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    【同步讲义】人教版英语九年级全一册-Unit 1 课时3 Grammar 讲义

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    【同步讲义】人教版英语九年级全一册-Unit 1 课时3 Grammar 讲义

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    这是一份【同步讲义】人教版英语九年级全一册-Unit 1 课时3 Grammar 讲义,文件包含Unit1课时3Grammar学生版docx、Unit1课时3Grammar教师版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源,其中试卷共31页, 欢迎下载使用。
    Unit 1 How can we become good learners?
    目标导航

    Grammar
    How引导的特殊疑问句;by的常见用法; 动词-ing的用法
    知识精讲

    知识点01 how引导的特殊疑问句
    1、how 用于询问动作执行的方式、手段等,译为“怎样”。
    【句型剖析】how用来对交通方式提问,意为“如何;怎样”。其答语有三种:
    ①take a(n)/the+交通工具(单数)
    ②by+交通工具(单数)
    ③on/in+限定词+交通工具
    如:How do you go home?你怎样回家?
    I go home by bike/on foot.我骑自行车/步行回家。
    【即学即练】1.—Linda, how do you go to school every day?

    —I usually go to school ________ bike, but sometimes I go to school ________ foot.

    A.with; on B.on; by C.by; on

    【答案】C

    【详解】句意:——琳达,你每天怎么去上学?——我通常骑自行车去上学,但有时我步行去学校。

    考查介词辨析和固定搭配。with用;on在……上;by通过。by bike“骑自行车”,on foot“步行”,两个都是固定短语。故选C。

    2、how 用于询问动作的执行程度,译为“怎样”。
    【句型剖析】—how do you like china? 你觉得中国怎么样?
    —I like it very much. 非常喜欢。
    【即学即练】2.—How do you like mapo tofu?
    —Delicious! It’s the ________ dish that I’ve ever eaten.
    A.saltiest B.best C.worst
    【答案】B
    【详解】句意:——你觉得麻婆豆腐怎么样?——很美味!是我吃过的最好的菜肴。
    考查形容词最高级。saltiest最咸的;best最好的;worst最差的。根据“Delicious”可知,评价很美味,所以是吃过的最好的食物,故选B。
    3、how 用于询问身体健康状况,译为“怎么样”。
    【句型剖析】—how are you? 你好吗?
    —I’m fine,thank you. 我很好,谢谢。
    【即学即练】3.当别人问你“How are you?”时,你应该说 ________
    A.How are you? B.How do you do?
    C.I'm fine, thank you. And you? D.I'm fine, too.
    【答案】C
    【详解】句意:当别人问你“How are you?”时,你应该说:我很好,谢谢。你呢?
    考查情景交际。How are you?你好吗?How do you do?你好,用于初次见面的问候;I'm fine, thank you. And you?我很好,谢谢。你呢?I'm fine, too.你也很好;根据常识及习惯用语可知,英语中对方如果问How are you?时,回答应该是I'm fine, thank you. And you?C选项符合,而D选项是回答之后且反问对方后对方给出的回答,故选C。
    4、 how 用见面的问候语中。
    【句型剖析】 how do you do? 你好!How’s it going?最近怎么样?
    【即学即练】4.— How’s it going, Tony?
    —________
    A.It’s raining now. B.It is fine. C.Not bad. D.It’s on North Street.
    【答案】C
    【详解】句意:——最近怎么样,托尼?——还不错。
    考查情景交际。It’s raining now.现在下雨了;It is fine. 没关系;Not bad.还不错;It’s on North Street.它在北街。根据“How’s it going”可知,空处是回答最近的情况,C项符合语境。故选C。
    5、 how far引导的特殊疑问句
    【句型剖析】how far用来对距离提问,意为“多远”,其答语有两种:
    ①用长度单位表示:It's+路程(+from A to B)
    ②用时间表示:It's+数字+minutes' walk.
    如:How far is it from your home to school? 从你家到学校有多远?
    It's ten kilometers. 十公里远。
    It's ten minutes' walk. 步行十分钟。
    【即学即练】5.—How far is your home from school?
    —About ________ walk.
    A. five-minute B.five minute’s
    B. C.five-minutes D.five minutes
    【答案】A
    【详解】句意:——你家离学校有多远?——步行大约五分钟。
    考查复合形容词的用法。根据“About...walk.”可知,此处是指五分钟的路程。步行五分钟的路程有两种表达方式:five-minute walk,中间有连字符,minute用单数;five minutes’ walk。故选A。
    6、 how long 引导的特殊疑问句
    【句型剖析】how long用来对时间提问,意为“多久”,其答语有两种:
    ①It takes sb.+时间+to do sth.
    ②It's about+时间段
    How long does it take you to clean your house? 打扫屋子花费你多长时间?
    It takes me an hour to clean my house.打扫屋子花费我一个小时。
    It's about an hour. 大概一个小时。
    【即学即练】6.—Peter, how long have you been in the ice skating club?
    —Not long. I didn’t join the club ________ I enjoyed the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics.
    A.when B.until C.unless D.after
    【答案】B
    【详解】句意:——彼得,你在滑冰俱乐部多久了?——时间不长。直到我欣赏了2022年北京冬奥会,我才加入俱乐部。
    考查连词辨析。when当;until直到;unless除非;after在……之后。根据“Not long. I didn’t join the club...I enjoyed the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics”可知加入俱乐部的时间不长,直到欣赏了冬奥会才加入,此处是结构“not...until”,意为“直到……才”。故选B。
    7、 how often引导的特殊疑问句
    【句型剖析】how often 用来对频度副词或状语提问,意为“每隔多久”,其答语常用once a week, three times a month 等。
    How often does he come here? 他(每隔)多久来一次?
    Once a month. 每月一次。
    【即学即练】7.—How often does Bob play tennis?
    —_________.
    A.Once a month B.For a month C.A month ago
    【答案】A
    【详解】句意:——鲍勃多久打一次网球?——每月一次。
    考查特殊疑问句。Once a month一月一次;For a month一个月;A month ago一个月前。根据“How often”可知,此处提问频率,使用Once a month回答。故选A。
    8、 how soon引导的特殊疑问句
    【句型剖析】how soon 用来对表示将来的一段时间提问,意为“再过多久”,其答语常用“in+时间段”。
    How soon will he be back? 他要多久才回来?
    In an hour. 1 小时以后。
    【即学即练】8.—How soon will the concert begin?               
    —________ tomorrow.
    A.Not until B.Until C.Since D.For
    【答案】A
    【详解】句意:——音乐会多久以后开始?——直到明天才开始。
    考查介词辨析。Not until直到……才;Until直到……为止;Since自……以后;For为了。根据“How soon will the concert begin?”可知问音乐会多久以后开始,结合选项可知,此处指明天才开始,完整句子是“The concert will not begin until tomorrow”。故选A。
    9、 how many引导的特殊疑问句
    【句型剖析】how many用来对可数名词的数量(复数)提问,意为“多少”,其答语直接回答数词。
    How many books do you have?你有多少本书?
    Three.三本。
    【即学即练】9.—How many books are there in your bag?
    — ________. There’s only some delicious food in it.
    A.None B.Nothing C.No one
    【答案】A
    【详解】句意:——你的包里有多少本书?——一本也没有。里面只有一些美味的食物。
    考查不定代词。None没有一个;Nothing没有什么东西;No one没有人。根据“There’s only some delicious food in it.”可知包里面只有食物,没有书。故选A。
    10、 how much引导的特殊疑问句
    【句型剖析】how much用来对不可数名词提问,或问多少钱。其答语直接回答数量或多少钱。
    How much meat would you like? 你想要多少肉?
    A kilo.一千克。
    How much are the shoes?鞋子多少钱?
    Twenty dollars.二十美元。
    【即学即练】 10.— How much does a baby panda weigh ________ birth?
    — About 0.1 to 0.2 kilos.
    A.in B.on C.at D.by
    【答案】C
    【详解】句意:——新生熊猫有多重?——大约0.1到0.2公斤。
    考查介词。in在……里面;on在……上面;at在;by通过。at birth表示“出生时”,是固定搭配的介词短语。故选C。
    知识点02 by的常见用法
    1. 【句型剖析】表示交通方式:乘坐交通工具 by+交通工具
    eg:by bus ;by bike
    【即学即练】11.—Do you usually go to school by bus, Rick?
    —No, ________. I like riding my bike, Scott.
    A.sometimes B.never C.always D.often
    【答案】B
    【详解】句意:——瑞克,你通常坐公共汽车上学吗?——不,从来没有。斯科特,我喜欢骑自行车。
    考查副词辨析。sometimes有时候;never从不;always总是;often经常。根据“No”可知瑞克从不坐公共汽车上学,故选B。

    2. 【句型剖析】表示时间:截止到….; 到….为止 by+ 时间
    eg:by Sunday; by the end of next month
    【即学即练】 12.-Jim,remember to return the books by Sunday !

    - ________ .

    A.Got it B.That’s right C.It’s nothing D.I will not forget it

    【答案】A

    【详解】句意:——Jim,记得在星期天之前还书!——明白了。

    考查情景交际。Got it明白了;That’s right没错;It’s nothing那没有什么了不起;I will not forget it我不会忘记它的。根据“remember to return the books by Sunday”可知,要对对方提出的劝告进行回应,用“明白了”符合语境,故选A。

    3. 【句型剖析】表示位置:在….旁边(通常是水的旁边) by +地点
    eg:by the lake/river
    【即学即练】 13.— How about this table ________ the window?

    — Sorry, this one has been taken by others. You can choose another table.

    A.for B.by C.with D.on

    【答案】B

    【详解】句意:——这张靠窗的桌子怎么样?——对不起,这张已经被别人拿走了。您可以选择另一张桌子。

    考查介词辨析。for为了;by在……旁边;with和;on在……上面。根据空格后的“the window”可知是问窗户旁边的桌子,by表示“在…… 旁边”。故选B。

    4. 【句型剖析】表示动作的发出者:由….,被….. by +动作发出者
    eg: a book by Mark Twin ;
    eg: The cake is made by my mother.
    【即学即练】 14.Look at the model plane. My brother and I made it all by ________.

    A.myself B.himself C.ourselves D.yourself

    【答案】C

    【详解】句意:看这个飞机模型。我和我弟弟我们自己做的。

    考查反身代词辨析。myself我自己;himself他自己;ourselves我们自己;yourself你自己。结合语境和主语“My brother and I”可知飞机模型是我和弟弟两个人做的,所以反身代词应用ourselves。故选C。

    5. 【句型剖析】表示方式,途径:通过….方式 by + doing
    eg: He makes a living by teaching.
    【即学即练】 15.—You did very well in the last English test! How did you study for it?

    —________ reading the textbook.

    A.In B.By C.On D.With

    【答案】B

    【详解】句意:——你上次英语考试考得很好!你是怎么学习的?——通过读课本。

    考查介词辨析。In采用(某种方式);By通过;On在……上;With带有。根据“How did you study for it?”可知,此处是询问学习的方式,回答应用介词By。故选B。

    其它的表示方式的介词:
    6. 【句型剖析】with + 工具
    Eg: The boy hit the dog with a stick. I wrote the letter with a pen.
    【即学即练】 16.—________ the way, can you draw 3-D pictures ________ chalk?

    —Yes. I spend time practising hard.

    A.On; by B.By; in C.On; with D.By; with

    【答案】D

    【详解】句意:——顺便问一下,你能用粉笔画3-D画吗?——是的。我花时间努力练习。

    考查介词辨析。on在……上;by通过;in在……里面;with用。根据“... the way, can you draw 3-D pictures ... chalk?”可推出用by the way表示“顺便问一下”,是固定搭配;再由“draw 3-D pictures ... chalk”可知此处表示画画的工具,用with。故选D。

    7. 【句型剖析】 in + 语言/ 材料/ 颜色/ 衣着/ 声调
    Eg:speak in English
    Eg: I wrote the letter in ink.﹦with a pen.
    Eg:The girl in red is Mary.
    Eg:She always speaks in a soft voice.
    【即学即练】 17.—How do you _______ the word “刺身” _______ Japanese?

    —It is sashimi.

    A.say; in B.speak; with C.tell; in D.talk; with

    【答案】A

    【详解】句意:——“刺身”这个词日语怎么说?——是sashimi。

    考查动词辨析和介词短语。say说;in用;speak说;with带有;tell告诉;talk谈话。介词in和语言名词连用表示用某种语言,with没有这个用法,后空可排除BD两项;结合语境,这里是问“用日语怎么说‘刺身’这个词”,可知tell和talk不合语境;speak用作及物动词后接语言,不合题意。“say sth. in +语言”表示用某种语言说某物,故选A。

    8. 【句型剖析】 through + n (through 表示通过….方式时,可与by互换,但through后面常接名词)
    Eg: He got the job through a friend.
    Eg: He succeeded through hard work.
    【即学即练】 18.—Sir, it’s true that being happy is an ability. So can you tell me ________?

    —Yes. Just as President Xi says, “Happiness is achieved through hard work.”

    A.how we can find happiness

    B.who can help achieve happiness

    C.why is happiness so important to us

    【答案】A

    【详解】句意:——先生,快乐确实是一种能力。那么你能告诉我怎样才能找到幸福吗? ——是的。正如习主席所说:“幸福是通过努力获得的。”

    考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述语序,排除C;根据“Happiness is achieved through hard work.”可知问的是如何得到幸福,用how引导宾语从句。故选A。

    知识点03 动词-ing的用法
    1. v-ing在句中作主语
    【句型剖析】(1) v-ing作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
    Doing morning exercises is good for our health.
    【即学即练】 19.________ stamps ________ an interesting hobby.

    A.Collect; is B.Collect; are C.Collecting; are D.Collecting; is

    【答案】D

    【详解】句意:集邮是一种有趣的爱好。

    考查动名词作主语。句首作主语用动名词形式,排除AB;动名词作主语,be动词用单数is。故选D。

    【句型剖析】(2)可以用 it作形式主语,而把真正的主语后置。
    Getting up early is good for your health.
    →It's good for your health to get up early.
    【即学即练】 20.I think ________ is necessary for us ________ the birds.

    A.it; protect B.its; to protect C.it’s; protecting D.it; to protect

    【答案】D

    【详解】句意:我认为我们有必要保护鸟类。

    考查it固定句型和不定式作主语。根据“...is necessary for us ... the birds”可知,该句结构为“it is+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.”“做某事是……的”;it作形式主语,不定式作真正的主语;结合结构,故选D。

    2. v-ing在句中作宾语
    v-ing在句中作宾语时,一般放在某一及物动词或介词之后充当这一动词或介词的宾语。
    【句型剖析】(1) 后接v-ing作宾语的及物动词有:finish, enjoy, keep, stand(忍受), suggest, advise, practice, allow, mind, imagine 等。
    The tourists enjoy staying in Kunming all the year round.
    Do you mind opening the window?
    【即学即练】 21.Have you finished _________ the book yet?

    A.read B.reading C.to read D.reads

    【答案】B

    【详解】句意:你读完这本书了吗?

    考查非谓语动词。finish doing sth“结束做某事”,动名词作宾语。故选B。

    【句型剖析】(2) v-ing作介词的宾语,包括以介词结尾的动词短语,如:give up, take part in,be good at等。
    I know you are good at drawing pictures.
    Many young people took part in planting trees on Tree Planting Day.
    【即学即练】 22.Students have had a good habit of ________ hands since COVID-19 broke out in 2019.

    A.raising B.washing C.shaking

    【答案】B

    【详解】句意:自2019年新冠肺炎爆发以来,学生们养成了洗手的好习惯。

    考查动名词辨析。raising提升;washing洗;shaking摇。根据“since COVID﹣ 19 broke out in 2019”(2019年新冠肺炎爆发以来),可知,应该是洗手的习惯。故选B。

    能力拓展

    考法01 by相关词组
    by the way 顺便; by accident/chance偶然,意外;
    by mistake 错误地… one by one一个接一个;
    step by step一步一步地; little by little 一点一点地
    word by word 一个词一个词; sentence by sentence 一句一句;
    by oneself = on one's own = alone 独自; by the time到…为止;
    by the end of 到…末为止 go by 时间流逝
    by and by 不久以后; by my watch 通过我的表;
    by hand 手工 pass by 路过
    【典例】 —________ the way, do you think this job has become easier than it used to be?

    —To be honest, it has turned out to be more difficult ________ some ways.

    A.In; on B.By; on C.By; in D.In; by

    【答案】C

    【详解】句意:——顺便问一下,你认为这项工作比过去更简单了吗?——老实说,在某些方面它变得更难了。

    考查短语辨析。by the way顺便说一下;in the way挡道;in some ways在某些方面。根据“do you think this job has become easier than it used to be”可知,是顺便问一下;再者根据“ it has turned out to be more difficult”可知,某些方面难了;故选C。

    【典例】By the end of last year, most of us ________ the free vaccine(疫苗).

    A.will get B.would get C.has got D.had got

    【答案】D

    【详解】句意:到去年年底,我们大多数人都接种了免费疫苗。

    考查时态。根据时间状语“By the end of last year”可知此处表动作发生在过去的过去,用过去完成时,其谓语动词结构为“had +过去分词”。故选D。

    【典例】—Did you see a girl in red pass by just now?

    —No, sir. I ________.

    A.read B.am reading C.would read D.was reading

    【答案】D

    【详解】句意:——刚才你看到一个穿红色衣服的女孩路过了么?——没有,先生。我刚才正在看书。

    考查动词的时态。根据“just now”可知表达刚才正在看书,是过去进行时,主语“I”是第一人称单数,动词用“was reading”。故选D。

    分层提分

    题组A 基础过关练
    1.—How _________ is it from your home to the cinema?       
    —About 15 minutes by underground.
    A.soon B.many C.long D.far
    【答案】D
    【详解】句意:——从你家到电影院有多远?——坐地铁大约15分钟。
    考查特殊疑问词。how soon多久;how many多少;how long多长;how far多远。根据“About 15 minutes by underground.”可知问的是距离,故选D。
    2.—________ apples do you want to buy?
    —Five, please. And ________ are they?
    A.How much; how much B.How many; how many
    C.How much; how many D.How many; how much
    【答案】D
    【详解】句意:——你想买多少苹果?——请给我五个。它们多少钱?
    考查特殊疑问句。how much多少,接不可数名词/多少钱;how many多少,接可数名词。根据“apples”可知是可数名词复数,表达“多少苹果”用“how many apples”。第二空表达“多少钱”,用疑问词“how much”。故选D。
    3.—How many ________ in the tree?   
    —There are two.
    A.bird are there B.birds is there C.birds are there D.birds are their
    【答案】C
    【详解】句意:——树上有多少只鸟?——有两只。
    考查there be句型。根据回答“There are two.”可知,问句是there be句型,排除D;how many后面接可数名词复数,排除A;be动词的形式在人称和数上与主语保持一致,birds是复数,be动词用are。故选C。
    4.—How long does it take Mike _________ his uncle’s home?
    —Half an hour.
    A.to get to B.gets to C.getting to
    【答案】A
    【详解】句意:——迈克到他叔叔家要多久?——半小时。
    考查非谓语动词。固定句型it takes sb.+时间+to do sth.意为“某人花费多长时间做某事”,故此处要用动词不定式。故选A。
    5.—__________ is a film ticket for children?
    —How tall is your child? It’s free for children under 1.2 meters.
    A.How long B.How much C.How often D.How soon
    【答案】B
    【详解】句意:——一张儿童电影票多少钱?——你的孩子有多高?1.2米以下儿童免费。
    考查特殊疑问句。How long多长;How much多少钱;How often多久一次;How soon多久。根据“It’s free for children under 1.2 meters.”可知,询问的是价格,故选B。
    6.—How ________ floors ________ there in your house?
    —There is only one.
    A.many; is B.much; is C.many; are D.much; are
    【答案】C
    【详解】句意:——你家有几层楼?——只有一层。
    考查many/much区别和主谓一致。many很多,修饰复数名词;much很多,修饰不可数名词;第一空修饰复数名词“floors”,应用many修饰,主语是复数名词,be动词用are,故选C。
    7.—How ________ does it take to go to school?
    —About 10 minutes.
    A.much B.long C.many D.far
    【答案】B
    【详解】句意:——去学校花费多长时间?——大约十分钟。
    考查特殊疑问句。how much多少,修饰不可数名词;how long多长时间;how many多少,修饰可数名词复数;how far多远,根据“About 10 minutes”可知,应该问去学校花费多长时间,故选B。
    8.We can save water ________ water games.
    A.by playing B.not by playing
    C.by not playing D.by not to play
    【答案】C
    【详解】句意:我们可以通过不玩水上游戏来节约用水。
    考查非谓语动词。介词后常接动名词作宾语,排除选项D;结合语境可知通过不玩水上游戏来节水,动名词的否定式为“not doing sth”。故选C。
    9.There is no bus. He has to _______ there ________ his bicycle.
    A.go to; on B.go to; by C.go; on D.go; by
    【答案】C
    【详解】句意:没有公共汽车。他必须骑自行车去那里。
    考查动词辨析和介词辨析。go to去(后接名词);go去;on后接交通工具,其后接限定词;by后接交通工具,表示“乘坐某种交通工具”。“there”是副词,其前接动词,不需要添加介词,故第一空填“go”;“bicycle”前有形容词性物主代词“his”,故用介词“on”。故选C。
    10.It takes about ten days ________ from the Earth to the Moon ________ rocket.
    A.to travel; by B.travelling; on C.to travel; on D.travelling; by
    【答案】A
    【详解】句意:用火箭从地球到月球大约需要十天。
    考查It固定句型和介词辨析。It takes sb some time to do sth花费某人一些时间做某事,固定句型,it作形式主语,动词不定式作真正主语,第一个空格处填to travel。on在……上;by乘坐某种交通工具,后面直接跟交通工具。rocket为一种交通工具,by rocket 搭乘火箭,第二个空格处填by。故选A。
    11.Fujian Province is ________ the southeast of China and ________ the west of Taiwan, separated (分隔) by the Taiwan Strait (海峡).
    A.on; to B.in; on C.in; to
    【答案】C
    【详解】句意:福建省位于中国东南部,台湾西部,被台湾海峡隔开。
    考查介词辨析。on表示两个地点的外部相互接壤;to表示两个地点的外部不相互接壤;in表示小地点在大地点范围内。根据“Fujian Province is...the southeast of China...”和常识可知,福建省在中国范围内,第一空应填介词in;根据“...separated by the Taiwan Strait.”可知,福建省和台湾中间隔着台湾海峡,也就是它们的外部不相互接壤,第二空应填介词to。故选C。
    12.—Would you mind ________ online classes ?
    —Of course not. We can be the best as long as we study hard.
    A.having B.to have C.have
    【答案】A
    【详解】句意:——你介意上网课吗?——当然不介意。只要我们努力学习,我们就能成为最好的。
    考查非谓语动词。mind doing sth“介意做某事”,故选A。
    13.Many citizens look forward to________ as volunteers during the period of the epidemic(传染
    病).
    A.serve B.serves C.serving D.served
    【答案】C
    【详解】句意:在疫情期间,很多市民盼望作为志愿者去做服务。
    考查非谓语动词。serve服务。“look forward to doing”意为“盼望做某事”,介词to后接动名词。故选C。
    14.Daniel’s mother is too busy ________ the housework ________ him with his English.
    A.doing; help B.doing; to help C.to do; helping D.to do; to help
    【答案】B
    【详解】句意:丹尼尔的妈妈忙于做家务,没法帮他学英语。
    考查非谓语动词。固定短语be busy doing sth“忙于做某事”;too...to“太……以至于不能……”,是固定用法,故选B。
    15.Katie Peterson, a 16-year-old girl enjoys ________ her own short videos on TikTok.
    A.make B.to make C.making D.made
    【答案】C
    【详解】句意:16岁的女孩凯蒂·彼得森喜欢在TikTok上制作自己的短片。
    考查非谓语动词。固定短语enjoy doing sth“喜欢做某事”,动名词作宾语。故选C。
    题组B 能力提升练
    根据对话内容,从下面选项中选出恰当的句子补全对话。   
    A: Could you please tell me how you can speak English so well?
    B: I think listening more is very important. ____16____
    A: Some people say watching English movies is good for English learners.
    B: ____17____ I have watched about 30 English movies since 2018, and that really helps a lot.
    A: ____18____
    B: Um, I think vocabulary is the most important. You can express yourself freely when you have a larger vocabulary.
    A: ____19____
    B: Reading. I have read many English books. That really helps with my English vocabulary.
    A: ____20____
    B: Never be afraid of making mistakes. Enjoy losing face, then you can learn English well.
    A.Certainly.
    B.What’s the most important part of speaking English?
    C.I like listening to some English news, songs while I am on the way home.
    D.What else do you think can help improve spoken English?
    E.But how can I enlarge my vocabulary?
    【答案】16.C 17.A 18.B 19.E 20.D
    【导语】本文主要是A向B请教如何学好英语,B给出了建议。
    16.根据“I think listening more is very important.”可知,此处介绍与“听”相关的内容,选项C“我喜欢在回家的路上听一些英语新闻、歌曲。”符合语境,故选C。
    17.根据“Some people say watching English movies is good for English learners.”和“I have watched about 30 English movies since 2018, and that really helps a lot.”可知,有人说看英语电影对英语学习者有好处,B表示赞同,选项A“当然。”符合语境,故选A。
    18.根据“Um, I think vocabulary is the most important.”可知,此处询问最重要的是什么,选项B“说英语最重要的部分是什么?”符合语境,故选B。
    19.根据“Reading. I have read many English books. That really helps with my English vocabulary.”可知,B表示阅读可以扩大词汇量,选项E“但是我怎样才能扩大我的词汇量呢?”符合语境,故选E。
    20.根据“Never be afraid of making mistakes. Enjoy losing face, then you can learn English well.”可知,B又给出了一些其他的建议,选项D“你认为还有什么可以帮助提高英语口语?”符合语境,故选D。
    按要求完成下列各题
    21.My brother goes to school by bike. (对画线部分提问)
    ________ ________your brother _________to school?
    22.His father drives his car to work every day.(改为同义句)
    His father goes to work ________ ________every day.
    23.It's about 5 kilometers from Gina's home to mine.(对画线部分提问)
    ________ ________is it from Gina's home to yours?
    24.They need about 15 minutes to get home.(改为同义句)
    ________ ________ them about 15 minutes ________ ________home.
    25.It takes about 25 minutes to get to my cousin's home.(对画线部分提问)
    ________ ________ does it take to get to your cousin's home?
    【答案】21.     1. How     does     go
    22.     by     car
    23.     How     far
    24.     It     takes     to     get
    25.     How     long
    21.画线部分是方式,对方式提问用特殊疑问词how,意为“怎样”;特殊疑问句结构为:特殊疑问词+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语+句子其他成分;原句谓语动词为goes,可知此处用助动词does,其后动词用原形,故答案为How does; go。
    22.根据句意,可知此处缺“开车”的表述,本句有谓语动词,故使用介词短语by+交通工具可表示“使用某种交通工具”,故答案为by car。
    23.画线部分是距离,对距离提问用how far,意为“多远”,故答案为How far。
    24.根据要求,可知使用句式it takes sb.+时间+to do sth.,意为“某人做某事花……时间”,故答案为It takes; to get。
    25.画线部分是时间段,对时间段提问用how long,意为“多久”,故答案为How long。
    26.我能通过查词典找到生词的意思。(look)
    I can find the meaning of the new words by ________ in a dictionary.
    【答案】looking them up
    【详解】分析题干可知要翻译的是“查找”,对应的英文表达是“look up”。此处查找的是“new words”,所以可用代词“them”来代替,且“by”是介词,后跟动名词,故填looking them up。
    27.通过与同学交流你会找到更好的学习方法。(communicate)
    You can find better leaning methods by _________________your classmates.
    【答案】communicating with
    【详解】communicate交流,是不及物动词,常用于短语communicate with sb.“和某人交流”。空前by是介词,表示“通过……方式”,后面跟动名词形式。故答案为communicating with。
    28.The telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bel. (对划线部分提问)
    _________ was the telephone invented _________ ?
    【答案】     Who     by
    【详解】句意:亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔发明了电话。划线部分表示人,提问用疑问词“who”,表达“被谁发明”用“was invented by”。句首首字母大写。故填Who;by。
    29.I think the fastest way to travel is by plane. (对画线部分提问)
    ________ do you think ________ the fastest way to travel?
    【答案】     What     is
    【详解】句意:我认为最快的旅行方式是乘飞机。画线部分是交通方式,作表语,应该用what提问,置于句首,首字母应该大写;后面的be动词用is。故填What;is。
    30.Amy usually rides her bike to school. ( 用by改为同义句)
    ________________.
    【答案】Amy usually gets to school by bike##Amy usually goes to school by bike
    【详解】句意:艾米通常骑自行车上学。rides her bike to school可以表达为:gets to school by bike或者goes to school by bike。此句的时态为一般现在时,主语Amy是第三人称单数,因此谓语用三单形式。故填Amy usually gets to school by bike/Amy usually goes to school by bike。
    题组C 培优拔尖练
    阅读下面的短文,根据短文内容,从每个方框内所给11个词汇中选择10个意义相符的词汇,必要时进行词形变化,填入空白处,每空一词。
    although, true, help, paint, interest, early, they, by, as, but, text,
    In a US classroom, there are some ____31____ of Chinese stories and characters on the wall. Twelve children are singing popular songs in Chinese, such _____32_____ Daddy, Where Are We Going and Stars in the Sky.Started in 2008,the school tries to help children to have a better future in life ____33____ teaching them in a Chinese educational environment. The school’s teaching model has caused the children’s interest in learning Chinese and learning about China.
    From Monday to Friday every week, Anna spends two hours a day learning Chinese at the school, playing games and reading SanZiJing, one of the ancient Chinese classic _____34_____.
    Seven-year-old Anna has studied Chinese for two years in the Confucius Classroom in Washington YuyingPublic Charter School. During class, Anna and the other children are ____35____ in introducing ____36____ and teaching visitors how to say “hello”, “thank you” and “goodbye” in Chinese.
    “I haven’t been to China yet, but I will go there in a few years,” the girl says in Chinese.
    “When she grows up, she will be able to communicate in Chinese. I hope she learns Chinese as _____37_____ as possible,” says Anna’s mother. “I have to spend more on this ____38____ I think it’s ____39____ because what she will get is a lifelong skill.”
    In March, the children shared their trips to Chinese cities such as Beijing, Xi’an and Shanghai with a famous expert from America. The expert told the children that it was very important for American students to learn foreign languages and cultures at a school like Yuying, if they _____40_____ wished to learn more about other countries.
    【答案】31.paintings 32.as 33.by 34.texts 35.interested 36.themselves 37.early 38.but 39.helpful
    40.truly
    【导语】本文主要讲述了在美国的学校兴起了学汉语热,并详细叙述了安娜学习汉语的情况。
    31.句意:在美国的一间教室里,墙上挂着一些中国故事和人物的画。空前有“are”,其后需跟名词复数形式;再根据“of Chinese stories and characters on the wall.”可知,挂在墙上的应该是画,paint的名词形式为painting“画”。故填paintings。
    32.句意:12个孩子正在用中文唱流行歌曲,比如《爸爸去哪儿》和《天上的星星》。根据“popular songs in Chinese”以及“Daddy, Where Are We Going and Stars in the Sky.”可知,后面是在举例说明中文歌曲,固定短语such as“例如”。故填as。
    33.句意:从2008年开始,这所学校试图通过在中国教育环境中教育孩子,帮助他们拥有更美好的未来。根据“...teaching them in a Chinese educational environment.”和备选词可知,此处“by”符合语境,意为“通过”是介词,其后跟动名词。故填by。
    34.句意:从星期一到星期五,安娜每天花两个小时在学校学习汉语,玩游戏,阅读中国古典名著《三子经》。根据“SanZiJing”可知,《三字经》是中国古典名著,且空前有形容词“classic”,其后需跟名词形式。text“课本”,名词。又因固定句型one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数“……中最……之一”,所以此处用名词复数形式。故填texts。
    35.句意:在课堂上,安娜和其他孩子对自我介绍感兴趣。根据“Seven-year-old Anna has studied Chinese for two years”以及“Anna and the other children are...in introducing”可知,Anna学了中文,此处是指对用中文自我介绍感兴趣。interest“兴趣”,名词;空格位于be动词之后,需填形容词。固定短语be interested in“对……感兴趣”。故填interested。
    36.句意:在课堂上,安娜和其他孩子对自我介绍感兴趣。根据“Anna and the other children are...in introducing”和备选词可知,此处是指自我介绍。固定短语introduce oneself“自我介绍”,且主语“Anna and the other children”是第三人称复数,需用反身代词themselves“他们自己”。故填themselves。       
    37.句意:安娜的母亲说:“当她长大后,她将能够用汉语交流。我希望她尽早学习汉语。”。根据“because what she will get is a lifelong skill.”和备选词可知,Anna的母亲想让汉语成为Anna的终身技能,因此越早学越好。early“早地”。固定短语as early as possible意为“趁早,尽早”。故填early。
    38.句意:我必须在这方面花更多的钱,但我认为这很有帮助,因为她将获得终身技能。根据“I have to spend more on this”和备选词可知,前后句句意转折,but“但是”符合语境。故填but。
    39.句意:我必须在这方面花更多的钱,但我认为这很有帮助,因为她将获得终身技能。根据“what she will get is a lifelong skill.”可知,Anna母亲觉得学会汉语将成为终身技能,因此是很有帮助的。help“帮助”,名词或动词,空格位于be动词之后,需用其形容词形式helpful“有帮助的”。故填helpful。
    40.句意:这位专家告诉孩子们,如果美国学生真的想更多地了解其他国家,那么他们在育英这样的学校学习外语和文化是非常重要的。根据“they...wished to learn more about other countries.”和备选词可知,此处是指真正地希望,true“真正的”,形容词;空后有动词“wished”,需填副词truly“真正地”来修饰。故填truly。

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