人教新目标 (Go for it) 版八年级下册Unit 1 What’s the matter?Section B精品同步训练题

这是一份人教新目标 (Go for it) 版八年级下册Unit 1 What’s the matter?Section B精品同步训练题，文件包含同步讲义人教版英语八年级下册-Unit2课时4SectionB2a-2e学案docx、同步讲义人教版英语八年级下册-Unit2课时4SectionB2a-2e教案docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共24页， 欢迎下载使用。
Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.
课时1 Section B（2a-2e）
Learning aims:
1. 熟练掌握并运用重点单词及短语：letter, Miss, disabled, blind, deaf, imagine, difficulty, open, door, carry, train, excited, training, kindness, clever, understand, change, set up, make a difference。
2. 阅读短文，获得相关信息，提高自己的综合阅读能力。

重点词汇和短语
1. _______________ n. 信件；函；字母
2. _______________ n. 女士；小姐
3. _______________ adj. 丧失能力的；有残疾的
4. _______________ adj. 盲的；失明的；盲目的
5. _______________ adj. 聋的
6. _______________ v. 想象；设想
7. _______________ n. 困难；难题
8. _______________ v. 开；打开
9. _______________ n. 门
10. _______________ v. 拿；提；扛；携带；搬运
11. _______________ v. 训练；培训
12. _______________ adj. 激动的；兴奋的
13. _______________ n. 训练；培训
14. _______________ n. 仁慈；善良；亲切；善意
15. _______________ adj. 聪明的；聪颖的；机灵的
16. _______________ v. 理解；领会；懂
17. _______________ v. & n. 变化；改变
答案：
1. letter 2. Miss 3. disabled 4. blind 5. deaf
6. imagine 7. difficulty 8. open 9. door 10. carry 11. train
12. excited 13. training 14. kindness 15. clever 16. understand 17. change

1. I fixed it up. 我把它修理好了。
fix up意为＂修理；修补＂，是由＂动词+副词＂构成的短语动词，名词作宾语可放在短语中间或短语后面。代词作宾语时应置于fix与up之间。学科*网
☞ The computer doesn’t work. Can you fix it up? 这台电脑坏了，你会修理吗?
【易混辨析】
repair
表示使受到一定损坏或失灵的
东西恢复其性能或机能，其对
象范围很广，从道路、机器到
日常用品等
mend
常表示修补破损的东西，使其
恢复原样，一般指较小的物品。
如：mend the shoes/the windows等
2. set up建立；设立
☞ Many volunteers would like to set up an organization to help poor people. 许多志愿者想设立一个机构来帮助穷人。
【易混辨析】 set up与build
set up
意为＂建立，设立，开办＂，后常接某一组织、机构、团体等。
build
意为＂建造，修建＂，后常接建筑物、机械等。
【一语辨异】They set up an organization to help the poor build houses. 他们设立了一个组织来帮助穷人建造房子。
【知识拓展】
set up也可意为＂竖立，架起，建起＂。
☞ They are going to set up a bridge between the two islands. 他们打算在这两个岛之间架起一座桥梁。
3. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky. 你帮助我, 使我能够拥有Lucky。
（1）句中make是使役动词，意为＂使；使成为＂，后常跟复合结构，即＂make+宾语+宾语补足语(形容词)＂。☞ Computers make it easy to learn English. 电脑使英语学习变得容易。
（2）句中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后置的动词不定式复合结构for me to have Lucky。
【知识拓展】
it作形式宾语的用法
（1）当不定式作宾语，且其后有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，而将动词不定式置于句末。
☞ We find it important to learn English well. 我们发现学好英语很重要。
（2）常跟it作形式宾语的动词有：make/find/feel/consider/think等。
①互联网使人们购物更加容易。
The Internet _____________ _____________ easier for people _____________ _____________.
②他认为在这么短的时间内完成这项工作很难。
He thinks _____________ difficult _____________ _____________ the work in such a short time.
③我发现和朋友网上聊天很有趣。
I find _____________ interesting _____________ _____________ online with friends.
【答案】①makes it；to shop　②it；to finish　③it；to chat
4. make a difference 有影响，有作用
其后可跟to sb /sth，意为＂对某人或某事产生影响＂。
☞ The recent talk between Tom and his parents made a big difference to him.
最近汤姆和他父母之间的一次谈话对他产生了很大的影响。
【知识拓展】
make no difference 没有作用，没有影响
☞ It makes no difference to me. 这对我没什么影响。
5. imagine v. 想象；设想
（1）imagine可用作及物动词，后加名词、代词、动名词或从句作宾语。
☞ We often imagine living in a big house. 我们经常想象住在一所大房子里。
☞ Close your eyes and imagine (that) you’re in the forest. 闭上眼睛，想象你在森林里。
【巧记口诀】
巧记后接动名词的词
特殊动词接动名，使用它们要记清。
放弃（give up）享受（enjoy）可后悔（regret），
坚持（keep）练习（practice）必完成（finish）。
延期（put off） 建议（advise）勿介意（mind），
掌握它们今必行。
（2）imagine可用作不及物动词。
☞ He became very angry after he knew the truth. It is very easy to imagine. 知道真相后，他很生气。这很容易想象得到。
The Internet is so closely connected with our daily life. Can you _____________ a life without it?
A. understand B. imagine C. consider D. expect
【答案】B

6. Most people would never think about this, but many people have these difficulties. 大多数人从没考虑过这一点，但是许多人有这样的困难。
difficulty此处用作可数名词，通常用作复数形式，表示具体概念，意为＂困难；难题；难事＂，其形容词形式为difficult，意为困难的。
☞ There are lots of children with reading difficulties. 有很多存在阅读困难的儿童。
☞ He met with many difficulties when traveling. 他在旅行中遇到了许多困难。
【知识拓展】
difficulty表示抽象意义上的＂困难＂时，是不可数名词，have difficulty (in) doing sth表示＂做某事有困难＂，＝have trouble (in) doing sth
☞ I had great difficulty (in) finishing the task. 完成这项任务我觉得很困难。
7. I can’t use my arms or legs well, so normal things like answering the telephone, opening and closing doors, or carrying things are difficult for me. 因为我不能灵活地使用胳膊和腿, 因此像接电话、开关门或提东西等这些正常的事对我来说都很困难。
（1）句中like作介词，意为＂像；如同＂，后接名词或动词-ing形式作宾语。
☞ I have many hobbies, like painting, dancing, collecting stamps and so on. 我有许多爱好，像画画、跳舞、集邮等。
（2）carry作动词，意为＂拿；提；扛＂，后接名词作宾语。
☞ Let me help you carry the box. 让我来帮你提箱子吧。
【易混辨析】 bring/take/carry/fetch/get
（1）bring意为＂带来；拿来＂，指把人或物从别处带到说话人所在的地方。
☞ Please bring the homework to me tomorrow. 明天请把作业给我带来。
（2）take意为＂拿走；取＂，指把人或物从说话人所在地带到别处去。
☞ Take an umbrella with you, please. 请随身带把伞。
（3）carry无方向性，含＂负重＂之意，一般指随身携带，如手提、肩扛等。
（4）fetch指从说话者所在地到别处去把人或物带回来。
（5）get与fetch同义，但更口语化。
【图解助记】

8. He put up some signs asking for old bikes... 他张贴了一些海报求购旧自行车……
（1）put up意为＂张贴；搭建＂，是＂动词+副词＂构成的短语动词，名词作宾语时既可置于短语之间又可置于短语后面。
☞ Many blocks of flats were put up in the 1990’s. 许多公寓式建筑群都是20世纪90年代建的。
（2）代词作宾语时应置于短语中间。
☞ Here are some new pictures. Please put them up on the wall. 这儿有几张新画，请把它们贴到墙上去。
这儿是一些＂禁止吸烟＂的标识。咱们把它们贴到墙上吧。
Here are some signs saying ＂No smoking＂. Let’s _____________ _____________ _____________ on the wall.
【答案】put them up　
9. The ideas that he came up with worked out fine. 他想出的主意效果非常好。
work out意为＂产生结果；发展；成功＂。可以单独使用。
☞ I think that this interesting program will work out. 我认为这个有趣的方案将会成功。
☞ The plan worked out badly. 计划进行很不成功。学科*网
【知识拓展】
work out的其他含义
（1）算出/做出
☞ The math problem is too difficult. I can’t work it out. 这道数学题太难了，我不能算出来。
（2）解决
☞ She worked out the problem with his help. 在他的帮助下，她解决了这个问题。
（3）制定
☞ We worked out a plan very soon. 我们很快就制订出一项计划。
【注意】 work out是动副结构，代词作宾语时，应放在work out中间。
知识点10 be excited about的用法
教材原文 I love animals and I was excited about the idea of having a dog.我爱动物,我对拥有一只狗的想法兴奋不已.
be excited about 是固定搭配,意为“因······而兴奋不已”,其中excited作形容词,意为“感到兴奋的”.
We were excited about the good news.我们因那则好消息而兴奋不已
拓展同根词
Excite v.使激动;使兴奋
Excited adj.激动的;兴奋的 常用来修饰人
Exciting adj.令人激动的;令人兴奋的 常用来修饰事或物
Excitement n.激动;兴奋
The news of the victory excited everybody.胜利的消息使每个人都兴奋.
He was excited to hear the news.他听到那则消息感到很激动.
The football match we watched last Sunday was very exciting.我们上个星期天看的足球赛很令人兴奋.
The children shouted in excitement.孩子们兴奋地大声喊叫.
例8(2020吉林长春农安五中月考)He was_________ about that_________ news.
A. exciting; excited
B. excited; exciting
C. excited; excited
D. exciting; exciting
解析 句意:他对那个激动人心的消息感到兴奋.exciting“令人激动的”;excited“感到兴奋的”.第一空修饰主语He,用excited,第二空修饰不可数名词news,用exciting.故答案选B.

一、单项选择
1．The Internet makes it possible for people __________ things online.
A．buy B．to buy C．buying D．to buying
【答案】B
【详解】句意：互联网使人们可以在网上购买东西。考查非谓语动词。本句中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式，make it possible for sb. to do sth. 意为“使做某事对某人来说成为可能”。故选B。
2．These days, it is popular to __________ old clothes to the second-hand store.
A．give away B．give out C．give up D．give back
【答案】A
【详解】句意：如今，把旧衣服捐赠到二手商店很受欢迎。
考查动词短语辨析。give away捐赠；give out分发；give up放弃；give back归还。根据“old clothes to the second-hand store.”可知，是指将旧衣服捐赠到二手店。故选A。
3．—Did you read the book last year?
—Yes, and I think it’s very ________. I want to read it again.
A．boring B．exciting C．bored D．excited
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你去年读过这本书吗？——是的，我认为这很令人兴奋。我想再读一遍。考查形容词辨析。boring无聊的，修饰物；exciting令人兴奋的，修饰物；bored感到无聊的，修饰人；excited兴奋的，修饰人。由“I want to read it again.”可知书很好，应该是令人兴奋，且修饰物。故选B。
4．We felt so ________ after we watched the ________ movie an hour ago.
A．excited; excited B．exciting; exciting C．excited; exciting D．exciting; excited
【答案】C
【详解】句意：在我们一小时前看过这场令人激动的电影之后，我们都感到非常激动。
考查形容词辨析。exciting令人激动的，常用来修饰事物；excited感到激动兴奋的，常用来修饰人。分析句子结构可知，第一个空形容词作表语，主语是“We”表示人，后半句形容词作定语，主要修饰名词“movie”，movie电影，是个事物。故选C。
5．—Tom won the tennis game last Sunday.
—It’s hard to ________ a boy with only one arm can play tennis so well.
A．imagine B．expect C．wonder D．plan
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——上周日汤姆赢了网球比赛。——很难想象只有一只胳膊的一个男孩能打网球打得这么好。
考查动词词义辨析。imagine“ 想象”；expect“期望”；wonder “想知道”；plan“计划”。根据“It’s hard to…a boy with only one arm can play tennis so well.”可知，很难想象Tom打网球这么好。故选A。
二、用所给单词适当形式填空
6．—I’m ________ (excite) about Huawei’s new smartphones. Do you know when they will come out?
—Next month.
【答案】excited
【详解】句意：——我对华为的新智能手机感到很兴奋。——你知道他们什么时候上市吗？——下个月。空处应填形容词作表语，excite“使兴奋”，动词，形容词为excited，be excited about“对……感到兴奋”。故填excited。
7．He has become a great artist because of hard work and________(imagine).
【答案】imagination
【详解】句意：由于努力工作和想象力，他已经成为一名伟大的艺术家。and前后词性和形式要保持一致，and前“hard work”是名词，所以这里也是名词，imagine名词是imagination。故填imagination。
8．People used to imagine ________ (fly) up to the moon. But now it’s not a dream.
【答案】flying
【详解】句意：人们过去常常想象飞上月球。但现在它不是一个梦。imagine doing sth表示“想象做某事”，动词fly的动名词为flying。故填flying。
9．Can you find any _______ (different) between the two pictures?
【答案】differences
【详解】句意：你能发现这两张照片有什么不同吗？根据“any”可知空格处缺少可数名词复数或不可数名词，different的名词形式是difference，且是可数名词，复数形式是differences，故填differences。
10．He was too tied __________ (carry) the heavy bags.
【答案】to carry
【详解】句意：他太累了以致不能提起那些沉重的袋子。carry“提，搬”，动词。根据“ too tied...(carry) the heavy bags”可知，此处为too...to...结构，意为“太……以致不能”，故用动词不定式作结果状语。故填to carry。
三、完形填空
Volunteers are probably some of the most overlooked(被忽视的) people. But no activity would carry on (进行) successfully without hard-working volunteers. This month, I ___11___ at the Color Run in Melbourne. Although I didn’t have as much fun as the runners, I still learned a lesson.
My job was to give a high-five(举手击掌) to every runner at the finish line. ___12___, we saw it as a simple task(任务). When the first runner passed, we reached out our ___13___ and shouted “Good job” excitedly.
However, as more and more people crossed the finish line and clapped their hands with mine, my arm got hurt. Terribly, it became ___14___ soon. Our clothes were all wet because of the sweat and we felt tired. But soon we saw a group of kids ___15___ towards us-they were about 6 years old. ___16___ they could hardly catch their breath , they still kept going with big smiles ___17___ their faces. They put up their hands and said, “high- five”. I was quite touched. They were so young, and they refused to ___18___, though. Suddenly, I felt myself be full of strength(能量). I clapped their hands and shouted, “Well done, little guys!”
That is the meaning of being a volunteer. It is never an easy job. However, we meet different people and see the spirit that touches us. Even if such ___19___ is not often found in daily life, it can help us _____20_____ a lot when we do it once in a while(偶尔).
11．A．volunteer B．volunteered C．will volunteer D．volunteers
12．A．As a result B．At last C．In the end D．At the beginning
13．A．head B．ears C．hands D．legs
14．A．worse B．worst C．better D．best
15．A．runing B．to run C．running D．ran
16．A．But B．Although C．However D．For
17．A．in B．on C．at D．of
18．A．give out B．give off C．give up D．give away
19．A．spirit B．job C．meaning D．idea
20．A．give B．encourage C．touch D．learn
【答案】
11．B    12．D    13．C    14．A    15．C    16．B    17．B    18．C    19．A    20．D
【导语】文章介绍了作者本月在当墨尔本彩色跑志愿者中遇到的一些事，指出了成为一名志愿者的意义所在，比如“决不放弃”的精神。
11．句意：本月，我在墨尔本彩色跑中当了志愿者。
volunteer志愿做，动词原形，一般现在时；volunteered志愿做，一般过去时；will volunteer志愿做，一般将来时；volunteers志愿做，动词三单形，一般现在时。根据“This month”及下文“Although I didn’t have as much fun as the runners, I still learned a lesson.”时态可知，此处用一般过去时，描述过去发生的事情。故选B。
12．句意：起初，我们把它视为一项简单的任务。
As a result结果；At last最后；In the end最后；At the beginning起初。根据第二段“When the first runner passed”和第三段“However, as more and more people crossed the finish line and clapped their hands with mine, my arm got hurt. ”可知本句描写作者刚开始志愿工作的情形。故选D。
13．句意：当第一位跑步者跑过时，我们伸出手并兴奋地大叫“好样的”。
head头；ears耳朵；hands手；legs腿。根据第二段“My job was to give a high-five(举手击掌) to every runner”可知是举手击掌。故选C。
14．句意：可怕的是，情况变得更糟糕了。
worse更糟糕的；worst最糟糕的；better更好的；best最好的。根据第三段“However, as more and more people crossed the finish line and clapped their hands with mine, my arm got hurt.”和“Our clothes were all wet because of the sweat and we felt tired. ”可知，我们的手臂比之前变得更糟糕了。故选A。
15．句意：但是很快，我们看见了一群孩子跑向我们—他们大约6岁。
runing语法错误；to run跑步，run的不定式结构；running跑步，run的现在分词形式；ran跑步，run的过去式。本句中“saw”为动词see的过去式，固定搭配see sb. doing sth意为看见某人正在做某事，本句中应该用run的现在分词running。故选C。
16．句意：虽然他们几乎都快不能呼吸了，但是他们脸上仍然带着大大的笑容，坚持跑着。
But但是；Although虽然；However虽然；For因为。根据本句逗号前面部分“they could hardly catch their breath”和逗号后面部分“ they still kept going with big smiles”可知，这里应该填一个含有让步意思的连词，故Although符合题意。故选B。
17．句意：虽然他们几乎都快不能呼吸了，但是他们脸上仍然带着大大的笑容，坚持跑着。
in在……里；on在……上；at在……方面；of属于。根据空前“big smiles”和空后“their faces”可知大大的笑和脸的关系是：大大的笑在脸上，通常用介词on，不用其它介词。故选B。
18．句意：他们虽然很小，但是他们绝不放弃。
give out分发；give off散发出；give up放弃；give away泄露。根据本句“They were so young, and they refused to”可知，词组give up“放弃”最能符合此处对孩子们状态的描述。故选C。
19．句意：即使这样的精神在日常生活中不常见，偶尔我们做一次志愿者，它能帮我们学到许多东西。
spirit精神；job工作；meaning意思；idea主意。根据最后一段“However, we meet different people and see the spirit that touches us. ”可知，此处指的是一种精神，这种精神让我们学到许多东西。故选A。
20．句意：即使这样的精神在日常生活中不常见，偶尔我们做一次志愿者，它能帮我们学到许多东西。
give给；encourage鼓励；touch感动；learn学习。根据第一段“Although I didn’t have as much fun as the runners, I still learned a lesson.”句中用了learn，此处，文章结尾可以继续使用这个词，和文章开头相呼应。故选D。
四、阅读理解
Qin Tian, 26, returned from Britain to her hometown of Xiangyang, Hubei Province, for the Spring Festival. And she stayed to help in the fight against COVID-19.
Since January 24, she has collected and given out aid (救援物资) with many volunteers. Between January and March, the most difficult time for medical workers, Qin wore plastic bags so that she could work for 10 hours.
Every morning, Qin helped distribute aid to hospitals, communities and the people in need. In the afternoon she communicated with people to get the latest information about the need. Sometimes, Qin and her father took turns driving the family car to bring aid from another city. They needed to drive for about eight hours for a round trip. It was often 11 p.m. or 4 a.m. when the aid arrived. After arriving, Qin would then help unload (卸) the aid. She took a rest in the office for four or five hours a day, with scabs (痂) on her shoulders. The scabs were from unloading the aid.
Nowadays, everything returns to normal. She hands out daily necessary things to poor people. Those people thank her a lot.
Qin′s idea for volunteer work came from her mother. When she was in junior high school, her mother took her to many places to offer some help.
“The experience touched me a lot. I used to complain (抱怨) about life, such as the strict rules from my parents, but after learning many people were still living in difficulty, I realized that what I should do is to help those in need. Doing meaningful things makes me feel valued (有价值的) and I would like to give lots of my time to that,” she said.
21．When did Qin Tian begin to give out aid?
A．On March 24. B．On February 26. C．On April 26. D．On January 24.
22．The meaning of the underlined word “distribute” in Paragraph 3 is close to 　　　　.
A．give out B．give up C．clean up D．make up
23．Why were there scabs on Qin Tian′s shoulders?
A．Because of the skin disease. B．Because of the wet weather.
C．Because of the knife damage by mistake. D．Because of the hard unloading work.
24．Who made Qin Tian have the idea for volunteer work?
A．Her friend. B．Her teacher. C．Her father. D．Her mother.
25．From the passage we can know that Qin Tian 　　　　.
A．has quite a rich family B．is a kind and helpful girl
C．is a university student D．can make a lot of money
【答案】21．D    22．A    23．D    24．D    25．B
【分析】本文介绍了26岁的秦天从英国回到家乡湖北襄阳过春节。她留下来帮助对抗新型冠状病毒肺炎。她和数千名志愿者一起收集和分发援助物资。在最困难的时期，秦天穿着塑料袋作为防护服，目的是可以连续工作10个小时。
21．细节理解题。根据“Since January 24, she has collected and given out aid with many volunteers.”可知，秦天在1月24日就开始发放援助物资。故选D。
22．词义猜测题。由上文的“…given out aid with many volunteers”可知，distribute在这里相当于give out，意为“分发”。故选A。
23．细节理解题。根据“The scabs were from unloading the aid.”可知，这些痂是由卸援助物资造成的。故选D。
24．细节理解题。根据“Qin′s idea for volunteer work came from her mother.”可知，秦天的志愿工作的想法源于她的母亲。故选D。
25．推理判断题。根据“Since January 24, she has collected and given out aid (救援物资) with many volunteers.”及全文内容可知，秦天帮助人们运送和分发物资，可以推出她是一个善良、乐于助人的女孩。故选B。
五、补全对话
A: Hello! Can I help you?
B: Yes, I’d like to be a volunteer.
A: What kind of volunteer work would you like to do?
B: ____26____  
A: Oh, we need someone to help to teach kids to play basketball.
B: Sorry, I can’t play basketball.____27____ 
A: There is a job—cleaning up the parks. It’s every Saturday.
B: That’s not good. I have to help look after my little sister on Saturdays.
A: Oh, I see. Here is another job. ____28____ 
B: Sorry. I can’t even repair my own bicycle.
A: OK. Maybe this is a good one. Would you like to read to sick people in the hospital? You can do that any day you like.
B: ____29____ When could I start?  
A: How about today?
B: ____30____
A．Today is OK.
B．Any work is OK.
C．That sounds good.
D．I hope he can come.
E．Is there anything else?
F．How far is the hospital?
G．Do you know how to repair bicycles?
【答案】26．B    27．E    28．G    29．C    30．A
【分析】本文是A、B两个人之间的对话，B想要做志愿者工作，A给他建议做什么样的志愿者工作。最后，B同意在医院给病人读书。
26．根据“What kind of volunteer work would you like to do?”可知，此处回答想要做的志愿者工作，B项“任何工作都可以。”符合语境，故选B。
27．根据“Sorry, I can’t play basketball.”可知，我不会打篮球，因此询问有没有其他工作，E项“还有别的事吗？”符合语境，故选E。
28．根据“Sorry. I can’t even repair my own bicycle.”可知，此处是一般疑问句，询问他会修理自行车吗，G项“你知道怎么修理自行车吗？”符合语境，故选G。
29．根据“Would you like to read to sick people in the hospital? You can do that any day you like.”可知，此处对于给医院病人读书这个建议，回答自己的看法。C项“那听起来不错。”符合语境，故选C。
30．根据“How about today?”可知，此处回答今天就开始工作是否同意，A项“今天就可以。”符合语境，故选A。