英语人教新目标 (Go for it) 版Section B精品练习

这是一份英语人教新目标 (Go for it) 版Section B精品练习，文件包含同步讲义人教版英语八年级下册-Unit5课时4SectionB2a-2e教案docx、同步讲义人教版英语八年级下册-Unit5课时4SectionB2a-2e学案docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共34页， 欢迎下载使用。
Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came？ 课时4  Section B（2a-2e）Learning aims:  To learn the new words: passage, pupil, completely, silence, recently, date, tower, truth.2.能用所学单词和句型讨论过去的事情。3.能从 文章标题和每段首句中获取信息。4.能运用when, while表达某动作、某事件发生的时间。重点词汇和短语1. _________________ n. 段落，章节2. _________________ n. 学生3. _________________ adv. 彻底地，完全地4. _________________ adj. 惊愕的；受震惊的5. _________________ n. 沉默；缄默；无声6. _________________ adv. 最近，不久前7. _________________ n. 恐怖分子；恐怖主义者8. _________________ n. 日期；日子9. _________________ n. 塔；塔楼10. _________________ n. 事实；实情11. ___________________________ 在……旁边12. ___________________________ 等待13. ___________________________ 经过14. ___________________________ 朝……走15. ___________________________ 沉默；无声16. ___________________________ 摧毁17. ___________________________ 做某事有困难1. People often remember what they were doing when they heard the news of important events in history.  人们常常记得当他们听到历史上的重大事件时他们在干什么。hear动词，意为＂听说＂。常用结构为：（1）hear sb do sth意为＂听见某人做某事＂。（2）hear sb doing sth意为＂听见某人正在做某事＂。（3）hear of /about sb / sth意为＂听说某人或某事＂。（4）hear from sb 意为＂收到某人的来信＂。（5）hear+that从句意为＂听说……＂。我们经常听到吉米在家里弹钢琴。We often _______________ Jimmy _______________ the piano at home. 2. On this day, Dr. Martin Luther King was killed. 在这一天，马丁﹒路德﹒金博士遇害了。本句中Dr. Martin Luther King是kill的承受者，此时要用被动语态。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。主要用法：（1）不知道动作的执行者是谁，或者没有必要或不想指出谁是动作的执行者要用被动语态。（2）强调动作的承受者，此时若想同时指出动作的执行者，可用＂by + 动作执行者＂来表示。一般过去时态的被动语态结构为＂was/were+及物动词的过去分词＂。☞ The house was built in 2001 (by us). 这房子是（我们）2001年建的。☞ The book was written by Mo Yan. 这本书是由莫言写的。☞ Some graduates were sent to mountain villages to teach children there. 一些大学毕业生被派往山村教那里的孩子们。The new railway _______________ in our hometown in 2013.A. was built B. is built C. has built3. Robert Allen is now over 50, but he was a school pupil at that time. 罗伯特﹒艾伦现在50多岁了，但那时他还是一个小学生。over相当于more than，表示＂多于……，越过……，不止……，在……以上＂。more than/over的反义词是less than。 ☞ There are over 800 students in our school. 我们学校有800多个学生。【知识拓展】　（1）over作介词时的用法：① 意为＂在……的上方＂，含有垂直在上的意思，其反义词是under。☞ There is a bridge over the river. 河上有座桥。② 意为＂蒙在……上，悬挂在……上＂。☞ The workers all wear thick clothes and glasses over their eyes.    工人们都穿着厚实的衣服,并且戴着眼镜。③ 意为＂在……的各部分，遍及……的各部分＂。☞ We have friends all over the world. 我们的朋友遍天下。 （2）over 用作副词时，意为＂结束，完了＂。☞ Classes are over at 4:30 in the afternoon. 下午四点半课就上完了。There is an old bridge _______________ the river. Be careful (小心) when you _______________ it.A. over；across   B. over；cross   C. on；cross D. on；across4. My parents did not talk after that, and we finished the rest of our dinner in silence. 在那之后，我的父母没有说话，我们默默地吃完了剩下的晚餐。（1）rest为名词，表示＂剩余部分；其余＂。常与the连用，既可指人，也可指物。常用结构为＂the rest of+名词＂。＂the rest of+复数名词＂作主语时，谓语动词用复数；＂the rest of + 不可数名词＂作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 ☞ The rest of the apples are yours. 剩下的苹果是你的。☞ The rest of the bread isn’t enough. 剩下的面包不够了。【知识拓展】　rest n. & v. 休息。☞ It’s time to have a rest. 到了休息的时间了。The rest of students in the classroom _______________ my classmates. A. is    B. are C. be D. am（2）silence n. 沉默；缄默；无声① silence是silent的名词形式，常用短语为in silence沉默，无声。☞ Nobody knew what to say and they just sat there in silence.     没有人知道说什么，他们只是默默地坐在那儿。☞ As night fell, everything was in silence. 当夜幕降临，一切都静悄悄的。☞ He looked at the boy in silence for some minutes. 他默默地盯着那个男孩看了好一会儿。② silent是silence的形容词形式，表示＂不说话的；沉默的＂。☞ The street was silent. 大街上很安静。【易混辨析】　silent与quietsilent着重指沉默无语或没有声音，但不一定指没有动作或活动。☞ That is a silent movie. 那是一部无声电影。☞ He is silent about what happened. 他对发生的事情保持沉默。quiet表示安静的、寂静的、平静的。指物时，表示没有喧闹或没有骚动，处于一种静止的状态或宁静的环境；指人时，表示不发出声音或不发表意见，也可指人的性格温和、文静、不易激动等。☞ He lives a quiet life in the country. 他在乡下过着悠闲的生活。☞ Can’t you keep the children quiet? 你能不能让孩子们保持安静？☞ Mary is a quiet girl. 玛丽是个文静的姑娘。【注意】表达＂安静＂或形容天气的＂温和＂、＂平静＂、＂寂静＂时，silent和quiet可互换。—Has Mike received his mother’s mail?—Yes, he signed for it _______________ this morning.A. in person B. in fact C. in silence5. More recently, most Americans remember what they were doing when the World Trade Center in New York was taken down by terrorists. 更近一些的，大多数美国人都记得纽约世贸中心被恐怖分子摧毁时他们在做什么。（1）recently adv. 不久前；最近☞ It happened recently. 它发生在最近。recently＝lately，意为＂最近＂。常指过去不久到现在的一段时间，和现在完成时连用。或指过去不久的某一时刻，和一般过去时连用。☞ I haven’t heard from her recently. 我最近没有收到她的来信。(＂have/has＋过去分词＂构成现在完成时)【知识拓展】　recently的形容词为recent，意为＂最近的；近来的＂。in recent years 在最近几年—Do you have a QQ friend?—Yes, I heard from my QQ friend in New York recently.A. now B. long long ago C. not long ago（2）most Americans大多数美国人，＂most+名词/most+of+名词＂作主语时，谓语动词单复数的形式取决于该结构中的名词。 ☞ Most students like English. 大多数学生喜欢英语。 ☞ Most of the apple has been eaten by rats. 那个苹果的大部分被老鼠吃了。He has lived here for about 20 years, so he has _______________ friends here.A.most of   B.lot of C.plenty of D.many of（3）take down表示＂拿下；拆卸；摧毁＂，was taken down by terrorists被恐怖分子摧毁，是一般过去时的被动语态。by表示＂被……＂，by后的名词是原主动语态的主语，是动作的执行者。☞ They held a meeting yesterday.=A meeting was held by them yesterday.他们昨天开会了。—When will the plane _______________?—In about fifteen minutes. A. take down   B. take away   C. take out D. take off 6. I didn’t believe him at first... 我最初不相信他……at first意为＂首先，最初＂，通常用于句首或句末，与后来发生的事情相对照，其反义短语为at last，意为＂最后，最终＂。☞ At first I didn’t want to go, but I soon changed my mind. 起初我不想去，可是不久我改变了主意。【易混辨析】at first与at the beginning同义，表示＂起初(但后来……)＂，与后来发生的事相对照。☞ At first I wasn’t sure if I could continue it. 起初我不确定能否继续经营下去。first of all与first同义，表示＂首先；最重要＂，说明顺序，后面常接next，then等。☞ First of all, open the window. 首先，打开窗户。Though my son failed the exam, _______________ he tried his best. I’m very proud of him.A. at first B. at last C. at most D. at least7. I looked out of the window and realized that it was true. 我往窗外看，意识到那是真的。（1）look out of the window 向窗外看☞ If you look out of the window, you’ll see her car. 如果你朝窗外看的话，你就可以看到她的车。【注意】look out表示＂当心，留神＂。☞ Look out! There is danger ahead. 当心！前面危险。After reading for an hour, you’d better _______________ the green trees for a minute or two.A. look out of B. look out atC. look out from D. look for at（2）true 为形容词，表示＂真的，真实的＂。truth是形容词true的名词形式，其副词是truly。to tell ( you ) the truth意为＂说实话；老实说＂，一般放在句首。☞ The news is true. 这消息是真的。学&科网☞ He told me the truth. And I truly believe it is true. 他把真相告诉了我。我确信那是真的。   ☞ To tell the truth, I fell in love with Shanghai when I got there. 老实说，一到上海，我就爱上了那里。【知识拓展】与to tell ( you ) the truth结构类似的插入语有：to be honest 坦白地说；to be sure 诚然； to start with＝to begin with 起初，开始时【易混辨析】real形容词，＂真的＂，指客观上存在，并非想象和虚构的，它是与＂假冒，无＂相对而言的。[来源:Zxxk.Com]☞ Let’s give him some real English food to eat. 让我们给他一些正宗的英国食品吃。true指故事、说法、答案等与标准事实、实际情况相符合，意为＂真的，真实的＂。true与＂编造的，虚假的＂相对，在句中作定语或表语。☞ It is true that she married that doctor. 她嫁给了那个医生，这是真的。truth是名词，指事情的真相或事实。☞ He cannot hide the truth. 他不能掩盖真相。—Is it _______________ that he missed the bus?—No, he didn’t tell the _______________. He was late because he got up late.A. true；truth   B. real；truth   C. true；reality D. real；reality8. I had trouble thinking clearly after that because I was very afraid. 我难以清楚地想起那以后的事，因为我很害怕。have trouble doing sth表示＂做某事有困难＂，相当于have problems/difficulty (in) doing sth，介词in可以省略，problems/difficulty/trouble前面可以加修饰词some，a little，great，no，a lot of等。☞ I have no difficulty in learning English well. 我在把英语学好上没有什么困难。☞ I have some trouble in reading her handwriting. 我认她的笔迹有些困难。☞ He has a lot of problems in buying a computer now. 他现在买电脑有好多困难。—Mr. Wang, I have trouble _______________ the test.—Remember _______________ it three times at least.A. to understand；reading  B. understanding；readingC. understanding；to read  D. to understand；to understand 9. When did it happen? 它是什么时候发生的？happen作不及物动词，意为＂发生＂。☞ I hope nothing has happened to my friend. 我希望我的朋友没出事。【知识拓展】　 happen to sb /sth表示＂某人或某物发生了某事或出现某种情况＂，一般是不幸的事。happen to do sth表示＂碰巧发生某事＂。＂It happens+that从句＂表示＂正巧、恰好……＂，此句型可换为＂happen+不定式＂结构。☞ What happened to him, by the way? 顺便问一句，他怎么了？☞ I happened to meet my father on my way. 我正好在路上碰到了我爸爸。☞ It happened that she was busy then.=She happened to be busy then.她碰巧当时正忙。【易混辨析】happen＂发生＂，是一般用语，词义较广，一般指事情、事故的发生，强调事情发生的偶然性或未能预见地发生，不用于被动语态。 ☞ A funny thing happened in the subway yesterday. 昨天地铁里发生了一件有趣的事。take place一般指有计划、事先安排的事件的＂发生＂，没有偶然性，也表示一般的＂发生＂，此外还有＂举行＂的意思。 ☞ Great changes took place in my hometown last year. 去年我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。Great changes _______________ in Tongren in the past five years.A. have happened B. have taken place          C. have been happened D. have been taken place10. ....I pointed it out to my friend, it went away. 我向朋友指出它时，它消失了。point out意为＂指出，指明，表明＂，修饰的宾语为代词时放在point与out之间。☞ Mother pointed out my mistakes. 妈妈指出了我的错误。【知识拓展】　 point at的意思是＂指向＂，相当于point to，二者一般可互换。point to 指向较近之物。point at指向较远之物，point 后可直接跟名词/代词作宾语，point...at...表示＂将……指向……＂。 ☞ The teacher pointed to one of the pictures. 老师指着其中的一幅图片。☞ She was pointing her finger at me. 她用手指指着我。☞ He pointed his gun at the enemy. 他举枪对准了敌人。Don’t point _______________ anyone _______________ your chopsticks. It’s not polite.A.at；by B.at；with C. to；by D. out；with11. ..., the television news reported that other people had seen the light as well. ……电视新闻报道说别人也看见了那道亮光。as well＂也＂，多用于肯定句，与too可互换，放于句末，其前不用逗号。☞ Come early, and bring your brother as well. 早点来，把你的弟弟也带来。学&科网【易混辨析】 too/also/either/as welltootoo多用于口语的肯定句中，常位于句末，其前通常有逗号。 ☞ I like English and she likes English, too. 我喜欢英语，她也喜欢英语。alsoalso比too正式一些，用于肯定句中，一般位于系动词be、情态动词、助动词之后或实义动词之前。☞ The foreign guests also speak Chinese. 这些外宾也能说汉语。either只用于否定句中，常位于句子末尾，前面有逗号将其与句子的其他部分隔开。 ☞ I am not a doctor. She is not a doctor, either. 我不是医生。她也不是医生。as well常用于口语中，用法与too相似，且常位于句尾，但前面不用逗号。 ☞ The little girl can sing and dance as well. 这个小女孩既会唱歌又会跳舞。 ☞ We like to play basketball, but sometimes we play soccer as well. 我们喜欢打篮球，但有时也踢足球。一、单项选择1．—It’s never too late for students to ________ the importance of study. —Yes, I agree with you.A．copy B．reply C．explain D．realize2．My friend ________ his car when I went to see him last Sunday.A．washed B．was washing C．is washing D．will wash3．Everyone should _______ litter whenever he sees it on the playground.A．give up B．mix up C．pick up D．use up4．—Uncle Wang, I dropped by your home at 6:00 p.m. yesterday, but nobody was in.—Oh, I _______a meeting.A．was having B．am having C．will have D．have had5．Lily ________ Li lei with his English at six last night.A．helps B．was helping C．is helping D．helped二、用所给单词适当形式填空6．When I went outside, I ________（realize）the bus had left.7．There is a famous Chinese saying: one is not a ________ (true) man unless he climbs up the Great Wall.8．I think the coffee is from Brazil, though I’m not ________ (complete) sure.9．If you have difficulty ________ (work) out the problem, you can ask the teacher for help.10．—Can you tell me the way to the Central Hospital?—Sorry. I myself am a ________ (strange) to this city.三、完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D项中，选出最佳选项。Tom loved games. He played them every day. He liked board games, video games and ____11____ games. What he liked best was winning them. He practised and worked hard all the time. To Tom, winning was ____12____. It’s the most important.At school, there was a ____13____ game. Tom was on the blue team. Today students would race around the track field.Everyone in each team was in a line. Tom took a deep breath.Coach Frank ____14____ the whistle (口哨) and Tom started to run. He moved his legs and arms quickly, and he ran as fast as he could go. After a short while, Tom’s feet started to hurt. ____15____ he couldn’t slow down. He had to win.____16____, Tom couldn’t move his left foot. He stumbled (绊倒) and fell. Many pairs of feet ran past him, but one pair stopped. A ____17____ reached down.“Come on. Let’s finish together,” said a voice.Tom ____18____. It was a boy. However, Tom didn’t know his name. He was on the red team, but he helped Tom stand up anyway. Together they ____19____ the race, but they were the last to arrive.“____20____ did you help me?” he asked the boy. You can choose to pass me and ____21____ your team win the game.”The boy said ____22____ a smile, “Winning isn’t everything.” He said, “I don’t care about winning a race, but I would like to be a ____23____ person. That would make me happy.”Tom had ____24____ thought about that before. At first, he was sorry to lose. That doesn’t seem ____25____ now. Winning wasn’t everything. Being nice seemed a lot better.11．A．other B．another C．each D．others12．A．nothing B．everything C．something D．anything13．A．jumping B．swimming C．running D．climbing14．A．shook B．hit C．picked D．blew15．A．But B．So C．Or D．And16．A．Mainly B．Exactly C．Suddenly D．Certainly17．A．foot B．leg C．head D．hand18．A．looked up B．looked out C．looked for D．looked after19．A．talked B．thought C．planned D．finished20．A．What B．Why C．How D．Where21．A．help B．push C．change D．bring22．A．in B．with C．from D．under23．A．tidy B．modern C．kind D．careful24．A．sometimes B．often C．never D．always25．A．possible B．perfect C．easy D．important四、阅读理解AA poor boy lived in a small town. He sold things from door to door to pay for school. One day, he had only $1 left, and he was hungry. He decided that he would ask for a meal at the next house. However, when a young woman opened the door, the boy was shy, so he just asked for some water. The woman knew he was hungry, so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, “How much should I pay for it?” You won’t pay for it. My mother has told me that it is good to help the people who are in trouble（困难）.”She replied. The boy said, “Then I thank you from my heart.” As the boy left that house, he felt stronger（更强壮的）. He knew he had many things to do.People had to send her to a big city. When the doctor knew who the woman was, he was excited and tried his best to save her life. He was successful. The woman needed to pay for the medical bill. The doctor learned that she didn’t have enough money. So he wrote something down on the medical bill. The woman read the bill, “You have paid it with a glass of milk.”26．The poor boy sold things from door to door because ________.A．he had no money leftB．he needed money to buy some foodC．he wanted to make money to buy a glass of milkD．he had to make money for his school27．Why did people send the woman to a big city?A．Because she was seriously ill.B．Because she had lots of money.C．Because she wanted to visit the doctor.D．Because she knew the poor boy worked there.28．From the passage we can know the doctor (the poor boy) ________.A．let the young woman pay for the billB．was always thankful for the young woman’s kindnessC．didn’t remember the young womanD．didn’t save the young woman’s life29．Which of the following sentences is true?A．The young woman had a bad mother.B．The poor boy asked for some money.C．The young woman and her mother were both kind to others.D．The poor boy became a famous engineer when he grew up.30．What’s the best title（标题）for the article?A．A Kind Mother B．A Lovely Young WomanC．A Poor Boy D．A Glass of MilkBEdith liked inventing (发明) things. She wanted to win in the coming competition. Every day after school, she went home quickly to work on her invention. At last, she finished it just on the day of the competition.The invention was a big music box with beautiful lights. Edith turned the handle (手柄) to light it up. Nothing happened. She turned it faster. Still no light!That night, Edith went to the town hall with a heavy heart. Jenny Rocket, the judge of the competition, came into the hall on her bike. She put the bike against (倚，靠) the wall and started to see the inventions.Edith’s hands got wet as she came over. “Could you please show me how your machine works?” Edith turned the handle very fast. Slow music came from the machine and the lights went on and off. Jenny said, “It needs more power. I’m sure you’ll find a way to make it work better.”The judging was almost done when all the lights went out. Everyone was worried. At that time, Edith saw Jenny’s bike. “I know!” She connected (联结) her machine to the bike and started pedaling (蹬车). The light from the machine lighted up the hall.Jenny finished her judging. “The best inventions solve problems,” she said. “Tonight, we had a problem and one person saved the day. The winner is... Edith!”31．Every day Edith went home quickly ________.A．to play slow music B．to make a music boxC．to do her homework D．to practice riding bikes32．When Edith went to the town hall that night, she was kind of ________.A．surprised B．excited C．upset D．bored33．The underlined phrase “went out” may mean ________ in Chinese.A．熄灭 B．淘汰 C．丢失 D．分散34．Edith made the machine work better by ________.A．making it smaller B．driving it with a bikeC．adding more lights D．starting it once again35．You can probably find this passage at ________.A．www.inventions-handbook.com B．www.englishstudyhere.comC．www.easygeographyforkids.com D．www.coolmath4kids.com五、补全对话从下面选项中选择恰当的句子补全下面对话。（其中有两项是多余的选项）完成对话。从文后选择正确选项。(选项中有一个选项与对话内容无关)A: Hi. Cindy. ___36___ B: Pretty good, thank you.A: Where did you go?B: ___37___ It is the biggest museum in our city.A: What did you do there?B: I saw quite a few interesting things and took some photos.A: ___38___ B: I went to Trendy Shopping Center with my mom.A: What do you think of it?B: ___39___ A: Did you buy anything there?B: ___40___ bought a white skirt and my mom bought a black dress.A．What about Sunday?B．Yes, we did.C．How did you go there?D．I think it has the most-beautiful clothes.E．How was your weekend?F．I went to the science museum last Saturday.