英语八年级上册Section B精品巩固练习
展开Unit 8 Section B
目标导航
单词
sandwich n.夹心面包片;三明治 pumpkin n.南瓜
butter n.黄油;奶油 pie n.果馅饼;果馅派
piece n.片;块;段 mix n.混合配料v.(使)混合;融合
traditional adj.传统的;惯例的 pepper n.胡椒粉;柿子椒
autumn n.秋天;秋季 fill v.(使)充满;装满
celebrate v.庆祝;庆贺 plate n.盘子;碟子
prepare v.使做好准备;把······准备好 cover v.遮盖;覆盖 n.覆盖物;盖子
gravy n.(调味)肉汁 serve v.接待;服务;提供
mashed adj.捣碎的;捣烂的 temperature n.温度;气温;体温
短语
a piece of 一片/块/段······ a big family meal 一顿丰盛的家宴
traditional food 传统食物 at a very high temperature 以高温;在高温下
cover...with...用······盖上· take...out of...=take out...from...从···中拿出····
main dish 主菜 give thanks for 对······表示感谢
at this time 此时 one by one一个接一个;逐个;依次
fill...with...用······装满······ mix...and...把······和······混合
cut...into...把·····切成······ a few 一些;几个
thin pieces 薄片 on special holidays=on special festivals在特殊的节日里
用法归纳
1.serve sth.to sb.=serve sb.(with)sth.用某物招待某人
2.one way to do sth.=one way of doing sth.做某事的一种方式或方法
3.make+宾语十形容词使······怎样
4.It's time(for sb.)+to do sth.到(某人)做某事的时间了。
5.What are the reasons for(doing)sth.?(做)某事的理由是什么?
句子
1....is a time to give thanks for food in the autumn and other good things people enjoy in life.······是感恩秋季食物丰收和人们在生活中享受到美好事物的时刻。
2.Now,it's time to enjoy the rice noodles!现在是享用米线的时候了!
知识精讲
知识点01 piece的用法
教材原句
First, put some butter on a piece of bread.首先,在一片面包上涂上些许黄油。(P60)
用法piece做名词,意为“片、块(面包);首(诗、音乐);张(纸)······”。piece是可数名词,主要用于表示名词的数量,即“数词+piece(s)+名词”。a piece of意为“一片······”时,相当于a slice of.
Please give me a piece of bread. 请给我一块面包。
突破a piece of...短语做主语,谓语用单数;pieces of...短语做主语,谓语用复数。
This piece of paper is too dirty to write on.那张纸太脏了,不能在上面写字。
There are two pieces of the cake on the plate.盘子里有两块蛋糕。
中考重要考点
It is a piece of cake./ A piece of cake.本意为“它是一块蛋糕。”,引申意为“小菜一碟;举手之劳”。
This problem is too easy. It was really a piece of cake.这个问题太容易,真是小菜一碟。
知识点02 traditional的用法(高频考点)
教材原句In most countries,people usually eat traditional food on special holidays.在大多数国家,人们通常在特殊的节日里吃传统食物。(P61)
用法traditional做形容词,意为“传统的;惯例的”,做表语或定语。
There are many traditional festivals in China.中国有许多传统的节日。
构词法记单词
traditional 是由“名词tradition+-al"构成。
类似构成的单词还有form+-al →formal
nation+-al →national(国家的)
nature+ -al →natural(自然的)
traditional 的词形变化:tradition n.传统traditionally adv.传统地
【即学即练1】
-In China,we use red paper for hongbao because red means good luck.
-That's interesting! I want to know all the Chinese .
A.traditions B.sentences C.notices D.problems
解析
考查名词辨析traditions传统;sentences句子;notice通知,布告;problems问题,难题。
合常识可知,用红纸包红包是中国传统,故选A.
知识点03 see...as...的用法
教材原句Families see Thanksgiving as a time to get together and usually celebrate it with a big family meal.全家人把感恩节看作是一个适合聚会的时间,通常以一顿丰盛的家庭聚餐来庆祝。(P61)
用法see...as...是固定搭配,意为“把······看作······;把······视为······”,和regard...as...同义。
We often see/regard roses as the symbol of love.我们经常把玫瑰花看作是爱情的象征。
拓展
be seen/regarded as...是以上两个结构的被动语态,意为“被看作······;被视为······”。
Roses are seen/regarded as the symbol of love.玫瑰花被看作是爱情的象征。
知识点04 celebrate的用法
教材原句Families see Thanksgiving as a time to get together and usually celebrate it with a big family meal.全家人把感恩节看作是一个适合聚会的时间,通常以一顿丰盛的家庭聚餐来庆祝。(P61)
用法celebrate做动词,意为“庆祝;庆贺”。
They are celebrating Tom's birthday.他们在庆祝汤姆的生日。
拓展celebration做名词,意为“庆祝;庆祝活动”。
If we win the match,we will have a celebration.如果我们赢了比赛,我们会举办一场庆祝活动。
一言辨异
We held a celebration to celebrate her birthday. 我们举行庆祝活动来庆祝她的生日。
【即学即练2】
用所给词的适当形式填空
Chinese New Year is a (celebrate)marking the end of winter and the beginning of spring.
答案celebration
知识点05 prepare的用法
教材原句 To go with the turkey,people often prepare other things, such as gravy,cornbread, mashed potatoes,
And pumpkin or apple pie.为了和火鸡相搭配,人们还经常准备其他东西,比如肉汁、玉米面包、土豆泥、南瓜或苹果派。(P61)
用法
prepare做动词,意为“准备;预备;提防(某种情况)”,其后可接双宾语。prepare for...为······做准备。其形容词形式是prepared,意为“准备好的”;其名词形式是preparation,意为“准备”。Get prepared for sth.(为·····做好准备)相当于 get ready for sth..
We are preparing for the English test.我们正在为英语考试做准备。
They have got prepared for the worst.他们已经做好了最坏的打算。
固定搭配
prepare sth.准备某物/事
prepare sth.for sb.=prepare sb. sth.为某人准备某物
prepare to do sth.准备做某事
prepare for...为·····做准备
be prepared against sth.对·····做好准备(指不好的事情)
prepare sb.for sth.使某人对某事有所准备
She prepared us a nice breakfast.=She prepared a nice breakfast for us.她给我们准备了可口的早餐。
They were preparing to cross the river when it began to rain.他们正准备过河,突然下雨了。
The students are busy preparing for the final exam.学生们正忙于准备期末考试。
We must be prepared against the war.我们必须备战。
The doctors and nurses are preparing the patient for the operation.医生和护士们正在让病人对手术有所准备。
一言辨异
Have you prepared for our school trip? I'm still making preparations.你为我们的学校郊游做好准备了吗?我
还在做准备。
【即学即练3】
-What is Tom doing?
-He is the English speech in the hall.
A.paying for B.preparing for C.caring for D.looking for
解析
考查动词词组辨析。句意为“汤姆正在做什么?”“他正在大厅里准备英语演讲。”。付款;prepare for为······
做准备;care for关心,照顾;look for寻找。由空后“英语演讲”可知空处表达“准备”,故选B.
知识点06 one/a way to do sth.做某事的一种方法;做某事的一种方式
教材原句
Here is one way to make turkey for a thanksgiving dinner.
Listening is one way to learn English.听是学习英语的一种方法。
I think the best way to learn/of learning a language is practicing it often.我认为学习一门语言的最好方法是经常练习。
“做某事的(最)好方式”的表达:
①the good way to do sth.
②the best way to do sth.
③the best way of doing sth
【即学即练4】
你认为骑自行车是很好的运动方式吗?
解析:
根据句意可知是含宾语从句的一般疑问句,且时态是一般现在时。认为think;你you,前加do构成一般疑问句;骑自行车cycling,动名词作从句主语,其后用be动词is表示“是”;很好的运动方式a good way to exercise.
知识点07 mix n.混合配料v.(使)混合;融合
教材原句First,mix together some bread pieces, onions,salt and pepper.
If you mix red and yellow, what color will you get?如果你把红色和黄色混在一起,你会得到什么颜色?
It's difficult to mix oil with water.把水和油混合在一起很难。
I always mix him up with his brother. They look so alike.我总是把他和他的弟弟弄混,他们长得太像了。
mix 作动词,常用短语:
①mix...and...(together)·····和·····混合在一起
②mix...with...把·····和·····混合
③mix up弄混;混淆
拓展:mix不可数名词,意为“混合配料”。
I need a bag of cake mix to make a cake.我需要一袋蛋糕粉来做一个蛋糕。
【即学即练5】
对不起,我把我的书和你的书混在一起了
I’m sorry I my books yours.
答案 mixed and
知识点08 fill 的用法(高频考点)
教材原句Next,fill the turkey with this bread mix.接着,把这个面包混合物填充到火鸡里。(P61)
用法fill做动词,意为“(使)充满;装满”。fill...with...表示“用······装满······”,被动语态为be filled with.
She filled the jug with water.她用水装满了罐子。
The bottle was filled with water.瓶子里装满了水。
固定搭配
fill in填写(表格等);fill out 填写,填充;fill up(使)充满,填充。
中考重要考点 fill的形容词为full,意为“满的;饱的”。be full of(充满·····的)相当于be filled with.
一言辨异
The girl's heart was filled with the sad feelings and her eyes were full of tears. 这个女孩心里充满了悲伤的情绪,眼里充满了泪水。
【即学即练6】
根据汉语意思完成句子
生命中到处充满奇迹。
Life is magic everywhere.
答案full of/filled with
知识点09 cover的用法
教材原句When it is ready,place the turkey on a large plate and cover it with gravy. 烤好后,把火鸡放到一个大盘子上,浇上肉汁。(P61)
用法cover做动词,意为“覆盖;遮盖”。
The hills were covered with snow.山上覆盖着雪。
拓展cover还可以做名词,意为“遮盖物;盖子”,还有“封面”之意。
Do you know how to take the cover off the bottle?你知道怎样卸下这个瓶盖吗?
His book has the same cover as yours.他这本书的封皮和你那本书的封皮一样。
固定搭配
cover...with...用······覆盖·····;
be covered with/by...被······所覆盖。
Three fourths of the surface of the earth is covered with water.地球表面的四分之三被水覆盖着。
【即学即练7】
Most of the earth's surface by water.
A.is covered B.covers C.is grown D.grows
解析
考查动词的语态。句意:地球表面的大部分被水覆盖。Be covered by...被······所覆盖,故选A.
知识点10 place v.放置相当于put.
教材原句When it is ready, place the turkey on a large plate and cover it with gravy.
He was so happy and placed the fish in the ice box.他高兴极了,把鱼放进了冰箱里。
拓展:place还可以作名词,意为“地点,位置”。
A cinema is a place where people go to see the films.电影院是人们去看电影的地方。
与place有关的短语:
①a place of interest 名胜
②take place 发生
③take one's place 代替某人
【即学即练8】
春节期间,许多名胜对游客免费开放。(interest)
Many are open to visitors for free during the Spring Festival.
解析:
places of interest意为“名胜古迹”,句中Many推断主语用复数。答案places of interests.
知识点11 serve v.提供;接待;服务
教材原句...serve it to your friends with some vegetables.
The waiter served the woman first.那个服务生先为那名女士服务。
She served us(with) a delicious lunch.=She served. delicious lunch to us.她招待我们吃了一顿可口的午餐。
He served as a captain in the army.他曾在军队里担任上尉。
拓展:serve对应的名词为service,意为“服务;接待”。
The hotel provides delicious food and comfortable rooms,but still some customers complain about its service. 这家流馆提供美味的事物和舒适的房间,但仍然有一些顾客视怨它的服务。
serve 的常用结构:
①serve sb.为某人服务
②serve sb.(with)sth.= serve sth. To sb.为某人提供某物
③serve as 用作;担任
【即学即练9】
I'd like to express my thanks to everyone who (服务)the community.
解析:
由句意可知从句强调过去,故serve用过去式形式。
知识点12 temperature的用法
教材原句...cook it at a very high temperature for a long time.
用法
温度、气温、体温
temperature做名词,意为“温度;气温;体温”。
at a high/low temperature在高/低温下
take one's temperature量体温
have/run a temperature=have a fever发烧
Tom is ill. The doctor is taking his temperature now.汤姆生病了。这位医生正在给他量体温。
I'm running a temperature and I have a headache.我在发烧而且头痛。
注意
对温度进行提问用what,不用how many
What's your temperature?你的体温是多少?
【即学即练10】
根据句意及首字母提示补全单词
Because of COVID-19,I am asked to take my t before entering school to see if I have a fever.
答案temperature
temperature的常见搭配:
①have a temperature/fever发烧
②the temperature of...·····的温度
③ at a high/low temperature在高温/低温下
④take one's temperature给某人量体温
知识点13 It's time to do sth. 的用法
教材原句 Now, it's time to enjoy the rice noodles!现在,到了享用米线的时候了!(P63)
用法
It's time to do sth.和It's time for sth.都表示“该到······时候了。”,to是不定式,后接动词原形,for是介词,其后要接名词/动名词。
It's time to have supper.= It's time for supper.到吃晚饭的时候了。
辨析
It's time...句型
It's time for(doing)sth.到······的时间了。
It's time to do sth.到做某事的时间了。
It's time for sb.to do sth.到某人做某事的时间了。
It's time for the weather report.到天气预报的时间了。
It's time to solve the problem.现在是解决这个问题的时候了。
It's time for you to have a rest.你该休息一会儿了。
【即学即练11】
-It's time class.Let's go into the classroom.
-OK.
A.for B.of C.in D.at
解析
考查介词的用法。It's time for sth.意为“到了······的时间。”,故选A.
能力拓展
考法01 动词不定式做后置定语的用法(高频考点)
教材原句 Thanksgiving is a time to give thanks for food in the autumn and other good things people enjoy in life.
感恩节是一个感谢秋季所获得的食物以及生活中人们所喜欢的其他美好事物的时刻。(P61)
句子结构分析
Thanksgiving is a time to give thanks for food in the autumn and other good things people enjoy in life.
动词不定式做后置定语,修饰a time
用法to give thanks for food...是动词不定式做后置定语,修饰a time.动词不定式与被修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的动宾关系。
It has so many good things to read. 它有那么多值得读的好东西。
I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事要告诉你。
注意
如果不定式中的动词是不及动词,或着不定式所修饰的名词或代词不定式后要用趋当的介词,打且词不能省略。
Do you need a pencil to write with?你需要一支铅笔写字吗?
I need a room to live in.我需要一个房间住。
(以上with,in不可省)
【典例1】
Reading is good way the world.
A. for know B.for knows C.to know D.to knows
解析
考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:阅读是了解世界的一种好方式。动词不定式to know在句中做后置定语,修饰名词way,故选C.
考法02 动词不定式做目的状语的用法(高频考点)
教材原句 To go with the turkey,people often prepare other things, such as gravy,cornbread, mashed potatoes,
And pumpkin or apple pie.为了和火鸡相搭配,人们还经常准备其他东西,比如肉汁、玉米面包、土豆泥、南瓜或苹果派。(P61)
用法
To go with the turkey是动词不定式短语,在句中做目的状语。动词不定式做目的状语通常放在句子后面,如果放前面,应用逗号隔开。
To master a foreign language,you must work hard at it.为了精通一门外语,你必须努力学习它。
She studied hard to pass the exam.她刻苦学习,以便能通过考试。
注意
动词不定式做目的状语时相当于 in order to do sth. .in order to意为“目的是;以便”。
We sat in the front of the classroom to/in order to see the blackboard clearly.我们坐在教室的前面,为的是看清楚
黑板。
【典例2】
the project as planned,they need to work two more hours a day.
A.To finish B.Finishing C.Finish D.To be finished
解析
考查非谓语动词。句意:要想按计划完成这个项目,他们需要每天再工作两个小时。动词不定式做目的状语前置,起强调作用,故选A.
分层提分
题组A 基础过关练
一、单项选择
1.Don’t ________ sugar and coffee. I don’t like coffee with sugar.
A.mix up B.take up C.make up D.put up
【答案】A
【详解】句意:不要把糖和咖啡混在一起。我不喜欢加糖的咖啡。
考查动词短语辨析。mix up混合;take up占据;make up组成,弥补;put up举起,支起,张贴。根据“ I don’t like coffee with sugar.”可知,“我不喜欢加糖的咖啡。”,所以根据“sugar and coffee”可推测此空表示“混合”。故选A。
2.Her eyes were ________ tears when she heard the sad news.
A.covered with B.agreed with C.filled with D.full with
【答案】C
【详解】句意:当她听到这个悲伤的消息的时候她的眼睛里充满了泪水。
考查动词短语。be covered with被覆盖;agreed with同意;be filled with充满着;be full with表述错误。根据“when she heard the sad news.”可知,她的眼睛充满了泪水。故选C。
3.On the Winter Solstice Festival (冬至), the dumpling is a ________ food to keep warm.
A.educational B.traditional C.simple
【答案】B
【详解】句意:在冬至日,饺子是一种用来取暖的传统食物。
考查形容词辨析。educational有教育意义的;traditional传统的;simple简单的。根据“On the Winter Solstice Festival (冬至), the dumpling is a...food to keep warm.”可知,这里表示“传统的食物”。故选B。
4.—How ________ yogurt do you need to make the salad?
—Only two teaspoons.
A.many B.much C.long D.old
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——做沙拉需要多少酸奶?——只要两茶匙。
考查词义辨析。how many多少,对可数名词数量进行提问;how much多少,对不可数名词数量进行提问;how long多长时间;how old多大。根据答句“Only two teaspoons.”,以及yogurt是不可数名词可知,这里用much。故选B。
5.There are too many people. But the sofa will ________ as a bed for a night or two.
A.work B.serve C.save D.act
【答案】B
【详解】句意:人太多了,但是沙发可以当床睡一两个晚上。
考查动词辨析。work工作;serve服务;save节约;act扮演。由“the sofa will … as a bed”可知,此处指把沙发当作床;serve (as sth),serve在此表示“可用作,可当……使”。故选B。
6.Would you please fill the cup ________ some milk?
A.of B.with C.in D.for
【答案】B
【详解】句意:请你给这个杯子倒些牛奶好吗?
考查介词辨析。of……的;with和……一起;in在……里面;for为了。fill…with…“把……装满……”,固定搭配。故选B。
7.People usually eat special food ________ special holidays.
A.in B.on C.during D.of
【答案】B
【详解】句意:人们通常在特殊节日吃特殊食物。
考查时间介词用法。“holidays”意为假期,其前固定用介词on。故选B。
【点睛】难点突破:in一般用于世纪,年,月;on一般用于具体到某一天;at一般用于具体到一个时刻。
8.—Could you help me cut ________ the fruit? I want to make fruit salad.
—Sure.
A.down B.off C.up D.out
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你能 帮我切水果吗?我想做水果沙拉。——当然了。
考查副词辨析。down向下;off离开;up向上;out向外。根据“I want to make fruit salad.”结合“Could you help me cut … the fruit?”可知,想做水果沙拉应该是把水果“切碎”,cut up“切碎”,固定短语,符合题意,故选C。
9.It's a ______ for Chinese to eat dumplings on the Spring Festival.
A.tradition B.traditional C.traditionally D.traditions
【答案】A
【详解】句意:春节吃饺子是中国人的传统。
考查名词形式辨析。tradition传统,单数名词;traditional传统的,形容词;traditionally传统上,副词;traditions 传统,复数形式。a不定冠词,后接单数名词。备选答案中,只有tradition符合条件,故选A。
10.Lucy, put the potatoes and salt in the bowl and __________
A.mix it up B.mix up it C.mix them up D.mix up them
【答案】C
【详解】句意:露西,把土豆和盐放在碗里,把它们混合起来。
考查人称代词、动词+副词结构。mix up混合;上文potatoes and salt是复数名词,为了简练地表达,下文再次提到时用人称代词them指代,所以排除A、B;“动词+副词”结构所带的宾语,如果是代词,只能位于动词和副词之间(动词+代词+副词),排除D,故选C。
二、根据首字母填空
1.He likes eating this kind of bread with b________.
【答案】(b)utter
【详解】句意:他喜欢吃这种涂了黄油的面包。根据“He likes eating this kind of bread with”及首字母可知,此处指带有黄油的面包,butter“黄油”,不可数名词,故填(b)utter。
2.Leaves turn yellow in a________.
【答案】(a)utumn
【详解】句意:树叶在秋天变黄。根据句意可知后面表示的时间是在秋天,用autumn;故填(a)utumn。
3.The restaurant s________ free apple juice to customers.
【答案】(s)erves
【详解】句意:这个餐厅给顾客提供免费的苹果汁。根据后面的“free apple juice”可知是免费提供,而不是售卖,因此用动词serve;主语The restaurant是第三人称单数,因此serve要变三单形式serves。故填(s)erves。
4.Thanksgiving Day is a t__________ holiday in the United States.
【答案】(t)raditional
【详解】句意:在美国,感恩节是一个传统的节日。名词“holiday”用形容词修饰,根据“Thanksgiving Day”及首字母提示,可知句子表达“传统的”,用形容词“traditional”作定语。故填(t)raditional。
5.The t__________ is very low in winter. You should put on more clothes.
【答案】(t)emperature
【详解】句意:在冬季气温非常低。你应该穿更多的衣服。根据“You should put on more clothes.”你应多穿衣服,可知表示气温低,temperature“温度”。故填(t)emperature。
6.Please tell me how to c________ the Thanksgiving Day in North America.
【答案】(c)elebrate
【详解】句意:请告诉我在北美怎样庆祝感恩节。根据“Please tell me how to...the Thanksgiving Day in North America.”结合单词首字母可知此处是指庆祝感恩节,celebrate“庆祝”,是动词,空前有不定式符号to,动词用原形, 故填(c)elebrate。
7.Look! CCTV is c________ the football game live we are looking forward to.
【答案】(c)overing
【详解】句意:看!中央电视台正在直播报道我们期待的足球赛。根据“ CCTV is ... the football game live”及首字母可知,此处指报道,用cover表示,be动词is后跟现在分词构成现在进行时结构。故填(c)overing。
8.The p________ is empty, so you can put some bread on it.
【答案】(p)late
【详解】句意:盘子是空的,所以你可以放一些面包在上面。冠词the后面可加名词做主语,根据首字母p以及“The...is empty, so you can put some bread on it.”,可知这里填名词单数,plate盘子,符合题意。故填(p)late。
9.He brought some cheese and bread to make some cheese s________ for dinner.
【答案】(s)andwiches
【详解】句意:他带了一些奶酪和面包来做奶酪三明治当作晚餐。根据“cheese and bread”可知,是制作三明治;再者根据“some”可知,此空需要其名词复数形式,结合首字母提示,sandwiches符合句意。故填(s)andwiches。
10.If you m_______ blue and yellow, you will get green.
【答案】(m)ix
【详解】句意:如果你把蓝色和黄色混合在一起,你将得到绿色。if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时,故为(m)ix。
三、英汉互译:短语
1.give thanks for______________________
2.fill… with…______________________
3.传统的食物______________________
4.cover…with…______________________
5.a piece of______________________
6.place the turkey on a large plate______________________
7.薄片______________________
8.混在一起______________________
9.把……提供给……______________________
【答案】
1.为……而感谢 2.用……装满…… 3.traditional food 4.用……覆盖…… 5.一片/块/段……
6.把火鸡放在一个大盘子里 7.thin pieces 8.mix together 9.serve…to…
【解析】
1.give thanks for表示“为……而感谢”。
2.fill…with…表示“用……装满……”。
3.food食物,traditional传统的,表示“传统的食物”,用traditional food。
4.cover…with…表示“用……覆盖……”。
5.a piece of表示“一片/块/段……”。
6.place …on…“把……放在…….上”,the turkey火鸡,a large plate一个大盘子,故此处为:把火鸡放在一个大盘子里。
7.thin薄的,pieces片,表示“薄片”,用thin pieces。
8.表示“混在一起”用mix together。
9.表示“把……提供给……”,用serve…to…。
题组B 能力提升练
一、完形填空
Sandwich is a kind of popular Western food. We eat sandwiches with different fillings (饼馅). Some of _1_like sandwiches with eggs and some like vegetable sandwiches. I like sandwiches with pork or cheese in them. Sandwiches taste___2___and we can make them at home. Do you ever try making a sandwich yourself?
The instructions (说明) for making a sandwich__3__very simple. You can buy__4__you need in a supermarket. __5__example, if you like sandwiches with eggs and vegetables, you can buy some bread, butter, lettuce (生菜) and eggs in a supermarket and get things __6__in only 10 minutes. What you need __7__ is to fry (油煎) the eggs and wash the vegetables. When you are hungry, just put the butter onto the bread, lay some clean vegetables on the buttered bread and put the __8__egg on it. Cover it __9__another piece of bread. __10__is so easy to make a sandwich. _11_you like something different or better, you may put _12_things such as pork, cheese (奶酪), or even red pepper (胡椒) between the two__13__. But don’t _14_some leaves of vegetables in it because it will make your sandwiches more delicious.
Now it is time for you to__15__.
1.A.we B.our C.us D.them
2.A.sweet B.salty C.delicious D.well
3.A.is B.are C.be D.∕
4.A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything
5.A.For B.With C.As D.In
6.A.dirty B.away C.ready D.clean
7.A.doing B.thinking C.to do D.to think
8.A.frying B.fried C.to fry D.fries
9.A.with B.by C.to D.in
10.A.That B.It C.This D.He
11.A.When B.After C.Before D.If
12.A.some more B.much more C.another some D.other some
13.A.piece of breads B.pieces of meat C.pieces of bread D.piece of meats
14.A.forget to put B.forget doing C.remember to put D.remember putting
15.A.have a taste B.have a rest C.have a good time D.have a try
【答案】
1-5. CCBDA
6-10. CCBAB
11-15.DACAD
【分析】本文主要介绍怎样做三明治。
1.句意:我们有些人喜欢鸡蛋三明治,有些人喜欢蔬菜三明治。考查人称代词。A. we我们,主格;B. our我们的,形容词性物主代词;C. us我们,宾格;D. them他们,宾格。根据上文We eat sandwiches with different fillings(我们吃有不同馅的三明治)可知此句句意是“我们有些人喜欢鸡蛋三明治,有些人喜欢蔬菜三明治。” Of是介词,后面跟名词或代词,可知填人称代词宾格。Some of us:我们有些人;结合句意可知选C。
2.句意:三明治味道很好,我们可以在家里做。考查形容词副词辨析。A. sweet甜的;B. salty咸的;C. delicious美味的,好吃的;D. well好地,副词。Taste尝起来,感官系动词,后面跟形容词做表语。根据下文“我们可以在家里做”可知“:三明治味道很好”;选C。
3.句意:制作三明治的说明很简单。考查主谓一致。本句主语是The instructions , for making a sandwich 是修饰The instructions;主语是复数,可知填are;选B。
4.句意:你可以在超市买你需要的所有东西。考查不定代词。A. something某物,重要东西,一般用于肯定句;B. anything任何东西,任何事情,一般用于疑问句和否定句中;C. nothing 没有东西,无物;D. everything一切,所有东西。结合句意可知选D。
5.句意:例如,如果你喜欢夹鸡蛋和蔬菜的三明治,你可以在超市里买一些面包、黄油、生菜和鸡蛋,而且只需10分钟就可以准备好。短语for example:例如;结合句意可知填For,选A。
6.句意:例如,如果你喜欢夹鸡蛋和蔬菜的三明治,你可以在超市里买一些面包、黄油、生菜和鸡蛋,而且只需10分钟就可以把东西准备好。考查形容词辨析。A. dirty脏的; B. away离开,不在的,遥远的;C. ready准备好的;D. clean干净的。get sth. +形容词:使…是什么样子的;get sth. ready:把...准备好;结合句意可知选C。
7.句意:你需要做的是煎鸡蛋和洗蔬菜。考查动词辨析。A. doing做;B. thinking思考,想;C. to do做;D. to think 思考,想。1. need doing sth.:需要做某事(被动关系),主语和need后面的动词是被动关系,need doing sth.=need to be done sth.,例如,The plant needs watering.=The plant needs to be watered.(这棵植物需要浇水。意思是植物需要人给他浇水。)2. need to do sth.:需要做某事(主动关系)。结合句意可知填to do;选C。
8.句意:当你饿了,把黄油放在面包上,在黄油面包上放一些干净的蔬菜,然后把煎好的鸡蛋放在上面。考查词义辨析。A. frying用于煎的;煎的,主动形容词,油炸,fry的现在分词;B. fried油炸的,油煎的,被动形容词,fry的过去式和过去分词;C. to fry煎,炸;D. fries煎,炸,fry的三单形式。本句修饰名词egg可知使用形容词修饰名词。鸡蛋是被煎好的,使用被动形容词fried;选B。
9.句意:再盖上一片面包。考查介词。A. with用(工具),和,拥有;B. by乘坐;C. to到,朝;D. in在…里。cover···with···用···覆盖···;结合句意可知选A。
10.句意:做三明治很容易。本句是句型It is +形容词+ to do sth.:做某事是什么样子的,it是形式主语,动词不定式是真正主语。结合句意可知填It,选B。
11.句意:如果你喜欢不同或更好的东西,你可以在两片面包之间放更多的东西,比如猪肉,奶酪,甚至红辣椒。考查连词辨析。A. When当…时候,引导时间状语从句;B. After在…之后,引导时间状语从句;C. Before在…以前,引导时间状语从句;D. If如果,引导条件状语从句。根据前后句意可知前句是表示条件,可知此句是条件状语从句,结合句意可知填If;选D。
12.句意:如果你喜欢不同或更好的东西,你可以在两片面包之间放更多的东西,比如猪肉,奶酪,甚至红辣椒。短语some more:再来一些,再多一点。结合句意可知填some more;选A。
13.句意:如果你喜欢不同或更好的东西,你可以在两片面包之间放更多的东西,比如猪肉,奶酪,甚至红辣椒。meat和bread是不可数名词,可知A和D错误;B. pieces of meat片肉;C. pieces of bread片包面。根据上文Cover it ___9___another piece of bread可知“你可以在两片面包之间放更多的东西”;选C。
14.句意:但是别忘了在里面放些蔬菜叶,因为这样会使三明治更加美味。forget to do sth.:忘记做某事(这件事还没有做);forget doing sth.:忘记做过某事(已经做过了);remember to do sth.:记住做某事(这件事还没做);remember doing sth.:记住做过某事(已经做过了)。Don’t forget to do sth:不要忘记做某事。结合句意可知填forget to put;选A。
15.句意:现在是你试一试的时候了。考查动词短语。A. have a taste尝一尝,品尝一下;B. have a rest休息一下;C. have a good time过得愉快;D. have a try尝试一下,试一试。上文是介绍做汉堡包的方法,可知是“尝试一下”;结合句意可知填have a try;选D。
【点睛】完形填空是一卷难度最大的题。它集阅读理解、语法、词法、句法于一体,是考查语言综合运用的能力的一道题。 解题的方法第一要带着空通读文章,搞清事件发生的背景。本题主要考查词义辨析:名词辨析、形容词副词辨析、冠词辨析、介词连词辨析等,做此类型题时,要知道每一个词的意义,然后结合上下文背景语境,短语结合语境选择正确的选项。
二、阅读判断
The favorite food in the United States is the hamburger. The favorite place to buy a hamburger is a fast food restaurant. At fast food restaurants, people order their food, wait a few minutes and carry it to their tables themselves. People also take their food out of the restaurant and eat in their cars or in their homes. At some fast food restaurants, people can order their food, pay for it and pick it up without leaving their cars.
There are many kinds of fast food restaurants in the United States. Most of them sell hamburgers, French fries and milk shakes, They are traditionally (传统地) popular food among Americans. Fast food restaurants also serve Chinese food, Mexican food, Italian food, chicken, seafood and ice-cream.
Fast food restaurants are very popular and many American people like them. First, people can wear any type of dress when they go to a fast food place. Second, they are fast. Finally most food in the restaurant is not expensive.
根据短文内容,判断下列句子正(T)误(F).
1.Most Americans like hamburgers.
2.People must eat fast food at the fast food restaurans.
3.People can't order their fast food or pick it up in thircars.
4.People can get many kinds of food in the fast food restaurant.
5.People can wear any type of dress when they go to a fast food restaurant.
【答案】
1-5.TFFTT
【分析】本文描写了在美国最受欢迎的地方-----快餐店。本文记述了快餐店被人喜欢的原因,在快餐店,友人们最喜欢的汉堡,而且人们还会外带他们的食物,在车上或在家里吃。此外,品类齐全快而不贵,所以受人喜欢。
1.根据首句“The favorite food in the United States is the hamburger.在美国最喜欢的食物是汉堡”,与题干相符,故答案为T。
2.根据文中句子“People also take their food out of the restaurant and eat in their cars or in their homes.”可知,人们不一定在快餐店吃快餐,与题干不符,故答案为F。
3.根据文中句子“At some fast food restaurants, people can order their food, pay for it and pick it up without leaving their cars.”可知,人们在车里面就可以预定并支付快餐,与题干不符,故答案为F。
4.根据文中句子“Fast food restaurants also serve Chinese food, Mexican food, Italian food, chicken, seafood and ice-cream.”可知,在快餐店里还买中国食品,墨西哥食物,意大利食物,鸡肉,海鲜等,与题干相符,故答案为T。
5.根据文中句子“First, people can wear any type of dress when they go to a fast food place.”可知,人们去快餐店时穿着很随意,与题干相符,故答案为T。
点睛:断正误题主要考查我们对文章的具体事实、信息的理解能力。本题适合通过寻读法在原文中找出与每个问题相关的词句或段落,在原文中找出相对应的句子,对照辨别两者是否相同从中找到判断的依据,对“问题”进行是非判断,,只有完全符合文章意思的句子,才可判断为正确,不能凭想象和想当然。
三、填写适当的句子补全对话
A: What are you eating, John?
B: ___1___ . I always get hungry in the afternoon.
A: But potato chips are unhealthy food. You could make some healthy snacks (点心) and take them to work.
B: ____2____ ?
A: No, they're easy to make.
B: ____3____ ?
A: Sure! First, buy a banana, some butter and a box of crackers (薄脆饼干).
B: ____4____?
A: Next, put the butter on the crackers. Then put a slice of banana on each cracker.
B: _____5_____?
A: Well, it's up to you. If you like butter, add more. Finally, put another cracker on the top.
B: I see. It's quite simple. I will try it after work.
【答案】
1.I'm eating potato chips
2.Are snacks hard / difficult to make
3.Can you tell me how to make one kind of snack
4.What's next
5.How much butter should I put on the crackers
【分析】本文介绍了甜点的制作过程。
1.根据What are you eating, John?和But potato chips are unhealthy food可知,John正在吃potato chips。故答案为I'm eating potato chips。
2.根据回答No, they're easy to make可推测该问句意思是:甜点很难制作吗?故答案为Are snacks hard /difficult to make。
3.根据回答Sure!和后面的步骤可推测本句意思是:你能告诉我怎样制作一种甜点吗?故答案为Can you tell me how to make one kind of snack
4.根据回答Next, put the butter on the crackers可知,可推测本句意思是:下一步是什么?故答案为What's next
5.根据回答Well, it's up to you. If you like butter, add more可知,本句意思是:我应该往薄脆饼上放多少黄油呢?故答案为How much butter should I put on the crackers。
题组C 培优拔尖练
一、单项选择
1.(2020·湖北十堰·中考真题)—I can't hear clearly. Please ______ the radio a little.
—Just one minute. I'll do it right away.
A.turn on B.turn off C.turn up D.turn down
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——我不能清晰地听到,请把收音机声音调高一点。——等一下,我马上就会做。
考查动词短语。turn on打开;turn off关上;turn up调高;turn down调低。根据“I can't hear clearly”可知此处表示“把声音调高”,用动词短语turn up。故选C。
2.(2019·河北·中考真题)These cakes_________ with chocolate. Have one, please.
A.fill B.filled C.are filled D.were filled
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这些蛋糕满满的巧克力,吃一个。根据cakes 和fill之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态,结构是be+过去分词;be filled with用……填满,根据句意可知是一般现在时态;故选C。
【点睛】各种时态的被动语态。1)一般现在时态的被动语态结构是 am /is are+done,例如:I am asked to study hard by my mother. 2)一般过去时态的被动语态结构是were/was+done,例如:A new shop was built last year. 3) 现在完成时态的被动语态结构是have/has been+done 例如:This book has been translated into Chinese. 4) 一般将来时态的被动语态结构是will be+ done, 例如:Many trees will be planted next year. 5)现在进行时态的被动语态结构是am/is/are+being+done, 例如:My bike is being repaired by Tom now.
3.(2018·江苏徐州·中考真题)一I love these hair clips. are they?
一They are ten yuan.
A.How many B.How much C.How old D.How heavy
【答案】B
【详解】句意:-我喜欢这些发夹,他们多少钱?-十元。How many 多少,提问数量,修饰可数名词;How much多少,提问数量,修饰不可数名词;多少钱,提问价格;How old多大,提问年龄;How heavy多重,提问重量。根据下面的回答They are ten yuan可知,这里问的是发夹的价格,故选B。
4.(2018·山东东营·中考真题)-- Look, how wonderful this paper-cutting is!
-- So it is. Paper cutting is a/an Chinese art with a long history.
A.common B.modern C.important D.traditional
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——看,这个剪纸多么精美啊!——的确如此。剪纸是一种具有悠久历史的中国传统艺术。A. common普通的;B. modern现在的;C. important重要的;D. traditional传统的。剪纸艺术是最古老的中国民间艺术之一。故答案选D。
5.(2018·全国·一模)Seasons in Australia are different from those in the USA.When it is fall in New York, it is _______ in Sydney.
A.summer B.Spring C.autumn D.winter
【答案】B
【详解】句意:澳大利亚的季节和美国的不同。当纽约是秋天的时候,悉尼是春天。
考查名词辨析。summer夏天;spring春天;autumn秋天;winter冬天。fall名词,秋天,结合前面“Seasons in Australia are different from...”可知,此处应该用秋天的对应词“spring春天”。故选B。
6.(2019·河北·石家庄外国语教育集团八年级竞赛)I am hungry. But there is little ________ to eat. I have to go and buy some.
A.potatoes B.sandwiches C.water D.bread
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我饿了,但是几乎没有面包吃了,我得去买点。
考查名词辨析。potatoes土豆,可数名词的复数形式;sandwiches三明治,可数名词的复数形式;water水,不可数名词;bread面包,不可数名词。little,几乎没有,后跟不可数名词;结合前句“I am hungry.”可知,空处应是bread,面包。故选D。
7.(2020·安徽省淮南市八公山区第二中学八年级竞赛)Lucy, put the potatoes and salt in the bowl and __________
A.mix it up B.mix up it C.mix them up D.mix up them
【答案】C
【详解】句意:露西,把土豆和盐放在碗里,把它们混合起来。
考查人称代词、动词+副词结构。mix up混合;上文potatoes and salt是复数名词,为了简练地表达,下文再次提到时用人称代词them指代,所以排除A、B;“动词+副词”结构所带的宾语,如果是代词,只能位于动词和副词之间(动词+代词+副词),排除D,故选C。
8.(2021·山东济南·三模)Tim is going to give his father a surprise ______ Father’s Day.
A.in B.at C.on D.by
【答案】C
【详解】句意:蒂姆打算在父亲节给他的父亲一个惊喜。
考查介词辨析。in表示在某年、某季、某月、某世纪,也可表示在上午、下午或晚上;on表示在具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午、晚上;at表示在某一具体时刻;by不迟于。根据“Father’s Day”可知,此处表示在某个具体的日子,应用on。故选C。
9.(2011·天津·中考真题)I’m so hungry. Please give me _______ to eat.
A.three bread B.three pieces of bread C.three pieces of breads D.three piece of bread
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我太饿了。请给我三片面包吃。
考查不可数名词,bread“面包”为不可数名词,前面不能直接跟数词,因此用“数词+量词 +of”来连接,但是piece 是可数的,因此达到两个及其以上要用其复数形式。故选B。
10.(2020·四川广元·中考真题)Sandy really likes eating meat, but she doesn't like eating________.
A.breads B.vegetables C.chickens
【答案】B
【详解】句意:桑迪真的很喜欢吃肉,但是她不喜欢吃蔬菜。
考查名词。bread面包,不可数名词,不加s。vegetables蔬菜,可数名词,通常用复数形式。chicken鸡肉,不可数名词;chicken如果加s变复数,表达的意思是“小鸡”。根据“likes eating meat, but she doesn't like”后面句子是转折,表达“喜欢吃肉但是不喜欢吃蔬菜”。故选B。
二、单词填空
1.(2018·湖北荆门·中考真题)As a traditional festival, Mid-Autumn Day is c________ in China every year.
【答案】(c)elebrated
【详解】句意:作为一个传统节日,中国每年都庆祝中秋节。根据首字母提示和句意可知,中国每年庆祝中秋节;“中秋节”和“庆祝”之间是动宾关系;“中秋节”作主语,因此此空用被动语态。故填(c)elebrated。
2.(2020·江苏苏州·中考真题)Shake the bottle well so that the milk ________ (混合) with the tea.
【答案】mixes
【详解】句意:把瓶子摇匀,使牛奶和茶混合在一起。
“混合”译为“mix”。so that引导的目的状语从句,主句是祈使句,从句根据需要选择合适的时态,结合句意可知要用一般现在时;主语"the milk”是不可数名词,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式mixes。故答案为mixes。
3.(2021·江苏南京·一模)Generally speaking, it appears that a ________(温度) of around 70°C is effective at quickly killing the virus.
【答案】temperature
【详解】句意:一般来说,70℃左右的温度似乎能有效地快速杀死病毒。temperature“温度”,是名词,空格前有不定冠词修饰,名词用单数形式,故填temperature。
4.(2019·安徽合肥·三模)The restaurant s________ (提供) beer and light meal.
【答案】serves
【详解】句意:这家餐馆提供啤酒和便餐。根据汉语和首字母提示可知,空处应是serve,动词;句子是一般现在时,主语“The restaurant”是第三人称单数形式,故行为动词后要加s。故填serves。
5.(2021·山东威海·中考真题)Zongzi is the ________ /trə’dɪʃənl/ food for the Dragon Boat Festival.
【答案】traditional
【详解】句意:粽子是端午节的传统食物。根据音标提示可知英文表达是traditional,意为“传统的”,形容词,作定语。故填traditional。
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