英语八年级下册Section B精品练习

这是一份英语八年级下册Section B精品练习，文件包含同步讲义人教版英语八年级下册-Unit1课时4SectionB2a-2e教案docx、同步讲义人教版英语八年级下册-Unit1课时4SectionB2a-2e学案docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共21页， 欢迎下载使用。
Unit 1  What’s the matter？ 课时4 Section B（2a-2e)Learning aims:1.熟练掌握并运用下列单词及短语：risk, accident, situation, kilo, rock, knife, blood, importance, decision, control, spirit, death, take risks, cut off, the importance of, be in control of。2.通过细读，了解文章的逻辑结构和重要语法点。重点词汇和短语1. _______________ pron.（we的反身代词）我们自己2. _______________ n. 登山者；攀登者 3. _______________ n. & v. 危险；风险；冒险 4. _______________ n. 情况；状况 5. _______________ (=kilogram) n. 公斤；千克 6. _______________ n. 岩石 7. _______________ n. (pl. knives ) 刀；餐刀 8. _______________ n. 血  9. _______________ v. 意思是；打算；意欲  10. _______________ n. 重要性，重要 11. _______________ n. 决定；抉择  12. _______________ n. & v. 限制；约束；管理 13. _______________ n. 勇气；意志 14. _______________ n. 死；死亡 15. ___________________________ 陷入；参与  16. ___________________________ 习惯于……；适应于…… 17. ___________________________ 冒险  18. ___________________________ 用尽；耗尽  19. ___________________________ 切除 20. ___________________________ 离开；从……出来 21. ___________________________ 掌管；管理22. ___________________________ 放弃答案：1. ourselves  2. climber  3. risk 4. situation 5. kilo 6. rock 7. knife8. blood 9. mean 10. importance  11. decision 12. control 13. spirit   14. death 15. get into 16. be used to  17. take risks (take a risk) 18. run out (of) 19. cut off20. get out of 21. be in control of  22. give up1. As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks. 作为一名登山者, 阿伦习惯于冒险。be used to意为＂习惯于……；适应于……＂，其中to是介词，后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式。☞ He is used to taking cold showers even in winter. 他习惯了甚至在冬天也用冷水淋浴。☞ He is used to getting up early. 他习惯于早起。学科*网【归纳拓展】be used to sth / doing sth意为＂习惯于……＂，相当于短语get used to。☞ Be patient and you will be used to the life here soon. 耐心些！很快你就会习惯这儿的生活的。be used to do sth(=be used for doing sth )意为＂被用来做某事＂，是动词use的被动结构。☞ Plastics can be used to make all kinds of things.塑料能被用来制造各种各样的东西。used to do sth意为＂过去常做某事＂，表达过去。☞ I used to go to the cinema, but I hardly ever have time for films now. 我过去经常去看电影，但现在我几乎没有时间看电影了。Jim ________ ride to school. But now he ________ walking to school because he wants to keep fit.A．was used to; used to B．got used to; is used to C．used to; is used to D．used to; used to【答案】C【详解】句意：吉姆过去常常骑车上学。但是现在他习惯于步行上学，因为他想保持健康。考查动词短语。be/get used to doing sth.习惯做某事；used to do sth.过去常常做某事。第一空，根据“Jim...ride to school.”可知，此处表示过去常常骑车去上学，用used to；第二空，根据“But now he...walking to school because he wants to keep fit.”可知，此处表示现在习惯步行上学，用is used to。故选C。2. But when his water ran out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life. 但是当他的水用尽时，他知道他必须做一些事情来拯救自己的生命。run out作不及物动词短语，意为＂用尽；耗尽＂，主语通常是时间、金钱、水、食物等无生命名词。☞ His strength ran out. 他的力气用完了。☞ After a long walk, he ran out of his water. 长途跋涉后，他用尽了他的水。【易混辨析】  run out与run out ofrun out是＂动词＋副词＂型动词短语，主语通常是时间、食物、金钱等名词。☞ His money soon ran out. 他的钱很快花完了。run out of作及物动词用(＝use up)，后接宾语，主语通常是人。 ☞ I have run out of my money before payday. 在发工资的日子之前我已经用尽了我的钱。【注意】 run out of... 其原意为＂从……中跑出＂。☞ Lots of students ran out of the classroom to see what had happened. 很多学生从教室里跑出来看看发生了什么事。We should ______ coal,because the underground coal will _______ some day.A．save；run out of B．save；run out C．produce；run out of D．produce；run out【答案】B【详解】句意：我们应该节约用煤，因为地下煤有一天会用完的。根据save节约，run out of用完---，后有宾语， produce生产，run out---用完，不接宾语；根据句意可知是节约用煤，排除C/D；根据后面没有宾语；故选B3. His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience. 他对登山的热爱是如此深厚以至于在这次经历之后他还继续登山。（1）＂so ... that...＂意为＂如此……以至于……＂，that引导结果状语从句。此句型中，so是副词，常用来修饰形容词或副词。常用句型结构为：主语+谓语+so+adj./adv.+ that从句。☞ The math problem is so difficult that I can’t work it out. 这道数学题是如此难以至于我解不出来。☞ The boy is so young that he can’t go to school. 这个男孩太小还不能去上学。【易混辨析】  such... that与so... that的区别(1)so+ adj./adv.adj. + a/an + _________many/few + 可数名词复数       + that从句much/little+___________(2)such + a/an + adj. + 单数名词adj. + ___________           +that从句adj. + 复数名词【注意】 如果so... that...句型中，that引导的从句中的主语与主句中的主语一致，在否定句中可与too... to...或not... enough to...结构转换。☞ He is so young that he can’t go to school. 他太小了，不能去上学。=He is too young to go to school. =He isn’t old enough to go to school. 1. 那次聚会是如此让人激动以至于我永远都不会忘记它。The party was _____________ _____________ _____________ I would never forget it.  2. 她是如此好的一位老师以至于所有的学生都喜欢她。She is _____________ _____________good teacher _____________ all the students like her. 【答案】1. so exciting that　   2. such a；that（2）keep on doing sth意为＂继续或坚持做某事＂，表示动作重复多次，中间有间隔，强调重复性。☞ They kept on working though it was dark. 尽管天黑了，他们却继续工作。☞ Don’t keep on interrupting me. 别老是跟我打岔。【知识拓展】①keep doing sth意为＂继续不停地做某事＂。表示动作的持续不间断、无停顿，强调连续性。☞ Keep walking until you reach the end of the road. 继续走，知道你到达路的尽头。②keep sb doing sth意为＂让某人一直做某事＂。☞ I’m sorry to keep you waiting. 对不起让你久等了。③keep sb from doing sth意为＂阻止某人做某事＂。☞ You shouldn’t keep him from watching cartoons. 你不该阻止他看动画片。【魔法记忆】 英语中后接doing作宾语的词(组)完成练习值得忙 finish, practise, be worth, be busy继续习惯别放弃 keep on, be used to, give up考虑建议不禁想 consider, suggest, can’t help, feel like喜欢思念要介意 enjoy, miss, mind昨天我们坚持学习到深夜。We _____________ _____________ _____________ late into the night yesterday.【答案】 kept on studying4. —Are you OK? 你还好吗? —No, I don’t feel well. 不，我觉得不舒服。feel well意为＂身体好；感觉舒服＂。其中feel意为＂感觉＂，为系动词，后常接形容词作表语。well表示健康状况时，是形容词，意为＂健康的＂。☞ I think I’ll go and lie down — I don’t feel well. 我想我得去躺一会儿，我感到不大舒服。【易混辨析】 good与well的区别good是形容词，意为＂好的；优秀的＂，在句中常用作表语或定语。☞ I have a good friend. 我有一个好朋友。well作副词，意为＂很好地＂，常用来修饰动词，在句中作状语。☞ She speaks English well. 她英语说得好。作形容词，常用来表示健康状况，意为＂健康的＂，在句中常用作表语。☞ I hope she is well. 我希望她身体健康。5. decision n. 决定；抉择decision常用于短语make a decision/decisions意为＂作决定＂。make a decision to do sth.＝decide to do sth.＝make up one’s mind to do sth. 决定做某事。He made a decision/decided to go to New York finally. 最后他决定去纽约。Grammar (二)反身代词反身代词是由第一人称、第二人称形容词性物主代词或第三人称的人称代词宾格形式，词尾加-self或-selves组成的。反身代词意为＂本人＂＂本身＂，为加强语气，也可翻译为＂亲自＂＂自己＂。1. 反身代词构成 第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimself/herself/itself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves2. 反身代词的用法作动词宾语或介词宾语☞ The boy can dress himself. 这个男孩能给自己穿衣服。☞ Take good care of yourself. 好好照顾你自己。作主语或宾语的同位语☞ Mrs Black herself is a lawyer. 布莱克夫人本人就是一名律师。☞ You had better ask the driver himself. 你最好问司机本人。作表语☞ Just be yourself. 做你自己就好了。☞ Mary hasn’t been herself recently. 玛丽近来感到不适。3. 易错点反身代词必须与其所指代的名词或代词形成相互关系，在人称、性和数上保持一致。☞ The children are enjoying themselves in the park. 孩子们正在公园里玩得很高兴。They could look after _____________ when they were six.A. ourselves B. themselves C. yourselves【答案】B【解析】考查反身代词。句意：当他们六岁时就能够照顾自己了。主语是they，对应的反身代词为themselves。4. 反身代词的常用短语teach oneself＝learn by oneself 自学 enjoy oneself 过得愉快help oneself to... 随便吃/用……  look after oneself 照顾某人自己dress oneself 给自己穿衣服一、单项选择1．English is so important that we can’t ________.A．give up them B．give them up C．give up it  D．give it up【答案】D【详解】句意：英语如此重要，我们不能放弃它。考查动词短语及代词。it它；them它（她、他）们；give up放弃。give up是动词短语，此处指的是“放弃英语”，应用it代替“English”，且代词要放在动词与副词中间，故选D。2．As the food festival is coming, the students are preparing everything by ________.A．themselves B．ourselves C．yourselves【答案】A【详解】句意：随着美食节的到来，学生们正在自己准备一切。考查代词辨析。themselves他们自己；ourselves我们自己；yourselves你们自己。根据“the students...”可知是学生们自己在准备，用反身代词themselves。故选A。3．Scientists warn us that if we go on using so much energy, we will ________ it in the near future.A．go out of B．run out of C．get out of D．keep out of【答案】B【详解】句意：科学家警告我们，如果我们继续使用如此多的能源，我们将在不久的将来耗尽它。考查动词短语辨析。go out of离开；run out of耗尽；get out of逃避；keep out of把……挡在……外。根据“if we go on using so much energy”可知，继续使用很多能源，不久将会耗尽它。故选B。4．There ________ be few people using mobile phones in the 1990s. As time goes by, it’s said that few people ________ the life without mobile phones.A．used to; used to B．are used to; used to C．used to; are used to D．are used to; are used to【答案】C【详解】句意：20世纪90年代，几乎没有人使用手机。随着时间的流逝，据说很少有人习惯了没有手机的生活。考查动词短语。There used to be“过去常常有”；be used to“习惯于”。故选C。5．Don’t get ________ the underground when the door is closing. Please wait for the next one.A．in B．on C．off D．out of【答案】B【详解】句意：地铁门正在关上的时候不要上车。请等下一班。考查介词辨析和动词短语。 get in进入；get on上车；get off下车；get out of逃避。根据“Don’t get...the underground when the door is closing.”可知，地铁门正在关上的时候不要上车，故选B。6．There was something with Tom’s teeth, so he went to see a _______.A．doctor B．dentist C．teacher D．nurse【答案】B【详解】句意：汤姆的牙齿有毛病，所以他去看牙医。考查名词辨析。doctor医生；dentist牙医；teacher教师；nurse护士。根据“There was something with Tom’s teeth”可知牙齿有问题，应该要看牙医，故选B。7．I’m really excited. My father makes a ________ to me that he’ll buy me the newest Lego brick set.A．decision B．plan C．promise D．difference【答案】C【详解】句意：我真地很兴奋。我父亲答应我，他会给我买最新的乐高积木套装。考查名词辨析。decision决定；plan计划；promise承诺；difference差别。根据“that he’ll buy me the newest Lego brick set.”可知，给我买最新的乐高积木套装，是父亲做的承诺。故选C。8．There is no ________ of falling down if you walk slowly.A．side B．corner C．choice D．risk【答案】D【详解】句意：如果你走得慢，就没有摔倒的危险。考查名词辨析。side一侧；corner角落；choice选择；risk风险。根据下文“if you walk slowly”可知，走得慢就不会有摔倒的风险。故选D。9．Believe in ________, Lucy. I think you’ll succeed.A．myself B．yourself C．ourselves D．herself【答案】B【详解】句意：相信你自己，露西。我想你会成功的。考查代词辨析。myself我自己；yourself你自己；ourselves我们自己；herself她自己。根据后句“I think you’ll succeed.”可知，应是相信你自己。故选B。10．If you have a nosebleed, you should ________.A．take your temperature B．put a bandage on it C．put your head back【答案】C【详解】句意：如果你流鼻血，你应该把头向后仰。考查动词短语和常识。take your temperature量体温；put a bandage on it用绷带包扎；put your head back把头往后仰。根据常识可知，流鼻血应把头往后仰。故选C。二、完形填空It was the last day of school and I planned to travel to my friend’s hometown. I didn’t see him for years and this was a good ____11____ to meet him again. I was busy at school so it was very ____12____ when I came back home. It was already 10 o’clock at night. Time was running out. After a hurried (勿忙) meal I left. ____13____ I found a taxi very soon. Asking the driver to drive me fast to the station, I relaxed for a while, imagining what my friend looked like now. I was soon at the station and I was sure that I would be able to ____14____ the train. Unluckily, I fell on the way and lost some time. To my ____15____, when I reached the platform (站台), I saw that the train just left! It was the last train so I had to ____16____ home. My mother was glad to see me back because as she had a bad feeling about my trip. But I was unhappy. I tried to relax and went to bed but I had a ____17____ sleep. The next morning I was very tired. When I was having breakfast the ____18____ arrived. I read over the pages and was shocked (震惊) to ____19____ that the train I missed had an accident. How ____20____ I was that I missed the train!11．A．work B．chance C．visit D．dream12．A．strange B．cold C．late D．quiet13．A．Possibly B．Suddenly C．Strangely D．Luckily14．A．stop B．see C．catch D．miss15．A．sadness B．hope C．worry D．joy16．A．call B．leave C．reach D．return17．A．deep B．bad C．great D．heavy18．A．newspaper B．ticket C．milk D．train19．A．find B．hear C．feel D．remember20．A．hopeful B．thankful C．careful D．painful【答案】11．B    12．C    13．D    14．C    15．A    16．D    17．B    18．A    19．A    20．B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者要去久别的朋友家玩，却没赶上火车，第二天在报纸上了解到自己错过的火车出了事故，作者感叹自己是幸运的，感激命运的。11．句意：我已经几年没有见到过他并且这是一个好机会。work工作；chance机会；visit参观；dream梦想。根据“I didn’t see him for years and this was a good ... to meet him again.”可知，放假了，这是一个约着见面的好机会。故选B。12．句意：在学校我是忙的，所以当我到家时已经很晚了。strange奇怪的；cold冷的；late晚的；quiet安静的。根据“I was busy at school”可知到家时是晚的，故选C。13．句意：幸运的是，我很快找到一辆出租车。Possibly可能地；Suddenly突然；Strangely奇怪的是；Luckily幸运地。根据“I found a taxi very soon.”和上文可知，虽然到家很晚，但幸运的是，我很快就叫上了出租车，故选D。14．句意：我很快到了车站并且我确信我能赶上火车。stop停止；see看见；catch赶上；miss错过。根据“I was soon at the station and I was sure”可知应是赶上火车，故选C。15．句意：令我难过的是，当我到达站台时，我看见火车刚刚离开。sadness难过；hope希望；worry担忧；joy高兴。根据“I saw that the train just left”可知应是难过的，故选A。16．句意：它是最后一趟车，所以我不得不返回家。call打电话；leave离开；reach到达；return返回。根据上题可知作者现在在车站，但火车开走了，所以此处应是返回家。故选D。17．句意：我尽量放松并且上床，但是我有一个糟糕的睡眠。deep深的；bad坏的；great好的；heavy重的。根据“I tried to relax and went to bed but...”可知是虽然睡觉了但睡得并不好，故选B。18．句意：当我吃早餐的时候报纸到了。newspaper报纸；ticket票；milk牛奶；train火车。根据“ I read over the pages”可知是报纸，故选A。19．句意：我通读报纸并且震惊地发现我错过的火车发生了事故。find发现；hear听见；feel感觉；remember记得。根据“the train I missed had an accident”可知应是发现火车出了事故的消息，故选A。20．句意：我多么感激自己错过了火车啊！hopeful有希望的；thankful感激的；careful小心的；painful疼痛的。根据“I missed the train”和下文可知，作者对自己错过火车是感激的，故选B。三、阅读理解Did you remember some unforgettable things that happened around you? Have you ever seen a fire? What will you do if there is a fire? Will you shout for help? Or will you just stay there but do nothing? Many people are too afraid to do something when there is a fire. But in fact, this is wrong.Last Sunday evening my parents went out for a walk with my sister. But I studied alone at home because I would have an English test. Suddenly, I saw bright light in my neighbor’s kitchen. I thought he was cooking so I went on studying.Soon, there was a terrible smell in the air and I thought something was wrong. I went out and saw fire coming out of my neighbor’s kitchen. So I shouted “Fire! Fire!” But no one heard or came out.I ran quickly into my house to call 119, and then I rang my neighbor’s doorbell, knocked at the door, but there was no response. I got into the house through the window and found my neighbor sleeping in his bedroom. I woke him up and we rushed out of the house together.We tried our best to pour water through the kitchen window, but the fire was too heavy. Luckily, the firemen came and put out the fire quickly. When my parents came back, they found I was dirty and tired. After my neighbor told them the whole story, they were happy and said I was a brave boy.21．The writer didn’t go out for a walk with his parents because ________.A．his parents only liked his sister B．he would have an English classC．he had to study for an English test D．there was a fire in his neighbor’s kitchen22．The underlined word “response” can be replaced by ________.A．result B．answer C．question D．key23．________ put out the fire at last.A．The writer B．The writer’s parents C．The writer’s neighbor D．The firemen24．According to passage, which of the following is TRUE?A．The writer’s neighbor was sleeping when the fire started.B．No one helped the writer’s neighbor put out the fire.C．The fire happened last Friday evening.D．The writer’s parents were angry when they knew what had happened.25．The passage mainly tells ________.A．how to put out a fire B．my neighbor was a brave manC．I saved my neighbor from the fire D．I studied for a test at home【答案】21．C    22．B    23．D    24．A    25．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者独自一人在家学习，邻居家失火，作者救出正在睡觉的邻居的勇敢故事。21．细节理解题。根据“Last Sunday evening my parents went out for a walk with my sister. But I studied alone at home because I would have an English test.”可知作者没有出去是为了备考英语，故选C。22．词义猜测题。根据“I got into the house through the window and found my neighbor sleeping in his bedroom”可猜测作者按门铃和敲门，邻居因为睡着了没有听见，所以没有回答，故选B。23．细节理解题。根据“the firemen came and put out the fire quickly”可知最后消防员扑灭了火，故选D。24．细节理解题。根据“I got into the house through the window and found my neighbor sleeping in his bedroom”可知发生火灾时邻居正在卧室睡觉，故选A。25．主旨大意题。根据文章可知文中作者讲述了邻居家发生火灾，可正在睡觉的邻居却浑然不知，是作者叫醒了他，逃了出来。故选C。