英语Section B精品习题

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Unit7 What’s the highest mountain in the world？
课时5 Section B（3a-SelfCheck)
Learning aims:
1. To learn about whales and why they need to be protected
2. To practice the use of the comparatives and superlatives of adjectives


重点词汇和短语
(一)数据描述类短语
1. 550米深_____________________
2.8, 844米高_____________________[来源:Zxxk.Com]
3. 2, 400公里长_____________________
4.960万平方公里_____________________
5. 10千克_____________________
6.300年历史_____________________
(二)含最高级的短语
1. 最长/短的河流_____________________
2. 最大/小的沙漠_____________________
3. 最重/轻的熊猫_____________________
4. 最多/少的竹子_____________________
5. 最危险的运动_____________________
6. 最普遍的问题_____________________
7. 最著名的部分_____________________
8. 最深的咸水湖_____________________
9. 最高的山脉_____________________
10. 最多的人口_____________________
(三)其他短语
1. 每两年_____________________
2. ……的重要性_____________________
3. 濒危动物_____________________
4. 就我所知_____________________
5. 水污染_____________________
6. 主要的原因之一______________________
7. 长城之旅_____________________
8. 登山_____________________
9. 出生时_____________________
10. 到达(某数量、程度等)；至多有；不多于_____________________
11. 绊倒_____________________
12. 大约_____________________
答案：
一、词汇积累
(一)1. 550 meters deep 2. 8, 844 meters high 3. 2, 400 kilometers long　
4. 9,600,000 square kilometers 5.10 kilos 6. 300 years of history
(二) 1. the longest/ shortest river 2. the largest/ smallest desert 3. the heaviest/ lightest panda　
4. the most/ least bamboo 5. the most dangerous sport 6. the most popular question　
7. the most famous part 8. the deepest salt lake 9. the highest mountain　
10. the biggest population
(三)1. every two years 2. the importance of... 3. endangered animals　
4. as far as I know 5. water pollution 6. one of the main reasons　
7. Great Wall Tour 8. mountain climbing　 9. at birth　10. up to
11. fall over 12. or so


（一）形容词、副词的比较等级
1. 形容词和副词的比较级与最高级的变化规则
（1）规则变化
情况
规则
例词
一般情况
直接加-es / -est
tall→taller→tallest
以不发音的字母e结尾的词
加-r / -st
nice→nicer→nicest
以＂辅音字母+y＂结尾的词
变y为i，再加-er / -est
dry→drier→driest
heavy→heavier→heaviest
以一个辅音字母结尾的词
先双写辅音字母，再加-er / -est
thin→thinner→thinnest
多音节和部分双音节单词
在词前加more / most
delicious→more delicious→most delicious
（2）不规则变化
原级
比较级
最高级
good, well
better
best
bad, ill
worse
worst
many, much
more
most
little
less
least
far
farther/further
farthest/furthest
2. 形容词/副词原级的用法
（1）用于＂as...as...＂结构中，否定形式为not as/so...as...。
This picture is not so good as that one. 这幅画不如那幅好。
Li Hua’s shoes are as ________ as Zhang Hui’s.
A. cheap B. cheaper C. the cheapest

（2）表示＂A是B的……倍＂时，用A＋谓语动词＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as B。
Our school is twice as large as theirs. 我们学校是他们学校的两倍大。
（3）修饰形容词原级的词：very， too， so，enough等。
The girl is so beautiful. 这个女孩是如此的漂亮。
3. 形容词/副词比较级的用法
（1）A＋谓语动词＋比较级＋than B... A比B……
My bike is more beautiful than hers. 我的自行车比她的好看。
Peter is 15 years old. He is _________ than his father.
A. tall　　　　 B. taller
C. tallest D. the tallest
【答案】B
【解析】本题用寻找题眼法。由句中的than可知本空应用形容词的比较级形式。
（2）Which/Who＋谓语动词＋比较级，A or B?
Who runs faster, Jim or Tom? 谁跑得更快，吉姆还是汤姆？
—Which season do you like__________ in Panzhihua, the dry season or rainy season?
—The rainy season.
A. well　 B. better　 C. best D. the best
【答案】B

（3）表示＂越来越……＂时用比较级的重叠结构，即＂比较级＋and＋比较级＂，多音节词和部分双音节词用＂more and more＋原级＂。
It’s becoming colder and colder. 天气变得越来越冷了。
The problem is becoming more and more serious. 问题变得越来越严重了。
—Roy never likes junk food.
—Neither do I. That’s probably why I’m becoming _______now.
A. healthy and weak B. healthier and healthier
C. weaker and weaker D. more and more healthily
【答案】B

（4）表示＂越……就越……＂时用＂the＋比较级，the＋比较级＂。
The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make. 你越细心，犯的错就会越少。
The earlier kids learn to be independent, the __________ it is for their future.
A. good　 B. well　 C. better　　 D. best
【答案】C
【解析】本题用固定句式法。句意：孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。固定句式the＋比较级...， the＋比较级...表示＂越……，就越……＂。
（5）表示＂两者之间比较……的一个＂时常用＂the＋比较级＋of the two＂。
He is the thinner of the two. 他是两个中较瘦的那一个。
Of the two shirts, I’d like to choose the __________ one to save some money for a cap.
A. cheapest　　　 　 B. cheaper
C. more expensive D. most expensive
【答案】B
【解析】根据句中＂Of the two shirts＂可知本句是两者之间的比较，应用比较级。句意＂两件衬衫中，我想要选较便宜的那件，省下来的钱买一顶帽子。＂
（6）修饰比较级的词和短语有a little，a bit，a lot，much，far，even等。
You are a little thinner than Jim. 你比吉姆瘦点儿。
The box was _______ than I had expected. I was out of breath when I got home.
A. more heavier　　　 B. much heavier
C. little heavier D. very heavier
【答案】B

4. 形容词/副词最高级用法
（1）三者或三者以上比较用最高级，形容词最高级前加the，副词可不加。句末常跟in/of短语表示范围。
Tom is the cleverest in his class. 汤姆是他班里最聪明的。
He runs fastest in the class. 在这个班里他跑得最快。
—Lily has two sisters, doesn’t she?
—Yes. She’s taller and older than her two sisters, but she’s not _________one of the three.
A. the tallest　　　 B. youngest
C. shortest D. the cleverest
【答案】D
【解析】本题用寻找题眼法。由句中of the three可知本空应用形容词的最高级形式。形容词的最高级形式通常在前面加the，首先可排除B、C两项；由＂她比她的两个姐妹高且年长＂可知她是三个人当中最高的，又可排除A项，故选D。
（2）Which/Who＋谓语动词＋the＋形容词/副词最高级，A，B or C?
Who is the tallest, Tom, Kate or Bill? 谁是最高的，汤姆、凯特还是比尔？
—Which city is _________________ beautiful, Hangzhou, Beijing or Shanghai?
—Hangzhou, I think.
A. the most B. the better C. more
【答案】A
【解析】本题用语法判定法。由问句可知是在三个城市之间比较，知要用最高级形式。故选A。
（3）表示＂最……的……之一＂时用one of＋the＋形容词最高级＋复数名词。
Miss Xu is one of the most popular teachers in our school. 徐老师是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。
This temple is one of _________________ buildings in the town. We must take action to protect it.
A. old　　　　 B. older C. oldest D. the oldest
【答案】D

（4）表示＂第几最……＂时，可在最高级前加序数词。
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国的第二长河。
【注意】有些形容词，如dead，empty，round，sure，woolen 等受本身含义的限制，没有比较级。
（二）基数词
基数词[来源:学科网ZXXK]
(1)1—10 one, two, three, ... ten[来源:学科网][来源:Z。xx。k.Com]
(2)11—20 eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, ... twenty
(3) 21—99 twenty-one, ... ninety-nine
(4) 百位数 101——one hundred and one 注意百位与十位间加and
(5) 千位数以上 从数字的右端往左数，每三位数加一个逗号＂，＂，从右开始第一个前面的数字加thousand，第二个逗号前的数字加million，第三个逗号前的数字加billion，然后一节一节分别表示。
2,648——two thousand six hundred and forty-eight
16, 250,164——sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand one hundred and sixty-four
5,237,166,234——five billion two hundred and thirty-seven million one hundred and sixty-six thousand and two hundred and thirty-four
表示＂数以百计＂用hundreds of；＂成千上万＂用thousands of；＂数百万＂用millions of；＂数十亿＂用billions of，且它们前面不可加任何具体的数词。也就是说当hundred，thousand，million，billion前有具体的数词时，其后不能加­s；但当hundred，thousand，million，billion与of连用时，则用其复数形式，表示不确定的数目，其前不能有具体的数词。
There are hundreds of foreign students in their school. 他们学校有数百名外国学生。
Six hundred books were sent to the children. 六百本书被邮寄给了孩子们。学@科网
巧记hundred，thousand，million的用法：
模糊数目两有（有s，有of），具体数目两无（无s，无of）。

一、单项选择
1．Qomolangma is about 8844.43 meters ________. It’s the highest mountain in the world.
A．long B．wide C．high D．deep
【答案】C
【详解】句意：珠穆朗玛峰高8844.43米。它是世界上最高的山。考查形容词辨析。long长的；wide宽的；high高的；deep深的。根据“It’s the highest mountain in the world.”可知此处介绍珠穆朗玛峰的高度。故选C。
2．The fans shouted with _________ when they saw the famous singer.
A．exciting B．excite C．excited D．excitement
【答案】D
【详解】句意：当粉丝看到著名的歌手时兴奋地大喊。考查单词辨析。exciting令人兴奋的；excite使兴奋；excited兴奋的；excitement兴奋。with excitement“兴奋地”，修饰动词shout“喊”，符合语境，故选D。
3．If more people go to work by bus, there will be ________ air pollution.
A．fewer B．less C．fewest D．least
【答案】B
【详解】句意：如果更多的人坐公交车去上班，空气污染将会减少。考查形容词的比较级。fewer更少；less更少；fewest最少的；least最少的。根据语“If more people go to work by bus, there will be ... air pollution.”可知，此处有比较的含义。故要填形容词的比较级；“air pollution”是不可数名词，要用little修饰，little的比较级形式是less，故选B。
4．I think there will be _______ air pollution when there are ________ people driving.
A．less,less B．less, fewer C．fewer,less
【答案】B
【详解】句意：我认为开车的人越少，空气污染就会越少。
考查比较级。less修饰不可数名词；fewer修饰可数名词。根据常识可知，开车的人越少，污染越少，pollution是不可数名词，第一空less符合句意；people是复数，第二空fewer符合句意。故选B。
5．________ students eat lunch at school every weekday.
A．Hundreds of B．Hundreds C．Two hundred of
【答案】A
【详解】句意：每个工作日有上百个学生在校吃午餐。
考查数词。短语hundreds of表示“上百的”，是固定搭配，其后接可数名词复数。故选A。
二、用所给单词适当形式填空
6．It’s even ________ (importance) for each family to have happy children than successful children.
【答案】more important
【详解】句意：对于每个家庭来说，拥有幸福的孩子比成功的孩子更重要。根据“It’s even...for each family to have happy children than successful children.”和提示词汇可知，固定句型It’s+adj+for sb+to do sth表示“做某事对某人来说是……的”，空处需填形容词，作表语；even修饰形容词比较级，形容词important“重要的”为双音节词，前面需加more变为比较级。故填more important。
7．It’s the ________ (ugly) city I have ever seen in this beautiful country.
【答案】ugliest
【详解】句意：这是我在这个美丽的国家见过的最丑的城市。根据“I have ever seen”可知，不止一座城市，三者/三者以上比较，用ugly的最高级ugliest“最丑的”。故填ugliest。
8．Sally thinks news is ________ (education) than comedies.
【答案】more educational
【详解】句意：萨利认为新闻比喜剧更有教育性。education是名词，意为“教育”，句中than“比”提示用形容词的比较级，education的形容词性是为educational“有教育意义的”，其比较级为more educational。故填more educational。
9．This is the ________ (good) CD I have ever got. Where did you buy it?
【答案】best
【详解】句意：这是我得到的最好的CD。你在哪里买的？good“好的”，是形容词，由空前the可知，这里是最高级，且句子中有be动词is，所以是形容词的最高级。故填best。
10．Of all the subjects, English is ________ (interesting) for me.
【答案】the most interesting
【详解】句意：在所有的科目中，英语对我来说是最有趣的。根据“Of all the subjects”可知，比较范围为三者及以上，用最高级，interesting最高级为most interesting，最高级要加the。故填the most interesting。
三、 完形填空
Wherever Paul Horton goes, his six-year-old dog Yogi walks closely behind him. They have always been best friends.
One October morning, Horton was ____11____ his bike in the neighborhood. Yogi ran ____12____ beside his master(主人). Yogi had done it every morning for nearly three years. ____13____ they came to a tall stone edge(边缘), Horton wanted to jump down from his bike. But the wheel hit the stone and Horton fell down ____14____. As Horton tried to rise, he ____15____ the situation was very bad. He couldn’t feel his legs.
When Horton was ____16____ on the ground, Yogi was by his side nervously. Horton said, “Go home, Yogi. Go and get ____17____ to help.” Horton said the words slowly, again and again. ____18____, Yogi refused to leave. But Horton continued asking Yogi to go. Finally, the dog ____19____.
That morning, Bruce Tate and Maggie Tate, two of Horton’s neighbors, were taking a walk. When they saw Yogi running down the street alone, they thought it was very ____20____. The dog never did that before. So they decided to ____21____ Yogi to see what happened.
The wait was agony(痛苦) for Horton. When he heard the sound of Yogi, he ____22____ his eyes and saw the Tates. They were surprised at Horton’s condition and they sent him to the hospital quickly.
____23____ he has to move in a wheelchair(轮椅) now, Horton feels better. Horton says that Yogi and he are much closer after the ____24____. “I’m very thankful to Yogi. He played a very ____25____ role in saving my life. He’s my watchdog and my hero,” Horton says.
11．A．carrying B．repairing C．making D．riding
12．A．finally B．suddenly C．happily D．seriously
13．A．When B．Which C．Where D．What
14．A．happily B．heavily C．recently D．carefully
15．A．wondered B．explained C．caused D．realized
16．A．sleeping B．training C．lying D．relaxing
17．A．everyone B．someone C．anything D．nothing
18．A．At first B．At most C．At least D．At last
19．A．died down B．took down C．ran away D．gave away
20．A．proper B．normal C．typical D．strange
21．A．push B．follow C．beat D．sell
22．A．opened B．chose C．became D．minded
23．A．However B．Unless C．Though D．Because
24．A．storm B．report C．party D．accident
25．A．traditional B．important C．famous D．dangerous
【答案】
11．D    12．C    13．A    14．B    15．D    16．C    17．B    18．A    19．C    20．D    21．B    22．A    23．C    24．D    25．B
【导语】本文讲述了小狗Yogi在主人Horton骑车摔倒受伤后帮助救助主人的感人故事。
11．句意：十月份的一个上午，Horton正在小区里骑着自行车。
carrying拿；repairing修理；making制造；riding骑。根据“his bike in the neighborhood. Yogi ran”可知，他在小区里骑自行车。故选D。
12．句意：他在主人旁边欢快地跑着。
finally最后；suddenly突然；happily开心地；seriously认真地。根据“Yogi ran…beside his master”可知，主人骑着自行车，它应是快乐地在他的旁边跑着。故选C。
13．句意：当他们来到一块高高的石头边缘时，Horton想从自行车上跳下来。
When当……时；Which哪一个；Where哪里；What什么。根据“they came to a tall stone edge”可知是指当他们来到一块高高的石头边缘的时候。应用when来引导时间状语从句。故选A。
14．句意：但是车轮撞到了石头，Horton重重地摔倒了。
happily开心地；heavily重重地；recently最近；carefully仔细地。根据“But the wheel hit the stone and Horton fell down”可知应是重重地摔倒了。故选B。
15．句意：当Horton试图爬起来时，他意识到情况非常糟糕。
wondered想知道；explained解释；caused引起；realized意识到。根据“He couldn’t feel his legs.”可知，他感觉不到自己的腿了，说明他意识到情况很糟糕。故选D。
16．句意：当Horton躺在地上的时候，Yogi不安地陪在他的身边。
sleeping睡觉；training训练；lying躺；relaxing放松。根据“When Horton was…on the ground”可知，Horton受伤后应是躺在地上。故选C。
17．句意：去找人来帮忙。
everyone每个人；someone某人；anything任何事；nothing没有什么。根据“Go and get…to help.”可知，去找人帮忙，没有指定具体哪一个人，用someone来表示。故选B。
18．句意：刚开始，Yogi拒绝离开。
At first最初；At most最多；At least至少；At last最后。根据“Yogi refused to leave. But Horton continued asking Yogi to go. Finally,”可知，Yogi 拒绝离开应是指最开始的时候。故选A。
19．句意：最后，狗跑走了。
died down逐渐平息；took down取下；ran away跑走；gave away赠送。根据“Finally”可知最后狗跑走了。故选C。
20．句意：当他们看到Yogi独自在街上跑的时候，他们感到很奇怪。
proper适当的；normal正常的；typical典型的；strange奇怪的。根据下文“The dog never did that before.”可知，这狗以前从来没有这样做过。说明此时看到Yogi独自跑在街上，他们感到很奇怪。故选D。
21．句意：因此，他们决定跟着Yogi去看发生了什么事。
push推；follow跟随；beat击败；sell卖。根据“to see what happened”可知去看发生了什么事应该是要跟着Yogi的。故选B。
22．句意：当他听到了Yogi的声音时，他睁开了眼睛，看到了Tate一家。
opened打开；chose选择；became成为；minded介意。根据“saw the Tates”可知他看到了Tate一家，由此可知他应该是睁开了眼睛。故选A。
23．句意：虽然Horton现在得坐轮椅了，但他感觉好多了。
However然而；Unless除非；Though虽然；Because因为。根据“he has to move in a wheelchair”可知虽然他得坐轮椅出行，但他感觉好多了，两句是让步关系，此处应用though引导让步状语从句。故选C。
24．句意：Horton说，事故发生后，Yogi和他更亲密了。
storm暴风雨；report报道；party宴会；accident事故。结合上文可知，Horton骑车摔倒受伤，是一场事故。故选D。
25．句意：他在拯救我的生命中扮演了非常重要的角色。
traditional传统的；important重要的；famous著名的；dangerous危险的。根据上文可知在Horton受伤后，Yogi找人帮忙救助，可知它在其中扮演了非常重要的角色。故选B。
四、 阅读理解
A
All aboard! Let’s take a ride on the world’s highest railway—the Qinghai-Tibet Railway（青藏铁路）. Sit back and enjoy the journey. Get ready for the trip of a lifetime.
We’re leaving Qinghai Station. The scenery along the way is some of the wildest in all of China. Keep your eyes open as we race through this beautiful land. You might see a rare Tibetan antelope（藏羚羊）from your window.

Before we begin our journey, let’s learn about this amazing railway. It’s truly one of the great engineering wonders of the 21st century. When it was completed on July 1, 2006, the Tibet Railway set nine world records, including the world’s highest railway at 5,072 metres above sea level, the world’s highest tunnel（隧道）at 4,905 metres, and the longest tunnel ever built on permafrost（冻土）.
As we travel higher, the air gets thinner and thinner. Soon there will only be 50 to 60 percent of the oxygen which we are used to breathing. But don’t be afraid. Each rail car has two separate oxygen systems. One system spreads oxygen throughout the train at all times. And each passenger can also get a personal oxygen mask just like those used in planes.
Here are a few more things to think about as our train leaves the station. The designers solved three main challenges when building this great railway. First, the high altitude（海拔）made the task difficult because there was no enough oxygen. Second, much of the railway runs across permafrost, a type of ground that keeps changing as the weather warms and cools. Finally, the railway goes through some of the most sensitive ecology（敏感的生态环境）in China. Great care was necessary to make sure of the smallest possible influence on nature.
All three challenges were met, making our trip possible. All aboard! The train to Tibet is leaving in fifteen minutes.
26．Where are the passengers?
A．On a bus. B．On a train. C．On a ship. D．On a plane.
27．How does the text show the railway is amazing in paragraph 3?
A．By telling a story. B．By using a designer’s words.
C．By introducing its world records. D．By comparing the present with the past.
28．How many oxygen systems are there in each rail car?
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
29．Which of the following increased the difficulty of building the railway?
A．The changing ground. B．The polluted air.
C．The dangerous animals. D．The hot weather.
【答案】26．B    27．C    28．B    29．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了21世纪伟大的工程奇迹之一——青藏铁路。
26．细节理解题。根据“We’re leaving Qinghai Station. The scenery along the way is some of the wildest in all of China”可知，乘客现在在火车站，故选B。
27．推理判断题。根据“When it was completed on July 1, 2006, the Tibet Railway set nine world records”以及“The designers solved three main challenges when building this great railway. First..., Second,...Finally...”可知，第三段是通过介绍它的世界纪录来展示它的惊人之处的，故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据“Each rail car has two separate oxygen systems”可知，每节车厢都有两个独立的氧气系统，故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据“First, the high altitude（海拔）made the task difficult because there was no enough oxygen”可知，高海拔使任务变得困难，因为没有足够的氧气，故选A。
B

Qomolangma is the third mountain of the Himalayas, so it is called the Third God Mountain in Tibetan language.
Qomolangma is very famous and it is higher than any other mountain in the world. Its newest height is 8, 848.86 meters, which was announced on December 8th, 2020. At the height of 8, 000 meters, there is only 30% O2 and the human body can only stand this height for a few days, so it is dangerous for humans to climb higher. But many climbers want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. As Alan Arnette, a mountain climber from America, said “Climbing mountains drives you to look deep inside yourself, and lets you find out whether you are healthy enough and strong enough in mind when you want to stop.”
It’s a good thing that Qomolangma gives people a chance to become strong-willed(意志坚强的) when trying to achieve their dreams. ▲ because many people leave their waste behind, such as water bottles and plastic bags. They cause the environmental pollution for Qomolangma. Many local farmers said their sheep and cows would die after eating the plastic bags and it was too difficult to clean them up. Luckily, many volunteers from all over the world came to Qomolangma to join in the clean-up activity. A volunteer advised, “When climbing Qomolangma, mountain climbing lovers should always take good care of themselves, and at the same time, take good care of Qomolangma.”
30．What’s the newest height of Qomolangma?
A．8, 000 meters. B．8, 844. 43 meters. C．8, 848. 86 meters. D．8, 848. 84 meters.
31．According to Alan’s words, ________ to climb mountains.
A．you had better forget B．you will be in great danger
C．you need to be healthy enough D．you’ll know better about yourself
32．Which can be the best sentence for ▲ ?
A．However, these years, Qomolangma is in danger
B．Climbers are easy to fall down on the mountain
C．It is very hard to take in air as you get near the top
D．But it shows that humans can sometimes be stronger
33．What does the underlined word “them” refer to in Paragraph 3?
A．Local farmers. B．Cows and sheep. C．Plastic bags. D．Water bottles.
34．What’s the passage mainly about?
A．Qomolangma. B．Climbers. C．Himalayas. D．Tibetan Language.
【答案】30．C    31．D    32．A    33．C    34．A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了珠穆朗玛峰，并告诉我们要照顾好珠穆朗玛峰。
30．细节理解题。根据原文“Its newest height is 8, 848.86 meters, which was announced on December 8th, 2020”可知, 珠穆朗玛峰的最新高度是8848. 86米。故选C。
31．细节理解题。根据“As Alan Arnette, a mountain climber from America, said “Climbing mountains drives you to look deep inside yourself, and lets you find out whether you are healthy enough and strong enough in mind when you want to stop.””可知，爬山会让你更了解自己。故选D。
32．词句猜测题。根据下文“because many people leave their waste behind, such as water bottles and plastic bags”可知，此处在讲这些年来，珠穆朗玛峰正处于危险之中。故选A。
33．词句猜测题。根据原文“They cause the environmental pollution for Qomolangma. Many local farmers said their sheep and cows would die after eating the plastic bags and it was too difficult to clean them up”可知，此处“them”指的是“塑料袋”。故选C。
34．主旨大意题。根据原文“Qomolangma is the third mountain of the Himalayas, so it is called the Third God Mountain in Tibetan language”可知，本文主要介绍珠穆朗玛峰。故选A。
五、短文填空
Mention the word shark to someone on the beach and you are sure to get a reaction (反应). Sharks have been the most feared predator (捕猎者) of ocean. Sharks are fish. ____35____ They can be found in oceans all over the world, and they have also been found in some rivers and lakes.
One difference between most other fish and a shark is that most fish have bones and a shark has cartilage. ____36____ Another difference is that the shark is only able to swim forward, while most fish can swim forwards and backwards. Fish also generally have slippery scales (滑溜的鱼鳞), while a shark has rough scales that feel like sandpaper.
____37____ In fact, there are about 368 different types. The differences include color, habitat, behavior, and size. Sharks are also known for their very sharp teeth. ____38____ Instead they swallow large chunks of food. They have five rows of teeth. If a tooth is broken, it is replaced by another tooth.
Sharks are carnivores, meaning that they eat meat. ____39____ It seems like sharks attack (攻击) people a lot, but chances of getting stung by a bee or getting hit by lightning are greater. Even so, experts say it is important to keep an eye out for sharks when swimming in the ocean.
A．Sharks do not normally attack people.
B．There are many different types of sharks.
C．They do not use their teeth to chew their food.
D．Cartilage is tough, but it is not as strong as bone.
E．They have been around since the time of dinosaurs.
【答案】35．E    36．D    37．B    38．C    39．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了鲨鱼的种类和生活习性等。
35．根据“Sharks have been the most feared predator of ocean. Sharks are fish.”可知，此处是在介绍鲨鱼的一些基本信息。选项E“自恐龙时代以来，它们就一直存在。”符合语境。故选E。
36．根据“most fish have bones and a shark has cartilage.”可知，此处介绍了鲨鱼的软骨。选项D“软骨很坚韧，但不如骨头强。”符合语境。故选D。
37．根据“In fact, there are about 368 different types.”可知，此处介绍了鲨鱼的类型。选项B“有许多不同类型的鲨鱼。”符合语境。故选B。
38．根据“Sharks are also known for their very sharp teeth.”可知，此处介绍了鲨鱼锋利的牙齿。选项C“他们不使用牙齿咀嚼食物。”符合语境。故选C。
39．根据“It seems like sharks attack people a lot, ”可知，此处表示鲨鱼看起来会攻击人们。选项A“鲨鱼通常不会攻击人。”符合语境。故选A。