初中外研版 (新标准)Unit 3 Language in use优秀课后作业题
展开Module 1 Wonders of the World
Unit 3 Language in use
模块语法——六大时态
什么是时态?
精品笔记
时态,顾名思义,“时”就是时间,“态”就是状态或形态。注意时态是英语动词的一个语法概念。
【拓展】汉语只有时没有态。例如:我正在学习;我昨天学习;我明天要学习。这三句话里的动作发生在不同时间即“正在”、“昨天”、“明天”。而三句话里的谓语动词都是“学习”,这个动词的形态一致,没有发生改变,故汉语里的动词没有态的概念。
时态:说明一个动词的发生时间,每种时态对应一个时间段,谓语动词也要有相应的变化形式。
初中阶段,我们必须掌握最基本的六种时态:现就六种时态的概念(定义或用法)、时间状语标志词、基本结构、动词变化规则等方面进行详细讲解。
六大时态的概念和基本结构
一、 一般现在时
1.概念:①表示经常性、习惯性发生的动作或存在的状态。I like playing basketball.
②表示客观真理、科学原理、自然现象。The earth goes around the sun.
③在复合从句中,若主句为一般将来时,时间和条件状从常用一般现在时表将来。
例:If it doesn’t rain, we will go to the zoo tomorrow.
2.时间标志词:always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, every day (week, month, year…), once a week, on Sundays, at weekends等等。
3.基本结构:①主语+am/is/are
②主语+行为动词原形/动词三单形式(do/does)
4.动词三单形式变化规则:
一般在动词后+s
talk-talks ,write-writes, run-runs
以s, x, sh, ch结尾+es
Wash-washes, watch-watches, teach-teaches
以辅音字母+o结尾+es
go-goes, do-does
以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i再加es,但是以“元音字母组合+y”结尾的词直接加s
study-studies, try-tries, carry-carries, stays, says, plays
二、一般过去时
1.概念①表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态。 I saw him yesterday.
②表示过去经常发生的动作。Did he often walk to school last term?
2.时间标志词:three days ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last night (week, month, year…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 15, once upon a time, used to do sth(过去常常做某事)… 。
3.基本结构:①主+was/were
②主+行为动词过去时(did)
4.动词过去式(-ed)变化规则:
一般在动词后+ed
answer-answered, help-helped, played
以不发音的字母e结尾+d
move-moved, use-used, notice-noticed
以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i再加ed
carry-carried, reply-replied, study-studies
重读闭音节以元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾,双写这个辅音字母,再加ed
stop-stopped, plan-planned, drop-dropped
不规则动词过去式(外研版九上课本P159-P162)
三、一般将来时
1.概念① 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态,及计划、打算做某事。
例 I am going to have a picnic this weekend. I will come to see you tomorrow.
② 现在进行时(be+v-ing)表将来,常用于表示位置移动的动词,如,come, go, leave, start, arrive, fly等。例 I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow.
2.时间标志词:in three days, tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next day (week, month, year…), soon, in the future, in 2020等等。
3.基本结构:主+am/is/are+going to+do
主+will+do
四、现在进行时
1.概念① 表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作。The girl is listening to music now.
②句中出现Look! Listen! 后面句子用进行时。
③ 表示位置移动的词,用进行时表将来,如,come, go, leave, start, arrive, fly等。
Don’t worry. He is coming soon. Look! Peter is watching TV.
2.时间标志词:now, at the moment, these days 等
3.基本结构:主+am/is/are+doing
4.动词-ing变化规则(现在分词)
一般直接在词尾加ing
play-playing, sing-singing
以不发音e结尾,去e再加ing
take-taking, make-making, have-having
以“辅元辅”结尾的重读闭音节,双写末尾的这个辅音字母,再加ing
stop-stopping,shop-shopping,drop-dropping, swim-swimming,run-running, begin-beginning
特殊变化
lie-lying, die-dying, tie-tying
常考的双写加ing的动词:shop, stop, drop, run, get, sit, dig, put, begin, swim, chat, prefer等
五、过去进行时
1.概念:表示过去某个时刻或某段时间正在进行或持续的动作。
例 I was writing a letter to my friend at nine yesterday.
My mom was cooking when I arrived home.
2.时间标志词:at this time yesterday, at that time, at seven yesterday, just then, those days, when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语。
3.基本结构:主+was/were+doing
六、现在完成时
1.概念:① 表示过去的动作对现在有影响:从过去开始,现在已完成或未完成;用次数表示经历或者表示到目前为止量的积累。
例Tom has just finished his homework.
I have never been to the Great Wall.
I have been to the Great wall three times.
We have learned 1,000 words so far.
② 表示从过去开始,持续到现在的动作或状态,常与since, for 连用,动词用延续性动词。对since/for短语提问用how long(多久)。
例 I have lived here since 2012. I have been here for 5 years.
区别:since+时间点;for+时间段。
since+过去某个时间点(自从……)
I have lived here since 2012.
since+时间段+ago
I have lived here since 10 years ago.
since+过去时从句
I have lived here since I moved here in 2012.
注意:短暂性动词(瞬间动词;非延续动词)可以用于完成时,但是不能与延续性的for、since连用。补充:区分动词延续不延续,可以在前面加“一直”,说得通就是延续性动词,说不通就是非延续性动词。
【拓展】常见的现在完成时非延续性性动词转延续性动词的规律如下:
(1)、用意义相同或相近的延续性动词替代。如:
borrow→keep, buy→have, become →be, get up→be up, fall ill →be ill,
fall asleep→ be asleep, get/catch a cold→have a cold
(2)、用“be+形容词”替代。如:
die→be dead, open→be open, end/finish → be over,
(3)、用“be+介词或副词”替代。如:
leave→be away, begin/start→ be on, join→be in/be a member of, come→be in/here, go→be away/out/there, reach/arrive/get to→stay/be in , come back→be back , 等等。
2.时间标志词 already(已经,肯), just(刚刚,肯), yet(“还没”,用在否定句和疑问句), ever(曾经), never(从不), before(以前), recently(最近), lately(近来),so far(到目前为止), in the past/last few years(在过去几年里)等。
3.基本结构:主+have/has+done
4.动词过去分词的变化规则:规则的同动词过去式,不规则的单独记(九上课本P159-P162)
5.短语辨析
have/has been in 在某地多久了(现在还在)
He has been in Shanghai for ten years.他来上海十年了。
have/has been to 曾去过某地(几次)(已经回来了)
He has been to Shanghai three times.他曾去过上海三次。(现在说话的时候不在上海)
have/has gone to 已经去了某地(还没回来)
He has gone to Shanghai and hasn’t come back yet.他已经去上海了,现在还没回来。
六大时态基本结构总结
时态类型
动词结构(肯定式)
一般现在时
主+be动词(am is are)
主(非三单)+do(原形)
主(三单)+does(三单形式)
一般过去时
主+was/were
主+行为动词过去时(did)
一般将来时
主+am/is/are+going to+do
主+will+do
现在进行时
主+am/is/are+doing
过去进行时
主+was/were+doing
现在完成时
主+have/has+done
同步练习
六大时态语法单选题专练
姓名____________ 成绩__________
(共计50小题,每小题2分,总分100分)
1. My uncle _______ the club in 2018. He _______ the club for over 4 years.
A. joined; has been a member of B. joined; has joined
C. has joined; has joined D. has joined; has been in
【答案】A
【解析】句意:我叔叔2018年加入了这个俱乐部,他成为俱乐部会员超过四年了。in 2018是过去的时间状语,和一般过去时连用,排除C和D(has joined是现在完成时);for over 4 years是“for+时间段”的时间状语,用于现在完成时have/has+done,和延续性动词连用, join是短暂性动词,be a member of“成为……的一员”是延续性动词短语,be的过去分词是been,故选A。
2. Jane ______ swimming every Saturday afternoon. But now she ______ after her sister at home.
A. goes; looking B. goes; is looking
C. is going; looks D. went; looks
【答案】B
【解析】句意:Jane每周六下午都去游泳。但是现在她正在家里照顾他的妹妹。第一空,根据句中时间状语every Saturday afternoon可知,此处描述经常性动作,所以用一般现在时,排除C;第二空,根据句中提示词now可知,此处描述现在正在进行的动作,所以用现在进行时,故选B。
3. —Will there ________ a football match on CCTV 5 this evening?
—Yes. There ________ usually football matches on Sunday evenings.
A. have; have B. be; will be C. are; are D. be; are
【答案】D
【解析】考查there be句型。句意:——今天晚上在央视5频道有一场足球赛吗?——是的,通常是在星期日晚上有足球比赛。根据句中的this evening,可知时态是一-般将来时,there be句型的一般将来时的构成是There will be和There is/are going to be,故第一个空要用be,第二空根据句意通常是在星期日晚上的足球比赛,是习惯,所以时态是一般现在时,主语football matches是复数,故be动词要用are,故选D
4. —Why didn't you answer my call?
—Sorry. I ________ an old friend and we ________ all the time.
A. have met; are talking B. met; talk
C. met; are talking D. met; were talking
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态。句意:——为什么你没有接我的电话?——抱歉,我遇见了一个老朋友,我们一直在说话。由句意可知第一空动作发生在过去,要用一般过去时态,应用动词的过去式,应填met,故排除选项A;第二空,结合句意可知他们一直在说话,表达的是过去持续进行的动作,故用过去进行时was/were + doing,主语是we,应填were talking,故选D。
5. — The weather report says that it tomorrow in most parts of the city.
— If it , the school sports meet will be canceled.
A. will rain; will rain B. will rain; rains
C. rains; will rain D. rains; rains
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态及主谓一致。句意:——天气预报说,在城市的大部分地区明天会下雨。——如果下雨的话,学校运动会将会被取消。由第一句中的时间状语tomorrow可知,该句时态用一般将来时。第二句是if引导的条件状语从句,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,从句主语是第三人称单数,从句中谓语动词也要有第三人称单数形式。故选B。
6. —Mr. Li usually ______ books in her free time.
—Look! He ______ now.
A. read, is reading B. reads, is reading
C. reads, reads D. is reading, read
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——李先生通常在空闲时间看书。——看!他现在正在读书。由usually可知,第一空应用一般现在时,句子的主语是单数意义的专有名词,故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,故排除A;由句中的Look!和now可知,此句应用现在进行时:am/is/are+现在分词,故排除C。故选B。
7. --Have you been to London ________, Tony?
--Yes, I went there two years ________.
A. ago; ago B. before; before
C. before; ago D. ago; before
【答案】C
【解析】用寻找题眼法。第一空所在句子为现在完成时,故用before;第二空所在句子为一般过去时,故用ago。
8. —You mustn’t swim here. Look at the sign. It ________ “No Swimming”.
— Oh, I ________ notice it. Thanks for telling me.
A. says; don’t B. writes; don’t
C. says; didn’t D. writes; didn’t
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——你不能在这里游泳。看标牌。上面写着“禁止游泳”。——哦,我没有注意到。感谢告诉我。某个标牌上写着什么,要用动词say。因为没有注意到,是之前发生的动作,所以时态为一般过去时。结合选项,故选C。
9. —Have you ever ______ to the Great Wall?
—Yes, I ______ there last year.
A. been; went B. gone; went
C. been; have gone D. gone; have gone
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——你曾经去过长城吗?——是的,我去年去了那里。have been to意为“曾经到过”,符合题意;根据时间状语“last year”可知第二空用一般过去时,故选A。
10. —Junior high school days will be over ________ a week. How are you feeling?
—Iˈm trying to keep my cool because weˈve been together ________ three years.
A. in; in B. for; in C. in; for D. for; for
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态的时间标志词。第一个设空处所在句子用的是一般将来时,所以用短语“in +时间段”;第二个空前面weˈve been together用的是现在完成时,所以用短语“for +时间段”,表示动作持续的时间,故选C。
11. —What ________ Cindy ________ just now?
—Sorry, I didn't hear it. I ________ the phone.
A. was; saying; was answering B. did; say; was answering
C. does; say; am answering D. did; say; answer
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——辛迪刚才说了什么?——对不起,我没有听到,(当时)我正在接电话。根据第一句中的just now“刚才”,可判定该句是一般过去时,第一空应用助动词did,第二空用动词的原形,可排除A项与C项;根据句意可知,第三空表示动作当时正在进行,应该是过去进行时,可排除D项。故选B。
12. —Can you guess if Mike ______ swimming with us this afternoon?
—I think he will go with us if he ______ free.
A. goes; is B. will go; will be
C. will go; is D. goes; will be
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——你能猜出迈克今天下午是否愿意和我们一起游泳吗?——我想如果他有空的话,他会和我们一起去的。分析句子结构可知,第一空所在的句子为宾语从句,根据Can you guess可知,主句为一般现在时,从句时态遵循“主现从任”原则,由从句中this afternoon可知,从句用一般将来时“will+动词原形”。第二空所在的句子为if引导的条件状语从句,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,从句主语he是第三人称单数,所以be动词用is。故选C。
13. Don you know whether Dr White ____ for dinner this evening?
No,but I think he ____ when he is free.( )
A. will come; comes B. will come; will come
C. comes; comes D. comes; will come
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——你知道怀特医生今晚是否会来吃晚饭吗?——不知道。但我认为当他有时间的话他会来。问句为宾语从句,根据this evening今晚,可知句子为一般将来时,构成:will do。回答是when引导的时间状语从句,从句是一般现在时,主句用一般将来时。故选B。
14. I wonder if he ______ to my party tomorrow. If he ______, I'll be very happy.
A. comes; will come B. will come; comes
C. comes; comes D. will come; will come
【答案】B
【解析】句意:我不知道他明天是否会来参加我的聚会。如果他来,我会很高兴。分析句子结构可知,前句为if引导的宾语从句,由tomorrow可知,第一空的时态应为一般将来时,即will+动词原形,故排除选项A和C;后句为if引导的条件状语从句,主句时态为一般将来时,根据“主将从现”原则,第二空的时态应为一般现在时,排除选项D,故选B。
15. Tom_____to Shanghai last week, he________ there twice.
A. has gone;has went B. went;has been
C. has gone;has been to D. went;has gone
【答案】B
【解析】句意:汤姆上周去了上海,他去那儿两次了。have gone to去了,还没回来;have been to去过,已经回来了。第一空根据句子时间状语last week,可知强调过去的动作或事情,因此用一般过去时,went;第二空根据句子中标志词twice, 可知句子用现在完成时,意为去过两次了,因此用has been to, there是副词,应去掉介词to。故选:B。
16. —Have you ever _________to Haikou?
—Yes, I______there with my family last August.
A. gone;went B. been;went C. been;gone D. been;going
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——你曾经去过海口吗?——是的,去年八月我和家人去那了。
第一个空根据ever曾经,可知是询问"去过海口吗?"have/has been to sp去过某地,故此处使用been;第二个空,句尾有过去的时间状语last August,应用一般过去时,动词使用过去式,go的过去式是went。故选B。
17. John ________ us when he is free.
A. has joined B. join C. will join D. joined
【答案】C
【解析】用语法判断法。句意为“当约翰有空的时候会加入我们”。when引导时间状语从句时,根据“主将从现”的原则,可推知主句用一般将来时。
18. My brother often ________ TV. But now he ________ the house.
A. watches; is cleaning B. is watching; cleans
C. is watching; is cleaning D. watches; cleans
【答案】A
【解析】句意:我哥哥经常看电视,但是现在他正在打扫房子。often“时常;常常”,常和一般现在时连用,所以前句用一般现在时;now“现在”,常和现在进行时连用,所以后句用现在进行时。故选A。
19. The earthquake ________ while I ________ some reading in the study.
A. was starting; did B. started; did
C. was starting; was doing D. started; was doing
【答案】D
【解析】此题考察一般过去时和过去进行时。先看句意:当我正在书房读书的时候,地震开始了。主句“地震开始”是发生在过去的一个瞬间动作,要用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式started。while引导的从句常用持续性表达“当……正在进行时”,此句主句是一般过去时,所以while引导的从句用过去进行时was doing。故选D
20. There __________ a class party next week, so students are ________ it now.
A. will be; prepare for
B. will have; prepare for
C. is going to be; preparing for
D. is going to have; preparing for
【答案】C
【解析】根据next week可知第一空用一般将来时,根据now可知第二空用现在进行时,排除A和B,根据a class party可知用There is going to be,故选C。
21. ——Are you a basketball player in your school?
——Yes, I_______the team three years ago. I___________in it for three years.
A. joined; was B. was joined; am
C. have joined; have been D. joined; have been
【答案】D
【解析】考查一般过去时和现在完成时。句意:——你是你们学校的篮球运动员吗?——是的,我三年前加入了这个团队。我已经干了三年了。根据 three years ago可知是三年前加入了这个团队,应该用一般过去时,主语是I,和动词join之间是主谓关系,所以用主动语态joined;第二个空根据for three years可知用现在完成时,其构成为have/has+过去分词,主语是I ,助动词用have,故选D。
22. My father ______ TV in the living room when I ______ home yesterday.
A. watched; got B. was watching; got
C. watched; was getting D. was watching; was getting
【答案】B
【解析】句意:当我昨天到家的时候,我的爸爸正在客厅看电视。根据时间状语yesterday,可知本题要使用过去的某种时态,过去进行时的构成:was/were+doing,表示过去某时刻正在进行的动作。watch是延续性动词,可以用于进行时;而get意为“到达”是非延续性动词,当此意讲时,一般不能用于进行时。根据过去进行时用在主从复合句中的时候,表示一个动作发生的时候,另一个动作正在进行。故选B。
23. The head teacher with his students ________ Xihui Park if it ________ tomorrow.
A. is going to; doesn't rain B. are going to; won't rain
C. is going to; won't rain D. are going to; doesn't rain
【答案】A
【解析】句意:如果明天不下雨,校长和他的学生们就去西汇公园。在if引导的条件状语从句中,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时代替将来时;主句中介词短语with his students用作状语,故主语只有The head teacher,系动词用单数is。故选A。
24. ---Let's go hiking if it_______this weekend.
---But nobody knows if it________.
A. is fine; will rain B. is fine; rains
C. will be fine; will rain D. will be fine; rains
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——如果这个周末天气好,我们就去徒步旅行吧。——但没人知道会不会下雨。第一句是 if引导的条件状语从句,时态遵循主将从现原则,从句用一般现在时表将来,排除C;第二句是if引导的宾语从句,时态遵循主现从任原则,结合时间状语this weekend可知,宾语从句用一般将来时,结构为“will do”。故选A。
25. —Mike, where is your father?
—He __________ to New York on business. He __________ the airport at five in the morning.
A. has gone; has left for B. has been; has left for
C. has gone; left for D. has been; left for
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——迈克,你爸爸在哪儿?——他去纽约出差了。他早上五点动身去机场。根据句子结构,说话的时候爸爸不在本地,去了的动作发生在过去,对现在造成一定的影响,故用现在完成时,have gone to去了某地,还没回来,have been to去过某地,已经回来,第一空根据 where is your father?可知,是去了纽约,还没回来,排除B和D;第二空根据后面的时间状语at five in the morning可知,表达的是过去的事情,用一般过去时,leave for动身去..,leave的过去式是left,故选C。
26. —Have you ever ________ an amusement park?
—Yes, I have. I ________ Fun Times Amusement Park last year.
A. been to; have gone to B. gone to; have been to
C. go to; went to D. been to; went to
【答案】D
【解析】句意为“——你曾经去过游乐园吗?——是的,我去过。去年我去了欢乐时光游乐园”。has/have been to表示“曾经去过”,说明有某种经历;has/have gone to表示“已去某地(在途中或已经到达目的地)”。由答句中的“last year”,可知问的是过去已经发生的事情,故选D。
27. I donˈt know if it _______ tomorrow. If it _______, I wonˈt go.
A. will rain; will rain B. rains; rains
C. rains; will rain D. will rain; rains
【答案】D
【解析】句意:我不知道明天是否下雨。如果下雨,我不会去。 前一句是if“是否”引导的宾语从句,主句I donˈt know是一般现在时,根据主现从任,由tomorrow可知,此处应用一般将来时态;后一句是if“如果”引导的条件状语从句,当主句描述将来动作时,条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来动作。结合句意,故选D。
28. The baby is ______ now. He always ______ when he is hungry.
A. criing; cries B. crys; crying C. crying; crys D. crying; cries
【答案】D
【解析】句意:孩子正在哭。当他饿时总是哭。 cry动词,哭。第一个空格表示正在进行的事应使用现在进行时,is后应使用动词的现在分词crying;第二个空格前有always“总是”可知,描述经常习惯性的动作应使用一般现在时,主语he谓语用第三人称单数形式cries。
29. I ______ the school basketball team last year. I ______ in the team for half a year.
A. have joined; was B. have joined; have been
C. joined; have been D. joined; was
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我去年加入了学校篮球队。我在这个队里已经半年了。第一句的时间状语是last year,用一般过去时,排除AB;根据第二句中for+一段时间可知用现在完成时,其结构是have/has+done,故排除D。故选C。
30. My uncle usually ______ tea after dinner, but now he ______ coffee.
A. drinks; drinks B. drinks; is drinking
C. is drinking; drinks D. is drinking; is drinking
【答案】B
【解析】句意:我叔叔通常晚饭后喝茶,但现在他在喝咖啡。drink喝,动词,根据usually可知,此处描述经常性动作,是一般现在时,uncle叔叔,第三人称单数形式,drink用第三人称单数形式drinks,根据now可知是现在进行时,结构为is/am/are+doing,he,他,第三人称单数形式,用is,故选B。
31. It ______ five years since we last ______ each other.
A. is; have seen B. is; saw
C. was; saw D. has been; have been
【答案】B
【解析】句意:自从我们上次见到彼此已经五年了。分析句子可知,此句是由since引导的时间状语从句,根据语境可知,从句用一般过去时,而主句用一般现在时或者现在完成时。故选B。
32. —What is Bill doing right now?
—He ________ soccer. He ________ soccer every Saturday.
A. play; plays B. plays; is playing
C. is playing; plays D. is playing; is playing
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——比尔现在在做什么?——他正在踢足球。他每周六踢足球。根据What is Bill doing right now?可知,第一空用现在进行时表示正在进行的动作;根据every Saturday.可知,第二空用一般现在时表示经常性动作,谓语用第三人称单数。
33. -Son, you have never been abroad. I’m worried about you.
-Don’t worry, mom. As soon as I ______, I ______ you.
A. will arrive; call B. will arrive; will call
C. arrive; will call D. arrive; call
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——儿子,你从来没有出过国。我很担心你。——别担心,妈妈。我一到就给你打电话。根据As soon as一.....就.....,可知,此处引导时间状语从句,时态遵循主将从现的原则,主句用一般将来时“will+动词原形”,从句用一般现在时,故第一空填arrive,第二空填will call,故选C。
34. —Mike, where is your father?
—He ________ to New York on business. He ________ the airport at five in the morning.
A. has gone; has left for B. has been; has left for
C. has gone; left for D. has been; left for
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——迈克,你爸爸在哪儿?——他去纽约出差了。他今天早上5点出发去机场了。根据语境可知第一空表示“去了某处”,要用have gone to,而have been to表示“去过某地”;leave for...表示“出发去……”,根据语境可知,动作发生在过去,故用一般过去时。故选C。
35. —Is Danny at home now?
—No. He _____ the park. He _____ there half an hour ago.
A. has gone to;went B. has gone to;has gone
C. has been to;went D. has been to;has gone
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——Danny现在在家吗?——不在,他去公园了。他半小时前去的。根据句意"他去公园了。has been to表示曾经去过某地,已经回来了,has gone to表示去了某地,还未回来。根据half an hour ago可知空二是一般过去时,用went;根据He_____the park. He_____there half an hour ago.可知,他去了公园,还没回来,用has gone to。
36. —Have you ever ________ to Caozhou Peony Garden?
—Yes, I ________ there last year.
A. been; went B. gone; went C. been; gone D. gone; go
【答案】A
【解析】考查时态。句意:——你曾经去过曹州牡丹园吗?——是的,我去年去的。由语境可知,第一空填been,have been to意为“去过”,符合语境;根据时间状语last year可知第二空用一般过去时,故选A。
37. My sister ______ Qingdao two years ago, she ______ for two years.
A. has left; has left B. left; has been away
C. left; has left D. has been away; has been away
【答案】B
【解析】考查一般过去时和现在完成时。句意:我的妹妹两年前离开了青岛,她已经离开两年了。空处一描述过去发生的事情,所以用一般过去时,故排除A、D选项;for+一段时间,常和现在完成时连用,且要用延续性动词;left离开,非延续性动词,故排除C选项,故选B。
38. —________ you go to your grandparents’ home every weekend, Lucy?
—Yes, and I ________ chickens there last weekend.
A. Do; feed B. Do; fed C. Did; feed D. Did; fed
【答案】B
【解析】此题考察一般现在时和一般过去时。第一句中根据时间标志词every weekend“每个周末”可知要用一般现在时,行为动词的一般现在时变疑问句借助助动词do/does,此句主语是you,所以用do。第二句中的时间标志词last weekend“上周末”提示我们此句是一般过去时,所以动词feed要用过去式fed。故选B。
39. --______ you _____ your homework yet?
--Yes. I _____ it a moment ago.
A. Did; do; finished B. Have; done; finished
C. Have; done; have finished D. will; do; finish
【答案】B
【解析】利用找时间标志词法判断时态。第一句中yet提示我们是现在完成时have done。第二句中的a moment ago“一会儿之前”提示我们此句要用一般过去时,动词用过去式。故选B。
40. There ______ a class party next week, so students are ______ it now.
A. will be; prepare for
B. will have; prepare for
C. is going to be; preparing for
D. is going to have; preparing for
【答案】C
【解析】句意:下周将有一个班级聚会,所以学生们现在正在准备。第一空所在的句子为there be句型,再由next week可知句子是一般将来时。there be句型的一般将来时形式为“there will be”或“there is/are going to be”。结合now可知,第二空所在的句子用现在进行时“am/is/are+动词的现在分词”。故选C。
41. I ________ Shanghai twice. I ________ there last winter and this summer.
A. have been to; have gone to B. have been to; will go
C. have gone to; went D. have been to; went
【答案】D
【解析】句意:我去过上海两次了。我去年冬天和今年夏天去那里了。表示“去过某地几次”时要用have been to,先排除C;再根据last winter and this summer可知时态是一般过去时,第二空要填went,故答案为D。
42. Li Lei usually ________ his homework in the evening, but he ________ it last night.
A. do; doesnˈt do B. does; didnˈt do
C. did; doesnˈt did D. doing; didnˈt did
【答案】B
【解析】 句意:李磊通常晚上做家庭作业,但是昨晚他没有做家庭作业。前空表示习惯性的动作,用一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,故用动词第三人称单数形式does;后空由时间状语“last night”可知用一般过去时。根据句意可知用否定形式,即didnˈt do。故选B。
43. So far China__________nine manned spaceships into space.
A. sends B. will send C. has sent D. sent
【答案】C
【解析】句意:到目前为止,中国已经向太空发射了九艘载人飞船。根据so far到目前为止,表示已完成,可知句子用现在完成时have/has+过去分词。故选C。
44. —When did your parents ______?
—They ______ since 15 years ago.
A. marry; married
B. get married; have been married
C. be married; have got married
D. marry with; have been married
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——你父母什么时候结婚的?——自从15年前他们就已经结婚了。marry嫁,娶;get married结婚;be married结婚了,强调状态。第一个空格表示父母结婚,助动词did后用动词原形get married;第二个空格表示“自从15年前就已经结婚了”,结婚的状态应使用be married,根据since 15 years ago.可知应使用现在完成时,主语they谓语应使用have been married。
45. Eric often _________ his aunt before he moved to the city.
A. has visited B. visits C. visited D. is visiting
【答案】C
【解析】句意:Eric在搬到这个城市之前经常看望他的阿姨。根据题干从句中的moved to可知,主句的时态也用一般过去时,故选C。
46. My uncle and I ________ the Great Wall next week. Iˈm looking forward to that.
A. visit B. visited C. will visit D. are visiting
【答案】C
【解析】根据时间状语next week可知,本句时态是一般将来时,结构为:will+动词原形/be going to+动词原形。visit拜访,参观,动词。
47. William six books, and all of them are bestsellers.
A. will write B. is writing C. has written D. was writing
【答案】C
【解析】句意:威廉写了六本书,它们都是畅销书。现在完成时指的是过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果,根据后半句all of them are bestsellers“都是畅销书”,可知写书的动作发生在过去,对现在造成的影响它们卖的很好,这是现在完成时的用法,其结构是have/has+过去分词,故选C。
48. I saw Bob in the garden. He ______ flowers there.
A. waters B. has watered C. is watering D. was watering
【答案】D
【解析】句意:我刚才看见Bob在花园里,他正在那儿浇花。可知要用进行时,再结合前句的saw(see的过去式)可知,要用过去进行时。A一般现在时,B现在完成时,C现在进行时,D过去进行时。故选D。
49. If you study hard, you____great progress.
A. will make a B. make a C. will make D. make
【答案】C
【解析】句意:如果你努力学习,你将会取得好成绩。注意progress“进步”是不可数名词,所以前面不用冠词。if引导的条件状语从句,主将从现。故选C。
50.—I really want to go to college for further study.
—Believe in yourself. If you ______ hard, your dream will come true.
A. will study B. studied C. study
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——我真的很想上大学深造。——相信自己。如果你努力学习,你的梦想就会实现。A.will study将学习,一般将来时;B.studied学习,一般过去时;C.study学习,一般现在时。主句your dream will come true.是一般将来时,if引导的条件状语从句遵循主将从现的原则,故设空处用一般现在时。
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