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新教材2023版高中英语Unit7ArtPartⅢ单元语法__名词性从句课件北师大版必修第三册
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这是一份新教材2023版高中英语Unit7ArtPartⅢ单元语法__名词性从句课件北师大版必修第三册，共39页。
Part Ⅲ 单元语法——名词性从句双基夯实·课前排查核心突破·要点讲解夯实基础·一遍落实双基夯实·课前排查学习目标Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．________ really matters is that she wore a pair of white shoes.2．Go and get your coat. It's ________ you left it.3．There're so many kinds of tape recorders on sale that I can't make up my mind ________ to buy.4．What the doctors really doubt is ________ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.5．________ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.6．________ he said at the meeting is very important to us.7．This is ________ he was often late for school.8．We all know the truth ________ the earth moves around the sun.9．________ I can't understand is ________ he changed his mind.10．After five hours' drive, they reached ________ they thought was the place they'd been dreaming of.What where which whether Whether What why that What why whatⅡ.完成句子1．不要想当然地认为每个人都努力学习。Don't _____________________ everyone studies hard.2．无论谁最后离开房间都要把灯关掉。_______________________ last is expected to turn off the lights.3．让人们激动的是太阳能船已完成了环游世界的旅行。_____________________________the solar ship had completed aroundtheworld trip.4．远洋轮船能沿五大湖航行这个事实使姑娘们感到惊讶。The girls were surprised _______________ ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes.5．你无法想象当他们收到这些漂亮的圣诞礼物时有多兴奋。You can't imagine ___________________ when they received these nice Christmas presents.take it for granted thatWhoever leaves the roomWhat made people excited was thatat the fact thathow excited they were6．他建议我们去看电影。He suggested that ___________________________．7．他昨天没来上学的原因是他不得不在家照顾生病的母亲。The reason _______________________________________ he had to look after his sick mother at home.8．有消息称将有更多的中学毕业生被大学录取。Information has been put forward ________________________________________________________．9．很久以前，人们也许更诚实，那时的生活完全不同于今天的样子。People were perhaps more honest a long time ago when life was very different from ________________ today.10．如今，医生们正在尽最大努力减少人们对他们会受到这种叫作“禽流感”的疾病影响的恐惧。Nowadays the doctors are trying their best to reduce the people's fear _________________________________________________________． we (should) go to the cinemawhy he didn't come to school yesterday is thatthat more middle school graduates will be admitted into universitieswhat it isthat they would be affected by the present disease called “Bird Flu”核心突破·要点讲解1.主语从句[合作探究]Whether the sports meet will be held is not certain now.运动会是否将举行现在不能确定。How the book will sell depends on its author.这本书销售如何取决于作者本人。Where we shall have the meeting makes no difference.我们在哪儿开会都无所谓。That she will do well in her exam is certain.＝It is certain that she will do well in her exam.她在考试中会做得好，这是确定无疑的。[要点归纳] (1)定义：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句，包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。(2)连词·连接词：that, whether, if (不作成分)·连接代词：what, who, whom, which, whichever, whatever, whoever(作主语、宾语、表语或定语)·连接副词：when, where, how, why (作状语)(3)what与that引导名词性从句的区别·what在从句中作主语、表语、宾语等。·that在从句中不充当成分，也无具体意思，只起连词符号作用，在宾语从句中常省略。(4)it作形式主语的常见句型·It＋be＋形容词(necessary/likely/important/certain等)＋that从句。·It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)＋that从句。·It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported等)＋that从句。·It＋不及物动词(seem, appear, happen, matter等)＋that从句。[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子①The deadlines and ________ you need to apply depend on the program.②________ I want to stress is ________ our group is looking for new members right now.③________ I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the past.④Every year, ________ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.⑤________ we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.⑥_________ there are living creatures in the outer space as those on Earth hasn't been proved until now.what What that What whoever How Whether ⑦________ Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won't accept it.⑧________________ (很明显) the local government should take measures to protect the environment for the next generations.⑨__________________ (我想告诉你的) is the deep love I have for my parents.⑩____________________________(地球围绕太阳转) is known to us all.Where It is obvious thatWhat I want to tell youThat the earth goes round the sun主语从句要点：1．连接词：从属连词that, whether和if；连接代词和连接副词。(1)从属连词有that, whether和if。that在句中不作成分，没有实义，有时可省略，但在句首时不可省略。而whether, if虽然在句中不作成分，但都含有“是否”之义，不可省略。(2)连接代词：在句中起名词的作用，作主语、宾语、表语、定语等，一般表疑问。who谁，whom谁(宾格)，whose谁的， what什么，which哪一个，whoever究竟是谁， whomever究竟是谁(宾格), whosever究竟是谁的， whatever究竟是什么， whichever究竟是哪一个。(3)连接副词：在句中起副词的作用，作状语。when什么时候， where在哪里， why为什么， how如何， whenever究竟什么时候， wherever究竟在哪里， however究竟如何。2．连接词引导的主语从句(1)that引导的主语从句置于句首That he will come to the meeting has excited every one of us.(2)形式主语it替代主语从句It＋系动词＋形容词/名词/动词ed＋that从句It is likely that there will be a storm tomorrow.(3)if/whether引导主语从句Whether the work can be completed on time is doubtful.→It is doubtful whether/if the work can be completed on time.(4)wh类连接词引导的主语从句When the new road is open to traffic has not been made clear.2.宾语从句[合作探究]Everyone knows that the earth is made up of matter.每个人都知道地球是由物质构成的。Is there anything wrong in/with what I said？我所说的有错误之处吗？These two areas are similar in that they both have high rainfall in summer.这两个地区相似，因为在夏天降水都很多。I'm not certain whether the train will arrive on time.我不确信火车是否将会按时到达。[要点归纳](1)宾语从句一般跟在及物动词或介词后面作宾语，连词和主语从句相同。(2)it作形式宾语的常用句型·动词(find/feel/think/consider/make)＋it＋宾补(形容词或名词)＋不定式/从句·动词(hate/like/dislike/appreciate/enjoy)＋it＋从句·短语动词(see to/depend on/rely on)＋it＋从句(3)宾语从句的时态一般情况下，宾语从句须与主句的时态保持一致，即当主句是一般现在时态时，从句可根据具体情况选用合适的时态；当主句为一般过去时态时，从句须用相应的过去的某种时态。(从句内容为真理或客观事实时，须用一般现在时态)易错提醒：(1)that引导宾语从句时，常可省略，但是仅限第一个that宾语从句，后面并列的that不能省略。(2)一般情况下介词后只能用wh类连接词引导宾语从句。介词后的宾语从句连接词表示“是否”时，用whether，不用if。 精彩例句：it作形式宾语(1)I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.(2)I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.(3)I hate it when they talk with their mouth full of food.(4)Some students just take it for granted that they will pass the exams.[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子①Kate heard a man's voice in the background, but she couldn't make out ________ he was saying.②The policemen told them ________ Mr. Smith did and ________ the wallet was safe.③Mrs. Taylor went around the shops, ordering ________ she thought was necessary.④Can you tell me ________ or not he will come to our party?whatwhat that what whether ⑤I really don't know ________ did it for me.⑥He didn't tell me ______________________ (何时我们会重逢).⑦It is difficult for us to imagine ________________ (生活是什么样子) for slaves in the ancient world.⑧We should believe in what we do and ____________ (我们是谁) if we are to succeed.⑨I'd appreciate it ________________________ (如果你愿意教我) how to use the computer.who when we would meet again what life was likewho we areif you would like to teach me易错提醒：1．一般情况下介词后只能用wh类连接词引导宾语从句，但偶尔也有except后跟that宾语从句的情况。2．形容词的宾语从句。后跟宾语从句的形容词有：sure, certain, glad, pleased, happy, afraid, surprised, satisfied, sorry等。如：We are all pleased that we have once again overcome the difficulty.3.表语从句[合作探究]The question is whether we can finish the work in time.问题是我们是否能及时完成这项工作。You look as if you slept badly.你看上去仿佛没睡好觉。The fact remains that we are still not advanced enough.事实依然是我们不够先进。[要点归纳](1)跟在系动词后面的从句被称为表语从句。(2)as if/as though“好像，仿佛”，引导表语从句时，常跟在系动词seem, appear, look, taste, sound, feel, smell等之后。若表语从句所述是不真实的情况，从句用虚拟语气；若所述是事实或极可能发生的情况，从句用陈述语气。(3)because, why引导表语从句He failed. That is because he didn't work hard.他失败了，那是因为他没有努力工作。[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子(用上提示词)①And the other was ________ I wanted to help people in need.②This is ________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.③The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________ one can be entirely free from dust.④As John Lennon once said, life is ________ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.⑤________ surprised us most is ________ he spoke English so well.⑥Lily swims three times a week after work. This is______________. (how; fit)⑦The only thing that impresses me is ________________________________________. (what; hometown)thatwhat that what What that how she keeps fit what she says about the food in her hometown易错提醒：(1)if不能引导表语从句。(2)that引导表语从句时不能省略。名师提醒：what, when, where等连接词在引导名词性从句时有两种含义，一种是疑问句，一种是陈述句。引导陈述句时相当于the thing that, the time when, the place where，常译为“……的人/事/话”“……的时间”“……的地点”等。如：①This is where (＝the place where) we found the interest.这就是我们发现的兴趣所在。(where引导陈述句)②My topic today is what (＝the thing that) most scientists are researching.我今天的话题就是大多数科学家正在研究的课题。(what引导陈述句)③I wonder where we are going to hold the meeting.我想知道我们打算在什么地方召开会议。(where表示疑问，意为“何地”。)4.同位语从句[要点归纳]同位语从句位于某些表示抽象概念的名词后面，用来说明该名词的具体内容。(1)常见名词：advice, conclusion, doubt, fact, hope, idea, news, promise, question, suggestion, thought, truth, wish, word等。(2)常用引导词：that, whether, how, where, when, why等。[即学即练] 单句语法填空①The notice came around two in the afternoon ________ the meeting would be put off.②The news ________ we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true.③I have no idea ________ I can get to the railway station.④My question ________ I shall get in touch with him has not been answered.⑤We haven't solved the problem ________ we are going to spend our summer vacation this year. ⑥The news ________ we won the game pleased us all.that that how how where that易错提醒：(1)that引导同位语从句时，在从句中不充当任何句子成分，但不能省略。(2)that引导定语从句时，既起引导词的作用，又在从句中充当句子成分，在定语从句中作宾语时that常可以省略，先行词指物时可用which替换。夯实基础·一遍落实Ⅰ.单句语法填空(课时知识与高考真题)1．[2019·全国Ⅰ卷]While they are rare north of 88°， there is evidence ________ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.2．[2019·北京卷]What students do at college seems to matter much more than ________ they go.3．[2019·浙江卷]But if he's out there every day and playing hard, you should praise his effort regardless of ________ his team wins or loses.4．[2019·天津卷]Kate heard a man's voice in the background, but she couldn't make out ________ he was saying.that where whether what 5．[2019·全国Ⅱ卷]That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of ________ the same people keep coming back for more.6．[2019·全国Ⅱ卷]Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief ________ the season comes to a close.7．[2019·天津卷]I don't have to write down ________ happened or ________ technique the author was using when he or she wrote this.8．[2019·天津卷]Then we will know ________ important it is to have meaning in our life.why when what what how9．[2019·全国Ⅱ卷]One was ________ I was amazed at the fact ________ a sick person could feel much better after seeing a doctor.10．[2018·全国Ⅰ卷]She's been able to put a lot of ________ she's learnt into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons.答案与解析：that that 第一个that引导表语从句，第二个that引导同位语从句。句意：我很惊讶的一个事实是病人看完医生就会感觉好多了。答案与解析：what what引导宾语从句。句意：她已经能够把她所学到的很多东西在自己家里付诸实践，为儿子们准备饭菜。11．[2017·北京卷]Jane moved aimlessly down the treelined street, not knowing ________ she was heading.12．[2016·江苏卷]It is often the case ________ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.答案与解析：where where引导宾语从句。句意：简漫无目的地沿着绿树成荫的街道走着，不知道她要去哪里。答案与解析：that that引导同位语从句。句意：通常情况下，对那些抱着希望的人来说，任何事情都是可能的。13．[重庆卷]We must find out ________ Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him.14．[福建卷]Pick yourself up. Courage is doing ________ you're afraid to do.答案与解析：when when引导宾语从句。句意：我们必须查明卡尔何时来，这样我们才能给他预订房间。答案与解析：what what引导宾语从句。句意：振作起来，勇气就是做你害怕做的事。15．[2019·全国Ⅰ卷]________ you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes.16．[2017·天津卷]She asked me ________ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted ________ I hadn't.答案与解析：What what引导主语从句，并在从句中作need的宾语。句意：你需要的是一个让你犯错的好老师。答案与解析：whether that whether与that均引导宾语从句。句意：她问我是否已经把书还给图书馆了，我承认我没有。17．[四川卷]Today, I am going to talk about ________ you should do when a fire alarm goes off.18．[2018·北京卷]Without his support, we wouldn't be ________ we are now.答案与解析：what what引导宾语从句。句意：今天，我要讲的是当火警报警器响起时你应该做什么。答案与解析：where where引导表语从句。句意：假如没有他的支持，我们就不会取得现在的成就。Ⅱ.短文语法填空Imagine looking for your lost dog. You step into a cave. But instead of the dog, you find beautiful cave paintings. You see paintings of horses, deer, and bison 1.________ were drawn in black, brown, red and yellow. Your first question would probably be “Who did this？”．This is 2.________happened to four French boys in 1940. They found the Lascaux caves. The paintings 3.________ the boys discovered in those caves are about 17，000 years old. They were drawn by the ancient people called CroMagnon.CroMagnons looked much like people of today. They used tools, such 4.________ fishing nets. But their art was extremely good. The main cave at Lascaux is called Great Hall of Bulls, 5.________ has a picture of bulls and horses in many colours. The largest animal is 18 feet long. There are smaller animals, such as bison, stags and a bear. There is also a strange spotted twohorned (两只角的) animal.that what that as which To the left of the main cave 6.________ the most famous paintings 7.________ are the drawings of animals in many different colours. One painting is called Little Horses. On the ceiling are horses and cows. The most unusual sight may be in The Shaft of the Dead Man 8.________ there is a rhinoceros, a carefully drawn dead man, an injured bison and a bird.Why did CroMagnon artists do these beautiful drawings on cave walls? Did the drawings call upon some magic power? Did the CroMagnon people hope 9.________ the drawings would bring good luck? There is one thing 10.________ the paintings seem to tell us. The CroMagnons were interested in the world. They looked at beauty and they understood it.are that wherethat that
Part Ⅲ 单元语法——名词性从句双基夯实·课前排查核心突破·要点讲解夯实基础·一遍落实双基夯实·课前排查学习目标Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．________ really matters is that she wore a pair of white shoes.2．Go and get your coat. It's ________ you left it.3．There're so many kinds of tape recorders on sale that I can't make up my mind ________ to buy.4．What the doctors really doubt is ________ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.5．________ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.6．________ he said at the meeting is very important to us.7．This is ________ he was often late for school.8．We all know the truth ________ the earth moves around the sun.9．________ I can't understand is ________ he changed his mind.10．After five hours' drive, they reached ________ they thought was the place they'd been dreaming of.What where which whether Whether What why that What why whatⅡ.完成句子1．不要想当然地认为每个人都努力学习。Don't _____________________ everyone studies hard.2．无论谁最后离开房间都要把灯关掉。_______________________ last is expected to turn off the lights.3．让人们激动的是太阳能船已完成了环游世界的旅行。_____________________________the solar ship had completed aroundtheworld trip.4．远洋轮船能沿五大湖航行这个事实使姑娘们感到惊讶。The girls were surprised _______________ ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes.5．你无法想象当他们收到这些漂亮的圣诞礼物时有多兴奋。You can't imagine ___________________ when they received these nice Christmas presents.take it for granted thatWhoever leaves the roomWhat made people excited was thatat the fact thathow excited they were6．他建议我们去看电影。He suggested that ___________________________．7．他昨天没来上学的原因是他不得不在家照顾生病的母亲。The reason _______________________________________ he had to look after his sick mother at home.8．有消息称将有更多的中学毕业生被大学录取。Information has been put forward ________________________________________________________．9．很久以前，人们也许更诚实，那时的生活完全不同于今天的样子。People were perhaps more honest a long time ago when life was very different from ________________ today.10．如今，医生们正在尽最大努力减少人们对他们会受到这种叫作“禽流感”的疾病影响的恐惧。Nowadays the doctors are trying their best to reduce the people's fear _________________________________________________________． we (should) go to the cinemawhy he didn't come to school yesterday is thatthat more middle school graduates will be admitted into universitieswhat it isthat they would be affected by the present disease called “Bird Flu”核心突破·要点讲解1.主语从句[合作探究]Whether the sports meet will be held is not certain now.运动会是否将举行现在不能确定。How the book will sell depends on its author.这本书销售如何取决于作者本人。Where we shall have the meeting makes no difference.我们在哪儿开会都无所谓。That she will do well in her exam is certain.＝It is certain that she will do well in her exam.她在考试中会做得好，这是确定无疑的。[要点归纳] (1)定义：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句，包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。(2)连词·连接词：that, whether, if (不作成分)·连接代词：what, who, whom, which, whichever, whatever, whoever(作主语、宾语、表语或定语)·连接副词：when, where, how, why (作状语)(3)what与that引导名词性从句的区别·what在从句中作主语、表语、宾语等。·that在从句中不充当成分，也无具体意思，只起连词符号作用，在宾语从句中常省略。(4)it作形式主语的常见句型·It＋be＋形容词(necessary/likely/important/certain等)＋that从句。·It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)＋that从句。·It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported等)＋that从句。·It＋不及物动词(seem, appear, happen, matter等)＋that从句。[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子①The deadlines and ________ you need to apply depend on the program.②________ I want to stress is ________ our group is looking for new members right now.③________ I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the past.④Every year, ________ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.⑤________ we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.⑥_________ there are living creatures in the outer space as those on Earth hasn't been proved until now.what What that What whoever How Whether ⑦________ Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won't accept it.⑧________________ (很明显) the local government should take measures to protect the environment for the next generations.⑨__________________ (我想告诉你的) is the deep love I have for my parents.⑩____________________________(地球围绕太阳转) is known to us all.Where It is obvious thatWhat I want to tell youThat the earth goes round the sun主语从句要点：1．连接词：从属连词that, whether和if；连接代词和连接副词。(1)从属连词有that, whether和if。that在句中不作成分，没有实义，有时可省略，但在句首时不可省略。而whether, if虽然在句中不作成分，但都含有“是否”之义，不可省略。(2)连接代词：在句中起名词的作用，作主语、宾语、表语、定语等，一般表疑问。who谁，whom谁(宾格)，whose谁的， what什么，which哪一个，whoever究竟是谁， whomever究竟是谁(宾格), whosever究竟是谁的， whatever究竟是什么， whichever究竟是哪一个。(3)连接副词：在句中起副词的作用，作状语。when什么时候， where在哪里， why为什么， how如何， whenever究竟什么时候， wherever究竟在哪里， however究竟如何。2．连接词引导的主语从句(1)that引导的主语从句置于句首That he will come to the meeting has excited every one of us.(2)形式主语it替代主语从句It＋系动词＋形容词/名词/动词ed＋that从句It is likely that there will be a storm tomorrow.(3)if/whether引导主语从句Whether the work can be completed on time is doubtful.→It is doubtful whether/if the work can be completed on time.(4)wh类连接词引导的主语从句When the new road is open to traffic has not been made clear.2.宾语从句[合作探究]Everyone knows that the earth is made up of matter.每个人都知道地球是由物质构成的。Is there anything wrong in/with what I said？我所说的有错误之处吗？These two areas are similar in that they both have high rainfall in summer.这两个地区相似，因为在夏天降水都很多。I'm not certain whether the train will arrive on time.我不确信火车是否将会按时到达。[要点归纳](1)宾语从句一般跟在及物动词或介词后面作宾语，连词和主语从句相同。(2)it作形式宾语的常用句型·动词(find/feel/think/consider/make)＋it＋宾补(形容词或名词)＋不定式/从句·动词(hate/like/dislike/appreciate/enjoy)＋it＋从句·短语动词(see to/depend on/rely on)＋it＋从句(3)宾语从句的时态一般情况下，宾语从句须与主句的时态保持一致，即当主句是一般现在时态时，从句可根据具体情况选用合适的时态；当主句为一般过去时态时，从句须用相应的过去的某种时态。(从句内容为真理或客观事实时，须用一般现在时态)易错提醒：(1)that引导宾语从句时，常可省略，但是仅限第一个that宾语从句，后面并列的that不能省略。(2)一般情况下介词后只能用wh类连接词引导宾语从句。介词后的宾语从句连接词表示“是否”时，用whether，不用if。 精彩例句：it作形式宾语(1)I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.(2)I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.(3)I hate it when they talk with their mouth full of food.(4)Some students just take it for granted that they will pass the exams.[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子①Kate heard a man's voice in the background, but she couldn't make out ________ he was saying.②The policemen told them ________ Mr. Smith did and ________ the wallet was safe.③Mrs. Taylor went around the shops, ordering ________ she thought was necessary.④Can you tell me ________ or not he will come to our party?whatwhat that what whether ⑤I really don't know ________ did it for me.⑥He didn't tell me ______________________ (何时我们会重逢).⑦It is difficult for us to imagine ________________ (生活是什么样子) for slaves in the ancient world.⑧We should believe in what we do and ____________ (我们是谁) if we are to succeed.⑨I'd appreciate it ________________________ (如果你愿意教我) how to use the computer.who when we would meet again what life was likewho we areif you would like to teach me易错提醒：1．一般情况下介词后只能用wh类连接词引导宾语从句，但偶尔也有except后跟that宾语从句的情况。2．形容词的宾语从句。后跟宾语从句的形容词有：sure, certain, glad, pleased, happy, afraid, surprised, satisfied, sorry等。如：We are all pleased that we have once again overcome the difficulty.3.表语从句[合作探究]The question is whether we can finish the work in time.问题是我们是否能及时完成这项工作。You look as if you slept badly.你看上去仿佛没睡好觉。The fact remains that we are still not advanced enough.事实依然是我们不够先进。[要点归纳](1)跟在系动词后面的从句被称为表语从句。(2)as if/as though“好像，仿佛”，引导表语从句时，常跟在系动词seem, appear, look, taste, sound, feel, smell等之后。若表语从句所述是不真实的情况，从句用虚拟语气；若所述是事实或极可能发生的情况，从句用陈述语气。(3)because, why引导表语从句He failed. That is because he didn't work hard.他失败了，那是因为他没有努力工作。[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子(用上提示词)①And the other was ________ I wanted to help people in need.②This is ________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.③The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________ one can be entirely free from dust.④As John Lennon once said, life is ________ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.⑤________ surprised us most is ________ he spoke English so well.⑥Lily swims three times a week after work. This is______________. (how; fit)⑦The only thing that impresses me is ________________________________________. (what; hometown)thatwhat that what What that how she keeps fit what she says about the food in her hometown易错提醒：(1)if不能引导表语从句。(2)that引导表语从句时不能省略。名师提醒：what, when, where等连接词在引导名词性从句时有两种含义，一种是疑问句，一种是陈述句。引导陈述句时相当于the thing that, the time when, the place where，常译为“……的人/事/话”“……的时间”“……的地点”等。如：①This is where (＝the place where) we found the interest.这就是我们发现的兴趣所在。(where引导陈述句)②My topic today is what (＝the thing that) most scientists are researching.我今天的话题就是大多数科学家正在研究的课题。(what引导陈述句)③I wonder where we are going to hold the meeting.我想知道我们打算在什么地方召开会议。(where表示疑问，意为“何地”。)4.同位语从句[要点归纳]同位语从句位于某些表示抽象概念的名词后面，用来说明该名词的具体内容。(1)常见名词：advice, conclusion, doubt, fact, hope, idea, news, promise, question, suggestion, thought, truth, wish, word等。(2)常用引导词：that, whether, how, where, when, why等。[即学即练] 单句语法填空①The notice came around two in the afternoon ________ the meeting would be put off.②The news ________ we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true.③I have no idea ________ I can get to the railway station.④My question ________ I shall get in touch with him has not been answered.⑤We haven't solved the problem ________ we are going to spend our summer vacation this year. ⑥The news ________ we won the game pleased us all.that that how how where that易错提醒：(1)that引导同位语从句时，在从句中不充当任何句子成分，但不能省略。(2)that引导定语从句时，既起引导词的作用，又在从句中充当句子成分，在定语从句中作宾语时that常可以省略，先行词指物时可用which替换。夯实基础·一遍落实Ⅰ.单句语法填空(课时知识与高考真题)1．[2019·全国Ⅰ卷]While they are rare north of 88°， there is evidence ________ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.2．[2019·北京卷]What students do at college seems to matter much more than ________ they go.3．[2019·浙江卷]But if he's out there every day and playing hard, you should praise his effort regardless of ________ his team wins or loses.4．[2019·天津卷]Kate heard a man's voice in the background, but she couldn't make out ________ he was saying.that where whether what 5．[2019·全国Ⅱ卷]That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of ________ the same people keep coming back for more.6．[2019·全国Ⅱ卷]Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief ________ the season comes to a close.7．[2019·天津卷]I don't have to write down ________ happened or ________ technique the author was using when he or she wrote this.8．[2019·天津卷]Then we will know ________ important it is to have meaning in our life.why when what what how9．[2019·全国Ⅱ卷]One was ________ I was amazed at the fact ________ a sick person could feel much better after seeing a doctor.10．[2018·全国Ⅰ卷]She's been able to put a lot of ________ she's learnt into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons.答案与解析：that that 第一个that引导表语从句，第二个that引导同位语从句。句意：我很惊讶的一个事实是病人看完医生就会感觉好多了。答案与解析：what what引导宾语从句。句意：她已经能够把她所学到的很多东西在自己家里付诸实践，为儿子们准备饭菜。11．[2017·北京卷]Jane moved aimlessly down the treelined street, not knowing ________ she was heading.12．[2016·江苏卷]It is often the case ________ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.答案与解析：where where引导宾语从句。句意：简漫无目的地沿着绿树成荫的街道走着，不知道她要去哪里。答案与解析：that that引导同位语从句。句意：通常情况下，对那些抱着希望的人来说，任何事情都是可能的。13．[重庆卷]We must find out ________ Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him.14．[福建卷]Pick yourself up. Courage is doing ________ you're afraid to do.答案与解析：when when引导宾语从句。句意：我们必须查明卡尔何时来，这样我们才能给他预订房间。答案与解析：what what引导宾语从句。句意：振作起来，勇气就是做你害怕做的事。15．[2019·全国Ⅰ卷]________ you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes.16．[2017·天津卷]She asked me ________ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted ________ I hadn't.答案与解析：What what引导主语从句，并在从句中作need的宾语。句意：你需要的是一个让你犯错的好老师。答案与解析：whether that whether与that均引导宾语从句。句意：她问我是否已经把书还给图书馆了，我承认我没有。17．[四川卷]Today, I am going to talk about ________ you should do when a fire alarm goes off.18．[2018·北京卷]Without his support, we wouldn't be ________ we are now.答案与解析：what what引导宾语从句。句意：今天，我要讲的是当火警报警器响起时你应该做什么。答案与解析：where where引导表语从句。句意：假如没有他的支持，我们就不会取得现在的成就。Ⅱ.短文语法填空Imagine looking for your lost dog. You step into a cave. But instead of the dog, you find beautiful cave paintings. You see paintings of horses, deer, and bison 1.________ were drawn in black, brown, red and yellow. Your first question would probably be “Who did this？”．This is 2.________happened to four French boys in 1940. They found the Lascaux caves. The paintings 3.________ the boys discovered in those caves are about 17，000 years old. They were drawn by the ancient people called CroMagnon.CroMagnons looked much like people of today. They used tools, such 4.________ fishing nets. But their art was extremely good. The main cave at Lascaux is called Great Hall of Bulls, 5.________ has a picture of bulls and horses in many colours. The largest animal is 18 feet long. There are smaller animals, such as bison, stags and a bear. There is also a strange spotted twohorned (两只角的) animal.that what that as which To the left of the main cave 6.________ the most famous paintings 7.________ are the drawings of animals in many different colours. One painting is called Little Horses. On the ceiling are horses and cows. The most unusual sight may be in The Shaft of the Dead Man 8.________ there is a rhinoceros, a carefully drawn dead man, an injured bison and a bird.Why did CroMagnon artists do these beautiful drawings on cave walls? Did the drawings call upon some magic power? Did the CroMagnon people hope 9.________ the drawings would bring good luck? There is one thing 10.________ the paintings seem to tell us. The CroMagnons were interested in the world. They looked at beauty and they understood it.are that wherethat that
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