初中英语人教新目标 (Go for it) 版八年级上册Section A优秀课后测评

这是一份初中英语人教新目标 (Go for it) 版八年级上册Section A优秀课后测评，文件包含同步讲义人教版英语八年级上册-Unit8SectionA学生版docx、同步讲义人教版英语八年级上册-Unit8SectionA教师版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共38页， 欢迎下载使用。

Unit 8 Section A

目标导航


单词
shake n.&v.摇动；抖动 salt n.食盐
pour v.倒出；倾倒 sugar n.食糖
yogurt n.酸奶 cheese n.干酪；奶酪
honey n.蜂蜜 corn n.玉米；谷物
watermelon n.西瓜 machine n.机器；机械装置
spoon n.勺；调羹 add v.增加；添加
dig v.(dug)掘（地）；凿（洞）； finally adv.最后；最终
hole n.洞；孔；坑
短语
cut up 切碎 turn on接通（电流、煤气、水等）；打开
milk shake 奶昔 pour...into...把······倒进······里
another 10 minutes 另外十分钟 put...into...把······放进······里
one more thing 还有一件事 a cup of yogurt 一杯酸奶
plant a tree=plant trees 植树
make (Russia) soup/popcorn/beef noodles/fruit salad...做（罗宋）汤／爆米花／牛肉面／水果沙拉······
用法归纳
1.how many+可数名词复数多少······how much+不可数名词 多少···..·
2.let sb. do sth.让某人做某事
3.want(sb.)to do sth.想要（某人）做某事 want to do sth.忘记做某事（事情未做）
4.forget doing sth.忘记做过某事（事情已做） forget to do sth.需要做某事
5.need doing sth.某事需要被做 need sb./sth.需要某人／某物
6. How about..?=What about...?······怎么样？（通常用来提建议或请求，后面
一般接名词、代词或动名词）
句子
1.First,peel the bananas.首先，将香蕉剥皮。
2.Next,put the bananas in the blender.接着，将香蕉放入搅拌器。
3.Then,pour the milk into the blender.然后，将牛奶倒入搅拌器。
4.Finally,turn on the blender.最后，打开搅拌器。
5.How much yogurt do we need?我们需要多少酸奶？

知识精讲


知识点01 how引导的特殊疑问句的用法
教材原句
How do you make a banana milk shake?你怎样制作香蕉奶昔？（P57)
用法how引导的特殊疑问句意为“······怎样／如何？”，用以对做某事的方式、方法、途径及动作程度等进行提问。
－How do you learn English?你是怎样学习英语的？
－By working with a group.通过和小组一起学习的方式。
注意
how 引导的特殊疑问句可以根据实际来回答。对方式状语提问用“By名词／动名词＋其他”来回答；也可以根据具体的方式描述来回答。
知识点02 make v.制作；使得，使变得
教材原句
How do you make a banana milk shake?你怎样制作香蕉奶昔？（P57)
用法
1.make sb.sth.或 make sth.for sb.为某人制作某物
Dad made me a beautiful kite.= Dad made a beautiful kite for me.爸爸为我制作了一只漂亮的风筝。
2.作“使得”讲，在主动语态中后接省去to的动词不定式结构（在被动语态中to不能省）。
Mr.Green's words made me feel more confident.格林先生的话使我感到更自信了。
We were made to laugh.我们被逗笑了。
Who made you angry?谁惹你生气了？
make的其他常见搭配：
①make sb. do sth.使某人做某事
②make sb./sth.＋ adj使某人或某事··...
③be made to do sth.被迫做某事


。
【即学即练1】
Miss Gao tries to make her students （express) their ideas.
解析：
考查make的用法。make 作“使得”讲，常用于“make sb.do sth.”结构。答案express
知识点03 shake n.&v.摇动；抖动（过去式shook)
教材原句
How do you make a banana milk shake?你怎样制作香蕉奶昔？（P57)
例句
Please give the bottle a good shake before you open it.打开瓶子之前，请使劲摇一摇。
She gave him a shake to wake him.她摇了摇他，把他叫醒。
The whole house shakes when a train goes past.火车驶过时，整座房子都颤动起来。
Do people in Italy shake hands when they meet?在意大利，人们见面时握手吗？
shake 的常见搭配：
milk shake 奶昔
shake hands 握手
shake one's head 摇头
【即学即练2】
The nurse took the thermometer ( 体温计 ), （move quickly from side to side, up and down,etc.) it and put it under my armpit.
解析：
根据英文提示，“从一边到另一边、上下快速摇动”可知用动词shake“摇动”来表达。上文的took提示用过去式。答案shook
知识点04 turn on的用法（高频考点）
教材原句Turn on the blender.打开搅拌器。（P57)
用法
turn on 意为“打开”，是“动词＋副词”构成的动词短语，后接代词做定语时，该代词要位于tum和on之间；若后接名词做宾语，则该名词可以位于turn和on之间，也可以位于turn on之后。
It's so hot today. Could you please turn on the air-conditioner?今天天气真热。请打开空调好吗？
There is something wrong with the blender. Don't turn it on,please.搅拌器有故障。请不要打开它。
固定搭配
turn around转身 turn up调高（音量等） turn over翻转
turn off关闭 turn down调低（音量等） turn into变成；成为
温馨提示
turn down还表示“拒绝”，相当于refuse
辨析：turn on 与open
turn on多指接通水、电流、煤气，打开电视等，其反义短语为 turn off.
I opened the door, came into the room and turn on the light.我打开门，进入房间，打开了灯。
open多指打开门、窗、柜子、盒子、抽屉、书本等。其反义词为close.
【即学即练3】
Please the computer,Lily. It's time for you to go to bed.
A.turn off B.turn up C.turn on
解析
考查动词短语。句意：莉莉，请关上电脑。到你睡觉的时间了。turn off关上；turn up调高；turn
on打开。根据句意，故选A.
知识点05 cut up的用法
教材原句Cut up the bananas. 把香蕉切碎。（P57)
用法cut up意为“把······切碎、切开”，相当于cut...into pieces.
You have to cut it up and eat it with a fork.你必须切开它，用叉子吃。
注意
cut up属于“动词＋副词”结构，接代词it/them时要放在cutup中间，接名词时放后、中间都可以。
固定搭配
含cut的短语：
cut up 切碎 cut down砍倒 cut out删除 cut off切断，中断 cut...in two/half把······切成两半
cut in插嘴；打断（谈话） cut in time插队 cut...into pieces把······切成碎片
【即学即练4】
I want to make Russian soup.Could you please the tomatoes for me?
A.cut up B.get up C.dress up
解析
考查动词短语的用法。答案A
知识点06 pour的用法
教材原句. Pour the milk into the blender.把牛奶倒入搅拌器。（P57)
用法
pour做及物动词，意为“倒出；倾倒”，其后可以接名词／代词做宾语。pour可以接双宾语或介词短语，即pour sb. sth./pour sth. for sb. .
Shall I pour you a cup of tea?＝Shall I pour a cup of tea for you?需要我给你倒杯茶吗？
固定搭配
pour...in/into...把······倒入／灌入······里；pour...out 把······倒出；pour...over...把······倒在······上面；pour out of涌出，冒出。
拓展：
pour作动词，还有“（雨）倾盆而下”之意。
It's pouring outside.外面下着瓢泼大雨。
【即学即练5】
请把热水倒入杯子里。
Please hot water the glass.
答案 pour into
知识点07 how much的用法（高频考点）
教材原句How much yogurt do we need?我们需要多少酸奶？（P58)
用法how much表示“多少”，后面跟不可数名词，对不可数名词的量进行提问。
－How much water do you need?你需要多少水？
－Two bottles of water.两瓶水。
辨析：
how much 作“多少”讲，后接不可数名词，提问不可数名词的量；作“多少钱”讲用于询问物品的价格。
how many 后接可数名词，提问可数名词的数量。
How much is the computer?＝What's the price of the computer?这台电脑多少钱？
How many students took part in the school sports meeting in your class? 你们班有多少学生参加了学校运动会？
【即学即练6】
is the schoolbag?
－60 yuan.
A.How often B.How old C.How much
解析
考查疑问词组辨析。句意为“这个书包多少钱？”“60元。”。How often 多久（频率）；How old多大（年龄）；How much多少（钱）。根据句意，故选C.
知识点08 yogurt n.酸奶

教材原句How much yogurt do we need?我们需要多少酸奶？（P58)
用法yogurt作不可数名词，若表示它的量，常借助表示计量单位的词。
I'd like two cups of yogurt. 我想要两杯酸奶。
常见的其他与食物有关的不可数名词还有：honey 蜂蜜 salt 食盐 sugar 糖 cheese 干酪；奶酪
popcorn 爆米花 corn 玉米 butter 黄油；奶油
知识点09 add的用法
教材原句Then,add the cabbage,tomatoes and onion and cook for another 10 minutes.然后，加入卷心菜、西红柿和洋葱，再煮上10分钟。（P58)
用法add做及物动词，意为“增加；添加”，其后可以直接跟宾语。
She tasted her soup,and then added more seasoning. 她尝了尝汤，然后又加了些调料。
The teacher added a name to the list.老师在名单里加了一个名字。
拓展
add还有如下含义：
v.加起来；合计
Add 4 and 3,and you will have 7.四加三等于七。
v.补充说＂I had a wonderful time,"he added.他补充说：“我玩儿得很开心。”
固定搭配
add...to...把······加到······中
add to增加，增添
add up把·······加在一起
add up to加起来共计、总共
Please add some salt to the soup.请以汤里加点儿盐。
Add up6,8and 18 and you'll get 32.
把6、8和18相加总数等于32.
The cost of two trips added up to1,000 dollars.两次旅行的费用总计达1000美元。
知识点10 another+基数词＋名词”的用法
教材原句Then,add the cabbage,tomatoes and onion and cook for another 10 minutes.然后，加入卷心菜、西红柿和洋葱，再煮上10分钟。（P58)
用法
“another+基数词＋复数名词”表示“再又·····”，相当于“基数词＋more复数名词”。
I need another two desks.＝I need two more desks.我还需要两张桌子。
They stayed in Beijing for another three days.＝They stayed in Beijing for three more days.他们在北京又待了三天。
拓展
another做形容词，表示同类事物（三者或三者以上）的“另一个”；做代词，表示不定数目中的“另一个”。
This shirt is too large for me.Please show me another.这件衬衫我穿太大。请拿另外一件给我看看。
I don't like this book. Give me another one,please.我不喜欢这本书。请给我另外一本。
【即学即练7】
If you give me ten minutes,I am sure I will do better.
A.some B.another C.more
解析
考查固定用法。句意：如果你再给我十分钟，我相信我会做得更好。“another+基数词十复数名词”相当于“基数词＋more+复数名词”。another ten minutes 相当于ten more minutes,故选B.
知识点11 finally的用法
教材原句Finally, don't forget to add some salt.最后，别忘了放些盐。（P58)
用法
finally意为“最后；最终”。
Finally， let's do some English exercises.最后，让我们来做一些英语练习吧。
辨析finally,at last,in the end
finally指一系列事物或论点的顺序，没有较强的感情色彩。
at last常常有浓厚的感情色彩。
in the end表示经过许多变化、困难、挫折或捉摸不定的情况之后，某事才发生，意为“最后；终于”。
They finally found the lost wallet.最后他们找到了丢失的钱夹。
He failed in the examination three times,but at last he passed.他三次考试都没通过，但是最后通过了。
She tried several times,and in the end she succeeded.她尝试了多次，最后终于成功了。
注意
用来描述制作过程或步骤时，要用 first,next,then,finally 来连接具体的步骤，first意为“首先”，next意为“接下来”，then意为“然后”，finally意为“最后”。
【即学即练8】
After months of looking he found a job.That made him quite happy.
A.hardly B.quickly C.finally D.sadly
解析
考查副词辨析。句意：经过几个月的寻找，他终于找到了工作。那让他非常高兴。hardly几乎不；quickly很快地；finally最后，最终；sadly悲伤地。由句意可知，故选C.
知识点12 don't forget to do sth. 的用法
教材原句Finally, don't forget to add some salt.最后，别忘了放些盐。（P58)
用法
don't forget to do sth.意为“不要忘记做某事”，和remember to do sth.同义。
Don't forget to call me back.不要忘记给我回电话。
forget 的常用搭配：
forget sth./sb.忘记某事／某人
forget to do sth.忘记做某事
forget doing sth.忘记做过某事
注意
表示“把某物忘在某地”不能用 forget,而用“leave sth＋地点状语”。
【即学即练9】
别忘了在完成写作后仔细检查。
to check carefully after writing the composition.
解析：
考查 forget.其意思为“忘记”。句子为祈使句的否定句，故借助 don't.答案Don’t forget
知识点13 salt 的用法
教材原句Finally, don't forget to add some salt.最后，别忘了放些盐。（P58)
用法salt是不可数名词，意为“盐；食盐”。
We need some salt and pepper.我们需要一些盐和胡椒粉。
拓展salty做形容词，意为“咸的；含盐的”。
This soup is too salty; add some hot water to the soup.这汤太咸了；在汤里加点儿热水。
一言辨异
Don't add too much salt,or the dish will be salty. 不要加太多的盐，否则菜会咸的。
温馨提示
五味：酸 sour,甜 sweet,苦bitter,辣spicy,咸salty.
知识点14 half的用法
教材原句Half a cup.半杯。（P59)
用法half 表示“半······;一半”。“half of+名词／代词”做主语，谓语动词由of后的名词或代词决定。
About half of the people were absent from today's meeting.大约一半的人缺席了今天的会议。
A half of the apple has gone bad.这个苹果的一半已经坏了。
拓展
（1)“基数词＋and +a half +名词复数”相当于“基数词十名词（单／复数）＋and +a half
，表示“几小时／天／月/年····半”。
one/a hour and a half=one and a half hours一个半小时
two years and a half＝two and a half years 两年半
（2)时间表达30分钟时，可用名词half(一半）表达。
half past five/thirty past five 5:30
【即学即练10】
－Wow,eighteen pink roses! For whom?
－ are for my mom,and the other nine are for my grandma.
A.Few B.Half C.Many D.Most
解析
考查词义辨析。句意为“哇，十八枝粉红色的玫瑰！给谁呀？”“一半给我的妈妈，另外的九枝给我的奶奶。”。few很少；half一半；many许多；most大多数。根据“the other nine are for my grandma”可知，妈妈、奶奶的玫瑰数量各九枝，各占一半，故选B.
知识点15 dig v.掘（地）；凿（洞）；挖（土)
教材原句First,dig a hole.
He dug a hole to plant the tree.他挖了一个坑来植树。
They are digging a tunnel.他们正在挖一条隧道。
【即学即练11】
Many people are busy d holes to plant trees
答案.digging
解析be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事

能力拓展


考法01 “疑问词＋动词不定式”结构
教材原句Do you know how to plant a tree?
用法“疑问词＋动词不定式”常位于动词之后作宾语，还可以在句中作主语或表语。
1.作宾语
We don't know how to start the machine.我们不知道怎样发动机器。
2.作主语
What to do hasn't been decided yet?做什么还没有被定下来？
3.作表语
The problem is who to go with.问题是和谁一起去。
拓展：“疑问词＋动词不定式”作宾语时，可转换为相应的宾语从句。
I don't know how to go there.= I don't know how I can go there.我不知道怎样到达那儿。
【典例1】
－My family will go on a trip to Beijing this summer, but we haven't decided .
－Why not take the high-speed railway?
A. when to leave B.how to get there C.which hotel to choose D.how long to stay there
解析：
考查“疑问词＋不定式”的用法。答语建议的是出行方式，排除A、C;D项how long表示“多久”，与答语意义不符。答案B

分层提分


题组A 基础过关练
一、单项选择
1．— How much salt do we need to add ________ the soup?
— One spoon. After that, we should cook it ________ five more minutes.
A．to; on B．to; for C．up; for D．up; on
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——我们需要在汤里加多少盐？——一勺。 在那之后，我们应该再煮五分钟。
考查介词辨析。to到；on在……上面；for为了；up向上。add...to“往……中添加”，固定用法；空格二后是时间段，用介词for。故选B。
2．—Listen! The pop music is wonderful!
—Hush! Grandma is sleeping. You’d better ________ the radio.
A．turn up B．turn down C．turn on D．turn off
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——听！流行音乐太棒了！——安静！奶奶正在睡觉。你最好把收音机的音量调低。
考查动词短语。turn up调高；turn down调低；turn on打开；turn off关闭。根据“Hush! Grandma is sleeping. ”可知，奶奶在睡觉，所以收音机音量需要调低。故选B。
3．Don’t make any noise. We _________ into the math problem.
A．dug B．are digging C．dig D．were digging
【答案】B
【详解】句意：不要发出任何声音。 我们正在研究数学问题。
考查动词时态。根据“Don’t make any noise.”可知，说话时“研究正在进行”，用现在进行时(am/is/are doing)。故选B。
4．Look! How big the watermelon is! Let’s ________ first.
A．cut up them B．cut them up C．cut it up D．cut up it
【答案】C
【详解】句意：看！这西瓜多大啊！我们先把它切开。
考查代词辨析。cut up“切碎”，是动副词组，当宾语是代词时，只能放中间，可排除AD选项；此处需用it代替单数名词“watermelon”。故选C。
5．—Could you help me ________ beef for dinner, Jean?
—OK, Mom. I’ll do it right away.
A．take off B．cut off C．cut down D．cut up
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——Jean，你能帮我把晚餐的牛肉切了吗？——好的，妈妈。我马上就切。
考查动词短语。take off起飞；cut off分割开某物；cut down砍倒；cut up切碎。根据“...beef for dinner...”可知，晚餐吃的牛肉应该要切成小块。故选D。
二、单词填空
1．Don’t eat too much ice-cream. It is high in fat (脂肪）and s________.
【答案】(s)ugar
【详解】句意：不要吃太多冰淇淋。它的脂肪和糖分很高。根据“Don’t eat too much ice-cream.”及首字母提示可知，此处考查sugar“（植物、水果等所含的）糖”，不可数名词。故填(s)ugar。
2．I don’t like my brother’s dishes because he often puts too much s________.
【答案】(s)alt
【详解】句意：我不喜欢我哥哥做的菜，因为他经常放太多的盐。根据“I don’t like my brother’s dishes because he often puts too much s...”可知，放了很多盐，salt“盐”，不可数名词，故填(s)alt。
3．The man wanted to d________ a hole on the ground to plant the tree.
【答案】(d)ig
【详解】句意：那个人想在地上挖一个洞来种这棵树。根据空后“a hole”可知，此处指“挖洞”，“dig a hole”表达“挖洞”，又因“wanted to”后加动词原形，故填(d)ig。
4．If you have a sore throat(嗓子疼), you can drink hot tea with h________.
【答案】(h)oney
【详解】句意：如果你嗓子痛，你应该喝点加蜂蜜的热茶。根据“have a sore throat”可知，嗓子痛喝些加蜂蜜的热茶是管用的。honey表示“蜂蜜”，是不可数名词。故填(h)oney。
5．I need six s_________ of honey to make the cake.
【答案】spoons
【详解】句意：我需要六勺蜂蜜做蛋糕。由空格前“six”可知空格处填名词复数；根据首字母提示和“I need six...of honey to make the cake.”可知“蜂蜜”的量词应该是“勺”，表示“一勺的量”要用spoon，复数是spoons，故填spoons。
6．He didn’t s_________ hands with me when we met at that time.
【答案】(s)hake
【详解】句意：我们那时遇见的时候，他没有和我握手。shake hands with sb表示“和某人握手”，助动词didn’t后接动词原形。故填(s)hake。
7．Don’t p________ waste things into the river and it will make it dirty.
【答案】(p)our
【详解】句意：不要把废物倒进河里，这会使河水变脏。根据“waste things into the river ”结合首字母可知，此处指的是把废物倒入河里，pour“倾倒”，空前有助动词，动词用原形，故填(p)our。
8．Cut _________ the potatoes before you put them into the pot.
【答案】up
【详解】句意：把土豆切碎再放进锅里。根据“...before you put them into the pot.”可知，要把土豆放进锅里前需先要切碎土豆，“cut up”表示“切碎”。故填up。
9．The juice is too sour（酸）.Please _________ some sugar to it.
【答案】add
【详解】句意：果汁太酸了。请加些糖。根据“The juice is too sour”可知，果汁太酸需要加糖。又因为是祈使句，所以please后用动词原形。故填add。
10．I’d like to watch TV. Will you please turn _________ the TV?
【答案】on
【详解】句意：我想看电视。请你把电视打开好吗？根据“I’d like to watch TV.”可知，想看电视，所以要打开电视，turn on“打开”，故填on。
三、汉译英
1．请把一些牛奶倒进搅拌器里。
____________
【答案】Please pour some milk into the blender.
【详解】please“请”；固定短语pour...into“把……倒进……”，作谓语；some“一些”；milk“牛奶”；blender“搅拌器”。根据句意可知这是一个祈使句，动词用原形，故填Please pour some milk into the blender.
2．然后放入两勺蜂蜜和一些酸奶。
____________
【答案】Then put in two spoons of honey and some yogurt.
【详解】then“然后”；put in“放入”；two spoons of“两勺的……”；honey“蜂蜜”；some“一些”；yogurt“酸奶”。结合句意可知这是一个祈使句，动词用原形。 故填Then put in two spoons of honey and some yogurt.
3．打开电视机。我想看《新闻联播》。
____________
【答案】Please turn on the TV. I want to watch CCTV news.
【详解】结合句意可知第一句是祈使句，turn on“打开”；TV“电视机”。第二句，I“我”；want to do sth.“想要做某事”；watch“观看”；CCTV news“《新闻联播》”。故填Please turn on the TV. I want to watch CCTV news.
4．请往菜里加些盐。
____________
【答案】Please add some salt into the vegetables.
【详解】请please，往……里加……add...into...，菜the vegetables，一些盐some salt。故填Please add some salt into the vegetables.
5．我们需要三勺蜂蜜。
____________________________________________
【答案】We need three spoons of honey.
【详解】需要：need；三勺蜂蜜：three spoons of honey，注意honey为不可数名词。故填We need three spoons of honey.
题组B 能力提升练
一、完形填空
Do you know how to make spaghetti with creamy mushroom sauce and cook rice with a machine? Now let's learn how to make __1__.
※How to make spaghetti with creamy mushroom sauce?
Boil a pot of water and cook the spaghetti in it __2__ 20 minutes and __3__ the onion. Heat __4__ oil(油)in a pan and cook the onion and garlic for three minutes.__5__ the mushrooms and cook for one minute.
Add the wine,cream and vegetable soup. Cook them for 10 minutes.__6__ an egg,and add a little water and pour it __7__ into the pan,__8__ for half a minute.
Add the beans and tomatoes and stir for two minutes on a low heat,put the spaghetti on the plates and __9__ the sauce over the top.
※How to cook rice with a machine?
First，___10___ the lid and put water,salt,and rice in the pot. Then put the cover on the pot and close the lid.___11___,press the button for “white” or “brown”,and then press the “start” button. Cook the rice for about 30 minutes. You will ___12___ a beeping sound when it's finished,but you should wait about five minutes before ___13___.Finally，___14___ the pot. Bring it to the table and enjoy your ___15___.
1．A．it B．them C．some D．all
2．A．during B．in C．for D．on
3．A．cut down B．cut off C．cut up D．cut to
4．A．a few B．a little C．few D．little
5．A．Add B．Put C．Cut D．Take
6．A．Peel B．Pour C．Shake D．Beat(敲打)
7．A．slow B．slowly C．slower D．more slowly
8．A．mix to B．mix of C．mix up D．mixed up
9．A．put B．pour C．peel D．pot
10．A．close B．put C．open D．give
11．A．First B．At first C．Next D．At the end
12．A．listen B．see C．hear D．watch
13．A．to eat B．eats C．ate D．eating
14．A．find out B．take out C．turn on D．look at
15．A．supper B．noodles C．meal D．salad
【答案】
1-5． BCCBA
6-10． DBCBC
11-15．CCDBC
【分析】这篇短文主要介绍了如何用奶油蘑菇酱做意大利面和怎么用机器煮米饭。
1．1. 句意：现在让我们学会怎么制作他们。
考查代词。A. it它；B. them他们；C. some一些；D. all都。根据上文提及两种食物spaghetti及rice可知此处用them代替，故选B。
2．句意：煮开一锅水，在里面煮意大利面20分钟。
考查介词。A. during在……期间；B. in在……里；C. for为了；D. on在……上。for+一段时间，表示达……时间，结合句意，故选C。
3．句意：切碎洋葱。
考查动词词组。A. cut down减少；B. cut off切掉；C. cut up切碎；D. cut to减少到。根据后文cook the onion and garlic for three minutes.可知此处指切碎洋葱，故选C。
4．句意：在平底锅里加热一些油。
考查形容词。A. a few几个，修饰可数名词复数；B. a little一点儿，修饰不可数名词；C. few很少，否定含义；D. little很少，否定含义。oil不可数名词，此处指要炒洋葱，所以是加一些油，肯定含义，故选B。
5．句意：添加蘑菇，烹饪一分钟。
考查动词。 A. Add添加；B. Put放；C. Cut砍；D. Take带走。根据上文已经在锅里有洋葱和蒜，可知此处指添加蘑菇，故选A。
6．句意：打上一个鸡蛋，加一点儿水。
考查动词。A. Peel剥；B. Pour倾倒；C. Shake晃动；D. Beat(敲打)根据后文pour it 　　7　　 into the pan，可知此处指敲碎一个鸡蛋，加水，故选D。
7．句意：慢慢地把它倒入平底锅。
考查副词。A. slow慢的；B. slowly慢慢地；C. slower较慢的；D. more slowly更慢地。副词修饰动名词，此处没有进行比较，所以用副词原级，故选B。
8．句意：搅拌半分钟。
考查动词短语。mix up混合； mixed up动词过去式。根据此处在说明怎么做饭，所以用祈使句，动词原形开头，故选C。
9．句意：把意大利面放在盘子上，把酱汁倒在上面。
考查动词。A. put放；B. pour倒；C. peel剥；D. pot把……放入盆中。根据宾语是sauce及位置over the top可知此处指把酱汁倒在上面，故选B。
10．句意：打开盖子，把水、盐和米饭放进锅里。
考查动词。A. close关；B. put放；C. open打开；D. give给予。根据后文放入水、盐、米在锅里，可知此处指打开盖子，故选C。
11．句意：下一步，按“白色”或“棕色”按钮。
考查副词。A. First第一；B. At first起初；C. Next下一步；D. At the end最后。根据上文First，　　10　　 the lid and put water可知此处指接下来的步骤，故选C。
12．句意：完成后你会听到嘟嘟的声音。
考查动词。A. listen听；B. see看到；C. hear听到；D. watch观看。此处指听到的结果，hear听到强调结果，故选C。
13．句意：但是你应该在吃前等大约五分钟。
考查动名词。A. to eat动词不定式；B. eats第三人称单数形式；C. ate动词过去式；D. eating动名词。before在……之前，其后加名词代词或者动名词，故选D。
14．句意：最后，取出锅。
考查动词。A. find out查出；B. take out取出；C. turn on打开；D. look at看……。根据Bring it to the table可知此处指把锅取出来，故选B。
15．句意：把它拿到桌上，好好享用你的饭吧。
考查名词。A. supper晚饭；B. noodles面条；C. meal饭；D. salad沙拉。根据这段主要介绍怎么制作米饭，不确定是那顿饭，结合选项，故选C。
二、阅读理解
“Today is Mom's birthday,Mosh,” Nick said. “Let's make her favorite banana bread and surprise her.”
Nick took out a cookbook,“I'll read the recipe,and you follow it. Get out a bowl and a spoon while I turn on the oven.” Nick read from the cookbook,“First,mash(捣碎)the bananas in the bowl.”
The robot put the bananas into the bowl and was going to mash them with its hands. “Stop!” Nick said. “Let's try this again. Peel the bananas,put them in the bowl,and mash them with the spoon.” Nick watched when Mosh peeled the bananas and put the peel into the bowl. Again,Nick told Mosh to stop. Then he showed the robot which part of each banana should go into the bowl.
Then Nick read,“Add the eggs.” “No,wait,” he said right away. Nick cracked(打碎)the eggs into the bananas.
“Last,add flour,milk and sugar.” Nick said. “Mix everything together. Then pour the batter(面糊)into the bread pan.” Mosh followed Nick's orders while Nick read the cookbook.
“I'll put this in the oven.”Nick picked up the pan.
Just then Kelly came into the room. “What happened here?” she felt surprised.
Nick answered,“Mosh and I are making banana bread for Mom's birthday. It is a lot of work,but I think she will be surprised.”
“If you want it to be a good surprise for Mom,”Kelly laughed,“you need to give Mosh one more order. Clean up!”
1．Why did Nick decide to make banana bread?
A．Because his robot liked it a lot.
B．Because it was his favorite food.
C．Because it was his mother's birthday.
D．Because no one else cooked dinner for him.
2．How was Mosh going to mash the bananas?
A．With the spoon.
B．With its hands.
C．With its legs.
D．With the pan.
3．How did Kelly feel when she came into the room?
A．Surprised. B．Excited.
C．Sorry. D．Bored.
4．According to the passage,we know________.
A．Mosh knew which part of each banana should go into the bowl
B．Nick thought making the banana bread was a lot of work
C．the banana bread was Kelly's favorite
D．there wasn't any milk in the bread
【答案】
1-4．CBAB
【分析】这篇短文主要介绍了尼克发出指令让机器人帮助他为妈妈制作香蕉面包当做生日礼物的过程。
1．细节理解题。根据“Today is Mom's birthday,Mosh,” Nick said. “Let's make her favorite banana bread and surprise her.”可知今天是尼克妈妈的生日，他决定为妈妈做香蕉面包，故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据The robot put the bananas into the bowl and was going to mash them with its hands.可知机器人Mosh打算用手捣碎香蕉，故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据Just then Kelly came into the room. “What happened here?” she felt surprised.可知Kelly进入房间时感到吃惊，故选A。
4．细节理解题。根据Nick answered,“Mosh and I are making banana bread for Mom's birthday. It is a lot of work,but I think she will be surprised.”可知尼克认为制作香蕉面包需要大量的工作，故选B。
三、补全对话6选5
A: Your uncle’s family will come to dinner today. I’m preparing food.
B: Really? ___1____
A: Of course. You can play games together.
B: That will be great. __2___
A: Yes. You can help me buy some food.
B: ____3____
A: Buy some vegetables and fruit.
B: Great! I’ll make fruit salad. What fruits do we need?
A: We need bananas and a small watermelon.
B: ____4____
A: We need two bananas.
B: ___5____
A: Yes, two spoons of honey and a cup of yogurt.
B: OK. I’ll have a try to make fruit salad.
A: I think you will do a good job.
B: Thanks.
A．What can I buy?
B．Do we need honey and yogurt?
C．Can I help you?
D．How do you make fruit salad, Mum?
E．Will my cousins come?
F．How many bananas do we need?
【答案】
1-5．ECAFB
【分析】这是一段家长和孩子的对话。孩子的叔叔一家要来吃晚饭，他们就食材的准备进行了对话。
1．根据上文“Your uncle’s family will come to dinner today. I’m preparing food.”和下文“Of course. You can play games together.”可知，此处问的是“我表兄弟（姐妹）要来吗？”，故选E。
2．根据下文“Yes. You can help me buy some food.”可知，此处说的应该是“我可以帮你吗？”，故选C。
3．根据上文“You can help me buy some food.”以及下文“Buy some vegetables and fruit.”可知，此处说的是“我可以买什么？”，故选A。
4．根据下文“We need two bananas.”可知，此处说的是“我们需要多少香蕉？”，故选F。
5．根据下文“Yes, two spoons of honey and a cup of yogurt.”可知，此处说的是“我们需要蜂蜜和酸奶吗？”，故选B。
题组C 培优拔尖练
一、单项选择
1．（2017·贵州铜仁·中考真题）—Would you mind ________ the electric fan, Alice?   —Of course not. It is so hot here.
A．turn off B．turn on C．turning off D．turning on
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——艾丽丝，你介意打开电扇吗？——当然不。这里太热了。
考查动词短语。turn off关掉；turn on打开；mind doing sth“介意做某事”，后接doing形式，排除A/B选项；结合回答“It is so hot here.”可知，此处说的是打开风扇，故选D。
2．（2017·山东济南·中考真题）—Laura, _________ out the rubbish when you leave. And I’ll do the dishes.
—OK, Dad.
A．take B．takes C．took D．to take
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——劳拉，你走的时候把垃圾拿出去。我来洗碗。——好的，爸爸。
考查祈使句。take动词原形；takes第三人称单数；took过去式；to take动词不定式。根据题干可知，本句为祈使句，因此应用动词原形开头，take out“拿走”，固定短语，故选A。
3．（青海西宁·中考真题）Please _____ the water when you brush your teeth.
A．take down B．turn up C．take away D．turn off
【答案】D
【详解】句意：当你刷牙的时候, 请关闭水源。
考查动词短语辨析。take down取下; turn up调高; take away带走; turn off关掉。根据常识可知，故选D。
4．（2020·贵州黔西·中考真题）How much ________ do we need to make a banana milk shake?
A．bananas B．apples C．coffee D．milk
【答案】D
【详解】句意：做香蕉奶昔需要多少牛奶？
考查名词。bananas香蕉；apples苹果；coffee咖啡；milk牛奶。根据句中make a banana milk shake提示，做香蕉奶昔要用到香蕉和牛奶，故B、C选项可排除。How much意为“多少”，后接不可数名词，故选D。
5．（2018·新疆乌鲁木齐·中考真题）—I’d like to buy a new oven.
—The ones over there sell well. You can one by one to have a try.
A．turn on it B．turn it on C．turn on them D．turn them on
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——我想要买一个新炉子。——那边的那些卖得很好。你可以一个个地打开试试。turn on意为“打开”，是“动词+副词”结构的短语，宾语为代词时必须放在turn和on两者之间；第一个句子提到的the ones over there（那边的那些）为复数，因此下文中用them来代替。故选D。
6．（四川达州·中考真题）—Could you help me the beef for dinner, Jean?
—OK,Mom. I'll do it right away.
A．take off B．knock off C．cut down D．cut up
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——珍，你能帮助我把晚饭用的牛肉切碎吗？——好的，妈妈。我马上去做。
take off脱掉；knock off击倒；cut down砍下；cut up切碎。根据宾语the beef for dinner可知此处表示切碎牛肉，故用cut up，故选D。
7．（湖北黄冈·中考真题）After nine years’ hard-work, finally his dream came true.
A．at the end B．at the moment C．at once D．at last
【答案】D
【详解】句意：经过九年的努力，他的梦想终于实现了。
考查介词短语辨析。at the end（强调空间上）最后，在终点；at the moment此刻，当时；at once 立刻，马上；at last（强调时间上）最后，终于。根据“After nine years’ hard-work”可推断，此处表达“最后，终于”，强调时间。故选D。
8．（福建泉州·中考真题）—The water in the glass is sweet. Did you put any in it?
—Yes, I added some to it just now.
A．sugar B．salt C．oil
【答案】A
【详解】试题分析：句意：－杯子里的水是甜的。你在里面放了糖吗？－是的，我刚才加了一些。 A. sugar糖；B. salt盐；C. oil油。由前句“是甜的”，可以推测出放的是糖。故选A。
考点：考查名词词义辨析。
9．（山东东营·中考真题）We can’t make a sandwich without ________ .
A．bread B．onions C．yogurt D．tomatoes
【答案】A
【详解】句意：没有面包我们不能制作三明治。
考查名词词义辨析。bread面包；onions洋葱；yogurt 酸奶；tomatoes西红柿。制作三明治必须要面包，其他东西都是可以不需要的。故选A。
10．（2021·湖北·孝感市孝南区教学研究室二模）—Do you think the last problem in yesterday’s math exam is difficult?
—Yes. But I ________ worked it out and I was very happy.
A．hardly B．usually C．finally D．especially
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你认为昨天数学考试的最后一道题难吗？——是的。但我最终算出来了，我很高兴。
考查副词辨析。hardly几乎不；usually通常；finally最终；especially尤其。根据“Do you think the last problem in yesterday’s math exam is difficult?”及“I was very happy”可知虽然问题很难但最终算出来了。故选C。
11．（2021·黑龙江·齐齐哈尔市碾子山区教师进修学校一模）________ your books and look at the blackboard.
A．Closes B．Close C．Closing
【答案】B
【详解】句意：合上你的书，看黑板。
考查祈使句。根据“look at the blackboard”可知，此句是祈使句，因此用动词原形，结合选项，Close符合句意。故选B。
12．（2022·重庆·模拟预测）_______ exercising, ________ you’ll be healthier.
A．Keeping; or B．To keep; and
C．Keep; and D．Kept; or
【答案】C
【详解】句意：坚持锻炼，你会更健康。
考查祈使句和连词辨析。keep保持；and然后；or否则。分析句子结构可知，此处为：祈使句+and/or+陈述句，祈使句为动词原形开头，且此处表示递进用连词and。故选C。
13．（上海静安·三模）---Oh, it tastes quite good. May I have _________ cup of coffee?
---OK. Here you are.
A．other B．another C．the other D．others
【答案】B
【详解】试题解析：句意：--噢，它尝起来十分好。我可以再来一杯咖啡吗？--好的。给你。分析：other其他的；another另一个；the other 另一个；others等于other +名词。联系句意：因为咖啡好喝，因此想再来一杯。另一个为another.故选 B
14．（云南玉溪·一模）Fruit is good for our health, so I like ______ for dessert.
A．potatoes B．hamburgers
C．bananas D．candy
【答案】C
【详解】试题分析：句意为：水果对我们的健康有好处，因此我喜欢香蕉作甜品。potatoes：马铃薯， hamburgers：汉堡包， bananas ：香蕉， candy：糖果。根据语境，属于水果的是香蕉。故选C。
考点：考查名词。
15．（广西来宾·一模） ---Can I help you, sir?       ---Yes, I’d like five _______.
A．meat B．potato
C．potatoes D．banana
【答案】C
【详解】试题分析：句意：先生，我能为你服务吗？好的，我想要五个土豆。meat,肉，不可数名词。potato，土豆，可数名词，复数形式是potatoes.banana，香蕉，可数名词。其复数形式是bananas。根据句意，可知用复数形式，故选C。
考点：考查名词的复数的用法。
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
1．（2020·山东临沂·八年级竞赛）Here are some bananas. Please cut ________ (they) up.
【答案】them
【详解】句意：这里有一些香蕉。请把它们切碎。括号中的“they”是人称代词主格，“cut”是动词，后接人称代词宾格，they的宾格是“them ”，“cut them up” 表示“把它们切碎”。故填them。
2．（2022·广西·靖西市教学研究室一模）Let’s ___________ (play) football after school.
【答案】play
【详解】句意：让我们放学后踢足球吧。let是使役动词，其后接省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。Let sb. do sth.让某人做某事。故填play。
3．（2022·全国·八年级课时练习）How many ________ (spoon) of salt do you need ?
【答案】spoons
【详解】句意：你需要多少勺盐？spoon“勺子”，是可数名词，被how many修饰，名词用复数，故填spoons。
4．（2022·全国·八年级课时练习）I like eating cakes with ________ (cheese).
【答案】cheese
【详解】句意：我喜欢吃奶酪蛋糕。由空格前介词“with”可知空格处填名词，cheese“奶酪，干酪，不可数名词”，故填cheese。
5．（2022·全国·八年级课时练习）The boys _________ (dig) twenty holes for the trees last Sunday.
【答案】dug
【详解】句意：上星期天男孩们为树挖了二十个洞。根据“last Sunday.”可知句子是一般过去时，故填dug。