【壹铭高考真题】4 2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国乙卷) 英语试卷

这是一份【壹铭高考真题】4 2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国乙卷) 英语试卷，共15页。试卷主要包含了5分,满分7，15等内容，欢迎下载使用。


第一部分　听力(共两节,满分30分)
做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例:How much is the shirt?
A.￡19.15.　 B.￡9.18.　 C.￡9.15.
答案是C。
1.What does the man want to do?
A.Have breakfast.
B.Take a walk.
C.Call his office.
2.What was George doing last night?
A.Having a meeting.
B.Flying home.
C.Working on a project.
3.Why does the man suggest going to the park?
A.It?s big.
B.It?s quiet.
C.It?s new.
4.How does the woman sound?
A.Annoyed. B.Pleased. C.Puzzled.
5.Where is the man?s table?
A.Near the door.
B.By the window.
C.In the corner.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.What are the speakers going to do tonight?
A.Eat out.
B.Go shopping.
C.Do sports.
7.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A.Boss and secretary.
B.Hostess and guest.
C.Husband and wife.
听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
8.Why does the woman think July is the best time to move?
A.Their business is slow.
B.The weather is favorable.
C.It?s easy to hire people.
9.How will they handle the moving?
A.Finish it all at once.
B.Have the sales section go first.
C.Do one department at a time.
听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。
10.What did Peter learn from his grandfather?
A.How to appreciate art works.
B.How to deal with artists.
C.How to run a museum.
11.What did Peter do in Chicago?
A.He studied at a college.
B.He served in the army.
C.He worked in a gallery.
12.Whose works did Peter like best?
A.Rembrandt?s.
B.Botticelli?s.
C.Rubens?.
听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。
13.Where does the conversation take place?
A.At a library.
B.In a law firm.
C.On a train.
14.By what time did John plan to finish his term paper?
A.March. B.August. C.October.
15.Why did John quit his part-time job?
A.He had to catch up with his study.
B.He was offered a better one.
C.He got tired of it.
16.What is Susan?s attitude to John?s problem?
A.Carefree.
B.Understanding.
C.Forgiving.
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
17.What did the speaker do before the year 2012?
A.A fitness coach.
B.A chess player.
C.A marathon runner.
18.Why was the 2016 Olympics important for the speaker?
A.He was motivated by Bolt.
B.He broke a world record.
C.He won fifth place.
19.Which is the hardest for the speaker?
A.Getting over an injury.
B.Doing strength training.
C.Representing Botswana.
20.What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A.His plan to go for the gold.
B.His experience on the track.
C.His love for his home country.
第二部分　阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Henry Raeburn (1756—1823)
The Exhibition
This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland?s best loved painter,Sir Henry Raeburn,comes to London.Selected from collections throughout the world,it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years.
Lecture Series
Scottish National Portrait(肖像画) Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public.They are held in the Lecture Room.Admission to lectures is free.
An Introduction to Raeburn
Sunday 26 Oct.,15.00
DUNCAN THOMSON
Raeburn?s English Contemporaries
Thursday 30 Oct.,13.10
JUDY EGERTON
Characters and Characterisation in Raeburn?s Portraits
Thursday 6 Nov.,13.10
NICHOLAS PHILLIPSON
Raeburn and Artist?s Training in the 18th Century
Thursday 13 Nov.,13.10
MARTIN POSTLE

Exhibition Times
Monday-Saturday 10.00-17.45
Sunday 12.00 -17.45
Last admission to the exhibition:17.15.There is no re-admission.
Closed:24-26 December and 1 January
Admission
￡4.Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.
Schools and Colleges
A special low entrance charge of ￡2 per person is available to all in full-time education,up to and including those at first degree level,in organised groups with teachers.
21.What is the right time for attending Raeburn?s English Contemporaries?
A.Sun.26 Oct.　　　　B.Thurs.30 Oct.
C.Thurs.6 Nov. D.Thurs.13 Nov.
22.How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission?
A.￡4. B.￡8.
C.￡12.　　 D.￡16.
23.How can full-time students get group discounts?
A.They should go on Sunday mornings.
B.They should come from art schools.
C.They must be led by teachers.
D.They must have ID cards with them.
B
In 1916,two girls of wealthy families,best friends from Auburn,N.Y.—Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood—traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse.The girls had gone to Smith College.They wore expensive clothes.So for them to move to Elkhead,Colo.to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise.Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of Nothing Daunted:The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden,who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruff?s granddaughter.
Why did they go then?Well,they wanted to do something useful.Soon,however,they realized what they had undertaken.
They moved in with a local family,the Harrisons,and,like them,had little privacy,rare baths,and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning.Some mornings,Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold.In spring,the snow was replaced by mud over ice.
In Wickenden?s book,she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism,which of course influenced the girls? decision to go to Elkhead.A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads,which entailed (牵涉) drilling through the Rockies,often in blinding snowstorms.The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy?s return to Auburn.
Wickenden is a very good storyteller.The sweep of the land and the stoicism (坚忍) of the people move her to some beautiful writing.Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff,on her horse,looking down from a hill top:“When the sun slipped behind the mountains,it shed a rosy glow all around them.Then a full moon rose.The snow was marked only by small animals:foxes,coyotes,mice,and varying hares,which turned white in the winter.”
24.Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains?
A.To teach in a school.
B.To study American history.
C.To write a book.
D.To do sightseeing.
25.What can we learn about the girls from paragraph 3?
A.They enjoyed much respect.
B.They had a room with a bathtub.
C.They lived with the local kids.
D.They suffered severe hardships.
26.Which part of Wickenden?s writing is hair-raising?
A.The extreme climate of Auburn.
B.The living conditions in Elkhead.
C.The railroad building in the Rockies.
D.The natural beauty of the West.
27.What is the text?
A.A news report. B.A book review.
C.A children?s story. D.A diary entry.
C
Can a small group of drones(无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and,at the same time,help railway operators save billions of euros each year?That is the very likely future of applying today?s “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure(基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines.They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.The more regularly they can be inspected,the more railway safety,reliability and on-time performance will be improved.Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient(高效) across the board.
That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety.It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance,including sending maintenance staff,often at night,to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure.That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews? efforts.
By using the latest technologies,drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways,detecting faults in the rail or switches,before they can cause any safety problems.To perform these tasks,drones for rail don?t need to be flying overhead.Engineers are now working on a new concept:the rail drones of the future.They will be moving on the track ahead of the train,and programmed to run autonomously.Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot.With their ability to see ahead,they could signal any problem,so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.
28.What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible?
A.The use of drones in checking on power lines.
B.Drones? ability to work at high altitudes.
C.The reduction of cost in designing drones.
D.Drones? reliable performance in remote areas.
29.What does “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?
A.Personnel safety.
B.Assistance from drones.
C.Inspection and repair.
D.Construction of infrastructure.
30.What function is expected of the rail drones?
A.To provide early warning.
B.To make trains run automatically.
C.To earn profits for the crews.
D.To accelerate transportation.
31.Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A.What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones
B.How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded
C.What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face
D.How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways
D
The Government?s sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers first predicted it would generate,the first official data on the policy has shown.
First announced in April,2016,the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml,was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity(肥胖).It is believed that today?s children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar,putting them at a higher risk of the disease.
Initially the sugar tax was expected to make ￡520m a year for the Treasury.However,data of the first six months showed it would make less than half this amount.At present it is expected to generate ￡240m for the year ending in April 2019,which will go to school sports.
It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers (制造商) so they can avoid paying the tax.Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers? efforts to avoid the charge,according to Treasury figures.Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import,depending on the sugar content.
However,some high sugar brands,like Classic Coca Cola,have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers.Fruit juices,milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax,as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year.
Today?s figures,according to one government official,show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities (设施) and healthier eating in schools.Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance,and the industry is playing its part.
32.Why was the sugar tax introduced?
A.To collect money for schools.
B.To improve the quality of drinks.
C.To protect children?s health.
D.To encourage research in education.
33.How did some drinks companies respond to the sugar tax?
A.They turned to overseas markets.
B.They raised the prices of their products.
C.They cut down on their production.
D.They reduced their products? sugar content.
34.From which of the following is the sugar tax collected?
A.Most alcoholic drinks.
B.Milk-based drinks.
C.Fruit juices.
D.Classic Coke.
35.What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy?
A.It is a short-sighted decision.
B.It is a success story.
C.It benefits manufacturers.
D.It upsets customers.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health.Here are five ways to sustain(保持) long-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and share with one another.With busy schedules,squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge.　36　. 
·More isn?t always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both.　37　.There are alternatives to constant written communication,such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat. 
·Practise empathy(共情)
　38　.The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved.The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned. 
·　39　 
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships.Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible,extra effort goes a long way on special days.Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends? birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
·Don?t rely on technology alone
　40　,but long-distance friendships—even close ones—may require more conscious effort to sustain.Try to seek out chances to renew friendships.How to do it?Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible. 
A.Remember important dates
B.Compensate by writing letters
C.It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D.Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E.Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F.It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G.You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
第三部分　语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek.For them,there?s something highly exciting about 　41　 someone else?s glance and making oneself unable to be seen. 
However,we all witness that preschool children are remarkably 　42　 at hiding.They often cover only their eyes with their hands,leaving the rest of their bodies 　43　. 
For a long time,this ineffective hiding method was 　44　 as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric”(自我中心的) creatures.But our 　45　 research results in child developmental psychology 　46　 that idea. 
We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.Each 　47　 sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or 　48　.We then asked the child if she could 　49　 or hear the adult.Surprisingly,children replied that they couldn?t.The same 　50　 happened when the adult covered her own mouth:　51　 children said that they couldn?t 　52　 to her. 
A number of 　53　 ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked.The results were clear:Our young subjects 　54　 the questions and knew 　55　 what was asked of them.Their 　56　 to the questions reflected their true 　57　 that “I can see you only if you can see me,too.” They simply 　58　 mutual(相互的) recognition and regard.Our 　59　 suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head,it is not a result of egocentrism.In fact,children consider this method 　60　 when others use it. 
41.A.following B.taking
C.escaping D.directing
42.A.clever B.bad
C.scared D.quick
43.A.exposed B.examined
C.untouched D.imbalanced
44.A.supported B.guaranteed
C.imagined D.interpreted
45.A.disappointing B.mixed
C.surprising D.desired
46.A.explained B.confirmed
C.contradicted D.tested
47.A.parent B.child
C.researcher D.doctor
48.A.feet B.nose
C.hands D.ears
49.A.see B.help
C.reach D.fool
50.A.event B.thing
C.action D.accident
51.A.Yet B.Now
C.Soon D.Once
52.A.speak B.listen
C.turn D.wave
53.A.instructions B.descriptions
C.experiments D.assumptions
54.A.comprehended B.predicted
C.explored D.ignored
55.A.partly B.honestly
C.vaguely D.exactly
56.A.responses B.approaches
C.contribution D.sensitivity
57.A.ability B.belief
C.identity D.purpose
58.A.hold back B.relate to
C.insist on D.make up
59.A.limitations B.requirements
C.theories D.findings
60.A.tentative B.impressive
C.creative D.effective
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day,which was named officially 　61　 the United Nations on November 27th,2019.To celebrate 　62　 festival,a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday. 
The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society 　63　(address)the opening ceremony.“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day,the birthplace of tea and the 　64　(large) tea-producing country,China has a 　65　(responsible) to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.It can help to build a community with a 　66　(share) future for mankind,” he said. 
The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued(发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation 　67　 cultural exchanges.A four-year tea promotion—Tea Road Cooperative Plan—was also issued in accordance with the initiative. 
　68　(strengthen) the connection with young people,the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media,　69　(invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. 
The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled(揭幕) at the ceremony,opening 　70　(it) first exhibition:The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu?er Tea. 
第四部分　写作(共两节,满分35分)
第一节　短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
We all know that cycling is a greatly exercise.A doctor tells me people who lives the longest are dancers and cyclists.Maybe it is because the combination of fresh air,smooth movement and exercise.Whether you ride a bicycle,you don?t use petrol.So they are not producing carbon dioxide and not cause air pollution.Just see how cars have been taken over our cities.They often run at high speeds,what may put our lives in danger.And there were traffic jams,too.Our cities will be better places if we replace cars with bicycle.
第二节　书面表达(满分25分)
学校英文报正在开展以Learning English Beyond the Classroom为题的讨论。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿,内容包括:
1.学习活动状况描述;
2.简单评论;
3.你的建议。

学生英语学习活动调查结果(人数百分比)
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.短文的题目和首句已为你写好。
Learning English Beyond the Classroom
Recently a survey was carried out about English learning beyond the classroom. 
 
 
 
 
 
 








●42022年英语(全国乙卷)
听力部分答案
1~5 BCBAC　　　　6~10 ACACA
11~15 ACCBA 16~20 BBCAB
附:听力原文
(Text 1)
M:Jenny,you can just drop me here.
W:But we are two streets away from the office.
M:It?s fine.①I had a big breakfast,and feel like a bit of walk.
(Text 2)
W:Hello,George.You look tired.Didn?t sleep well last night?
M:No,not at all.②I had to work flat out to meet the project deadline.Now I?m really feeling a bit run-down.
(Text 3)
W:John,can?t we go someplace and talk?It?s so noisy in here.
M:Well,③there is a small park across the street.It?s usually not crowded at this time of day.
(Text 4)
W:④We?ve got to do something about the neighbor?s dog.
M:Why?Has he been into your flower garden again?
W:④The flower garden,the garbage can and yesterday he started digging holes in the yard.
(Text 5)
M:Hello,we have a reservation in the name of Mr.Johns.Is there any table by the window?
W:Sorry,⑤we?ve got this corner table for you.It?s quiet here,not close to the door.
(Text 6)
W:⑥Dave,don?t forget we are invited out to dinner tonight.
M:⑥Oh yeah. I almost forgot.What time?
W:7:30.We should leave the house by 6:30.You know how bad the traffic is that time of night.
M:It?s informal,isn?t it?
W:Yeah.⑦You can wear your new sports jacket,the one I got you as an anniversary gift.
M:Okay.Well,I?ve got to go.I?ll try to get home a little earlier today.
W:Good.
(Text 7)
M:We need to decide exactly when we?re going to move.Any suggestions?
W:⑧I think July would be the best time.Our sales are always down that month. We could move all the office equipment at a weekend—do everything at once.
M:I think a weekend?s too short.⑨Maybe we should do it department by department.
W:What do you mean?
M:⑨Well,each week a different department will move. That way,there will always be people here to handle customer inquiries,phone calls,and so on.
W:Hmm,that?s a good idea.
(Text 8)
W:So,Mr.Peter Sayles,I?ve been curious to know what were the early connections in your life that led you into the art field.
M:My grandfather was an art dealer in Munich.They had a great museum in Munich.He took me to the museum.And I responded very strongly to what I saw on the walls there. ⑩I learned about art from him.I learned about looking at art from him. I think that?s what really got me started.Then,many years later,after I got out of the army,⑪I went to study art history at the University of Chicago.
W:Tell us more about your experiences of looking at art with your grandfather.
M:Well,we looked at the famous paintings by the great artists like Rembrandt,Botticelli and Albrecht Dürer.  ⑫Rubens? paintings were my favorites.Yes,I remember these things.This was when I was between 10 and 15.When I was 14,I was so anxious to see more art that a friend of mine and I bicycled across the Alps to see Venice.That was a big adventure.
(Text 9)
W:Hi,John!Haven?t seen you for ages!
M:Hi,Susan!⑬Fancy meeting you here on the train!
W:How is your college life?
M:What can I say?I?ve survived.
W:What happened?
M:Well,early last March I started doing a part-time job in a law firm.A few weeks before I had started writing my term paper.⑭I thought I could finish it by August.
W:That was a pretty good idea trying to have some work experience.
M:For the first three weeks,you know,I tried.I got up early and worked for an hour on my paper before going to work. But work was so fun,I met tons of new people and  ⑮soon I couldn?t find even a minute for my paper.So,I had to quit my part-time job and finally finished my paper in October.
W:⑯Well,it?s never too late to mend.It?s kind of hard to find a balance between what you have to do and what you want to do.
M:Yeah,it?s really important for me to balance study and work.And I think I should learn to exercise some self-control.
(Text 10)
M:Being an athlete is very fun,painful and exciting.
 ⑳Every time I come to the track,I feel like I?m out of this place.This is Botswana National Stadium.This is where I train.  ⑰When I saw Usain Bolt running in 2012 London Olympics,I was amazed.Just watching him run got me motivated. I quit being a chess player and started to run.  ⑱I went to the 2016 Olympics,and went to the finals at the age of 18.And,wow,I finished fifth.It was a dream come true to me,but I still wanted more.The training is super hard,⑲but the hardest part for me is that I got an injury—an injury which may take me out for years. For a period of time,as a young athlete,I didn?t know what to do.I lost focus.⑳But now,I?m back on the track.I really want to be there at the Olympics,and do what I did before,do much,much greater.I don?t care about the gold.I don?t care about the silver.I want to do my best.You know,take everything and show it to the world.
阅读理解
A
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了苏格兰著名画家Henry Raeburn的作品展,包括系列讲座的时间安排、展览的时间、收费标准以及打折活动等。
21.B　细节理解题。根据文中Raeburn?s English Contemporaries的表格信息可知,恰当的参加时间为10月30日,星期四,故选B项。
22.B　细节理解题。根据题干中的信息可知,参观者为一对夫妇外加两个十二岁以下的孩子,再根据Admission中的内容可知,一名成年人可带十二岁以下儿童参观,儿童免费,成年人一位需要花费4英镑,两个大人是8英镑。故选B项。
23.C　细节理解题。根据题干中的关键信息“full-time students”以及“group discounts”可迅速定位到正文最后一段内容,由文中“in organised groups with teachers”可知,在老师带领下才享有折扣。故选C项。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇书评。文章介绍了Dorothy Wickenden写的一本小说,包括故事的主人公、故事发生的背景、故事的教育意义等。
24.A　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“...to teach in a one-room schoolhouse”可知,两个女孩来到美国的落基山脉地区是为了教书育人。故选A项。
25.D　推理判断题。根据第三段的细节内容“rare baths,and a blanket of snow on their quilt” “children weeping from the cold” “the snow was replaced by mud over ice”可知,当地的生活和居住条件非常恶劣,两个女孩吃了很多苦。故选D项。
26.C　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads”可知,四个选项中只有C项与原文内容相符。故选C项。
27.B　推理判断题。通读全文内容可知,文章首先介绍了小说的两位主人公以及作者,然后介绍了故事发生的地点和大致内容,最后介绍了小说的特色与优点,由此推断,这是一篇书评。故选B项。
C
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了无人机的各种优势、对铁路系统做出的诸多贡献以及未来的应用方向。
28.A　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知,无人机目前正在被用来检查高压电线,这使得它将被应用于铁路系统成为可能。故选A项。
29.C　词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure”可以推断出,画线单词指的就是“维修,维护”。故选C项。
30.A　细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句和最后一句可知,人们期盼铁路无人机在未来能够提供预先警报,确保列车能及时应对问题,从而提高安全系数。故选A项。
31.D　主旨大意题。通读全文内容可知,文章主要介绍了无人机目前的应用范围以及未来在铁路方面的应用方向,因此“无人机将如何改变铁路的未来”最能概括文章内容。故选D项。
D
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。英国从2016年开始对软饮料制造商征收“糖税”,这个做法是为了确保儿童的身体健康。事实证明,截至目前,该政策已经卓有成效。
32.C　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知,向制造商征收“糖税”的目的是帮助减少儿童肥胖问题,也就是为了保护儿童健康。故选C项。
33.D　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知,一些饮料制造商为了避免缴纳“糖税”,设法减少饮料的含糖量。故选D项。
34.D　细节理解题。根据第五段内容可知,A、B、C三项都是免税的,只有经典可乐接受了要缴纳“糖税”这件事。故选D项。
35.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知,推行“糖税”迫使一些软饮料制造商减少了产品中糖的含量,而缴纳的税费被用于增加学校的体育设施和为学生提供更加健康的饮食。由此推断,这种做法非常成功。故选B项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。友谊需要细心呵护才能健康地发展,文章就相距较远的朋友如何保持长久的友谊给出了五条建议。
36.D　根据该段的小标题以及上文提到busy schedules可知,此处说明双方需要努力找一个对彼此都合适的时间来保持联系,并坚持这一做法。故选D项。
37.E　根据上文的“have communicated with your friend”和下文的“There are alternatives to constant written communication”可知,E项能够承上启下。故选E项。
38.G　根据下文出现的is remaining,has moved,new environment等关键信息可知,朋友可能会搬走或者被留在原地。G项符合语境。故选G项。
39.A　根据该段的内容可知,周年纪念日、生日等是非常重要的日期,为避免遗忘,要用日记本把一些重要的日期记录下来,故小标题应为“记住重要的日期”。故选A项。
40.F　根据下文的“face-to-face time together”可知,虽然通过社交媒体保持联系很容易,但是,面对面的聚会也是很有必要的。故选F项。
语言知识运用
第一节
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。学龄前儿童在玩捉迷藏的游戏时,通常表现出“顾头不顾尾”的滑稽样子。之前这种行为被解释为是“自我中心”的表现,但最新的实验结果表明,情况并非如此。
41.C　根据常理可知,孩子们之所以喜欢玩“捉迷藏”的游戏,是因为当他们藏起来的时候,感觉自己能够躲避(escaping)寻找者的目光,所以非常紧张刺激。
42.B　根据下文的内容可知,学龄前儿童不善于(bad)隐藏。
43.A　根据“cover only their eyes”和生活常识可知,学龄前儿童在躲藏时往往只捂住自己的眼睛,却把身体的其他部分暴露(exposed)出来。
44.D　根据本句内容可知,长时间以来,儿童的这种无效躲藏的方式被解释(interpreted)为“儿童是自我中心型生物”的证据。
45.C　根据下文内容可知,实验结果是非常令人惊讶的(surprising)。
46.C　根据下文实验的结论可知,这个结果与之前人们的想法是完全相反的(contradicted)。
47.B　根据上文出现的“young children”以及下文的“an adult”可知,此处指的是小孩子(child)。
48.D　根据下文出现的“or hear the adult”可知,此处指的是蒙上眼睛或捂住耳朵(ears)。
49.A　根据上文出现的“who covered her own eyes”可知,此处指的是看到(see)。
50.B　根据冒号后面的内容可知,当成年人捂上自己的嘴巴时,相同的事情(thing)出现了。
51.B　根据上下文语境可知,此刻(Now)孩子们的回答与反应与之前完全相似。
52.A　根据上文内容“covered her own mouth”可知,因为大人捂着嘴巴,所以孩子们说他们不能与大人讲话(speak)。
53.C　根据上文内容可知,这是进行的科学实验,但是一次实验肯定不能得出结论,所以进行很多次实验(experiments),排除了孩子们误解问题的可能性。
54.A　根据上文出现的misunderstood可知,结果很清楚地表明,孩子们理解(comprehended)问题是什么。
55.D　根据上文出现的misunderstood以及clear可知,孩子们确切地(exactly)知道他们被问的是什么问题。
56.A　根据上文内容以及下文的questions可知,此处指的是孩子们对问题的回答(responses)。
57.B　根据下文内容可知,孩子们真实的想法(belief)是:只有你能看到我,我才能看到你。
58.C　根据上文的实验过程和结果可知,孩子们在捉迷藏中的表现表明,他们只是坚持(insist on)相互承认和尊重。
59.D　根据上文内容可知,科学实验有了新的发现或结果(findings),完全推翻了之前的结论。
60.D　根据上文内容以及上文出现的ineffective一词可知,事实上,当别人用这个方法时,孩子们就会认为这个方法是有效的(effective)。
第二节
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了联合国确定的首届“国际茶日”的相关内容及北京华商博物馆为此所举办的一系列活动。
61.by　考查介词。此处be named by表示“由……命名”。根据前面的被动语态was named可知,此处填介词by表被动。
62.the　考查冠词。此处的festival特指上文提到的首届“国际茶日”,故用定冠词the。
63.addressed　考查谓语动词。根据上文提到的May 21st可知,首届“国际茶日”已经举办,故需要用一般过去时。故填addressed。
64.largest　考查形容词最高级。结合句意可知,此处表示“作为茶的发源地和最大的茶叶生产国”,同时空前的定冠词the亦能表明需要用最高级,故填largest。
65.responsibility　考查名词。根据空前的冠词a可知,空格处需要用名词形式。have a responsibility to do sth表示“有责任做某事”。
66.shared　考查非谓语动词。此处需要用过去分词作定语,修饰future,表示“人类命运共同体”。
67.and　考查连词。空前的international cooperation与空后的cultural exchanges为相同的名词短语成分,故需要用连词连接,由于前后表示并列关系,故用and。此处表示“促进国际合作和文化交流”。
68.To strengthen　考查非谓语动词。结合句意可知,此处需用不定式表目的,故填To strengthen。
69.inviting　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,本句中the event为主语,included为谓语动词,故invite需用非谓语动词形式,由于其与逻辑主语构成主动关系,故用现在分词inviting。
70.its　考查代词。空后是名词短语first exhibition,故需要用形容词性物主代词修饰。
写作
第一节
We all know that cycling is a greatlygreat exercise.A doctor tells me people who liveslive the longest are dancers and cyclists.Maybe it is because∧of the combination of fresh air,smooth movement and exercise.WhetherWhen you ride a bicycle,you don?t use petrol.So theyyou are not producing carbon dioxide and not causecausing air pollution.Just see how cars have
been
taken over our cities.They often run at high speeds,whatwhich may put our lives in danger.And therewereare traffic jams,too.Our cities will be better places if we replace cars with bicyclebicycles.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍骑自行车带来的好处。
第一处:greatly→great　考查形容词。根据不定冠词a和后面的名词exercise可知,此处需要用形容词修饰。
第二处:lives→live　考查主谓一致。根据前面的先行词people和后面的dancers and cyclists都可以判定,此处定语从句的谓语动词需要用复数形式。
第三处:because后加of　考查介词。because后跟句子,而because of后跟名词或短语。根据后面的名词短语可知,应该用because of。
第四处:Whether→When　考查状语从句引导词。结合句意可知应该用When。whether意为“是否”。
第五处:they→you　考查代词。结合上一句内容可知,此处用第二人称形式进行描述,表示“你骑自行车的时候,你就不会产生二氧化碳和空气污染”。
第六处:cause→causing　考查并列结构。结合前面的not producing和and可知,此处应该采用相同的结构形式。
第七处:去掉been　考查动词语态。此处表示“汽车占据了我们的城市”,并非被动含义,故been删除。
第八处:what→which　考查定语从句。本句为非限制性定语从句,句中缺少主语,指物,故用which引导。
第九处:were→are　考查时态。根据上下文时态可知,本句应用一般现在时。故将were改为are。
第十处:bicycle→bicycles　考查名词复数。此处表示“用自行车代替汽车”,前面使用的是cars,故此处也应采用复数形式bicycles。
第二节
Learning English Beyond the Classroom
Recently a survey was carried out about English learning beyond the classroom.The following are the specific results.
As you can see,compared with the students who learn English by watching English movies,65 percent of the students learn English by listening to English songs.Most students find it easier to have access to a combination of audio and visual materials.Because they are much more enjoyable.18 percent of the students prefer reading English magazines or books.Meanwhile,12 percent of the students often surf English websites.Through various ways,students can deepen their understanding of English writing.
Personally speaking,as long as we can better grasp the knowledge of English,any method is referable.