初中英语人教新目标 (Go for it) 版八年级下册Section A优秀课时训练

这是一份初中英语人教新目标 (Go for it) 版八年级下册Section A优秀课时训练，文件包含同步讲义人教版英语八年级下册-Unit3课时1SectionA1a-2d教案docx、同步讲义人教版英语八年级下册-Unit3课时1SectionA1a-2d学案docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共18页， 欢迎下载使用。
Unit 3 Could you please clean your room？ 课时1 Section A（1a-2d）Learning aims:1.掌握以下单词和短语： rubbish，fold, sweep, floor, mess, throw, take out the rubbish, sweep the floor, make the bed, fold the clothes等。2.掌握could的基本用法，会用它来表达请求或征求许可及其应答语。3.掌握以下句型：—Could I / you please..? —Yes, sure. / Sorry, I can’t…重点词汇和短语1. _______________ n. 垃圾；废弃物2. _______________ v. 折叠；对折3. _______________ v. 扫；打扫4. _______________ n. 地板5. _______________ n. 杂乱；不整洁6. ___________________________ 倒垃圾答案：1. rubbish 2. fold 3. sweep 4. floor 5. mess    6. take out the rubbish1. Could you please sweep the floor? 请你扫一下地好吗? 此处情态动词could并非表示过去时态，而是表示委婉语气，后跟动词原形表达有礼貌地请求或请求允许做某事。表示请求时与please连用会使语气更加委婉。☞ Could I watch TV? 我可以看电视吗? ☞ —Could you please give me a piece of paper? 请你给我一张纸好吗？—Sure. Here you are. 当然可以。给你。【知识拓展】1. 常见表示委婉请求做某事的句型及其答语委婉请求：Could you please+do sth? Could you + do sth? Would you please + do sth? Would you + do sth? 肯定回答：Sure. / Of course. / No problem. / I’d love to.  否定回答：Sorry. / Sorry, I can’t. / I’d love to, but...2. Could you please...? 句型的否定结构是在please后加not。☞ Could you please not make noises? 请你不要制造噪音好吗？①——请你叠一下衣服好吗？ ——是的，当然可以。—______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ the clothes? —Yes, ______________.  ②——请你洗一下餐具好吗？——对不起，我得做作业。—______________ you please ______________ the dishes? —______________. I have to do my homework. 【答案】①Could you please fold；sure  ②Could；do；Sorry2. Peter, could you please take out the rubbish? 彼得，请你把垃圾倒掉好吗? take out意为＂带出去；取出；拿出；除掉＂，是由＂动词+副词＂构成的动词短语，名词作宾语时放在out前后都可以，代词作宾语时必须将其放在out前。☞ Please take out a piece of paper. =Please take a piece of paper out. 请拿出一张纸来。☞ Please take it out. 请把它取出来。学&科网【知识拓展】 常见take构成的短语①字典在我的书包里。我马上拿出来。The dictionary is in my schoolbag. I’ll ______________ ______________ ______________.  ②天气很热。请脱下你的外套吧。It’s very hot. Please ______________ ______________ your coat.  【答案】①take it out  ②take off3. 做家务的短语表达教材原文 Could you please sweep the floor 请你扫一下地好吗?本句中的sweep the floor 意为“扫地”.其中sweep是动词,意为“扫;打扫”,其过去式和过去分词都是sweptMy mother is sweeping the floor at the moment.我妈妈这会儿正在扫地拓展 和“家务劳动＂有关的短语有:take out the rubbish/trash 倒垃圾rubbish(英式);trash(美式)fold one's clothes 叠衣服sweep the floor 扫地clean the room 打扫房间make one's/the bed 铺床do the dishes 洗餐具＝wash the dishes例3 He picked up the broom to help me________.A. do the dishesB. make the bedC. fold his clothesD. sweep the floor解析 句意:他拿起扫帚帮我扫地.根据前面提到的broom可知是要扫地,故选D.4. And she won’t be happy if she sees this mess. 如果她看到这样不整洁，她会不高兴的。mess常用可数名词单数形式，意为＂杂乱；不整洁＂。☞ ＂What a mess!＂she said after the party. 聚会后她说：＂真是一片狼藉！＂【知识拓展】in a mess 乱七八糟make a mess弄脏；搞成一团糟☞ He found his room in a mess. 他发现自己的房间乱七八糟。☞ The kids made a mess in the living room. 孩子们把客厅搞得一塌糊涂。 一、单项选择1．Tony, look at the books! What a ________! Put them away!A．mess B．result C．place D．floor【答案】A【详解】句意：Tony，看这些书，太乱了，请把它们整理一下。考查名词辨析。mess杂乱；result结果；place地方；floor地板。根据“Put them away!”可知，书很乱。what a mess“真是一团糟”。故选A。2．—Could you ________ tomorrow? I have something to tell you. —OK, I will.A．come about B．come by C．come off D．come over【答案】D【详解】句意：——你明天能过来吗？我有点事要跟你说。——-好的，我会来。考查动词短语词义辨析。come about发生；come by走过；come off 从……掉落；come over顺便来访。根据“I have something to tell you.”可知，问话人有点事要跟对方说。委婉地请求别人做某事时常用句型：Could you (please) do sth?“你可以做什么吗？”选项D“顺便来访”符合语境，此处指问话人邀请对方来访。故选D。3．—Would you mind __________ me your dictionary?—Certainly not. Here you are.A．to borrow B．borrowing C．to lend D．lending【答案】D【详解】句意：——你介意把你的字典借给我吗？——当然不介意。给你。考查动词辨析以及非谓语动词。borrow借入；lend借出。根据“me your dictionary”及“Here you are”可知，请求对方把字典借给自己，lend sb sth“把某物借给某人”，mind doing sth“介意做某事”，动名词作宾语，故选D。4．—Could I ________ your bike? —Sure. But you mustn’t ________ it to others.A．lend; lend B．lend; borrowC．borrow; lend D．borrow; borrow【答案】C【详解】句意：——我可以借用一下你的自行车吗？——当然可以。但是你一定不要把它借给其他人。考查动词辨析。lend借出；borrow借入。第一空表示我借来你的自行车，用borrow；第二空表示不可以把它借出去，用lend。故选C。5．—Could you please clean the living room? —Sorry, I ________. I’m doing my homework.A．can’t B．couldn’t C．shouldn’t D．won’t【答案】A【详解】句意：——请你打扫一下客厅好吗？——对不起，我不能。我在做作业。考查情态动词。can’t不可以，不能；couldn’t不能，could是can的过去式；shouldn’t不应该；won’t将不。Could you please…表示请求，不同意，回答要用can表示，否定用can’t，故选A。二、用所给单词适当形式填空6．When I came in, I saw him ________（help）Li Ming ________（sweep）the floor.【答案】     helping     sweep##to sweep【详解】句意：当我进来时，我看见他在帮李明扫地。根据“When I came in, I saw him”可知，进来时看见他正在帮助别人，see sb doing sth“看见某人正在做某事”；help sb (to) do sth“帮助某人做某事”，故填helping；(to) sweep。7．Our teacher asked Jim ________ (angry) why he was late for school again.【答案】angrily【详解】句意：我们的老师生气地质问吉姆为什么上学又迟到了。原句缺少副词修饰动词asked，所以所给词angry应变为副词angrily，意为“生气地”。故填angrily。8．Linda is a careful girl. She hates ________ (make) mistakes.【答案】to make##making【详解】句意：琳达是一个细心的女孩。她讨厌犯错误。hate to do sth=hate doing sth“讨厌做某事”，是固定短语，此处应用不定式或动名词形式，故填to make/making。9．—Could you please ________ (not smoke) in the room? —Oh, I’m sorry.【答案】not smoke【详解】句意：——请你不要在房间里抽烟好吗？——哦，对不起。Could为情态动词，后应用动词原形，not置于Could后、实义动词smoke前，故填not smoke。10．Emma ________ (throw) her schoolbag on the sofa and went into her room.【答案】threw【详解】句意：艾玛把书包扔在沙发上，走进了自己的房间。and并列两部分，动词要保持一致，结合“went”可知，此处的动词也用过去式，故填threw。 三、完形填空When I was a little child, I learned many kinds of skills (技巧). I learned how to do ____11____ around the house, some first aid (急救) and outdoor survival (生存) skills. There’s one skill that’s really ____12____ in everyday life—basic home repair (家庭基础维修). Being able to take care of repairs around the house is very satisfying. It might be difficult ____13____, but when you know more about your tools, it becomes easier. For example, I had some problems with the showerhead (淋浴喷头) in my ____14____ a few days ago. I didn’t call a repairman to replace (替换) it—who knows how much money the repairman would want me to ____15____ it? So I bought a new showerhead and replaced it ____16____. The task was so simple that it only took me several ____17____. As I fixed the new showerhead on, I ____18____ a sense of achievement. Of course, there are lots of repairs that are more difficult. My brother, for example, has repaired the TV set in his house many times. With the help of online instructional videos, he has ____19____ thousands of dollars in the repairman fee (费用) over the years. Skills like these not only save us money, but more importantly, make us more independent and confident. Doing chores around your house is easier than you ____20____.11．A．sports B．chores C．homework D．dinner12．A．awful B．careful C．successful D．useful13．A．at last B．at least C．at first D．at all14．A．library B．office C．bedroom D．bathroom15．A．pay for B．look for C．wait for D．care for16．A．ourselves B．himself C．myself D．themselves17．A．minutes B．months C．weeks D．years18．A．smelt B．felt C．became D．tasted19．A．wasted B．spent C．made D．saved20．A．collect B．decide C．think D．choose【答案】11．B    12．D    13．C    14．D    15．A    16．C    17．A    18．B    19．D    20．C【导语】本文介绍了作者从小学习生活方面的基本技能。他认为诸如此类的技能不仅可以为我们节省金钱，而且可以使我们更加独立和自信。11．句意：我学习在家里做家务，急救措施以及户外生存技能。sports运动；chores家务；homework作业；dinner晚餐。根据上文“... I learned many kinds of skills.”可知，作者在小时候学了很多的技能。do chores意为“做家务”，属于生活技能之一。故选B。12．句意：其中一项技能在日常生活中十分实用——家庭基础维修。awful糟糕的；careful小心的；successful成功的；useful实用的。根据常识可知，掌握家庭基础维修技能是非常实用的。故选D。13．句意：起初可能会有些难度，但是当你了解多一点你的工具，就变简单了。at last最终；at least至少；at first起初；at all（否定句）根本，究竟。根据下文“... but when you know more about your tools, it becomes easier.”可知，了解得越多，越容易，所以在最开始可能是有些困难的。故选C。14．句意：比如，几天前我浴室里的淋浴喷头出了些问题。library图书馆；office办公室；bedroom卧室；bathroom浴室。根据上文“I had some problems with the showerhead ...”可知，淋雨喷头出现在浴室中。故选D。15．句意：我并没有叫修理工来替换它——谁知道修理工会要我付多少钱呢？pay for支付；look for寻找；wait for等待；care for关心，照顾。根据“I didn’t call a repairman to replace (替换) it”可知请修理工需要支付金钱。故选A。16．句意：所以我买了个淋浴喷头，自己换上了。ourselves我们自己；himself他自己；myself我自己；themselves他们自己。根据“So I bought a new showerhead and”可知作者没有请修理工，是自己换了淋浴喷头。故选C。17．句意：这项任务很轻松，只花了几分钟。minutes分钟；months月；weeks星期；years年。根据“The task was so simple that ”可推测作者用简单来描述这项任务，所以应只花了几分钟就完成了。故选A。18．句意：当我换上新的淋浴喷头，我感受到了成就感。smelt闻；felt感受；became成为；tasted品尝。根据“a sense of achievement.”可知作者完工后，成就感油然而生，是切身体会，应使用felt感受。故选B。19．句意：在网上教学视频的帮助下，他这些年节省了几千块请修理工的费用。wasted浪费；spent花费；made做；saved节省。根据上文“With the help of online instructional videos, ...”可知，他都是在网上学习，没有请修理工，所以费用都节约下来了。故选D。20．句意：在家里做家务比你想得要简单。collect收集；decide决定；think认为；choose选择。纵观全文，作者对于类似技能都抱有一种积极的态度，只要稍下功夫，就能学会。所以做家务比想得要容易。故选C。四、阅读理解A woman named Mrs. Wang told us a story about her son that happened in Berlin. She said she experienced the true story herself.One very cold morning, Mrs. Wang was playing with her son Kang in the park from eight to ten thirty, when it was fine. She felt very tired and had a short rest. While her son went to play with a German boy called James taking a paper plane. A moment later, Kang came back with a toy car in his hand. She was surprised to ask Kang what happened. Kang told her that James liked his paper plane very much and changed his paper plane with his own toy car. She was amazed, because she knew the toy car cost about thirty dollars. It’s ten times as expensive as the paper plane. She had to take her son to meet James’ mother, Mrs. Smith, in order to prove that her son didn’t tell a lie .After knowing why Mrs. Wang looked for her, she said, “Since your son liked it, the toy car belonged to him. I will take him to the toy shop to find out the price of the toy car instead of criticizing (批评) him. I want to make him know how many paper planes can a toy car cost. Then he won’t do the same silly thing next time.”The Germany mother Mrs. Smith respected her son’s choice, and neither stopped his ideas. She came up with a good step to lead her son to find what’s wrong and right and what to do next. This is what most of the teachers and parents should do in China. Every kid must experience some difficulties and failures in their life. We’d better help them find their mistakes and the ways to solve and face them. So we need some educational ways to educate our kids.21．The story happened in ________.A．Germany B．America C．China D．England22．The story might happen in ________.A．summer B．winter C．autumn D．spring23．The paper plane is about ________ dollars .A．thirty B．twenty C．ten D．three24．What’s main idea of the third paragraph?A．Mrs. Smith was very angry with her son.B．Mrs. Smith wanted to ask some money.C．Mrs. Smith would give her son an educational lesson.D．Mrs. Smith wanted Kang to give the toy car back to her son.25．Which of the following can be the best title of the story?A．Toy Car and Paper Plane B．Two MotherC．Two Boys D．A Different Education【答案】21．A    22．B    23．D    24．C    25．D【导语】本文主要介绍了王夫人讲述的一件发生在她儿子身上的故事，告诉我们需要一些教育方式教育我们的孩子。21．细节理解题。根据“Wang told us a story about her son that happened in Berlin”可知故事发生在德国。故选A。22．推理判断题。根据“One very cold morning”可知那天上午非常冷，可推知故事可能发生在冬天。故选B。23．细节理解题。根据“the toy car cost about thirty dollars. It’s ten times as expensive as the paper plane”可知这辆玩具车大约要30美元，它是纸飞机的十倍，可见纸飞机是3美元。故选D。24．主旨大意题。根据“I will take him to the toy shop to find out the price of the toy car instead of criticizing (批评) him. I want to make him know how many paper planes can a toy car cost. Then he won’t do the same silly thing next time”以及本段内容可知本段主要介绍了王夫人要给她儿子上一堂教育课。故选C。25．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了王夫人讲述的一件发生在她儿子身上的故事，告诉我们需要一些教育方式教育我们的孩子，以选项D“一个不同的教育”为标题最合适。故选D。五、补全对话A: __26__ B: Sorry, I’m going to work on it now. A: Well, could I watch TV? B: Yes, you can. __27__ A: What do you want me to do? B: Could you please sweep the floor? A: __28__ What other things must I do? B: __29__ A: OK. __30__A．I’ll do it right now.B．Could I use your computer?C．You must take out the rubbish.D．First you have to do some chores.E．No problem.【答案】26．B    27．D    28．E    29．C    30．A【导语】本文是A和B的对话，A想看电视，但是B安排A先做一些家务。26．根据“Sorry, I’m going to work on it now.”可知此处出现代词“it”，结合选项可知指电脑，故选项B“我能使用下你的电脑吗？”符合语境，故选B。27．根据“What do you want me to do?”可知上文应提出想让A做一些事情，故选项D“首先你必须做一些家务。”符合语境，故选D。28．根据“Could you please sweep the floor?”可知空格处需要对上文一般疑问句进行回答，结合选项可知E“没问题。”符合语境，故选E。29．根据“What other things must I do?”可知此处应是安排其他家务，故选项C“你必须倒垃圾。”符合语境，故选C。30．根据“OK.”可知此处表示“倒垃圾”没问题，故选项A“我立刻去做。”符合语境，故选A。