【知识点讲义】外研版英语八年级下册-Module 2 知识点讲义

Module 2

Unit 1

考点1

enter /entə / v.(使) 参加；(使) 报名

e.g. About 500 students entered the competition.

大约500 名学生参加了比赛。

When we tried to enter the house, some men stopped us.

当我们试图进入房子时，一些人拦住了我们。

Simon looks worried because he ________ a writing competition and now he’s waiting for the result.

A. received                                 B. entered

C. took part                                 D. passed

考点2

competition/ kɒmpətɪʃn / n. 比赛；竞争

e.g. He won first prize in the speaking competition.

他在演讲比赛中获得一等奖。

The competition can push you to do the best.

竞争会敦促你做到最好。

考点3

win /wɪn/ v. (to be the most successful in a contest or competition) 赢；获胜

e.g. He who does not hope to win has already lost.

不希望赢的人已经输了。

Tom won first prize in the writing competition.

汤姆在写作竞赛中赢得了一等奖。

The football team played well, but they didn’t _________ the competition. [天津]

A. score                                     B. do

C. succeed                                 D. win

考点4

dream /driːm/ n. 梦想

e.g. The house in the picture is so lovely. It is my dream house.

图片中的这座房子太可爱了。它是我梦寐以求的房子。

China Dream is made up of every ordinary person’s dream. We should do our best to make our dream come true.

中国梦由每个普通人的梦想组成。我们应该尽自己最大的努力去实现我们的梦想。

Whenever I see the birds, I’ll ________ flying in the sky.

A. think up                                 B. dream of

C. work on                                 D. pick up

考点5

ever /evə/ adv. 曾经；从来；在任何时候

e.g. Have you ever been to Beijing?

你曾经去过北京吗？

Has your elder brother ever spoken to a foreigner?

你哥哥曾经和外国人交谈过吗？

Have you ________ visited the Great Wall?

A. ever                                B. before

C. did                                  D. done

考点6

afford /əfɔːd/ v. ( 有财力) 买得起，付得起

e.g. Many people can’t afford a new house now.

现在许多人买不起新房子。

We can’t afford to go abroad this summer.

今年夏天我们负担不起去国外。

根据首字母提示写单词

Most of us can’t a                   to buy the car, for it costs a lot of money. [自贡]

考点7

stop doing sth. 停止做某事

e.g. They were very tired, so they stopped working.

他们很累了，所以停止了工作。

He felt very tired, so he stopped to drink a cup of coffee.

他感到很累，于是停下来去喝了杯咖啡。

—Come and see! The baby is crying.

—Please do something to make him _______. [咸宁]

A. stop crying                           B. stop to cry

C. crying                                   D. cry

考点8

That’s a pity. 真可惜。/ 很遗憾。

e.g. —He missed the early bus. 他错过了早班公共汽车。

—That’s/What a pity. 太可惜了。

It’s a pity to throw the food away. 扔掉食物真可惜。

It’s a pity that you can’t stay longer.

你不能再多停留些时间，真是可惜。

—We will go to interview a scientist tomorrow, and I’d like you to go with us.

—________! I’ll have an important meeting to attend.

A. Congratulations                        B. What a pity

C. Good idea                                 D. A good job

考点9

动词不定式短语作目的状语的用法

e.g. To feed the family, some children’s parents leave their hometown to work in big cities.

为了养家，一些孩子的父母离开家乡到大城市打工。

She has made a plan to improve her English.

她制订了一个计划来提高她的英语水平。

—Why do many farmers put their products online these days?

—________ them more easily. [成都]

A. To sell                    B. Sell                 C. Selling

考点10

need /niːd/ v. 需要

e.g. He needs to have a good rest.

他需要好好休息一下。

They don’t need your help. 他们不需要你的帮助。

The computer needs repairing. 这台电脑需要修理。

I needn’t tell him. 我不需要告诉他。

Need he do the homework first? 他需要先做作业吗？

根据汉语提示完成句子

科学家们认为，我们只需打开厨房里的打印机，然后就能享用我们最爱的食物。

Scientists believe that we just _____________ a printer in the kitchen and then we can enjoy our favourite food.

考点11

make up 编写；创作

e.g. Can you make them up into stories or novels?

你能把它们编写成故事或小说吗？

We need one more person to make up a team.

我们还需要一个人才组成一个队。

The teacher asked the students to _________ a story about a trip to the moon. [随州]

A. give up                                  B. turn up

C. cut up                                    D. make up

考点12

invite /ɪnvaɪt / v. (to ask sb. to come to a social event) 邀请

e.g. Lucy, why not invite some of your friends to have dinner with us?

露西，为什么不邀请你的一些朋友和我们一起用餐呢？

根据汉语提示写单词

Our school _________ (邀请) several heroes to the graduation ceremony last year.

考点13

过去分词短语作后置定语的用法

e.g. The book named The Ordinary World is a long novel written by a famous Chinese writer, Lu Yao. 名叫《平凡的世界》的那本书是中国著名作家路遥写的一部长篇小说。（句中named..., written... 为过去分词短语作定语）

Smartphones ________ by Huawei are getting more and more popular around the world. [成都]

A. made                B. making               C. to make

一、根据汉语或首字母提示写出正确的单词

1.I felt very happy about my 　　　　　 (奖品).

2.Tom has never entered any writing 　　　　　 (比赛).

3.Thank you very much for 　　　　 (邀请)me to your party.(遂宁)

4.(热点题)—What do you think of the movie The Continent?

—It's wonderful. The only p　　　　 is that I missed the beginning of it.

5.Everyone has his or her own d　　　　 about life, study, hobbies, vacation and so on.

二、用方框中所给词的适当形式填空

6.　　　　 she can come here before seven o'clock.

7.I had a wonderful 　　　　 during the holiday.

8.Grace 　　　　 this game every time we play.(河北改编)

9.—Have you 　　　　 visited the Great Wall？

  —Yes, I have been there three times.

10.The boy 　　　　 about becoming a pilot (飞行员)one day.

三、单项选择

11.I can't afford 　　　　 a ticket for the match.

A. buy              B. buys 

C. to buy          D. buying

12.How kind you are！You always do what you can

     　　　　  others.(绵阳)

A. help              B. helping 

C. helps             D. to help

13.My friend invited me 　　　　 the art club and I accepted it with pleasure.(上海)

A. join     B. to join      C. joined      D. joining

14.—Mrs. Zhang was sent to teach English in a poor mountain village last year.

—She said she would never forget some pleasant 　　     while working there.

A. experiments        B. expressions

C. experiences         D. emotions

15.　　　　the children have watched the cartoon How To Train Your Dragon 　　　　.

A. May be; ago       B. Maybe; ago

C. Maybe; before    D. May be; before

四、根据汉语完成句子，每空一词

16.你能编一个关于老鼠和大象的故事吗？

Can you 　　　　 　　　　 a story about a mouse and an elephant？

17.为了赶上早班车，我们不得不快速地起床。

　　　　 　　　　 the early bus, we have to get up quickly.

18.你想参加哪种类型的比赛？

 What 　　　　 　　　　 competitions would you like to enter？

19.他正在考虑如何提高他的演讲。

 He is 　　　　 　　　　 how to improve his speaking.

20.许多人都想有朝一日能环游世界。

Many people want to 　　　 　　　 　　　 　       one day.

Unit 2

考点1

fifteen-year-old 15 岁的

e.g. She has a three-year-old daughter. 她有一个三岁的女儿。

Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is a 55-kilometer-long sea-crossing bridge built by the Chinese themselves.

港珠澳大桥是一座55 公里长的跨海大桥，由中国人自己建造。

When Chen Xiarong left for Wuhan to help, her________ daughter cried and gave her a hug. [牡丹江]

A. 6-year old             B. 6-year-old            C. 6 years old

考点2

one of... ……之一

e.g. One of the most important things in the world is friendship.

世界上最重要的事情之一是友谊。

Zhaozhou Bridge is one of ________ stone bridges in the world. [北京]

A. old                                     B. older

C. oldest                                 D. the oldest

考点3

move /muːv/ v. 搬家；改变……的位置

e.g. They moved to Beijing with their parents five years ago.

他们五年前随父母搬到了北京。

He moved the new sofa to his bedroom.

他把新沙发搬到了自己的卧室。

They don’t live here any longer. They ________ to Chengdu last month. [重庆A]

A. move                                     B. moved

C. will move                              D. are moving

考点4

send /send/ v.(sent, sent) 派遣去；命令……去；发送；寄出

e.g. The boss often sends his workers to learn in big cities.

这位老板经常派遣他的员工到大城市去学习。

send 常用短语

send for 派人去请           send up 发射

send off 寄出                   send out 分发

用所给词的适当形式填空

I promise I __________________________ (send) you an email to explain all of these.

Germany /dʒɜːməni/ n. 德国

e.g. This machine is made in Germany.

这台机器是德国制造的。

—I’m told your class has 3 new comers.

—Yes. One is a ________, and the other two are ________.

A. Japan; Germany                          B. Japanese; German

C. Japanese; Germans                     D. Japanese; Germen

考点6

the Robinsons 罗宾逊一家

e.g. The Greens live in the countryside.

格林一家住在乡村。

The Smiths are having dinner.

史密斯一家正在吃晚饭。

用所给词的适当形式填空

Look! The Browns _________ (eat) supper in the kitchen. [鄂州]

考点7

find+it+adj.+to do sth. 的用法

e.g. I find it important to learn spoken English.

=I find that it is important to learn spoken English.

我发现学习英语口语是很重要的。

I found ________ difficult for me to finish the work on time. [益阳]

A. that                         B. it                   C. this

考点8

so far 到目前为止

e.g. So far Ant Forest and its partners have planted about 122 million trees in China’s driest areas.

到目前为止，蚂蚁森林及其合作伙伴已经在中国最干旱的地区种植了约1.22 亿棵树木。

根据提示完成句子

到目前为止，他还没有读完这本关于太空的书。(so far) [滨州改编]

______________________________________________________________________________

考点9

mix /mɪks/ v. 相混合；融合

e.g. Mix them up and the mixture will smell terrible. 把它们混合在一起，这个混合物就会发出难闻的气味。

If you mix blue and yellow, you’ll get green.

蓝色和黄色混合在一起就成了绿色。

根据汉语提示写单词

Shake the bottle well so that the milk ________ (混合) with the tea.

考点10

miss /mɪs/ v. 惦念；怀念；想念

e.g. Miss Li misses her parents very much.

李小姐非常想念她的父母。

Hurry up, or we’ll miss the last bus.

快点儿，否则我们将错过末班车。

根据汉语提示完成句子

如果你现在不出发，你就会错过末班车。

________ you don’t leave now, you _________ the last bus.

考点11

count down 倒数；倒计时

e.g. People are counting down the seconds to the beginning of a new year.

人们正在为新一年的开始倒数秒数。

On New Year’s Eve, we all count ________ the

seconds to welcome the new year.

A. up                                             B. down

C. on                                             D. for

考点12

look forward to 希望；盼望；期望

e.g. We’re looking forward to the holidays.

我们正盼望着假期。

I look forward to going back to work as soon as possible. 我渴望尽早回到工作岗位。

I haven’t seen my best friend Lucy for 2 months. I’m looking forward to ________ a video call with her.

A. have                      B. having                       C. has

一、根据句意及汉语提示完成句子

1.There are a lot of 　　　　 (古老的)buildings in Beijing.

2.I met an old friend from 　　　　 (德国) last month.

3.If she works far away, she will　　　　 (搬家).

4.Don't 　　　　 (相混合)the food. It's not good for your health.

5.The couple haven't seen their son for many years and they　　　　(想念) him very much.

二、用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空（每个单词或短语限用一次）

win, few, French, at the moment, count down

6.—Where does your friend come from？

  —　　　　.

7.She is trying to get the chance 　　　　　　　.

8.He has written many books, but  　　　　  of them are good.

9.New Year's Day is coming. Many people are 　　　　　　in the square.

10.In China, Mo Yan is the first man 　　　　　 the Nobel Prize for Literature.

三、单项选择

11.Don't 　　　　 the chance when you can catch it，or you will regret.(孝感)

     A. guess          B. miss          C. remember  　D. allow

12.The hotel is very old. It's one of 　　　　 buildings in the city.(北京)

     A. old             B. older          C. oldest           D. the oldest

13.I found 　　　　 not very easy 　　　　 to ride a bike.

A. that; learn            B. it; to learn

C. that; to learn        D. it; learn

14.So far 50 people 　　　　 in the earthquake.

A. died                     B. have died  　

C. die                       D. will die

15.Many teenagers don't like to talk with their parents. But I am 　　　　 them. I love to share my joy and sorrow with my parents.(烟台)

A. the same as 

B. different from

C. interested in 

D. angry with

四、根据汉语完成句子

16.去年男孩的父母把他送到一所特殊的学校。

The boy's parents　　　　 him　　　　 a special school last year.

17.孩子们有不同的梦想，比如，一些孩子想做歌手。

Children have different dreams; 　　　　 　　　　, some of them want to be singers.

18.到目前为止，我已经去过三个国家。

  　　　　 　　　　, I have been to three countries.

19.一位65岁的妇女于昨天从轮船里被救了出来。

A 　　　　　　　　 woman was saved from the ship yesterday.

20.史密斯一家人下周将去北京度假。

　　　　 　　　　 will go to Beijing for a holiday next week.

Unit 3

考点1

what’s more 而且；并且；更进一步来说

e.g. Mary has a sweet voice and what’s more, she can dance very well.

玛丽嗓音甜美，而且舞跳得非常好。

These shoes are very popular. They are sturdy(结实的) and, _______ , they are cheap.

A. For example                              B. As a result

C. What’s worse                            D. What’s more

考点2

find out 查明；弄清

e.g. Go and find out when the train will leave.

去查一下火车将什么时候离开。

I found my English book under the bed.

我在床下找到了我的英语书。

—What are you looking for? 你在找什么？

—I’m looking for my keys. 我在找我的钥匙。

Tina comes to China in order to experience Chinese culture and _________ which university is the best for her to attend. [南京]

A. put out                                  B. stay out

C. find out                                D. run out

考点3

形容词修饰不定代词

e.g. We didn’t find anything special in the room.

我们在房间里没发现任何特别的东西。

—Would you like to read something relaxing?

你想要阅读令人放松的东西吗？

—Yes, I’d love to. 是的，我想。

Learning is a lifelong journey because we can learn

_________ every day. [哈尔滨]

A. nothing new                         B. new something

C. something new

考点4

“keep sb./sth.+adj.” 的用法

e.g. We must keep the river clean.

我们必须保持河水干净。

Please keep quiet. 请保持安静。

They kept working until midnight.

他们一直工作到午夜。

—It’s very important for us to keep ________.

—You are right. We should learn how to protect ourselves when we’re in trouble. [滨州]

A. rapid                                 B. safe

C. lucky                                 D. social

现在完成时（1）

考点 1

概念

现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。

The government ________ a new rule to stop young people playing video games for long. Nowadays many students spend less time online. [牡丹江]

A. will make                            B. is making

C. has made

考点 2 【重点】

各种句式

eg：I have seen the film twice.

       我看过这部电影两次。

       We haven't met him before.

       我们以前没有见过他。

       —Has she taken the medicine？

           她吃过药了吗？

       —Yes，she has./No，she hasn't.

           是的，她吃过了。/不，她还没吃。

The students of Class Three have cleaned their classroom.(改为否定句)

The students of Class Three ___________ __________ their classroom.

考点 3

动词过去分词的变化

规则变化：

不规则变化：不规则变化没有规律，需要在日常学习中加强记忆。

如：do → done 做；go → gone 去；see → seen 看见；wake → waken 醒

Diana can’t go to the farm with her classmates because she ________ a bad cold. [呼和浩特]

A. will catch                       B. is catching

C. has caught                      D. is caught

一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空

1．—Have you ever ________ (hear) of Beethoven?

   —Yes, I have.He is a famous musician.

2．—May I speak to Nick?

   —Sorry, he's ________ (go) to Paris and will be back in 2 weeks.

3．Not only Lily but also Lucy ________ (see) the film Titanic before.

4．There ____________ (be) a laboratory and two reading rooms in our school so far.

5．The engineer ________ (try) every possible way, but still cannot get the computer started.

二、单项选择

6．—I think our teacher, Mrs. Allen, knows  everything.

     —I agree. Because she ________ over 2,000 books.

     A．read              　   B．has read        

     C．reads                   D．is reading

7．—Mom, I________ the Great Wall in the last two years.

       —Well, I will take you there next month.

      A．don't visit                    B．won't visit   

      C．haven't visited             D．didn't visit

8．—Why are you standing here, Mrs White?

      —I'm waiting for my son.He ________ back from school.

    A．hasn't come　　　　　　            B．won't come

    C．doesn't come                       D．isn't coming

9．—How many times ________ Carl ________ to the Great Wall?

     —Only once.

     A．does; go             B．did; go

     C．has; gone           D．has; been

10．Miss Brown, we ________ cleaning our classroom. Can we go home now?

        A．finish                B．finishing

        C．are finished       D．have finished

三、用所给单词的适当形式完成下面的书信

Dear Mum and Dad,

        I’ve just ________(11) (come) back from a long walk by the seaside, so I’m a bit tired. But it is fantastic here. I’ve never ________(12) (have) so much fun in my life. I've only been here for two days but it seems much longer. I've ________(13) (get) to know many new friends here and they have ________(14) (enjoy) the time, too. The food here is great and I've never ________(15) (eat) so much on holiday before. And I haven't ________(16) (forget) my medicine—I've ________(17) (take) it regularly. Sorry, I haven't ________(18) (write) before—there has never ________(19) (be) enough time. I've just ________(20) (have) a bath, and I think I'll go to bed early tonight.

                                                                        Love，

                                                                          Marie