高考必考语法精讲精练专题九：定语从句 Word版含解析

这是一份高考必考语法精讲精练专题九：定语从句 Word版含解析，共11页。
定语从句是比较重要的语法项目。《2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》附录语法项目表中将定语从句列为必考项。全国卷新课标Ⅰ对定语从句的考查一般在语法填空和短文改错中，主要考查定语从句引导词的用法。
2015年高考全国卷Ⅰ第64题（语法填空）考查了定语从句引导词that/which。
2016年高考全国卷Ⅰ第65题（语法填空）考查了定语从句的引导词when。
2017年高考全国卷Ⅰ第70题（语法填空）考查了定语从句的引导词which。
基本概念： 定语从句:在复合句中修饰名词或代词、充当定语的句子叫定语从句。因其功能相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句。
先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
关系词:引导定语从句的词，也叫引导词。分为关系代词（wh，whm，that，which，whse ,as）和关系副词(where，when，why)。关系词要在定语从句中作某个成分，如主语、宾语、状语等。
限制性定语从句：对先行词起修饰限定作用的定语从句。
非限制性定语从句：对先行词或主句起补充说明作用的定语从句，通常引导词和先行词之间用逗号隔开 。
关系词及其意义：
关系代词和关系副词功能有三个：①用来引导定语从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。②关系代词和关系副词可作定语从句的一个成分。关系代词可作主语、宾语、定语；关系副词可作状语。③关系代词和关系副词在从句中代替在他前面的先行词。
关系词
先行词
从句成分
例 句
备 注
关
系
代 词
wh
人
主语
D yu knw the man wh is talking with yur mther?
whm, which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用that
whm
人
宾语
Mr. Smith is the persn with whm I am wrking
The by (whm) she lved died in the war..
whse
人或物
定语
I like thse bks whse tpics are abut histry.
The by whse father wrks abrad is my desk mate.
that
人或物
主语、宾语
A plane is a machine that can fly.
She is the pp star (that) I want t see very much.
which
物
主语、宾语
The bk (which) I gave yu was wrth $10.
The picture which was abut the accident was terrible.
as
人或物
主语、宾语
He is such a persn as is respected by all f us.
This is the same pen as I lst yesterday.
as做宾语一般不省略
关
系
副 词
when
时间
时间状语
I will never frget the day when we met there.
可用n which替换
where
地点
地点状语
This is the huse where I was brn.
可用in which替换
why
原因
原因状语
I can’t imagine the reasn why he turned dwn my ffer.
可用fr which替换
一、关系代词引导的定语从句
1．wh 指人，在定语从句中作主语。
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①The bys wh are playing ftball are frm Class One.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②Yesterday I helped an ld man wh had lst his way.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③ That is the teacher wh teaches us physics.
2．whm 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①Mr Liu is the persn ( whm ) yu talked abut n the bus.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②Li Ming is just the by ( whm ) I want t see.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③The prfessr ( whm ) yu are waiting fr has cme.
= 4 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ④The girl ( whm ) the teacher ften praises is ur mnitr. 注意：关系代词whm 在口语或非正式文体中常可用wh 来代替，也可省略。
The man ( whm / wh )yu met just nw is my ld friend.
3．which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语可省略。
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①Ftball is a game which is liked by mst bys.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②The factry which makes cmputers is far away frm here.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③He likes t read bks which are written by freign writers.
= 4 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ④The huse which is by the lake lks nice.
= 5 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ⑤This is the pen ( which ) he bught yesterday.
= 6 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ⑥The film ( which ) they saw last night was nt interesting at all.
4．that 指人时，相当于wh 或whm；指物时，相当于which。
在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可以省略。
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①The number f peple that / wh cme t visit this city every
year reaches ne millin.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②Where is the man that / whm I saw this mrning?
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③The persn that /whm yu intrduced t me is very kind.
= 4 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ④The seasn that / which cmes after spring is summer.
= 5 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ⑤Yesterday I received a letter that / which came frm Australia.
5．whse 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①I visited a scientist whse name is knwn all ver the cuntry.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②He has a friend whse father is a dctr.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③I nce lived in the huse whse rf has fallen.
注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①The classrm whse dr is brken will sn be repaired.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②The classrm the dr f which is brken will sn be repaired.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③D yu like the bk whse cver is yellw?
= 4 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ④D yu like the bk the cver f which is yellw?
关系代词that 与 which的区别
（一）只用that不用which的情况：
1、先行词是everything, nthing, anything, much, little, nne等不定代词或由不定代词any, sme, n, much, few, little, every, all等修饰时, 引导定语从句用that不用which。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stlen.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②There seems t be nthing that is impssible t him in the
wrld.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③There is little that I can d fr yu.
2、先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰且指物时, 引导定语从句用that 。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①This is the best bk that I have ever read.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②The first place that they visited in Lndn was the Big Ben.
3、先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that 。如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①We talked abut the things and persns that we saw then.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②Lk at the man and his dg that are walking up the street.
4、先行词被the nly，the very, just the等修饰且指物时,引导定语从句用that。例如：
This is the very dictinary that I want t buy.
注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词wh。例如：
He is the nly persn that I want t see nw.
5、当先行词前面有wh/which等疑问代词时，只用that。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①Wh is the man that is standing there?
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②Which is the T-shirt that fits me mst?
6、定语从句内容为解释名词的性质、概念时，需用that。例如：
A plane is a machine that can fly.
（二）只用which不用that的情况
1、指物，介词后。例如：
I still remember the day n which I first gt t Paris.
2、用于非限制定语从句中。例如：
She heard a terrible nise，which brught her heart int her muth.
3、先行词是that, thse时。例如：
That is the bk which I brrwed frm the library.
4、一个句子有两个定语从句，为避免重复，一个用that，另一个用which。例如：
Is there anything that is nt expensive which we can buy fr her as a gift?
二、the way作先行词的定语从句
比较下列句子，理解关系词，并分析原因：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①The way (that/in which/×) he answered the questin was surprising.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②I dn’t like the way (that /in which) yu laugh at her.
归纳：
当关系词在定语从句中作状语时，关系词用in which ，that或者省略；
当关系词在定语从句中作主语时，关系词用that或which；
当关系词在定语从句中作宾语时，关系词用that，which或省略。
三、介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①The schl (which / that) he nce studied in is very famus.
=The schl in which he nce studied is very famus.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ② I’ll bring here the magazine (which/that) yu asked fr.
= I’ll bring here the magazine fr which yu asked.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③This is the by (whm/wh/that) I played tennis with
yesterday.
=This is the by with whm I played tennis yesterday.
= 4 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ④We’ll g t hear the famus singer (whm /wh /that) we
have ften talked abut.
=We’ll g t hear the famus singer abut whm we have
ften talked.
1、单个介词（in/with/n/by）+关系代词(whm, which)
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①The tw thingf which they felt very prud were Jim’s gld watch and Della’s hair.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②A harvester is a man wh is harvesting r a machine with which we harvest crps.
注意：介词确定的依据
A、依从句中的动词,形容词,名词与介词的固定搭配而定；
B、依先行词与从句中动词的关系及所表达的含义而定。
2、介词短语+关系代词(which, whm, whse)
常用的介词短语有:sme f, bth f, as a result f, at the back f， because f, in frnt f, in the middle f, at the bttm f, n the tp f, at the ft f等。
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①There is a great pain in my right ft, because f which I can nly limp alng.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②They arrived at a farmhuse, in frnt f which sat an ld man.
注意:含有介词的动词短语一般不能拆开,如lk after, lk fr, take care f, take part in, lk frward t等。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①This is the watch (which / that) I am lking fr. (正)
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②This is the watch fr which I am lking .(误)
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③The babies (whm / wh / that) the nurse is lking after are
very healthy.(正)
= 4 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ④The babies after whm the nurse is lking are very healthy.（误）
3、单个介词+关系代词(which, whse)+名词
介词要依介词与关系代词后的名词的搭配习惯而定。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①He lived in Lndn fr three mnths, during which time he learned sme English.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②Our English teacher, with whse help we have made great prgress in English, has cmpleted thirty years f teaching.
4、the+名词+f+关系代词(which, whm)结构中的名词和后面的关系代词有所属关系。例如：
This is the bk the cver f which is designed by Mr Jnes.
=This is the bk, whse cver is designed by Mr Jnes.
5、部分词汇/结构+f+关系代词
(1)all, bth, nne ,neither ,either, many, mst, few, several, enugh, half, sme, any , ne, tw, three, the majrity, a number, the yungest等。
(2)数词(基数词,序数词,百分数,分数)+名词
(3)the+形容词最高级/比较级
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①Here are tw pairs f scks, either f which yu may chse.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②The ftball team has 15 members ,the ldest f whm is 25 years ld.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③He lves his parents deeply, bth f whm are very kind t him.
= 4 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ④There are many apples, sme f which have gne bad.
= 5 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ⑤There are frty students in ur class, mst f whm are frm big cities.
= 6 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ⑥He has written ten stries，three f which are abut cuntry life.
四、关系代词as与which的用法
as 和which 引导非限制性定语从句时， 其用法有相同之处，也有不同之处。具体情况是：
1. as 和which都可以在定语从句中做主语或宾语，代表前面整个句子。如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①He married her, as / which was natural.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②He is hnest, as / which we can see.
2. as 引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前、主句之后，甚至还可以分割主句。 which 引导的非限制性定语从句只可放在主句之后。另外，as 常常有“正如、正像”的含义。如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①As is knwn t all, China is a develping cuntry.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②He is frm the suth, as we can knw frm his accent.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③Jhn, as yu knw, is a famus writer.
= 4 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ④The air quality in the city, as is shwn in the reprt, has imprved ver the past tw mnths.(2012·福建高考)
= 5 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ⑤He has been t Paris ten times, which I dn’t believe.
注意：当主句和从句之间存在着逻辑上的因果关系时，关系词往往只用which。如 = 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①Tm was late fr schl again and again, which made his
teacher very angry.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②This table is made f metal, which made it very heavy.
3. 当先行词受such, the same 修饰时，关系词常用as。 如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①I’ve never heard such stries as he tells.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②He is nt such a fl as he lks.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③This is the same dictinary as I lst last week.
注意：当先行词受the same 修饰时，也可能用 that引导定语从句，但与as引导的定语从句意思有区别。如：
She wre the same dress that she wre at Mary’s wedding.
她穿着她在玛丽婚礼上穿过的同一条连衣裙。
She wre the same dress as her yunger sister wre.
她穿着跟她妹妹所穿的一样的连衣裙。
五、关系副词引导的定语从句
1. when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①I still remember the day when I first came t this schl.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②The time when we gt tgether finally arrived.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③Octber 1, 1949 was the day when the Peple’s Republic f
China was funded.
2. where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①Shanghai is the city where I was brn.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②The huse where I lived ten years ag has been pulled dwn. = 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③I visited the farm where a lt f cws were raised .
= 4 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ④Is this the place where they fught the enemy?
3.why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①Please tell me the reasn why yu missed the plane.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②The reasn why he was punished is unknwn t us.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③I dn’t knw the reasn why he lks unhappy tday.
注意：引导定语从句的关系副词可以用“介词+which”来替换。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①I still remember the day when(=n which) I first came t this schl.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②Great changes have taken place where(in which) we live.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③The reasn why (=fr which) he refused the invitatin is quite clear.
六、一些特殊词之后的where
如果定语从句用来修饰pint, situatin, part, cnditin和case等表示抽象意义的词，并且作状语，要用where 引导定语从句，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”，这种现象叫做地点模糊化。常见的表地点的模糊化名词还有：ccasin, circumstance, state,degree, extent, stage, level, perid,aspect等。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①I have cme t the pintwhere I can’t stand him.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②The cuntry is in the situatinwhere a war will break ut at any time.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③We are trying t reach a pintwhere bth sides will sit dwn tgether and talk.
= 4 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ④I can think f many cases where students bviusly knw a lt f English wrds and expressins but culdn’t write a gd essay.
= 5 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ⑤It’s helpful t put children in a situatin where they can see themselves differently.
注意：如果不作状语，则用关系代词that/which。例如：
Remember that there is still ne pint which we must make clear at the cnference tmrrw.
高考英语短文改错及语法填空分析与训练·定语从句
考点规律分析:定语从句短文改错考点主要涉及定语从句引导词的误用、缺失以及多余；语法填空主要考查根据先行词及上下文填合适的引导词。
定语从句单句改错之真题训练：
1. …in ther places yu are limited t a certain number, f that sme may be nvels. (全国卷)
2. I als enjyed the evenings when we spent tgether. (全国卷)
3. I live in Beijing, where is the capital f China. (全国卷)
4. I have a gd friend wh’s name is Liu Mei. (福建卷)
5.(2016·四川)The dishes what I cked were Mm’s favrite.
定语从句单句改错之模拟训练：
1. He is the man his car was stlen.
2. That’s the htel which we were staying last summer.
3. That’s the palace where we visited last summer.
4.It’s really a beautiful place, where everyne hpes t visit.
定语从句单句改错之提升训练：
1. This is the factry where we visited last week.
2. This is the watch fr which Tm is lking.
3. The persn t wh yu spke is a student f Grade Tw.
4. The huse in that we live is very small.
5. The sun gives ff light and warmth, that makes it pssible fr plants t grw.
6. I’ve read all the bks which I brrwed frm the library.
7. This is the best film which I have ever seen.
8. My father and Mr. Smith talked abut things and persns wh they remembered in the cuntry.
9. Everything which we saw was f great interest.
10. His dg, that was nw very ld, became ill and died.
11. The reasn which he didn’t g t schl is that he was ill.
12. Thse wh wants t g with me put up yur hands.
13. The by, his mther died last year, studies very hard.
14. I have tw sisters, bth f them are dctrs.
15. We’re ging t visit the schl where yur brther wrks there.
16. He is the nly ne f the students wh have been invited t the English Evening.
17. That is the way which they wrk.
18. Thse have questins can ask the teachers fr advice.
19. Wh is the man wh has white hairs?
20. I will never frget the days which we had a gdtime tgether at the sea.
定语从句单句语法填空之真题训练：
1.(2016·全国Ⅰ，65)My cnnectin with pandas ges back t my days n a TV shw in the mid－1980s, ________ I was the first Western TV reprter.
2.(2016·全国Ⅱ，阅读A)Simn is a cmedian and actr _______has 10 years’ experience f teaching cmedy.
3.(2016·全国Ⅱ，阅读D)Frank Hurley, a cnfident and gifted Australian phtgrapher wh knew the Antarctic, was hired t make the images, mst f ________have never befre been published.
4.(2016·全国Ⅲ，47)Sme peple think that the great Chinese schlar Cnfucius，________lived frm rughly 551 t 479 B．C, influenced the develpment f chpsticks.
5.(2016·全国Ⅲ，完形)When I was 13 my nly purpse was t becme the star n ur ftball team.That meant beating ut Miller King, ________was the best player at ur schl.
6.(2016·北京，22)I live next dr t a cuple________children ften make a lt f nise.
7.(2016·四川，阅读C)I prefer t wrk in black and white, ________ allws me t shw different specific wrlds mre clearly.
8.(2016·四川，阅读D)Researchers have discvered that “night milk” cntains mre melatnin(褪黑激素), ________has been prven t help peple feel sleepy and reduce anxiety.
9.(2016·江苏，23)Many yung peple, mst f________were well－educated，headed fr remte regins t chase their dreams.
10.(2016·浙江，11)Scientists have advanced many theries abut why human beings cry tears, nne f ________ has been prved.
11.(2015·江苏，21)The number f smkers, ________ is reprted, has drpped by 17 percent in just ne year.
12.(2015·湖南，29)It is a truly delightful place, ________ lks the same as it must have dne 100 years ag with its winding streets and pretty cttages.
13.(2015·浙江，19)Creating an atmsphere in ________ emplyees feel part f a team is a big challenge.
14.(2015·重庆，14)He wrte many children's bks, nearly half f ________ were published in the 1990s.
15.(2015·四川，3)The bks n the desk，________ cvers are shiny，are prizes fr us.
16.(2015·安徽，28)Sme experts think reading is the fundamental skill upn________schl educatin depends.
17.(2015·福建，34)ChinaTday attracts a wrldwide readership，________ shws that mre and mre peple all ver the wrld want t learn abut China.
18.(2014·安徽，22)The exact year ________ Angela and her family spent tgether in China was 2008.
19.(2014·北京，26)I brrwed the bk SherlckHlmes frm the library last week，________ my classmates recmmended t me.
20.(2014·山东，10)A cmpany ________ prfits frm hme markets are declining may seek pprtunities abrad.
21.(2014·重庆，9)We'll reach the sales targets in a mnth ________we set at the beginning f the year.
22.(2014·四川，4)Until nw，we have raised 50,000 punds fr the pr children，________ is quite unexpected.
23.(2014·陕西，13)Please send us all the infrmatin ________ yu have abut the candidate fr the psitin.
24.(2015·北京，24)Oppsite is St.Paul's Church, ________ yu can hear sme lvely music.
25.(2015·陕西，15)As the smallest child f his family，Alex is always lnging fr the time ________he shuld be able t be independent.
26.(2015·天津，15)The bss f the cmpany is trying t create an easy atmsphere ________ his emplyees enjy their wrk.
27.(2014·福建，31)Students shuld invlve themselves in cmmunity activities ________ they can gain experience fr grwth.
28.(2014·浙江，5)I didn't becme a serius climber until the fifth grade，________ I went up t rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches f a tree.
学习札记：
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参考答案及解析
定语从句单句改错之真题训练：
1.that 改为 which，因介词后要用 which 来引导定语从句
2.去掉 when 或将 when 改为 that，因这里的定语从句中谓语动词(spent)缺宾语，故只能用关系代词 that或将其省略
3.where 改为 which，因此处要填关系代词作主语
4.wh’s 改为 whse，因wh’s=wh is，不仅结构错误，而且意思也不通；whse 引导定语从句，表示“……的”
定语从句单句改错之模拟训练：
1. his 改为 whse，whse 在此引导定语从句。
2.which 改为 where，where引导定语从句且在从句中用作状语；此题还可在staying后加in。
3. where 改为 which / that，也可去掉 where，因visit为及物动词，此处应用关系代词作其宾语（也可省略）。
4.where 改为 which，which 在此引导非限定性定语从句，且在从句中用作宾语(用作 visit 的宾语)。
5．what→which/that或去掉what 考查定语从句，并在从句中作宾语，指物，用关系代词that/which，也可省略。
定语从句单句改错之提升训练：
1. where→that/which或去掉where。
2. 把fr放在lking之后。英语中,有些短语动词,介词或副词不可与动词相分离。又如:lk after, run int等。
3. wh→whm。尽管在口语中wh, whm都能作宾语,但在介词后只能用whm。
4. that→which。
5. that→which。that不可以引导非限制性定语从句。
6. which→that或去掉which。当先行词被all, every, n,sme, any, little等修饰时,常用that引导定语从句。
7. which→that或去掉which。当先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级或the nly,the very等所修饰时,常用that引导定语从句。
8. wh→that。如果先行词既指人又指物时,常用that引导定语从句。
9. which→that或去掉which。当先行词为smething, anything,everything, nthing, all等时,常由that引导定语从句。
10. that→which。
11. which→why/which前加fr或去掉which。
12. wants→want。定语从句中谓语动词的数应与先行词一致。
13. his→whse。
14. them→whm或bth前加and。
15. 去掉there。
16. have→has。当ne f+名词复数作先行词时,从句的谓语用复数;但是当ne前有the (nly)时,从句谓语要用单数。
17. which→that/which前加in或去掉which。
18. Thse后加wh。
19. 第二个wh→that。当主句是以wh 或which开头的疑问句时, 定语从句常用that 引导, 以避免重复。
20. which→when或which前加in。
定语从句单句语法填空之真题训练：
1．when [由句子结构可以判断这是一个定语从句，先行词是表示时间的in the mid－1980s，从句中缺少状语，因此填写关系副词when。]
2．wh/that [考查定语从句的关系代词，先行词是a cmedian and actr，在从句中做主语，所以用wh或者that。]
3．which [考查定语从句。介词后跟关系代词，先行词为images，所以用which。]
4．wh [考查定语从句。后面是非限制性定语从句，先行词指人，故用wh。]
5．wh [考查定语从句。先行词为Miller King，故用wh。]
6．whse [考查定语从句。句意：我住在一对夫妇的隔壁，他们的孩子经常弄出很大的噪音。先行词为cuple，由句意可知children与cuple之间为所属关系，故用关系代词whse。]
7．which [考查非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词是前面的整个句子。]
8．which [考查非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词是melatnin。]
9．whm [考查定语从句的用法。句意：很多年轻人前往偏远地区去追逐他们的梦想，他们中的很多人都受过良好教育。根据句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，先行词为Many yung peple，作介词f的宾语，故要用whm。]
10．which [考查定语从句。句意：科学家们已经提出许多关于人类为什么哭泣会流泪的理论，其中没有一个已被证明的。分析句子成分可知，空处引导定语从句，此处是非限制性定语从句，which代替many theries，故应用 which引导该定语从句。]
11.as [句意：据报道，吸烟者的数量在一年内下降了17%。as引导的定语从句，在这里作主语，意为“正如……，这一点”，代替整个主句的内容。]
12．which [句意：这真是一个令人开心的地方，它看起来和一百年前一模一样，有着蜿蜒的街道和漂亮的小屋。which代替先行词place，在定语从句中用作主语，引导非限制性定语从句。不可用that。]
13．which [句意：创造一种使员工感到自己是团队一部分的氛围是一大挑战。先行词为an atmsphere，在从句中作地点状语，此处in which相当于where。作介词宾语不可用that。]
14．which [句意：他写了很多的儿童书，其中接近一半是在20世纪90年代出版的。根据句子结构以及选项可知是考查非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语。此处关系代词which代指前面的bks，作介词f的宾语。]
15．whse [考查定语从句。句意：桌上的书是给我们的奖励，那些书的封面闪闪发光。本题考查非限制性定语从句的连接词，先行词为the bks，和cvers之间是所有关系，故用whse。]
16．which [句意：一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。 考查定语从句。depend n/upn依靠，依赖，介词后只能用which或whm来构成定语从句的引导词， 先行词为物，故用which。]
17．which [句意：《中国日报》吸引了全世界的读者，这表明世界上越来越多的人想了解中国。先行词是前面的整个主句，在从句中作主语，用which来引导。]
18．which/that/不填 [考查定语从句。句意：Angela和她的家人一起呆在中国的那一年是2008年。先行词the exact year在定语从句中作spent的宾语且指物，故用which也可用that或省略。]
19．which [考查非限制性定语从句。句意：上个星期，我从图书馆借了同学给我推荐的《大侦探福尔摩斯》。先行词the bk在定语从句中作recmmend的宾语，所以要用关系代词，先行词是物，故用which。]
20．whse [考查定语从句。句意：利润来源于国内市场且在下降的公司可以到国外寻找机会。此处关系代词whse作定语。]
21．which [考查定语从句。句意：一个月之后我们就能完成年初制定的销售目标。先行词targets在从句中作set的宾语，故要用关系代词which。]
22．which [考查定语从句关系词的用法。显然这是一个非限制性定语从句。句意：到目前为止我们已经为贫困儿童筹集了5万英镑，这是我们始料未及的。which指代整个主句。]
23．that [考查定语从句。句意：请把所有有关这个职位候选人的信息发给我们。先行词infrmatin在定语从句中充当have的宾语，前面又有all来修饰，故只能用that，不用which。]
24.where [句意：对面是圣保罗教堂，在那里你可以听到一些优美的音乐。先行词是St.Paul's Church，从句主谓宾成分完整，去掉空后依然是完整的句子，可推断出关系词在从句中作的是地点状语，故用where。]
25．when [句意：作为家里最小的孩子，Alex总是盼望着他有独立的时间。考查定语从句。定语从句的先行词是time，后面的从句是完整的句子，先行词在从句中充当状语，所以填when。]
26．where [句意：该公司的老板试图创造轻松的氛围，这样他的员工就可以享受工作的乐趣。考查定语从句。先行词为an easy atmsphere，在从句中作地点状语，故要用where。]
27．where [考查定语从句。句意：学生应该潜心于社区活动之中，在这些活动中，他们可以获取成长的经验。在定语从句中缺少地点状语，故用where。]
28．when [考查定语从句。句意：直到五年级，我才真正会爬树，当时，我爬上一棵树，拿下了挂在树枝上的风筝。后面的定语从句是完整的句子；先行词为the fifth grade，表时间概念，所以填when。]