牛津译林版八年级上册Reading优秀课时作业

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Unit 8 第 2 课时 Reading

目标导航


重点
词汇
1.* adj轻微的
2. n.摇动，震动
3. adj.响亮的；大声的；喧闹的
4.* n.炸弹
5. vi.&vt摇动，震动
6. n.害怕，恐惧
7. n.方向
8. 四面八方
9. conj当…的时候，和…同时
10.* n.砖，砖块
11. 崩塌，坍塌
12. n.摇动，震动
13. adj.寂静的
14. 一点也不
15. conj.是否
16. adj.紧张不安的
17. n.心脏
18. vi.&vt.(使)规律作响，作节奏运动
19. adj.困住的
20. n.头脑
21. vi.&vt.(使)平静，（使）镇定
22.* 冷静
23. conj.由于，既然
24. adv仍然
25. adj.活着的
26. n.黑暗
27. 找到出路
28. n.呼喊，喊叫声
29. 最后，终于
30. n.日光
31. adj.安全的
32. adj.睡着的
33. conj.在…以后
词汇
拓展
1.shake v.--- n.--- （过去式）
2. loud--- （副词）
3 direct v.--- n.
4. silent adj.--- n.
5. safe adj.--- adv--- 反义词
6. beat--- 过去式
7. live--- adj.
8. move quickly from side to side, up and down, etc.---
9. quiet---
10. not in danger---
11. give a loud cry---
重点
词组
1. 在凌晨
2. 感到一阵轻微的震动
3. 像雷声一样的很大的噪音
4. 像埋在地下的炸弹
5. 害怕地尖叫
6. 跑出、跑进
7. 尽力做某事
8. 四处奔跑/向同一个方向逃跑
9. 碎玻璃和碎砖
10. 掉落下来
11. 坍塌
12. 冷静
13. 自言自语
14. 找到出路
15. 听到了人们兴奋的叫喊声
16. 挪开砖头
17. 最后
18. 起初
19. 睡着/入睡
20. 叫某人(不要)做某事




重点
句型
1.外面，当碎玻璃碎砖落下来的同时，人们正四处奔跑。
Outside, people while pieces of glass and bricks were falling down.
2.我什么也看不见，我不知道我旁边是否有人。
I could not see anything at all, and I did not know .
3.我感到紧张并且我的心跳得很快。I felt nervous and .
4.片刻的恐惧掠过我的脑海，但是我告诉自己要冷静因为我仍然活着。
, but I told myself to calm down since I was still alive.
5.我开始慢慢地把自己拽出黑暗。I started to .
6.当我止试着找出路的时候我突然听到我上方传来的噪音。
I t,I suddenly heard some noise above me.

【答案】一．1.*slight 2.shake 3.loud 4.*bomb 5.shake 6.fear 7.direction 8.in all directions9.while 10.*brick 11.come down12.shaking 13.silent 14.not…at all15.if 16.nervous17.heart18.beat 19.trapped20.mind21.calm 22.*calm down23.since24.still25.alive 26.dark 27.find one's way out28.shout 29.at last30.daylight 31.safe 32.asleep33.after
二、词形变化及英文释义。
1. shake v.---shaking n.---shook 2. loud---loudly 3 direct v.---direction n.4. silent adj.---silence n.5. safe adj.---safely adv---dangerous反义词6. beat---beat过去式7. live---alive adj. 8. move quickly from side to side, up and down, etc.---shake9. quiet---silent 10. not in danger---safe 11. give a loud cry---scream
三、重要短语
1. in the early morning 在凌晨2. feel a slight shake 感到一阵轻微的震动3.a loud noise like thunder 像雷声一样的很大的噪音4. like bombs under the ground 像埋在地下的炸弹5. scream in fear 害怕地尖叫6. run out of.../into... 跑出、跑进7. try one's best to do sth. 尽力做某事8. run in all directions/in the same direction 四处奔跑/向同一个方向逃跑9. pieces of glass and bricks 碎玻璃和碎砖10. fall down 掉落下来 11. come down 坍塌
12. calm down 冷静13. say to oneself 自言自语14. find one’s way out 找到出路15. hear shouts from excited people 听到了人们兴奋的叫喊声16. move away the bricks 挪开砖头17. at last=finally=in the end 最后18. at first=in the beginning 起初19. be asleep(状态)/fall asleep(动作) 睡着/入睡20. tell/ask sb.(not) to do sth. 叫某人(不要)做某事
三、重要句子
1.外面，当碎玻璃碎砖落下来的同时，人们正四处奔跑。
Outside, people were running in all directions while pieces of glass and bricks were falling down.
2.我什么也看不见，我不知道我旁边是否有人。
I could not see anything at all, and I did not know if anyone else was near me.
3.我感到紧张并且我的心跳得很快。I felt nervous and my heart was beating fast.
4.片刻的恐惧掠过我的脑海，但是我告诉自己要冷静因为我仍然活着。
A moment of fear went through my mind, but I told myself to calm down since I was still alive.
5.我开始慢慢地把自己拽出黑暗。I started to pull myself slowly through the dark.
6.当我止试着找出路的时候我突然听到我上方传来的噪音。
I was trying to find my way out,I suddenly heard some noise above me.
知识点睛


一.People were running in all directions while pieces of glass and bricks were falling down.当一块块的玻璃和砖块掉下来的时候，人们向四面八方跑去。
【精讲】①run in all directions 向四面八方跑
②pieces of glass and bricks 一块块的玻璃和砖块
③fall down 掉下来 【fall过去式 → fell】
练一练

1.When the earthquake came, people ran off_______.
A. in danger B. in trouble
C. in direction D. in all directions
【答案】D
2.用所给动词的适当形式填空
While l was reading the newspaper, my mother_______ (wash) the dishes.
【答案】was washin
3．—I’m going to the supermarket.
—________ you’re there, can you get me some milk?
A．Though B．Unless C．Until D．While
【答案】D
【详解】句意：—我要去超市。—当你去那儿的时候，能给我买些牛奶吗？ 考查连词辨析。Though虽然；Unless除非；Until直到；While当……的时候。根据上文“I’m going to the supermarket.”以及下文“can you get me some milk?”可知，语境为：当你去那儿的时候，能给我买些牛奶吗？while强调某时间段内一种情况发生时另一种情况出现。故选D。
二.I could not see anything at all. 我根本看不到任何东西。
【精讲】①I don’t like the teacher at all. 我一点也不喜欢这个老师。
【not ... at all 一点也不，根本不= not... a bit】
② I don’t like the teacher a little. 我非常喜欢这个老师。（不是一点点喜欢）
【not ... a little 非常，很多】
③ A：Thank you very much. 多谢你了。 B：Not at all. 不客气。
【Not at all. 含义很多：不用谢；不客气；没什么；没关系等】
练一练

1.I cannot do anything on rainy days.
I_______ do_______ on rainy days.
【答案】can; nothing
三.I did not know if anyone else was near me. 我不知道我的附近是否有其它任何人。
【精讲】①if 意为“是否”时，引导宾语从句，放在动词后，从句时态该用什么时态就用何种时态。
②if 意为“如果”时，引导条件状语从句，当主句是将来时，从句用一班现在时。
【精典考题】: I don’t know if(是否) he will come back tomorrow.
If(如果) he comes back tomorrow, I will call you.
四. ★A moment of fear went through my mind. 一阵恐惧感袭上心头/掠过我的脑海。
【精讲】①mind 作名词：精神，心力，智慧; 心胸，头脑，见解，意见等（不可数）
body and mind 身心； change one’s mind 改变某人的想法
②mind 作动词：介意、反对等
★mind sb./sb’s doing sth.
A: Do you mind me/my smoking here? 你介意我在这儿吸烟吗？
B: You’d better not. 你最好不要在这吸烟。 （表示反对）
B:Of course not./certainly not./Not at all. 当然不介意。/一点不介意。
练一练

1.Just then, a good idea went_______ my mind.
A. in B. out C. through D. by
【答案】C
五. I told myself to calm down since I was still alive. 既然我还活着，我告诉我自己要镇定。
【since连词：既然、由于（引导状语从句）】
【精讲】】①alive 【意为：活着的。只能做表语，构成系表结构，不能做定语修饰名词】
Eg: They still stayed alive after the earthquake.
② living【意为：活着的。可做表语，也可做定语修饰名词】
Eg: Mr Zhang is a living Lei Feng in our school.
③lively【意为：生动的、活泼的。可做表语，也可做定语修饰名词】
Eg: He told a very lively story about his life in America. 
Mr Yang always makes his classes lively. 【形容词作宾补】
练一练

根据汉语提示完成句子
1.既然大家都到了，我们就开始上课吧。
Let’s begin our lesson______________.
【答案】since everyone is here
2.用alive或living填空
1. My first teacher is still_______.
2. No man_______ is greater than him.
3. He wanted to keep the fish.
4. English is a_______ language.
【答案】1. living/alive 2. alive 3. alive 4. living　
3．Her mother's love keep her ________.
A．alive B．lovely C．lively D．living
【答案】A
【详解】句意：她母亲的爱使她活了下来。考查形容词辨析。alive活着的；lovely可爱的；lively活泼的；living现存的。根据“Her mother's love keep her”可知，母亲的爱让她活了下来，侧重于“生”与“死”的界限，故选A。
4．Her mother's love keep her ________.
A．alive B．lovely C．lively D．living
【答案】A
【详解】句意：她母亲的爱使她活了下来。考查形容词辨析。alive活着的；lovely可爱的；lively活泼的；living现存的。根据“Her mother's love keep her”可知，母亲的爱让她活了下来，侧重于“生”与“死”的界限，故选A。
5．—Do you know the writer called Zheng Min?
—Yes, of course. She is one of the greatest and the oldest ________ writers. She is still ________.
A．alive; living B．living; live C．living; alive D．alive; alive
【答案】C
【详解】句意：—你知道叫郑敏的作家么？—当然知道。她是最伟大最年长的在世作家之一，她仍旧活着。
考查形容词辨析。living活着的，一般作前置定语；alive活着的，一般作后置定语或表语；live现场直播的。第一处作前置定语，修饰其后的名词writers，意为“活着的”，选择living；第二处作表语，意为“活着的”，所以用alive。故选C。
六．★①asleep 形容词：睡着的（只作表语，不作定语修饰名词）反：awake 醒着的
Eg: fall asleep （无意识）入睡
②sleepy 形容词：想睡的，困倦的（只作表语，不作定语修饰名词）
Eg: feel sleepy 感到很困倦
随堂练习
一、完成句子
1．枪声响起，人群尖叫着四处奔逃。
As shots rang out, the crowd ran screaming ____________________________．
【答案】in all directions
【详解】通过中英文句子对照，可知英文句子中缺少“四处”的表达；“四处”也就是“四面八方”，是固定短语，英文表达是in all directions，故答案填in all directions。
2．我们吃饭的时候他们到了。
They arrived ________ we ________ ________ dinner.
【答案】when/while were having
【详解】对照中英文提示可知，此处缺的是“当……时”和“正在吃饭”，英语中“当……时”是when/while，是时间状语从句的连词；“吃饭”是have dinner，是延续性动词，结合语境，此处应用过去进行时，表达动作正在进行，结构是“was/were+doing”，主语是复数人称we，所以此处用were having，故填when/while，were having。
3．枪声响起，人群尖叫着四处奔逃。
As shots rang out, the crowd ran screaming ____________________________.
【答案】in all directions
【详解】四处：in all directions，因为是不同的方向，所以direction用复数形式。在句中作状语，放在句尾。故填in all directions。
4．当我长大后，我想帮助贫困地区的人们。
When I _______ _______, I want to help the people in the poor areas.
【答案】grow up
【详解】对照中英文可知，When引导的时间状语从句里需要填谓语动词，“长大”英语表达是grow up，时态为一般现在时，故填grow；up。
5．我放学到家时，爸爸正在看报纸。
Dad was reading a newspaper _______________I _______________home from school.
【答案】when got
【详解】get home“到家”，when引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时，故此处为(1). when (2). got。

分层练习

【基础练习】
一
1. They went in the_______(方向) of the post office,
2. The film was_______ (结束) at ten o’clock last night.
3. The man lost his life in the traffic_______(事故).
4. _______ (自然地) he won the prize because of his hard work.
5. I’ve looked for my money_______ (到处) , but I still can’t find it.
6. I told myself to calm down s_______ I was still alive.
7. She heard a loud noise of t_______ at first.
8. When the child is in trouble, he often s_______ for his mother.
9. I began to say to m_______, “Can I go alone?”
【答案】1. direction 2. over 3. accident 4. Naturally 5. everywhere
6. since 7. thunder 8 screams 9.myself
二、写出下列句子的同义句。
1. It rained heavily last week,
_______ _______ a _______ rain last week.
2. We walked to the bus stop.
We_______ to the bus stop_______ _______.
3. The earthquake killed thousands of people.
Thousands of people_______ _______ _______ in the earthquake.
4. I was doing my homework when Mr. Wu told us to go home.
_______ I was doing my homework, Mr. Wu told us to go home.
5. We should get out as soon as possible when a house is on fire.
We should get out as soon as_______ _______ when a house_______ _______.
【答案】1. There was; heavy 2.went; on foot 3. lost their lives 4. While 5. we can; catches fire
三、根据汉语提示完成下列各句。
1.我的汽车在我回家的路上坏了。
____________________________________________________________________________
2.掠过我头脑的惊恐片刻使我害怕，但是我告诉自己要冷静。
____________________________________________________________________________
3.三天前一场暴风雪袭击了北京，整座城市被白雪覆盖了。
____________________________________________________________________________
4.坏天气有时会导致自然灾害。
____________________________________________________________________________
5.我们在风中丢了伞，只好慢慢地在暴风雪中行走。
____________________________________________________________________________
【答案】1. My car broke down on my way home.
2. A moment of fear went through my mind, but I told myself to calm down.
3. Three days ago a snowstorm hit Beijing and the whole city was covered with snow.
4. Bad weather sometimes causes natural disasters.
5. We lost our umbrellas in the wind, so we had to walk slowly in the snow.
四、用所给动词的正确形式填空。
1. —When did you see Carl, Tom? —I saw him while I _____ (get) off the train.
2. Our Maths teacher ______ (prepare) the new lesson with other teachers in the office from 2 to 4 yesterday afternoon.
3. —Your parents are at your home. 一I_______(think) they would come tomorrow.
4. Betty sat there, _____ (chat) with her friend on the Internet when Sam came in.
5. —Did you notice him come in just now? —No, I _____ (type) letters all the time.
【答案】1. was getting 2. was preparing 3. thought 4. chatting 5. was typing
五、句型转换。
1. A snowball hit him. Peter was hiding behind the tree. (合并成一个句子，不改变意思)
Peter was hiding behind the tree_______ a snowball hit him.
2. I read the book written by Lu Xun last summer. (用 at this time yesterday改写句子)
I _____ _____ the book written by Lu Xun at this time yesterday.
3. It snowed heavily last night. (改为同义句)
There ________________________________________________________________.
4. He drove slowly because it was raining heavily. (改为同义句)
_____________________________________________________________________.
5. people, the, kill, accident, did, car, any (?) (连词成句)
_____________________________________________________________________.
【答案】1. when 2. was reading 3. was a heavy snow last night 4. He drove slowly because of the heavy rain.
5. Did the accident kill any people?

【能力拓展】

完型填空
It was 3:43. Thunder (雷) was crashing and the rain was pouring. Suddenly my father rushed 1 my room. “Adam! Adam! Get up!” He shouted and 2 me by the shoulders. That woke me up! I ran downstairs to the basement (地下室). It was like a swimming pool. My mother and I immediately started to 3 things and take them upstairs. I had no shoes on, so my feet felt quite cold.
Things got 4 every minute. Within the next hour, we had moved everything that we could to the first floor. The computer, big-screen TV and heavy boxes filled with our most valuable things were taken to safety. 5 , our piano, sofa, washing machine and water beater were all still down there — being destroyed. There was nothing we could do.
Knowing that your home is being destroyed is bad enough, but realizing that you can’t do anything to 6 it feels even worse. Water had come in our front door. Rescue (营救) boats were floating in our streets. Mother told 7 to pack an overnight bag of clothes and valuables and get ready to leave.
When it was 8 safe to walk outside, all the people in the neighborhood gathered at the street corner. People became friends, 9 friends became like family. People comforted (安慰) each other. We learnt later that the storm became a flash flood.
I really have learned 10 from this flood. I’ve learned what destruction (毀灭) is and what safety means. I know in the future, when I watch people’s lives affected by natural disasters, I can understand them. I will show my great pity on them and try my best to help them.
1．A．on B．from C．into D．at
2．A．beat B．shook C．touched D．hit
3．A．take up B．make up C．pick up D．set up
4．A．better B．worse C．easier D．more
5．A．However B．Like C．Instead D．For example
6．A．keep B．throw C．afford D．stop
7．A．her B．them C．me D．you
8．A．hardly B．quickly C．finally D．slowly
9．A．so B．or C．and D．but
10．A．anything B．something C．everything D．nothing
【答案】1．C2．B3．C4．B5．A6．D7．C8．C9．C10．B
【分析】文章讲述了作者家园遭遇了洪水的经历，从这个经历中，让作者明白了毁灭和安全意味着什么，也让他意识到应该理解和帮助那些因为自然灾害而无家可归的人们。
1．句意：突然，我父亲冲进我的房间。on在……上；from从……；into进入；at在……点时；根据“Adam! Adam! Get up...”可知，此处应该是爸爸冲进作者的房间，rush into“冲进”，故选C。
2．句意：他一边喊一边摇着我的肩膀。beat打败；shook摇动；touched触摸；hit打击。根据“That woke me up! I ran downstairs to the basement”可知，因为遭遇洪水，爸爸很着急要把作者叫醒，所以是摇着作者的肩膀，故选B。
3．句意：我和妈妈立即开始收拾东西，把它们带到楼上。take up从事；make up编造；pick up收拾；set up建立。根据“take them upstairs”可知，是收拾东西并把它们带上楼，故选C。
4．句意：情况每时每刻都在恶化。better更好；worse更糟；easier更容易的；more更多。根据“our piano, sofa, washing machine and water beater were all still down there — being destroyed. There was nothing we could do.”可知，事情变得越来越糟了，故选B。
5．句意：然而，我们的钢琴，沙发，洗衣机和热水器都还在下面——被毁了。However然而；Like像；Instead代替；For example例如。“The computer, big-screen TV and heavy boxes filled with our most valuable things were taken to safety.”与“our piano, sofa, washing machine and water beater were all still down there — being destroyed.”之间是转折关系，应用however，故选A。
6．句意：但当意识到你无能为力时，感觉更糟了。keep保持；throw扔；afford负担得起；stop停止。根据“but realizing that you can’t do anything”及“it feels even worse”可知，看着家园被洪水摧毁，但是又无法做什么事情来阻止它，这种感觉更糟糕，故选D。
7．句意：妈妈叫我收拾一个睡袋，里面装着衣服和贵重物品，准备离开。her她；them他们；me我；you你。根据“My mother and I immediately started...”可知，是妈妈告诉“我”要带好东西准备离开，故选C。
8．句意：当人们终于可以安全地走到外面时，附近所有的人都聚集在街角。hardly几乎不；quickly快速地；finally终于；slowly慢慢地。根据“all the people in the neighborhood gathered at the street corner.”可知，最终可以安全地走出去时，才发现附近的人都聚集在街角，故选C。
9．句意：人们变成了朋友，朋友变成了家人。so所以；or或者；and和；but但是。“People became friends”与“friends became like family”是并列顺承关系，故选C。
10．句意：我真的从这次洪水中学到了一些东西。anything任何事；something某事；everything一切事物；nothing没什么事。根据“I’ve learnt what destruction (毀灭) is and what safety means...”可知，作者从这次洪水中学到了某些事情，故选B。