2024版新教材高考英语全程一轮总复习Unit1Relationships学生用书北师大版选择性必修第一册

选择性必修第一册　UNIT 1　RELATIONSHIPS
【基础回顾】
►核心词汇——写其形
1．________________ adj. 感激的，感谢的
2．________________ adv. 极度，极其
3．________________ adj. 情感上的；情绪上的
4．________________ adj. 难以置信的；极好的
5．________________ vt. 主办；做……的东道主n. 主人；主持人
6．________________ adj. 中等教育；中级的；次要的
7．________________ adj. 外向的，好交际的
8．________________ adj. 热爱的，酷爱的；具有强烈信念的
9．________________ n. 幽默感

►阅读词汇——知其意
1．rocket n. ________________
2．socialise vi. ________________
3．triangle n. ________________
4．acid n. ________________
5．constantly adv. ________________
6．trait n. ________________
7．feedback n. ________________
8．onion n. ________________
9．laptop n. ________________
10．nephew n. ________________

►拓展词汇——通其变
1．emotion n．情感；情绪→________ adj.情感上的；情绪上的
2．occasion n．时刻→________adj.偶尔的→________ adv.偶尔；偶然
3．second adj.第二的→________ adj.中等教育；中级的；次要的
4．passion n．酷爱→________ adj.热爱的，酷爱的；具有强烈信念的
5．credit n．相信→________ adj.可信的→________ adj.难以置信的；极好的
6．humour n．幽默感→________ adj.幽默的
7．behave v．举动；表现→________ n．行为，举止
8．effect n．效应；影响→________ adj.有效的
9．practice n．&v．练习→________ adj.实际的；实践的；切实可行的→________ adj.不切实际的；不现实的
10．education n．教育→________ vt.教育→________ n．教育工作者，教师，教育家→________ n．教育(学)家

►高频短语——记得牢
1．________________ 初次，第一次
2．________________ 过去经常，曾经
3．________________ 对……担心
4．________________ 到目前为止，迄今为止
5．________________ 投入(倒)……于某物
6．________________ 社交网络
7．________________ 喋喋不休
8．take up ________________
9．a couple of ________________
10．associate with ________________
11．on behalf of sb. ________________
12．in contrast to ________________

►典型句式——懂其用
1．what引导名词性从句
If______________________ as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into such a successful adult, then I know what I'm doing is worthwhile.
作为老师如果我所做的可以帮助像格雷厄姆这样的孩子成长为如此成功的人，那么我知道我所做的是值得的。
2．if only引导的虚拟语气
Sometimes I think, if only ____________________________ him and ask for his opinion!
有时候我在想，如果能打电话征求他的意见就好了！
3．not all部分否定句
However, I have________ done as well with ________ my students as I have with Graham.
不过，并不是每一个学生我都能像教格雷厄姆那么成功。
4．现在分词短语作状语
...but as soon as I set up an experiment to show how the human stomach works ________acid and an onion, he gave me his full attention.
……但当我用酸和洋葱做一个展示人类的胃是如何运作的实验时，他全神贯注。
5．which非限制性定语从句
Teenagers want to be liked, to fit in and to be accepted，________________ peer pressure can be powerful and hard to resist.
青少年想要被喜欢，融入(群体)和被接受，这意味着同伴压力会很强大，难以抗拒。
6．状语从句的省略
________________________ or stressed, introverts look inside themselves for energy and motivation.
当感觉不好或有压力时，内向的人会从自己的内心寻找能量和动力。


【核心考点】
►第一版块|重点单词
1．grateful adj.感激的，感谢的
be grateful to sb. for sth. 因某事感谢某人
be grateful that... 感谢……
be grateful to do sth. 因做某事而心存感激
be grateful/thankful for small mercies 对微不足道的恩惠心存感激
◎单句语法填空
①He was grateful ________ (have) someone to talk to.
②He was very grateful ________ all that you did.
③If people offer their help or wisdom as you go through life, accept it ________ (grateful).
④I am grateful ________ you ________ your timely help.
⑤Be grateful ________ failure, because it enriches your experiences of life.
⑥I would be grateful ________ you could send it to me at an early date.
⑦When getting married, a couple kneel on the floor and pass the tea to their parents to express their ________ (grateful).

2．occasionally adv.偶尔，偶然
(1)occasion n. ……时候；时机；场合；理由
on occasion 间或；有时；偶尔
on this/that occasion 这/那次
on the occasion of... 在……之际；在……之时
(2)occasional adj. 偶尔的；临时的
an occasional chat 临时谈话
(3)occasionally adv. 偶尔，偶然
◎单句语法填空
①I saw Bob play the piano at John's party and ________ that occasion he was simply brilliant.
②It was the first occasion ________ they had both found it possible to reach an agreement.
③He was presented with a watch ________ the occasion of his retirement.
④I drink a cup of coffee ________ (occasional), but usually I take tea.
◎用occasion的正确形式填空
⑤We ________ meet for a drink after work.
⑥Our English teacher taught us French ________________．

3.pour vt.倒；注；灌　vi.(雨)倾盆而下；(水等)不断流出；(烟等)冒出；不断涌向/涌现
pour into/out of 涌入/涌出
pour out 毫无保留地表达感情(或思想等)；(感情或话语)奔涌，迸发
pour oil on the flames 使情况变得更糟；火上加油
pour oil on troubled water(s) 调解争端，平息风波等
pour sth. out 尽情表达出来
◎完成句子
①每年都有大量的游客涌入这座城市，这确实给当地人带来了不便。
Every year a large number of visitors ________________ this city, which indeed causes inconvenience to the local people.
②这位老人被深深震撼，尽管高傲，他也不得不吐露出自己的感情。
The old man had been deeply shaken and was forced to ________________ his feelings in spite of pride.
◎翻译句子
③Some chemical factories pour waste water into rivers for convenience, resulting in serious water pollution.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
④I lost my way in darkness and, to make things worse, it began to pour.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

4．lack vt.缺乏；没有　n．[U]缺乏；匮乏
a lack of... 缺乏……
for lack of... 由于缺乏……
no lack of... 不乏……
lacking adj. 缺乏的
be lacking in... 缺乏……
◎单句语法填空
①Though ________ (lack) experience, he was willing to work hard.
②For lack ________ money, the project had to be stopped.
③A number of areas have been seriously hit by the typhoon. Now people in the affected areas are lacking ________ food and fresh water.
④[2022·浙江6月改编]A ________ (lack) of trust can make people work against you rather than ________ you.
◎一句多译
他缺乏自信。
⑤He ________________________ confidence.
⑥He ________________________ confidence.

5.presentation n．报告；陈述，说明
(1)give a presentation of sth. (to sb.)
对某事(向某人)进行介绍
a presentation ceremony 颁奖仪式
payable on presentation 提交付款
cash on presentation of documents 交单付现
(2)present sth. to sb. 把某物送给某人
present sb. with sth. 授予某人某物
present sb. to sb. else 向某人介绍某人
(3)give sb. a present 给某人一件礼物
(4)at present 现在；目前
for the present 眼前，暂时
live in the present 活在当下
be present at... 出席……
be absent from... 缺席
present oneself 出席；到场
◎单句语法填空
①Guest speakers will also present prizes ________ the students.
②David's manager presented him ________ the award for best sales in the region.
③Tom is busy ________ present. Can he ring you later?
④The sales manager will give a ________ (present) on the new products.
◎翻译句子
⑤I don't think we should expand our business in the present economic climate.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
⑥The workers present immediately requested that he reconsider his decision.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

6．access n．(使用或见到的)机会，权利；通道；入口　vt.接近，进入；获取，访问(计算机文件)
(1)access a website through this link
通过这链接访问某个网站
access the building through the door
通过此门进入这座大楼
(2)have access to 有机会/权力进入/使用/见到……
gain/get access to 进入(某地)；见到(某人或某物)
the only access to the farmhouse
进入农舍的唯一通道
provide/give access to sb./sth.
接见某人；向……开放；给予……权利
(3)accessible adj. 易接近的；容易理解的；易相处的
be accessible to sb. 某人可接触……
◎单句语法填空
①There are some literary books that are ________ (access) to a general audience.
②The only access ________ the farmhouse is across the fields.
◎翻译句子
③Students must have access to good resources.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
④The loft can be accessible by a ladder.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

7.preference n．偏爱，偏好
preference n. [U，sing]喜爱，偏爱；[C，U]优惠，优待；[C]偏爱的事物，最喜爱的东西
have a preference for... 偏爱……
in preference to... 优先于……；而不是……
give (a) preference to... 给……以优惠；优待……
◎单句语法填空
①A combination of technology and tourism will be a future trend, given the ________ (prefer) of the younger consumers born in the 1990s and later.
②Prevention of a problem is always ________ (prefer) to trying to solve it.
◎用preference的相关短语完成句子
③Each of us is likely to develop a personal preference ________ certain types of entertainment.
④As for diet, Monica chooses vegetables and fruit ________________ any kinds of meat.
⑤For sustainable development, the government has decided to ________________ those energy­saving and environment­friendly businesses in many aspects.

8．raise vt.提出，提起；举起；使升高；增加；筹集；改善；引起；抚养
raise money/funds 筹钱/筹集资金
raise children 抚养孩子
raise cattle/corn 养牛/种植玉米
raise one's hand 举手
raise one's voice 提高音量
raise salaries 提高工资
raise a question 提出问题
raise hopes/awareness/consciousness 唤起希望/增强意识/提高觉悟
◎判断下列句子中raise的含义
①Farming produced more food per person than hunting and gathering, so people were able to raise more children.____________
②Earth Day, marked on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection.____________
③At the front of the supermarket, a charity group has set up a stand, selling cooked sausages to raise funds.____________
④Raise your hand if you know the right answer.____________
⑤Seeing me come in, she raised herself out of the chair and said hello.____________

9.demanding adj.要求严格的；费力的
demand n. 要求；需求
vt. 强烈要求；需要
vi. 查问
a demand for... 对……的要求
satisfy/meet one's demands 满足某人的要求
suit one's demands 符合某人的需求
in demand 需求量大；受欢迎的
demand to do sth. 要求做某事
demand from/of sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事
demand sth. of/from sb. 向某人要某物
demand that... 要求……(从句谓语用“should＋动词原形”形式，should可以省略)
◎单句语法填空
①She burst into the manager's office and demanded ________ (speak) to him.
②The workers demanded that their salaries ________ (raise).
③She demanded ________ (tell) everything about it.
④There have been demands ________ the prime minister to resign.
◎翻译句子
⑤乡村地区对有教学资历的教师的需求量很大。(in demand)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
⑥恐怕这种产品会供不应求。(meet one's demands)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

10．effective adj.有效的；产生预期效果的
(1)effectively adv. 有效地
(2)effect n. 效果；作用；影响
take effect 生效
have an effect on... 对……有影响
cause and effect 因果(关系)
side effect (药物、疗法的)副作用(常用复数)
come into effect 生效；开始实施
in effect＝in fact 实际上
◎单句语法填空
①[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷改编]The plan will bring many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase ________ (effective) and reduce inconsistencies in management.
②Both of the approaches are ________ (effect) and it's really a matter of personal preference as to which one to choose.
③This treatment, which was started by the medical community (医学界) as a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side ________ (effect).
④I can't balance my work and home duties ________ (effect).
◎翻译句子
⑤母亲的行为对成长中的孩子有深远的影响。(have an effect on)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
⑥交通法要到年底才生效。(take effect/come into effect)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

11．distracted adj.注意力分散的，思想不集中的，心烦意乱的
(1)distract vt. 转移(注意力)，分散(思想)，使分心
distract...(from...) 使……(对……)分心
distract one's attention 分散某人的注意力
(2)distracting adj. 令人分心的
distracting thoughts 令人分心的想法
a distracting noise 使人分心的嘈杂声
(3)distraction n. [C，U]分散注意力的事，使人分心的事
◎用distract的适当形式填空
①There are courses designed specifically for students about dealing with ________ and homesickness.
②For students, there is nothing like smartphones that get us ________ when we are trying to concentrate on study.
③Bright, open space exposes us to natural light and improves our moods, while messy space is ________ and destroys our focus.

12．reality n．[U]现实，实际情况；[C]事实，实际经历，见到的事物
(1)virtual reality 虚拟现实
in reality 事实上，实际上
escape from reality 逃避现实
turn sth. into reality 把……当成现实
face/accept reality 面对/接受现实
bring...back to reality 将……带回现实
become a reality＝come into reality 变成现实
(2)realise/realize v. 实现；意识到
realise (that)/who/what/how... 意识到……
◎单句语法填空
①He looked very confident and calm during the test, but ________ reality he was extremely nervous.
②In many countries today, laws protect wildlife. In India, the need for such protection ________ (realise) centuries ago.
③As the hours passed, people began to realise ________ difficult life was for the deaf.
④When the snacks and juice arrived, it did not take me long to realise ________ Kathy was not able to feed herself.
◎完成句子
⑤Personally speaking, ________ the grand blueprint ________________ (把……变成现实) is a long process.
⑥However, most of the things we fear in our minds never really seem to ______________________________ (实现).

13．aim vi.力求达到，力争做到　vt.目的是，旨在；针对，对象是　vt. &vi.瞄准，对准　n．[C]目标，目的；[U]瞄准
(1)aim at doing sth.＝aim to do sth. 力求做某事
aim at/for sth. 力争得到某物
(2)be aimed at (doing) sth. 旨在……，目的是……
be aimed at sb. 针对某人，对象是某人(主语一般是物)
(3)aim...at... 把……瞄准……
(4)achieve one's aim 实现某人的目标
with the aim of (＝for the purpose of)为了……
take aim at 瞄准；把目标对准
◎单句语法填空
①The coach, together with his players, was invited to the party held last Friday night, aimed at ________ (celebrate) their win in the match.
②After the smart hunter found the aim, he took aim ________ it immediately.
③The project was set up ________ the aim of helping young unemployed (失业的) people.
④We aim ________ (be) there around six. Then we can start our trip together.
⑤The app is aimed ________ young people from 20－30 years of age and helps them manage their money matters.

14．complain vi. &vt.抱怨；不满；发牢骚
complain about sth. 抱怨某事
complain to sb. 向某人抱怨
complain of... 抱怨……；诉说(病情或痛苦)
complain that... 抱怨……
◎单句语法填空
①The students began complaining ________ how cold it would be.
②The police received several ________ (complain) about the noise from our party.
③Betty ________ (complain) to Steve that Sara never gave her a chance to talk.
④Our next door neighbour said he would complain ________ the police if we made any more noise.

15.appointment n．[C]约定，约会　n．[C，U]任命，委任；[C]职位
arrange/have/make an appointment with sb. 与某人约会/约定
have/make an appointment to do... 约定做……
by appointment 根据(会面的)约定/预约
keep/cancel an appointment 赴约/取消预约
the appointment as/to be... 作为……的任命
◎单句语法填空
①Could it be possible to make an appointment ________ Mr Smith sometime next weekend?
②We've made ________ appointment with them to meet at the gate of the museum.
③I ________ (appoint) as head of the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) 20 years ago.
④I hope I shall get a teaching ________ (appoint) at the new school.
⑤They appointed him ________ director.
⑥They appointed him ________ (catch) all the rats.

16．invitation n．邀请
(1)at the invitation of sb. 应某人的邀请
a letter of invitation 邀请信
the invitation to sth./to do sth.
某事/做某事的邀请
(2)invite v. 邀请；请求；引诱
invite sb. to sth. (for sth.)
邀请某人(为某事)到……
invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
invite sth. from sb. 向某人请求某事
(3)inviting adj. 诱人的；吸引人的
◎单句语法填空
①They came to Washington ________ the invitation of the President.
②[2022·浙江1月]When the answer was no, she declined the ________ (invite).
③They were always dropping by, usually without ________ (invite).
④They've invited us ________ their country cottage for the weekend.
⑤There is an ________ (invite) smile on her face.

17．organise vt.组织，筹划；安排(活动)
(1)organise a meeting/a discussion 组织会议/讨论会
organise one's thoughts 整理思路
organise time to do/for sth. 安排时间做某事
organise sb. to do... 组织某人做……
(2)organisation n. [C]组织；团体；机构[U]组织工作；结构；体制；配置
(3)organiser n. 组织者
(4)organised adj. 有组织的；有条理的
◎单句语法填空
①He is the president of a large international ________ (organise).
②Isn't it time you started to get ________ (organise)?
◎完成句子
③谁来组织今年的聚会？
Who's going to ________________ this year?
④把思绪整理清楚再说话。
__________________ before you begin to speak.

18．competitor n．选手，参赛者
(1)compete v. 竞争
compete with/against 与……竞争
compete for sth. 争夺某物
compete in 在……方面竞争
(2)competition n. 竞争；比赛
in competition with 与……竞争
(3)competitive adj. 竞争的；有竞争力的
◎完成句子
①来自世界各地的一万多名参赛选手来到北京，为了奖牌在竞争激烈的比赛中相互竞争。
More than 10，000 ________ from the world came to Beijing to ________ with each other in the ________ games for medals.
②尽管他们是好朋友，但是他们在学习方面互相竞争。
Though they are good friends, they ________________ each other in study.
③几家公司正在竞争那份合同。
Several companies are ________________ the contract.

19.engagement n．参与；约定；订婚
(1)go to sb.'s engagement party 去参加某人订婚宴会
have an engagement/appointment with sb. 与某人有预约
(2)engage v. 参加；吸引；雇用
engage in sth. 参加
engage sb. to sb. else 把某人许给另一人/使某人与另一人订婚
engage sb. to be here at 6：00 约某人6点钟到这儿
engage sb. in sth. (使)从事，参加
engage with sb./sth. 与某人/某物建立密切关系
◎单句语法填空
①Even in prison, he continued to engage ________ criminal activities.
②She has broken off her ________ (engage) to Charles.
③They are ________ (engage) in talks with the government.
④The couple got ________ (engage) on Christmas Day 2013 after dating for more than two years.
⑤The woman who is engaged ________ my brother is very pretty.

20．behaviour n. [U]举止；行为
(1)behave well/badly 举止有/没礼貌
behave oneself 守规矩；表现得体
(2)
(3)mind one's behaviour 注意某人的举止
◎单句语法填空
①If parents do not teach their child how to behave ________ (he), he will do anything at will.
②I think all of us should mind our ________ (behave) in public places.
③They behaved badly ________ the guests, which made us disappointed.
◎完成句子
④The parents asked the children to ________________ (举止礼貌) in front of the guests.

►第二版块|重点短语
1．hold up举起；支撑
hold on 等着；坚持住；(电话用语)别挂断
hold back 阻碍；踌躇，犹豫；克制；隐瞒
hold out 伸出；坚持；抵抗
hold off (雨或风暴)不开始；推迟；抵挡住
hold on to 紧紧抓住
◎完成句子
①雨还好，等我们用完野餐才下起来。
The rain ________________________ just long enough for us to have our picnic.
②我们对这些攻击能抵抗多久？
How long can we ________________________ against these attacks?
③她踌躇着，不知如何说出这一可怕的消息。
She ________________________， not knowing how to break the terrible news.
④他紧紧抓住岩石以免自己往下滑。
He ________________________ to stop himself slipping.
⑤他惊讶地举起了手。
He ________________________ in surprise.

2．lean on依赖；依靠
lean back 往后仰
lean forward 前倾
lean sth. out 探出
◎完成句子
①自己做，不要依赖别人的支持。
Do it yourself, and do not ________________________ for support.
②把头伸出去一下，看看是不是在下雨。
________________________ for a moment and see if it's raining.
③请不要坐在椅子上往后仰，你会把椅子弄坏的。
Please don't ________________________； you'll break it.
④他向前倾着身子并拍我的肩膀。
He ________________________ and patted me on the shoulder.

3．stand by袖手旁观；做好准备；帮助；支持
stand out 出色，杰出；显眼，突出
stand up to 抵抗，勇敢反对
stand for 代表；主张；容忍
◎完成句子
①如果我们知道那些都代表的是什么，它就会更容易理解了。
It'll be even easier to follow if we know what all of those ________________________．
②当数百万人挨饿时，我们不能袖手旁观。
We can't ________________________ while millions of people starve.
③不要害怕困难，要有信心克服困难，你就会成功。
Don't be afraid of difficulties; ______________________________________ them with confidence and you'll succeed.
④无论干什么事，他都干得很出色。
He ________________________ in everything he does.

4．in times of根据……，就……而言
at a time 逐一，一次
all the time 一直
from time to time 有时，不时
for the time being 暂时
at the same time 同时
at one time 一度，曾经
ahead of time 提前
in no time 立刻，马上
have a good time 玩得很愉快
◎单句语法填空
①Let's meet for lunch. I'll call you ahead ________ time to fix up exactly when and where.
②I'm sorry, but I'm too busy to help you now—I can only do one thing at ________ time.
③I believe that my English will have a great improvement ________ no time.
④Her daughters visited him ________ time to time when he was ill.
⑤I got a new job this year where I am on the go all ________ time.
⑥They are going to have ________ good time in summer holidays.
⑦It seemed like a good idea at ________ time.
⑧Leave the ironing ________ the time being—I'll do it later.

5．add up to合计达；总计达(不用于被动语态)
(1)add...to... 把……加到/加进……里
add to 增加；扩大
add that... 补充说……
add up 合乎情理；把……加起来
(2)in addition (to sb./sth.) 除……以外(还)；另外
(3)additional adj. 额外的，附加的
◎单句语法填空
①Working out in the morning provides ________ (add) benefits beyond being physically fit.
◎完成句子
②Our café offers a complete menu of lunch and snack options, ________________ (除……以外还) seasonal specials.
③Police said they arrested Olivia because her statements did not ______________________ (合乎情理).
④________________ (把……加起来) all the expenses and you'll find that you cannot afford the trip.
⑤众所周知，好朋友会给生活添加快乐，使生活更有意义。
As is known to all, good friends ________________________ life.

6．set off出发，动身；使爆炸/引爆；(事业等)腾飞
set about sth./doing sth. [不用于被动语态]开始做；着手做
set sth. aside 将某事物放在一边；(为某目的)省出或留出(钱或时间)
set sth. down 记下；写下
set out 出发
set to 起劲地干起来
set sth. up 创建，开办；安排，策划
◎单句语法填空
①He was only found because he set ________ some fireworks to attract attention to himself.
②We need to set ________ a meeting to discuss the proposals.
③He is setting ________ his memories of village life.
④Remove the mushrooms and set them ________．
⑤She set ________ with the aim of becoming the youngest ever winner of the championship.
⑥It has set us ________ in so many respects that I'm not sure how long it will take for us to catch up.
⑦We set ________ preparing for the party one week ago.

7．depend on取决于，由……决定；依靠，依赖；指望
depend on sb./sth. for sth. 靠某人/某事提供某物
depend on sb. to do sth.＝depend on sb./sb.'s doing sth. 依靠/指望某人做某事
depend on it that... 相信/指望……(it为形式宾语)
You can't depend on them to do it.
你不能依靠他们做这件事。
Can I depend on it that this won't happen again？我能相信这事不会再发生吗？
If our parents do everything for us, we won't learn to depend on ourselves.
如果父母替我们做所有的事情，我们就学不会独立。
◎单句语法填空
①Success depends fundamentally ________ our view of ourselves and of the events in our lives.
②Nowadays many people depend on the Internet ________ the information they need.
◎完成句子
③—David, when will you pay a visit to California?
—I can't decide at present. ________________________ (那得看情况而定).
④—The weather turns out to be fine.
—We can ______________________________ (相信货物将按时运到洪灾地区).

8.in other words换句话说，也就是说
in other words意为“换句话说，也就是说”。同义表达有：namely, that is (to say), to put it differently。
word构成的其他搭配：
in a word 总之，简言之
word for word 逐字地，一字不差地
have words with sb. 与某人争吵
have a word with sb. 和某人谈谈
keep one's word 遵守诺言
break one's word 食言
eat one's words 收回前言，承认错误
Word came that... 有消息说(word在此作“消息”讲，其前无冠词)
Joe always keeps his word; in other words, he never breaks his word. In addition, he's outgoing and easy­going. When free, he'd like to have a word with people face to face, and never has words with others. In a word, all of his friends like him as he can get on well with everyone around him.乔总是信守诺言，换句话说，他从不食言。另外，他是一个外向、随和的人。有空的时候，他喜欢和人面对面地交谈，从来不和别人吵架。总之，他所有的朋友都喜欢他，因为他能和他周围的每个人都相处得很好。
◎用word的相关搭配完成句子
①总之，我对你的工作很满意。
________________________， I'm very satisfied with your work.
②我很快就发现我正在做的工作，别人早就做过了。换句话说，我在浪费自己的时间。
I soon found that the work I was doing had already been done by someone else. ________________， I was wasting my time.
③她一字不差地把他们的谈话向我复述了一遍。
She repeated their conversation __________________________ to me.
④我们一旦食言，就不会再有人相信我们了。
Once we ________________， nobody will trust us again.
⑤有消息说这次短途旅行要推迟了。
________________ the outing would be put off.

9．to be honest说实话，老实说
to be honest意为“说实话，老实说”，常作插入语，相当于honestly speaking, to tell (you) the truth；通常置于句首，并且用逗号与后面的内容隔开。
(1)honest adj. 诚实的，老实的；坦率的，坦诚的
be honest with sb. 对某人坦诚
be honest about sth. 对某事坦率
It is honest of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事是正直的
(2)(反)dishonest adj. 不诚实的，骗人的
(3)honesty n. [U]诚实，正直
(4)honestly adv. 诚实地，正当地；确实
To be honest, I don't like his way of speaking to others.说实话，我不喜欢他跟别人说话的方式。
To be honest, everyone makes mistakes when learning to speak a foreign language.
说实话，每个人学说一门外语时都会犯错误。
[基础练习]单句语法填空
①I think people should always be honest ________ each other so that they can trust each other.
②—What made the young man stand out among the applicants?
—His ability, determination and above all, ________ (honest).
◎翻译句子
③说实话，我最欣赏的是你工作努力。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

10．deadline for...……的最后期限
meet the deadline 赶上最后期限；按期完成
miss the deadline 错过最后期限
set a deadline 设定一个最后期限
◎完成句子
①寄申请书的截止日期是下星期。
Next week is ________________ sending in applications.
②恐怕你已错过了截止日期，因此你的申请将不在考虑范围之内。
I'm afraid you've ________________， so your application cannot be considered.
③我建议我们设定出一个交计划的最后期限。
I suggest that we should ________________ handing in the plans.
④如果我们无法按期完成，他们就不会给我们另一份合同。
If we can't ________________， they won't give us another contract.

11．bend one's mind to sth.专心致志于某事
bend (sb.) to sth. (迫使某人)屈服，顺从
bend to sb.'s will 顺从某人的意志
bend sb. to one's will 使某人顺从
be bend on sth. 决心采取(某行动)；一心想做
bend oneself to sth. 专心致志于……
bend over (down) 弯腰(俯身)
◎完成句子
①他不能专心于学习。
He couldn't ____________________________．
②他决心不惜一切去争取胜利。
He ______________________ at all costs.
③无论这个国家多么弱小，它绝不会屈服于比它大的强国。
However weak the nation may be, it will never ______________________ a greater power.

12．take up占用(时间)；占据(空间)；对某事产生兴趣；开始从事
I know how busy you are and I wouldn't want to take up too much of your time.
我知道你有多忙，并且我不想占用你太多时间。
take back 收回；退回
take down 拿下；取下；记录；写下
take in 收留；吸入；理解；领会；欺骗
take off 脱下(衣服)；摘掉；(飞机等)起飞；突然开始成功；休假；休息
◎单句语法填空
①You need a break. Why not take a fortnight ________ from work?
②Peter will take ________ his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.
③Don't be taken ________ by his story; he is a liar.
④It was several minutes before I could take ________ what he was saying.
⑤A good deal of time is taken ________ with driving the children to piano classes.


►第三版块|典型句式
1．“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构
[教材原句]But Mr Jenkins made everything interesting.但詹金斯先生让一切变得有趣起来。
[句式分析]“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构
在此结构中可用作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、不带to的动词不定式、过去分词等。
(1)make sb. do sth.使某人做某事
(2)make sb./sth.＋形容词　使某人/某事处于某种状态
(3)make sb./sth.＋名词　使某人/某物成为……；让某人/某物担当某职务
(4)make sb./sth.＋过去分词　使某人/某物被……(宾语和宾语补足语之间是逻辑上的被动关系)
Aunt Wang tried to make us stay for supper.
王阿姨试图留我们吃晚饭。
The news made him very happy.
这消息使他非常高兴。
We made him chairman of our English Speaking Society.我们选他当我们英语会话社的主席。
He raised his voice in order to make himself understood.他提高嗓门，以便大家能听懂他的话。
[基础练习]完成句子
①她让他做她的秘书。
She ________________________．
②我的老师认为我优秀，学习好，这使我更自信了。
My teacher thinks I am excellent and I can do well in my study, which ______________________________________．
③他的话让我们都大笑起来。
What he said ____________________________．
[能力提升]单句语法填空
④The boss made his workers ________ (work) from morning till night.
⑤Can I make myself ________ (hear) in such a voice?
⑥She made a balanced diet to make the family ________ (health).

2.介词后的宾语从句
[教材原句]Often when I'm preparing a programme, I think about how Mr Jenkins would have done it.在准备项目时，我常会想如果是詹金斯先生，他会怎么做。
[句式分析]宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语成分，它可以在介词后充当宾语。
Everything depends on whether we have enough experience.
一切(都)取决于我们是否有足够的经验。
She always thinks of how she can work well.
她总是在想怎样把工作做好。
[基础练习]单句语法填空
①His speech is so confusing that it's difficult to make out ________ he is trying to express.
②This still leaves the question of ________ local public services should be improved in the next five years.
③The 5G cellphone must be of great use and convenience to ________ wants to get information through the Internet quickly.
④I shall see to it ________ he is taken good care of when you are absent.
⑤Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on ________ could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.

3．time后接定语从句的用法
[教材原句]That was really the first time I tried to explain science to an audience and now it's my job！那真的是我第一次尝试向观众讲解科学知识，现在这成了我的工作！
[句式分析]当time表示“次数”时，用关系词that引导定语从句，that可省略；当time表示“一段时间”时，用关系副词when或at/during which引导定语从句。
This is the second time that the nice young man invited me out for dinner!
这是那位好心的年轻人第二次请我出去吃晚餐！
There was a time when buildings in this city were almost of the same height.
曾经有段时间，这座城市的建筑物几乎都是一样高的。
[特别注意]the first time常用于句型it is/was the first time that sb. has/had done sth.，意为“那是某人第一次做某事”。如果主句谓语动词为is，从句用现在完成时；主句谓语动词为was，从句则用过去完成时。
It is first time since 1976 that an asteroid has come so close to Earth.
这是自1976年以来第一次有小行星如此近距离地接近地球。
It was the first timethat they had chatted with their parents like friends.
那是他们第一次和父母像朋友一样聊天。
[基础练习]单句语法填空
①I still remember the first time ________ we met in school.
②He thought of the happy time ________ he lived with his parents in that mountain village.
③It is the first time that I ________ (speak) to a foreigner.
④It was the first time that I ________ (see) the professor himself.

4．“使役动词/感官动词＋宾语＋现在分词”复合结构
[教材原句]Once I caught him and his friends seeing who could jump the farthest off the school stage！有一次我撞见他和几个朋友比赛，看谁能从学校的舞台上跳得最远。
[句式分析]现在分词作宾语补足语，对宾语起到补充说明的作用，通常强调动作是主动发生或正在进行的。常用现在分词作宾语补足语的动词有以下两种：
(1)使役动词：catch, have, set, keep, get, leave＋sb./sth.＋doing sth.。
(2)表示感官、感觉或心理状态的动词：see, watch, look at, notice, observe, hear, listen to, feel, smell＋sb./sth.＋doing sth.。
It's not difficult to get him talking—the problem is how to stop him.
让他开口讲话并不难，问题是如何阻止他。
Never leave children playing near water by themselves.不要让孩子们独自在水边玩耍。
I noticed a boy sliding into the teachers' office.
我注意到一个男孩偷偷溜进了教师办公室。
When I passed by Class 2, I saw Kate standing in the front of the classroom.
当我经过二班的时候，我看见凯特站在教室前面。
[基础练习]单句语法填空
①What he said set me ________ (think).
②Don't have the machine ________ (work) all night; it may go wrong.
③When I watched the couple ________ (quarrel), I got a text message from their daughter.
④I will get my car ________ (repair) this Sunday.
⑤The lost girl was last seen ________ (play) near the woods.
⑥Suddenly, we heard someone ________ (knock) at the door.
⑦I am sorry to have kept you ________ (wait) for so long.
⑧I caught a boy ________ (cheat) in the English exam yesterday.

5．部分否定
[教材原句]However, I have not done as well with all my students as I have with Graham.
不过，并不是每一个学生我都能教得像格雷厄姆那么成功。
[句式分析]某些表示全部含义的代词、副词以及某些表示全部含义的形容词所修饰的名词词组与not连用时表示部分否定，代词如all, both；形容词如whole, every等所修饰的名词词组，包括every所构成的复合代词；副词如altogether, always, entirely, wholly, quite等。
Not all the people present at the meeting agree with you.
不是所有出席会议的人都支持你。
All men here are not honest.
这儿的人并非都诚实。
Both of the sisters are not here./Not both of the sisters are here.
并非两姐妹都在这里。
[基础练习]同义句转换
①Not all the ants go out for food.
→All the ants ________ for food.
②Not every book is educative.
→Every book is ________．
[能力提升]一句多译
不是所有的学生都支持这个规章制度。
③________________________________________________________________________
④________________________________________________________________________
他的两个姐姐并非都同意他的提议。
⑤________________________________________________________________________
⑥________________________________________________________________________

6．It is/was＋adj.＋(for/of sb.) to do sth.
[教材原句]I think it's important to understand that there's no such thing as a good or a bad student.我认为重要的是要知道没有所谓的好学生或者坏学生。
[句式分析]该句型是It作形式主语的一个句型。如果不定式的逻辑主语是for引出的，句中的形容词通常是表示重要性、紧迫性、频繁程度、难易、安全等情况的形容词。常见的此类形容词有important, necessary, common, normal, natural, hard, difficult, easy, safe, dangerous, impossible, pleasant等。
如果不定式的逻辑主语是of引出的，常用的形容词多为形容逻辑主语品质、特性的词，如clever, wise, bright, silly, foolish, stupid, kind, cruel, right, wrong等。
It is impossible for us to finish the work on time.我们不可能按时完成这项工作。
It is important for her to come to the party.来参加这个聚会对她来说很重要。
It is kind of you to help me.你能帮助我真是太好了。
[基础练习]单句语法填空
①It is impossible ________ (concentrate) if you are tense or nervous.
②________ is necessary to learn a foreign language.
③It is highly necessary ________ our government to stop the official corruption.
④Is ________ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?
⑤It is kind ________ you to say so.

7.what引导的主语从句
[教材原句]If what I do as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into such a successful adult, then I know what I'm doing is worthwhile.作为老师如果可以帮助像格雷厄姆这样的孩子成长为如此成功的人，那么我知道我所做的事情是值得的。
[句式分析]在what引导的主语从句中，what在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语等，从句用陈述语序。
What she saw frightened her.她看到的东西吓了她一跳。(what在从句中作宾语)
It is only with the heart that one can see rightly; what is essential is invisible to the eyes.
一个人只有用心去看，才能看清事实真相。事情的本质只用眼睛是看不到的。(what在从句中作主语)
What struck me was that they had all suffered a lot.
让我震惊的是他们都受过很多苦。(what在从句中作主语)
[名师点拨]
what在从句中作主语时，主句谓语由what从句谓语决定
what在从句中作宾语，主句谓语由主句表语(宾语)决定
[基础练习]单句语法填空
①________ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.
②________ has caused great confusion is how he made it without anyone else's help.
③________ we used to see as something impossible is now becoming a reality.
④________ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.

8．wish后宾语从句中的虚拟语气
[教材原句]I really wish she could be less direct and more encouraging.我真希望她能不那么直接并且多一些鼓励。
[句式分析]wish后宾语从句用虚拟语气表示一种虚拟愿望。其形式如下：

类型
从句谓语动词形式
与过去事实相反
had＋过去分词
与现在事实相反
过去式(be动词用were)
与将来事实相反
would/could＋动词原形
I wish I were an astronaut travelling in space in Shenzhou X．我希望我是一名宇航员，乘坐“神舟十号”漫游太空。
I wish I were a fish swimming in the sea.
我希望我是一条在海里游的鱼。
I wish she had survived the plane crash.
要是她从那一场空难中幸存了下来该多好。
I wish you could give me a hand at such a busy moment.
我现在忙得不可开交，希望你能帮我一下。
I wish I had seen her last night.
要是我昨天晚上见到她了该多好。
[基础练习]单句语法填空
①What a sunny day! How I wish I ________ (be) on the beach enjoying the sunshine now!
②I wish I ________ (be) at my sister's wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.
③I wish I ________ (study) photography then. If so, I could give you a hand at present.
④There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I ________ (have) a second chance to become more involved.
⑤David didn't attend his daughter's graduation ceremony, but he does wish he ________ (be) there.

9.动词不定式(短语)作后置定语
[教材原句]It also gives us an opportunity to raise further questions about anything we don't understand.这也让我们有机会对我们不理解的事情进一步提问。
[句式分析]
(1)当名词前有the only, the next, the last或序数词时，后置定语中的动词须用动词不定式。
(2)当名词前有形容词最高级时，后置定语中的动词也须用动词不定式to do的形式。
(3)被修饰词是抽象名词时，常用不定式作定语。常见的该类名词有ability, chance, idea, hope, wish, excuse, promise, attempt, way等。
I am always the last one to leave the company after work.
下班后，我总是最后一个离开公司的人。
I think he is the best man to do the job.
我认为他是最适合做这份工作的人。
The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself.
表达观点的能力与观点本身同样重要。
[基础练习]单句语法填空
①Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans ________ (retire) from her 36­year­old business.
②I am particularly into basketball because it presents an effective way ________ (strengthen) my body and mind.
③Meyer and his team were the first people ________ (show) how the disease spreads from animals to human.
④Volunteering gives you a chance ________ (change) lives, including your own.
⑤There is always a lot of work ________ (do) on weekdays.
⑥His second book ________ (publish) next month is believed to be a hit.
⑦The project ________ (set) up in 1989 result in farmers replacing their crops with trees or grass.
⑧The building ________ (repair) now is our school library, one ________ (build) in 1980.


10．“否定词＋比较级”表示最高含义
[教材原句]But he's also never felt more alone.但他却也从未感到如此孤独。
[句式分析]该结构的具体用法如下：
(1)构成：否定词＋形容词或副词的比较级(＋than)
(2)常用的否定词：nothing, no, not, never, hardly, nobody
(3)含义：再没有比……更……，再……不过了
Nothing gives me more pleasure than listening to Mozart.
再没有比听莫扎特的乐曲更让我愉快的事了。
In my opinion, no experience is more valuable than that gained with one's own sweat.
在我看来，没有什么经验比自己用汗水得来的经验更宝贵。
Jennie always keeps the room clean and tidy. I really couldn't find a better roommate than her.珍妮总是把房间收拾得很整洁。我确实找不到比她更好的室友了。
The scenery in Mount Huang is splendid! I have never seen a prettier view.
黄山的风景真是太美了！这是我看过的最美丽的景色。
[基础练习]翻译句子
①我们决定接受他的建议，因为没有人能提出更好的解决办法了。
________________________________________________________________________
②城里没有比这座塔更古老的建筑了。
________________________________________________________________________
[能力提升]一句多译
　这个故事比这本书里的其他故事都有趣。
③________________________________________________________________________
④________________________________________________________________________
⑤________________________________________________________________________

11.并列谓语
[教材原句]As soon as I open my eyes in the morning, I check through all my social networking apps, read my emails andanswer text messages.早上一睁开眼，我就会立刻查看我所有的社交网络应用程序，阅读电子邮件并回复短信。
[句式分析]当主语同时或先后执行两种及以上的动作时，没有必要多次重复主语，所以形成几个动词连用的句式结构，这些动词均作谓语，而且时态和数的变化要与主语人称保持一致，这些连用的动词称为并列谓语。
特点：几个谓语动词时态一致，会有承前省略现象(后面的动词可以省去与前面重复的情态动词、助动词或be动词，或省去不定式符号to等)，并且通常在倒数第一个和倒数第二个动词之间加连词(通常是and)。
He would listen to my heart, hold my wrist to feel my pulse, and take my temperature.
他会听我的心跳，抓住我的手腕来感受我的脉搏，并量我的体温。
She took her son, ran out of the house, put him in the car and drove quickly to the nearest hospital.她带上她的儿子，跑出房子，把他放进车里，然后迅速开车去了最近的医院。
[基础练习]单句语法填空
①At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, ________ (live) in a small apartment and wondering what to do about his future.
②She got up, ________ (dress) herself in a hurry and then went downstairs for breakfast.
③A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, ________ (kill) all four people on board.
④I got out of the taxi, ________ (pay) the fare and rushed into the station.
⑤At last, we arrived at a pleasant park with trees providing shade and ________ (sit) to eat our picnic lunch.
⑥The news shocked the public, ________ (lead) to great concern about students' safety at school.

12．(1)“分数/百分数＋of＋名词”作主语的主谓一致问题　(2)than引导比较状语从句
[教材原句]According to research, over two­thirds of young people find it easier to make friends online than it is “in real life”．研究显示，超过三分之二的年轻人认为在网上交朋友比“在现实生活中”交朋友更容易。
[句式分析]
(1)“分数/百分数＋of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词常与of后的名词保持数的一致。
“some of/plenty of/most of/the rest of/all of/half of/...＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式也由of后面的名词的单复数决定。
(2)than引导比较状语从句
①than用于不同级比较：“形容词/副词比较级＋than”或more...than...表示“比……更……”，less...than...表示“不比……更……”。
②同级比较：as...as...，not so/as...as...。注意as...as...之间用形容词或副词的原级。
③其他比较形式的表达
“the＋比较级……，the＋比较级……”，意为“越……越……”。
One fourth of the audience think the film is worth seeing a second time.
四分之一的观众认为这部影片值得再看一次。
One third of the students in our class are in favour of the trip to the mountains.
我们班三分之一的学生赞成去山里旅游。
80% of the furniture in this house is from the same company.
这座房子里80%的家具都来自同一家公司。
Most of her spare time is spent learning cooking.
她大部分的空闲时间都花在学习烹饪上了。
Some of the guests have left and the rest of them are staying here for night.
一些客人走了，剩下的将在这里过夜。
Contrast may make something appear more beautiful than it is when seen alone.
对比可以使事物看起来比其单独看起来更美。
He has got no less presents than I did last time.
他收到的礼品不比我上次收到的少。(no less...than不亚于，至少和……一样)
He doesn't earn as much as I do.
他挣的钱不如我多。
The more you study, the more knowledge you can get.你学得越多，你的知识就越丰富。
[基础练习]单句语法填空
①Two ________ (five) of the land in that country ________ (be) covered with trees and grass now.
②It's been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries ________ (be) using emojis at work.
③The growing of a plant is influenced by a lot of factors, most of which ________ beyond our control.
④More than 80 percent of the young people in this village ________ (go) to big cities to find a job so far.
⑤He doesn't run ________ fast ________ Jack does.
⑥James enjoys the theatre more ________ Susan does.
[能力提升]翻译句子
⑦你看上去比实际要年轻。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
⑧那件事情不像听起来那么简单。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
⑨他解释得越多我越困惑。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

13．before引导时间状语从句
[教材原句]Before I know it, it's 9：30 pm and I still haven't moved an inch from the sofa.
不知不觉已经是晚上9：30了，我还在沙发上坐着一动没动。
[句式分析]
before引导时间状语从句的常用句式：
before引导时间状语从句时，一般译为“在……之前”，before sb. know/knows/knew it通常译为“转眼之间；不知不觉”。其他常用句式有：
(1)“It will be/was＋一段时间＋before从句”意为“要过多久才……/过了多久才……”。
(2)“It won't be/wasn't＋一段时间＋before从句”表示“过不了多久就……/没过多久就……”。
It will be three weeks before we graduate from high school.还有三周我们就高中毕业了。
It won't be long before we witness more progress in technical field.
过不了多久我们就能见证技术领域的更多进步。
[基础练习]单句语法填空
①It will not be long ________ you regret what you have done before.
②I saw her a few days ________ she died.
[能力提升]翻译句子
③在我们不知不觉间已经过去一个小时了。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
④过不了多久妈妈就要从国外回来了，这让全家人都很高兴。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

【跟踪演练】　　
Ⅰ.短语汉译英
1．进进出出，时进时出 ________________
2．在……的时刻 ________________
3．袖手旁观；做好准备；帮助；支持________________
4．依赖，依靠 ________________
5．举起，支撑 ________________
6．一系列 ________________
7．幽默感 ________________
8．与……亲近 ________________
9．用完，耗尽 ________________
10．抛锚 ________________
11．破门而入 ________________
12．可以进入 ________________
13．确保 ________________
14．竖立；建立，创立 ________________
15．撞见某人在做某事 ________________
16．过去经常，曾经 ________________
17．一双，一对 ________________
18．作报告 ________________
19．缺乏自信 ________________
20．出发；使爆炸；动身 ________________
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Anyone caught ________ (throw) waste paper on the ground will be punished.
2．The soldier said it was worthwhile ________ (give) up his rest time to save more people caught in the earthquake.
3．The Chinese people traditionally set ________ firecrackers during the Spring Festival, in the belief that this helps scare off the monster named Nian and brings good fortune.
4．After that I poured oil ________ a pan and turned on the stove.
5．Marry used to ________ (eat) out every day, but now she is used to ________ (cook) at home.
6．I feel ashamed ________ the remarks I made the other day.
7．A good teacher should develop the students' ability to think independently so that they won't depend ________ others for everything.
8．The supermarket offers various goods to choose from, so more and more people prefer ________ (shop) there.
9．I didn't intend ________ (buy) the products intended ________ young people.
10．It really upset Tracey when her mother showed a preference ________ her sister.
Ⅲ.单句写作
1．我虽然有如此多朋友，但在内心深处还是惧怕寂寞。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．我没有透露我的名字，因为如果我这么做的话，我想你可能就不会来了。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3．但有一个问题是很少有人能长期坚持节食。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4．认为她在说谎完全没有道理。
________________________________________________________________________
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5．我认为尽可能多地说英语是学习英语的最好方法。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
6．我同意你的看法，但是如果我们想要彻底解决垃圾问题，我们应该在日常生活中采取具体措施。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
7．我能够理解为什么宇航员发现重新适应地球上的生活不容易。
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8．你是唯一有责任保护你自己的人。
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选择性必修第一册

UNIT 1　RELATIONSHIPS
基础回顾·自主排查区
核心词汇
1．grateful　2.extremely　3.emotional　4.incredible　5.host
6．secondary　7.outgoing　8.passionate　9.humour
阅读词汇
1．火箭　2.交友；交际；交往　3.三角形　4.酸
5．持续不断地　6.特性，品质　7.反馈意见　8.洋葱
9．笔记本电脑，便携式电脑　10.侄子，外甥
拓展词汇
1．emotional　2.occasional　occasionally　3.secondary
4．passionate　5.credible　incredible　6.humourous
7．behaviour　8.effective　9.practical　impractical
10．educate　educator　educationalist
高频短语
1．for the first time　2.used to　3.obsess over　4.so far
5．pour into　6.social networking　7.chatter away　8.占据
9．一双，一对　10.与某人交往　11.代表某人　12.和……对比
典型句式
1．what I do　2.I could call　3.not　all　4.using　5.which means　6.When feeling bad
核心考点·互动探究区
第一版块|重点单词
1．①to have　②for　③gratefully　④to　for　⑤for　⑥if　⑦gratitude
2．①on　②when　③on　④occasionally　⑤occasionally　⑥occasionally
3．①pour into　②pour out　③一些化工厂为了方便，将废水排入河流，造成了严重的水污染。　④我在黑暗中迷了路，更糟糕的是，下起了倾盆大雨。
4．①lacking　②of　③in　④lack　for　⑤lacks　⑥is lacking in
5．①to　②with　③at　④presentation　⑤我认为在当前的经济环境下，我们不应该扩展业务。　⑥在场的工人立即要求他重新考虑他的决定。
6．①accessible　②to　③学生必须有机会使用好的资源。
④搭梯子可以进入阁楼。
7．①preference(s)　②preferable　③for　④in preference to
⑤give (a) preference to
8．①抚养　②提高　③筹募　④举起　⑤(使)直立
9．①to speak　②be raised　③to be told　④for　⑤Qualified teachers are in great demand in rural areas.　⑥I'm afraid that the supply of this product can hardly meet the customers' demands.
10．①effectiveness　②effective　③effects　④effectively　⑤Mother's behaviour has a profound effect on their growing children.　⑥The traffic laws won't take effect/come into effect until the end of the year.
11．①distraction(s)　②distracted　③distracting
12．①in　②was realised　③how　④that　⑤turning　
into reality　⑥come into reality
13．①celebrating　②at　③with　④to be　⑤at
14．①about/of　②complaints　③complained　④to
15．①with　②an　③was appointed　④appointment　⑤as　⑥to catch
16．①at　②invitation　③invitation/being invited　④to　⑤inviting
17．①organisation/organization　②organised/organized
③organise/organize the party　④Organise/Organize your thoughts/ideas
18．①competitors　compete　competitive　②compete with/against　③competing for
19．①in　②engagement　③engaged　④engaged　⑤to
20．①himself　②behaviour　③towards　④behave well
第二版块|重点短语
1．①held off　②hold out　③held back　④held on to the rock
⑤held up his hand
2．①lean on others　②Lean your head out　③lean back in your chair　④leaned forward
3．①stand for　②stand by　③stand up to　④stands out
4．①of　②a　③in　④from　⑤the　⑥a　⑦one　⑧for
5．①additional　②in addition to　③add up　④Add up
⑤add happiness and value to
6．①off　②up　③down　④aside　⑤out　⑥back　⑦about
7．①on/upon　②for　③That/It (all) depends.　④depend on/upon it that the goods will be shipped to the flooded area on time
8．①In a word　②In other words　③word for word　④break our word　⑤Word came that
9．①with　②honesty　③To be honest/Honestly speaking/To tell (you) the truth, what I admire most is your working hard.
10．①the deadline for　②missed the deadline　③set a deadline for　④meet the deadline
11．①bend his mind to his studies　②is bent on winning
③bend to
12．①off　②up　③in　④in　⑤up
第三版块|典型句式
1．①made him her secretary　②makes me more confident
③made all of us laugh　④work　⑤heard　⑥healthy
2．①what　②whether/how　③whoever　④that　⑤what
3．①that　②when　③have spoken　④had seen
4．①thinking　②working　③quarreling　④repaired
⑤playing　⑥knocking　⑦waiting　⑧cheating
5．①don't go out　②not educative　③Not all the students are for the rule.　④All the students are not for the rule.
⑤Both (of) his sisters don't agree to his suggestion.
⑥Not both of his sisters agree to his suggestion.
6．①to concentrate　②It　③for　④it　⑤of
7．①What　②What　③What　④What
8．①were　②had been　③had studied　④had/could have　⑤had been
9．①to retire　②to strengthen　③to show　④to change
⑤to do/to be done　⑥to be published　⑦set　⑧being repaired　built
10．①We decided to take his suggestion because nobody could offer a better solution.　②There is no older building than this tower in the city.　③This story is more interesting than any other story in the book.　④This story is more interesting than all the others in the book.　⑤No stories in the book are more interesting than this one.
11．①living　②dressed　③killing　④paid　⑤sat　⑥leading
12．①fifths　is　②are　③are　④have gone　⑤so/as　as　⑥than　⑦You look younger than you really are.
⑧That's not so/as simple as it sounds.　⑨The more he explained, the more confused I became.
13．①before　②before　③An hour has passed before we know it.　④It will not be long before Mum comes back from abroad, which makes the whole family very happy.
跟踪演练·强化提升区
Ⅰ.
1．in and out of　2.in times of　3.stand by　4.lean on
5．hold...up　6.a series of　7.sense of humour　8.be close to　9.run out of　10.break down　11.break into　12.have access to　13.make sure　14.set up　15.catch sb. doing sth.
16．used to　17.a couple of　18.give a presentation to
19．lack confidence in　20.set off
Ⅱ.
1．throwing　2.giving/to give　3.off　4.into　5.eat　cooking　　6.of　7.on/upon　8.shopping/to shop
9．buying/to buy　for　10.for
Ⅲ.
1．I have so many friends, but deep down, I have a fear of loneliness.
2．I didn't give away my name because if I did I thought you might not have come.
3．But one problem is that few people can stick to a diet for long.
4．There is no reason to suppose she's lying.
5．I believe it is best to learn English by speaking it as much as possible.
6．I can agree with you about that, but if we want to solve the trash problem thoroughly, we should take concrete measures in our daily life.
7．I can understand why astronauts find it difficult to readjust to the life on Earth.
8．You are the only person who has the responsibility to protect yourself.