.cn
lvfu@chinadaily.com.cn
21. What's the purpose of the above event?
A. To share some tips. B. To collect some works.
C. To introduce some photos. D. To recommend some videos.
22. Which of the following is welcome?
A. A 6MB photo. B. A 2GB video.
C. A PNG photo. D. A 5-minute video.
23. What must you do to take part in the event?
A. Focus on Chinese sceneries. B. Join an organization in China.
C. Use captions in the Chinese language. D. Submit your work（s） by 30 December 2022.
B
It was Christmas Eve when my elder sister and I decided to open our presents before our mom got home from work. She usually came home about an hour after we got home from school, which we thought was plenty of time to sneak a look（偷看） at the gifts under the tree.
My elder sister opened present after present while I was ordered to stand guard at the big window in our front room. Finally, when my sister's curiosity was satisfied, we changed places.
After opening a few presents, I found it faster to open one end of a present and look inside. “Cool! Mom and Dad got me headphones!” I pulled the headphones out of the box and was about to put them on when my sister shouted, “Quick! Wrap（包裹） it back up! Mom's coming!”
I put the headphones back in the box but my hands were shaking. My heart beat faster as I tried to get the tape to stick. I had just finished burying the package with my headphones in it when my mother came into the front room. I jumped up and said, “Hi, Mom!” She smiled at me and said “Hi” back, but didn't appear to suspect（怀疑） a thing. My heart began to slow as I took a deep breath.
On Christmas morning, my sister and I smiled, and gave award-winning performances when we opened our presents—again. “Headphones!” I shouted. “Thanks, it's just what I wanted.” After everything had been opened, my sister and I looked at each other, and our eyes met. Our secret was safe, but somehow Christmas morning didn't feel the same.
My sister and I never opened our Christmas presents early again. I don't know if it was that opening our gifts for the second time just wasn't as much fun as the first time, or if we came too close to getting caught and didn't want to think about what our mother would have done to us.
24. What did the author and his sister do before their mother came back?
A. They bought some Christmas presents. B. They hid Christmas presents under the tree.
C. They opened Christmas presents in advance. D. They wrapped the headphones for their mother.
25. How was the author feeling when his mother was coming?
A. Grateful and moved. B. Happy and excited.
C. Curious and surprised. D. Nervous and frightened.
26. Why did Christmas morning give the author a different feeling?
A. His secret was found out. B. His curiosity wasn't satisfied.
C. A pleasant surprise was lost. D. A festival atmosphere was lost.
27. What can we infer about the author from the last paragraph?
A. He didn't like the headphones. B. He regretted what he had done.
C. He wasn't satisfied with his mother. D. He couldn't find his Christmas present.
C
Scientists report that people in Sydney, Australia are in a war with cockatoos（凤头鹦鹉）. The birds have learned to open the lids on trash bins（垃圾桶盖）, and people are figuring out new ways to keep the lids closed. But the clever birds are quickly discovering new tricks.
Cockatoos are large, white birds in the parrot family. They're common in western Australia, where they normally live in wooded areas. But as forests have been cut down, cockatoos have gotten used to living near people.
Last year, scientists at the Max Planck Institute reported that cockatoos had learned how to open the lids on trash bins. Cockatoos open the lids to find food scraps（剩下的食物）. But they can also make a big mess, which upsets the people who own the trash bins.
What really interested the scientists was that the birds were teaching other cockatoos how to do the same thing. When scientists first began studying the cockatoos in 2018, only three areas near Sydney had lid-opening cockatoos. A year and a half later, cockatoos in 44 different areas knew the trick.
The researchers asked over 1,100 people from around Sydney about their trash bins. More than 15% of the people were taking steps. The goal was to make it hard for the cockatoos to open the bins. The most common way of protecting the bins was putting a brick or other heavy object on the lid.
The scientists discovered that the humans were teaching each other tricks, too. In most neighbourhoods, many people used the same cockatoo-stopping methods as their neighbours.
The researchers say it's like a race between humans and cockatoos to learn new ways of doing things. Now many cockatoos have learned how to push heavy things off the bins. As a result, humans have figured out ways to attach the items to the top of their bins. The researchers describe the situation as a “human-wildlife conflict（冲突）”. They expect these conflicts to become more common as humans take over more areas that used to be wild.
28. Why do cockatoos choose to live near people?
A. To avoid being killed. B. To look for some food.
C. They like playing with trash bins. D. Their homes have been destroyed.
29. How do the owners of trash bins feel about the cockatoos' behaviour?
A. Worried. B. Surprised.
C. Annoyed. D. Interested.
30. What do the researchers think of the situation between cockatoos and people?
A. It's a boring game. B. It's an interesting contest.
C. It's a necessary competition. D. It's an effective communication.
31. What can we infer about the cockatoos?
A. They are stupid indeed. B. They like making trouble.
C. They like communicating with people. D. They keep learning and making progress.
D
This summer has brought extreme heat and droughts to places around the world. The droughts are leading to serious problems, including shortages of food and energy, problems with transportation, and food price increases. The effects of the droughts are likely to be felt for years.
From Africa to Europe to the US to China, record temperatures and low rainfall have been causing problems. Droughts aren't new, but Earth's rising temperatures because of global warming are making them much harder to avoid.
The drought in the Horn of Africa may be the most serious situation. For several years, the area has had very little rain during the rainy seasons. Now the area, which includes Ethiopia, Kenya, and Somalia, is suffering from its worst drought in 40 years.
Almost two-thirds of Europe is threatened（威胁） by what may be the worst drought there in 500years. With temperatures reaching 40℃ and hotter, many crops have been damaged. In France, Spain, Portugal, and even Britain, firefighters have struggled to control wildfires.
In the US, many states that use water from the Colorado River are struggling with low water levels. Farmers in California and Arizona have been hit particularly hard. In California water use is being limited now and farmers aren't able to grow as many crops. That can drive up food prices, and that affects everyone.
China is facing similar problems. It has been attacked by a terrible drought this summer, with temperatures as high as 45℃. The drought has dried up much of the water in the Yangtze, China's longest river. That has cut the amount of energy produced by the world's largest dam by 40%.
There are no easy solutions for any of these droughts. It took years to create the climate crisis, and it will take a long time to get it under control. For now, governments and people will need to carefully manage water supplies and other resources to limit the damage as much as possible.
32. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Problems. B. Droughts.
C. The effects of the droughts. D. Earth's rising temperatures.
33. What make farmers in California grow fewer crops?
A. Wildfires. B. Food prices.
C. Water limits. D. High water levels.
34. How does the author develop the text?
A. By giving some examples. B. By offering some reasons.
C. By answering some questions. D. By explaining some puzzles.
35. What would be the best title for the text?
A. The Reasons Behind Worldwide Droughts B. The Effects of Extreme Heat and Droughts
C. Droughts Cause Problems Around the World D. Solutions Are Needed for Worldwide Droughts
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you want to improve your relationship with Mom or Dad, try listening to them, just like you would listen to a friend.
Now, it may seem kind of strange to treat your parents as if they were normal people and all, but it's worth trying. We're always saying to our parents, “ 36 ” But have you ever stopped to consider that maybe you don't understand them?
They have pressures, too, you know? While you're worrying about your friends and your upcoming history test, they're worrying about their bosses and how they're going to pay for your education. Like you, sometimes they get offended at work and go in the restroom to cry. 37 Your mom may have too much work stress to just sit down and relax at night. Your dad may get laughed at by the neighbours because of the car he drives. They may have unfulfilled dreams they've had to sacrifice so that you can reach yours. 38 They laugh, they cry, they get their feelings hurt, and they don't always get their act together, just like me and you.
39 First, you'll gain a greater respect for them. Second, if you take time to understand your parents, you'll get your way much more often. If they feel that you understand them, they'll be more willing to listen to you, they'll be more flexible, and they'll trust you more.
40 Start by asking them some questions. When's the last time you asked your mom or dad, “How was your day today?” or “Tell me what you like and don't like about your job” or “Is there anything I could do to help around the house?”
A. You don't understand me.
B. Hey, parents are people, too.
C. It's important to get on well with your parents.
D. So how can you better understand your parents?
E. Jump into their shoes and think from their point of view.
F. They have days when they don't know how they will pay the bills.
G. If you take time to listen to your parents, two wonderful things will happen.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A lottery（彩票） winner in Kentucky won a six-figure jackpot（头奖）. However, she wasn't the only one who 41 — she celebrated her win by 42 gift cards at a local store.
Crystal Dunn of Louisville won the game’s $146,351.74 progressive jackpot. “I saw that and didn’t believe it 43 ,” Dunn told the lottery board. “I never thought I would win something like this, but this goes to show it can 44 ,” she continued.
Dunn traveled to the headquarters of the Kentucky Lottery Corporation to 45 her jackpot on 8 July. After taxes, she 46 a check for $103,909.73. Dunn said she 47 to use the money to buy a car and pay off bills. But she made it 48 that she would spread a little 49 before she returned home with her winnings.
She stopped by Meijer — a supercenter store chain in Kentucky — to 50 a part of her jackpot. Dunn purchased $2,000 in gift cards and handed them out to 51 .
“Many were excited, but a few were 52 , thinking I was wanting something 53 ,” Dunn reportedly told the lottery board. “I got a（n） 54 gif t and I believe in paying it forward and I want to pass it along,” she continued. “Actually, sharing is caring and giving is more 55 than receiving. I've worked hard for everything I've had. This is a pretty amazing gift.”
41. A. tried B. benefited C. worked D. learned
42. A. taking out B. giving away C. paying off D. turning down
43. A. finally B. regularly C. formally D. actually
44. A. happen B. appear C. display D. improve
45. A. check B. collect C. raise D. search
46. A. found B. wrote C. received D. demanded
47. A. planned B. requested C. managed D. imagined
48. A. serious B. easy C. possible D. clear
49. A. energy B. happiness C. patience D. information
50. A. share B. leave C. refuse D. divide
51. A. readers B. workers C. shoppers D. teachers
52. A. thankful B. confident C. delighted D. surprised
53. A. by chance B. at once C. on purpose D. in return
54. A. simple B. unexpected C. common D. impossible
55. A. practical B. difficult C. rewarding D. available
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Here's one more reason to get up and exercise! A newly 56 （publish） study in JAMA Neurology has found that walking about 10,000 steps per day 57 （help） lower the risk of developing dementia（痴呆症）. In fact, 4,000 steps a day is enough 58 （decrease） dementia risk by one-quarter, according to the study.
Furthermore, people who walk with “purpose”— 59 a pace of over 40 steps a minute — 60 （be） able to cut their risk of dementia by 57 percent with just about 6,000 steps a day. “It is a brisk（轻快的） walking activity, like a power walk,” study co-author Borja del Pozo Cruz told CNN.
Even people 61 walk about 3,800 steps a day at any speed can cut their risk of dementia by 25percent, the study found. Such a number of steps would be enough for 62 （beginner）, especially those who usually sit for a long time each day.
“There is evidence 63 physical activity can enhance（提高） dementia 64 （prevent） among the general population,” Del Pozo Cruz said. “We thought that by providing specific stepping recommendations, people would pay more attention to physical activity, as steps and walking are something everyone understands 65 require very little resources.”
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以Be Wise Internet Users为题写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：
1.明智上网的重要性；
2.提出具体建议（两到三条）。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Be Wise Internet Users
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My family and I were taking a well-deserved vacation to Disneyland. I had never been there before and was eagerly anticipating experiencing the magic.
There was another reason that this trip was special. My father was a workaholic who worked long hours. I longed to spend time with him. I wanted to be able to sit down with my father, who I loved more than life, and just talk. It always seemed like there was never time.
The day finally arrived when I was allowed to pack my clothes. I chose only my favourite outfits. I threw in my autograph book and then muscled the suitcase zipper around the overflow of clothes. I set my suitcase on my comforter and smiled. I was ready.
I didn't get any sleep that night. I lay in my bed and stared out the window. I knew that my father's work was going to be left at home, finally.
After a brief breakfast we hit the open road. It was all smooth sailing for the first couple of hours until I unexpectedly felt a sharp stop. We coasted to the side of the road, and my dad said something was wrong with the engine. We were in the middle of four lanes of traffic, so he decided the easiest thing to do would be to signal someone to stop and get a ride into town.
An hour later, my dad was still waving his hands at each and every passing car but it wasn't doing any good. Not a single person would stop to assist my helpless family. Finally, Father gave up and decided to walk into town. I was certain it was a very long distance. I pleaded with him to stay and try again, but he was deaf to my pleading. He just said that he wouldn't let anything ruin this trip for me. My heart ached as he put on his coat and began to walk away from our car. My dad has a back problem, and he was too stubborn to admit that he wasn't in any condition to even walk a couple of miles.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then I saw a man out of the window, who was a truck driver.


After reaching the town, we expressed our thanks again.


答案
第一部分 听力
答案:
1-5 CCBAB 6-10 CACBC
11-15 ACBBC 16-20 AABCA
听力原文
Text 1
M: I think more people need to walk to work in our city. Almost everyone has their own car and most people drive only themselves!
W: I agree with you. I don’t like to drive to work, but I would rather ride a bicycle than walk.
Text 2
W: The older I get, the worse my body hurts. I can’t move my hands easily anymore.
M: Same here. My knee hurts the worst. I can hardly sit down some days. At least my back still feels okay, though.
Text 3
W: Do you want some lemonade? It’s one dollar a cup. I have five left.
M: I’ll take three for my three kids. They just got out of a soccer game and are very thirsty.
Text 4
M: I’ll have a cup of coffee, please.
W: Would you like a piece of cake with it? Our cook has just made a very nice chocolate one and the price is reasonable.
Text 5
M: What did Andrew do to his painting? It looks very different. I liked it the way it was before.
W: He said he’s trying a new style, but he hasn’t finished it yet.
Text 6
W: Hi, thanks for meeting with me. My friend Michael told me you helped him get great scores on this test.
M: No problem. If you want my advice, this is what I think you should do. First, you should start studying long before the test date. If the test is scheduled for May, you should begin to study in February.
W: Oh! My test is in June, so I have four months until then.
M: Good! Most people only need about three months to prepare. We have plenty of time to get you ready.
Text 7
M: That girl really has a talent. Just look at how she moves to the music. She plays the piano with so much emotion.
W: I agree. She’s very young, too. I was surprised to find out she’s only 10 years old.
M: Wow! How did she get so far so quickly? I thought she was at least 15.
W: I read about her before the concert began. She comes from a very musical family. Her father performs on the violin, and her mother is a professional erhu player.
M: That’s amazing! No wonder she’s so good. This child has probably been playing since she was 4 or 5 years old.
Text 8
M: Are you doing work this late at night again? It’s almost 2:00 a. m. Your eyes need some rest, dear.
W: No, I was reading a book online, but now I’m just checking out the news. Did you hear that Amanda was found in the forest?
M: Who is Amanda?
W: She’s a young woman who lives in Hawaii. She went hiking through a forest four days ago and never came back home. Hundreds of people had been searching for her.
M: Maybe she ran away.
W: No, that wasn’t the reason.
M: Maybe she got lost.
W: Not likely, since she knew the paths well.
M: So, have they found her?
W: Yes, they just found her today. She had fallen by a waterfall. Her leg was broken, so she couldn’t climb back up to get help.
Text 9
M: Are you looking for something special?
W: Yes. I want to buy my dad a nice gift for Father’s Day. I usually couldn’t get him things that he likes, so I want to get it right this time.
M: Well, we have many items that men usually like. Does he use computers much? We sell a screen cover that protects the eyes.
W: No, he’s not much interested in technology.
M: How about clothes, then? Our shirts and ties are some of our most popular Father’s Day products.
W: That’s what I bought him last year — a nice jacket. He never wore it. But he liked my brother’s gift, which was a camera. He uses it to take many pictures from different parts of the world.
M: Your father probably likes to travel, right?
W: That’s true.
M: Then I have a perfect gift for him: a foldable travel bag. It can carry a lot of things, and it’s comfortable to hold. When you aren’t using it, the bag can be folded into a carrying bag that is as small as a wallet.
Text 10
Even though they know it’s bad for their health, most Americans still sit for long periods of time. The U.S. Department of Health says that Americans should move around more. A group at the Washington University School of Medicine just finished a study of more than 50,000 people on this topic. The results are not very good. Between 2001 and 2016, the amount of time most people sit down every day increased. Teenagers spent about 7 hours per day sitting, but it went up an hour by the end of the study in 2016. Adults went from 5.5 hours to 6.5 hours. Researchers also found that most of the people in the study spent at least 2 hours a day sitting and watching TV or videos. Elderly people had the highest number of TV watchers, at 84 percent. Even 62 percent of children under 12 spent that much time watching shows each day. Sitting too much time is related to health problems like being very fat and having heart problems.
第二部分 阅读
第一节
A
【语篇导读】
本文是一篇应用文。文章简要介绍了“大美中国（Discover Beautiful China）”这项由《中国日报社》主办的图片和短视频征集活动。
【答案解析】
21. B 细节理解题。根据WHO WE ARE部分可知，“大美中国（Discover Beautiful China）”是一项由《中国日报社》主办的图片和短视频征集活动。故B项正确。
22. C 细节理解题。根据HOW TO PARTICIPATE部分可知，本次征集活动的要求为：图片最大5 MB、格式为JPG或PNG；视频最大1 GB、长度不超过4分钟、格式为MP4或MOV。故C项正确。
23. D 细节理解题。综合全文可知，世界各地的机构或个人都可以参加本次征集活动，图片或视频的说明文字中英文皆可，提交作品的截止时间是2022年12月30日。故D项正确。
B
【语篇导读】
本文是一篇记叙文。出于好奇心，作者和姐姐在圣诞节前夕趁母亲不在时偷偷提前打开了圣诞礼物。可是，当圣诞节清晨打开礼物的一刻来临，作者却体会到一种失落感。
【答案解析】
24. C 细节理解题。根据第一至三段可知，出于好奇心，作者和姐姐在圣诞节前夕趁母亲不在时偷偷提前打开了圣诞礼物。故C项正确。
25. D 推理判断题。根据第四段可知，听到母亲马上要回来，作者双手发抖、心跳加快。故D项正确。
26. C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，圣诞节清晨作者打开礼物后假装激动和尖叫，其实那份惊喜已经不存在了。故C项正确。
27. B 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者和姐姐从此以后再也没有提前打开过圣诞礼物，他分析可能的原因是第二次打开礼物不再有真正的惊喜和兴奋感。由此判断，他对自己之前提前打开礼物的做法是有点后悔的。故B项正确。
C
【语篇导读】
本文是一篇说明文。澳大利亚某地区的人们正在跟凤头鹦鹉进行着一场特殊的比拼和较量——前者处心积虑地去盖好垃圾桶盖子，而后者却想方设法去打开它们。
【答案解析】
28. D 细节理解题。根据第二段可知，由于森林被砍伐，所以这些凤头鹦鹉来到了距离人类近的地方。故D项正确。
29. C 推理判断题。根据第三段可知，这些凤头鹦鹉打开垃圾桶的盖子是为了找食物吃，不过在找食物的同时会将垃圾桶周围环境弄得脏乱不堪，这让当地居民们很心烦。故C项正确。
30. B 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，研究人员认为，人们跟凤头鹦鹉之间正在展开一场较量，在这场较量中双方都在学习解决问题的新办法。故这是一场有趣的较量。由此判断B项正确。
31. D 推理判断题。综合全文可知，凤头鹦鹉很聪明，它们打开垃圾桶盖子只是为了找食物吃，并非捣乱；它们不断想出新的办法来应对人们设置的种种障碍达到自己的目的，这说明它们一直在学习并不断进步。故D项正确。
D
【语篇导读】
本文是一篇说明文。今年夏天世界各地出现极端高温和干旱。干旱正在导致各种严重的问题——包括粮食和能源短缺、交通问题和粮食价格上涨等。
【答案解析】
32. B 代词指代题。根据第二段可知，画线处句意为：干旱并不新鲜，但由于全球变暖导致地球温度上升，这使得它们更难以避免。由此可知，这里的them指代前面提到的Droughts。故B项正确。
33. C 细节理解题。根据第五段可知，在美国加利福尼亚，农民之所以种植的农作物减少，是因为该州实行了限水政策。故C项正确。
34. A 推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者主要通过举例的方式（列举各个国家遇到的问题）来说明高温和干旱在全球范围的严重性。故A项正确。
35. C 标题归纳题。综合全文可知，本文主要介绍了干旱正在给世界各国带来各种严重的问题。第一段揭示了本文的主旨。故C项正确。
第二节
【语篇导读】
本文是一篇议论文。我们常常抱怨父母不理解我们，其实，父母也需要我们的理解。作者认为，相互理解的关键是沟通和交流。
【答案解析】
36. A 根据下一句的反问（但你是否停下考虑过也许你并不理解他们？）可知，A项符合语境。
37. F 根据上下文可知，本段主要说明父母的种种艰辛和不易，因此F项符合语境。
38. B 上下文都在描述父母在现实生活中面临的各种艰难，因此B项正好承上启下，符合语境。
39. G 本段说明了聆听和理解父母带来的两个好处，因此G项适合作为本段的主旨概括句。
40. D 下文具体说明了我们应该如何与父母进行沟通和交流，因此D项符合语境，引领本段。
第三部分 语言运用
第一节
【语篇导读】
本文是一篇记叙文。美国肯塔基州的一位女士彩票中大奖后，没有独自享受突如其来的幸福，而是选择与周围的人分享。她通过在当地商店赠送礼品卡来传递她的快乐。
【答案解析】
41. B 根据下文可知，这位女士彩票中大奖后选择与他人分享幸福——她不是唯一受益的人。
42. B 根据下文可知，这位女士在当地一家商店购买并赠送礼品卡给周围的陌生人。
43. D 根据下句可知，事实上，当Crystal Dunn刚开始听到自己中大奖时，根本不相信这是真的。
44. A Crystal Dunn中大奖的事实证明，她原本认为不可能的事是可能发生的。
45. B Crystal Dunn到肯塔基彩票公司去领取奖金。这里collect意为“领走；拿走”。
46. C Crystal Dunn收到了一张价值103,909.73美元的支票。
47. A 下文提到的use the money to buy a car and pay off bills是Crystal Dunn彩票中奖后的计划。
48. D Crystal Dunn明确表示，她打算将这份幸福与他人分享。make it clear that…意为“表明；明确表示”。
49. B Crystal Dunn打算在回家前分享一些中大奖的快乐与幸福给周围的陌生人。
50. A Crystal Dunn去了当地的一家商店，打算跟陌生人分享她彩票大奖的一部分。
51. C 上文提到Crystal Dunn在一家商店，因此这里指她购买了价值2,000美元的礼品卡分发给了周围的购物者。hand sth out表示“分发或分配某物”。
52. D 大部分收到礼品卡的人都很兴奋，但是有少数人感到吃惊。本空前的but一词暗示这里D项正确。
53. D 有少数收到礼品卡的人以为Crystal Dunn这么做是有所企图的。in return“作为回报”。
54. B 第二段中提到I saw that and didn’t believe it，由此可知，对Crystal Dunn来说中大奖是一份意想不到的礼物。
55. C 由于Crystal Dunn选择了付出，因此她认为给予比接受更加有价值。
第二节
【语篇导读】
本文是一篇说明文。《美国医学会神经病学杂志》上最新发表的一项研究发现，每天走大约1万步有助于降低患老年痴呆症的风险。
【答案解析】
56. published
考查非谓语动词。这里提到的研究结果是被发表，因此用过去分词published作定语。
57. helps
考查时态和主谓一致。本句在陈述一个现实的客观事实，因此用一般现在时；由于本句主语是动词-ing短语walking about 10,000 steps per day，视为单数，因此填入helps。
58. to decrease
考查非谓语动词。be enough to do sth是一个固定句式，这里用动词不定式作目的状语。
59. at
考查介词。名词pace前通常用介词at，表示“以……的速度”，例如at a good/fast/slow/walking pace。
60. are
考查主谓一致。本句的主语是people，而非a pace of over 40 steps，因此填入系动词are。
61. who/that
考查定语从句。本空前的people是先行词，这里填入关系代词who或that引导一个定语从句。
62. beginners
考查名词的单复数。beginner一词为可数名词，根据语境应该用复数形式。
63. that
考查同位语从句。名词evidence后的physical activity ... population是在说明其具体内容，因此填入that引导同位语从句。
64. prevention
考查词形转换。本空前面是动词enhance，因此这里需要填入一个名词作其宾语。
65. and
考查连词。are something everyone understands与require very little resources是意义并列，因此填入并列连词and。
第四部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Be Wise Internet Users
It goes without saying that the Internet plays an increasingly important role in our lives. However, to make the best use of the Internet, we must be wise Internet users.
In the first place, we must use the Internet for the right purposes. Besides having online classes, we can search for some useful information on the Internet instead of playing computer games. What’s more, we need to limit our time on the Internet. It’s common knowledge that long screen time does great harm to our mental health as well as eyes. Never should we enjoy the convenience of technology at the cost of our health.
Let’s use the Internet wisely and improve our studies effectively!
第二节
One possible version:
Then I saw a man out of the window, who was a truck driver. I looked around and found that his truck was parked on the other side of the road. He offered to take us to the town. The feeling I felt at that moment was beyond words. “Thank you! It’s so kind of you to help us. Nobody else had taken time out of his or her own selfish life to stop,” said my dad. “It’s nothing. Everyone can meet some unexpected difficulties,” replied the man.
After reaching the town, we expressed our thanks again. “You are such a great help. Thank you very much. Please take the money,” my dad took out 20 dollars. “No! Just forget about it. Virtue is its own reward, isn’t it?” said the man warmly. I was truly touched by what he had done and said. He didn’t even know us, and he didn’t expect anything in return. It was at that time that I realized we make a living by what we get but we make a life by what we give.