专题18 上海高考记叙文阅读技巧点睛（原题版）-【高频考点解密】2023年高考英语二轮复习讲义+分层训练（上海专用）

►专题18 上海高考记叙文阅读技巧点睛

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【考情链接】

上海高考英语关于阅读理解要求考生读懂简易的英语文学作品、科普文章、公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章并回答相关问题。文章题材广泛，体裁多样，包括记叙文、新闻报道、应用文、说明文、议论文等。以下梳理记叙文体裁主要阅读技巧。

【要点梳理】

        [方法1]　顺藤摸瓜

记叙文中有大量的事件发展过程中的细节，包括记叙文的5W(what，who，when，where，why)要素。因此作答细节题的时候，就没有那么复杂，一般只需要由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做就可以了。

【典例】（2023崇明一模）

Kéré says his architectural practice was inspired by his own experience attending school with around 100 other children in a region where temperatures are regularly higher than 100 degrees Fahrenheit. “You will sit and it’s very hot inside,” he said. “And there was no light, while outside, the sunlight was strong and in my head the idea one day grew that as an adult, I should make it better. I was thinking about space, about room, about how I can feel better.”

57. ________ acts as a stimulus to Kéré’s becoming an architect.

A. His study of carpentry in Berlin B. His hometown’s extremely hot whether

C. His parents’ expectations of him D. His uncomfortable experience at school

        [方法2]　左顾右盼

在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中找到与题干一字不差的词语或句子。这时我们需要认真研究问题，抓住题干中的关键词语，然后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，接着去左顾，或右盼，在前句或后句寻找线索。

【典例】（2023虹口一模）

I know people who say they don’t watch television, and I always nod and agree. Reading requires intelligence, and television is merely entertainment, right?

I’m going to Scotland this year, and three different people told me I must watch “Outlander” before I go,  …… When I stood up from the couch I felt sick, and it wasn’t just the cookies, popcorn and peanut butter sandwiches I’d had without noticing. It was dark outside, and I felt ashamed. I had spent half a day on the couch. Research for Scotland? Not exactly.

36. By “I always nod and agree” (paragraph 1), the author implies that _______.

A. she should be polite to get the conversation to go on

B. she is reluctant to admit that she watches television

C. she believes those who say they don’t watch TV

D. she doesn’t think highly of TV either

        [方法3]　刨根问底

如前所述，主旨大意题或推理判断、作者意图题等实际上是同一类型的问题，或者说是可用同种方法解答的题型。在解答此类题目的时候，不可被题干的表象所迷惑，要像剥洋葱一样，一层一层地剥；在四个可选项中，一个一个地去证实，去排除。特别是解答推论或暗指类的题目，比如“What can be inferred from...？”或是“What does the author imply in...？”之类的题目，文中所陈述的往往不是答案。我们要在文前文后去查找，在字里行间里去寻觅。有时还少不了借助自己的生活经验和常理来

体会这言外之意。

【典例】（2023黄浦一模）

Writers say that Whelan has helped them understand their own work. “When I listen to Julia read my stories, it sounds like she is calling you over to tell you a great story,” said Nuzzi, whose work has been narrated by Whelan. “When I write now, I try to think like that, that I am calling a reader over to tell him a great story. It has completely changed my approach.” Whelan said that she also learns about her writing when she experiences it as a narrator. “There is something about it that changes when you’re performing it,” she said. “I read the book out loud during every stage of its revisions but it’s different when you sit down and have the microphone in front of you, when I finally am in all the characters and the story comes to life.”

39. What can be concluded from Whelan’s experience as a narrator and writer?

A. Excellent narration is based on convincing stories.

B. Narrating is a more rewarding ambition than writing.

C. An influential writer is definitely a wonderful narrator.

D. Experiences as a narrator can change the writing approach.

        [方法4]　拨云见日

阅读题中，特别是记叙文的阅读题，都会出现一至两道句意或词义猜测题。而这些词汇往往是与你素昧平生的，或者和你有点头之交的，在文中却另有新意的，总之，猜的是那些在词汇表要求之外的词汇。小小的一个词，一个短语，考核的不是你的语法的熟练程度，也不是你的记忆力，而是你对文章通篇或者一个段落的整体把握和变通能力。

【典例】（2023奉贤一模）

In 2008, I went to Los Angeles where I tried to get hired as an agent, an analyst and a financial broker. Unfortunately, all these doors slammed in my face. The world’s economy was in a bad state, so I knew I would have to do a little spinning of my own.

37. By saying “do a little spinning of my own” in the second paragraph, the author probably means he would_____________.

A. look for a part-time job independently B. make his contributions to the economy

C. give in to the disappointing reality D. be self-employed to develop his career

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2019年上海秋季高考英语真题

All I had to do for the two dollars was clean her house for a few hours after school. It was a beautiful house, too, with a plastic-covered sofa and chairs, wall-to-wall blue-and-white carpeting, a white enamel stove, a washing machine and a dryer — things that were common in her neighborhood, absent in mine. In the middle of the war, she had butter, sugar, steaks, and seam-up-the-back stockings.

I knew how to scrub floors on my knees and how to wash clothes in our zinc tub, but I had never seen a Hoover vacuum cleaner or an iron that wasn't heated by fire.

Part of my pride in working for her was earning money I could squander (浪费) : on movies, candy, paddleballs, jacks, ice-cream cones. But a larger part of my pride was based on the fact that I gave half my wages to my mother, which meant that some of my earnings were used for real things — an insurance-policy payment or what was owed to the milkman or the iceman. The pleasure of being necessary to my parents was profound. I was not like the children in folktales: burdensome mouths to feed, nuisances to be corrected, problems so severe that they were abandoned to the forest. I had a status that doing routine chores in my house did not provide — and it earned me a slow smile, an approving nod from an adult. Confirmations that I was adultlike, not childlike.

In those days, the forties, children were not just loved or liked; they were needed. They could earn money; they could care for children younger than themselves; they could work the farm, take care of the herd, run errands(差事), and much more. I suspect that children aren't needed in that way now. They are loved, doted on, protected, and helped. Fine, and yet...

Little by little, I got better at cleaning her house — good enough to be given more to do, much more. I was ordered to carry bookcases upstairs and, once, to move a piano from one side of a room to the other. I fell carrying the bookcases. And after pushing the piano my arms and legs hurt so badly. I wanted to refuse, or at least to complain, but I was afraid she would fire me, and I would lose the freedom the dollar gave me, as well as the standing I had at home — although both were slowly being eroded. She began to offer me her clothes, for a price. Impressed by these worn things, which looked simply gorgeous to a little girl who had only two dresses to wear to school, I bought a few. Until my mother asked me if I really wanted to work for castoffs. So I learned to say "No, thank you" to a faded sweater offered for a quarter of a week's pay.

Still, I had trouble summoning (鼓起) the courage to discuss or object to the increasing demands she made. And I knew that if I told my mother how unhappy I was she would tell me to quit. Then one day, alone in the kitchen with my father, I let drop a few whines about the job. I gave him details, examples of what troubled me, yet although he listened intently, I saw no sympathy in his eyes. No "Oh, you poor little thing. " Perhaps he understood that what I wanted was a solution to the job, not an escape from it. In any case, he put down his cup of coffee and said, “Listen. You don't live there. You live here. With your people. Go to work. Get your money. And come on home."

That was what he said. This was what I heard:

Whatever the work is, do it well — not for the boss but for yourself.

You make the job; it doesn't make you.

Your real life is with us, your family.

You are not the work you do; you are the person you are.

I have worked for all sorts of people since then, geniuses and morons, quick-witted and dull, big-hearted and narrow. I've had many kinds of jobs, but since that conversation with my father I have never considered the level of labor to be the measure of myself, and I have never placed the security of a job above the value of home.

56. What can we learn about the author is different from other children?

A. She needs to be supported like others.  B. She made a mistake and needed to be corrected.

C. She often does daily chores at home.   D. She's too childish for comparison.

57.. According to the article, which of the following is correct about children in the 1940s like the author?

1. They just want to be popular, loved and liked. 

B. They only take great pains to earn more money.

C. They can do all kinds of daily work, such as caring for children and so on.

D. They are no longer needed except for being spoiled by adults.

58. What did the author's father make her understand?

A. Don't escape from difficulties at work.  

B. Whatever decision she made, her father would support her.

C. Convey her dissatisfaction with her work.  

D. Make a distinction between work and life.

59. Which of the following corresponds to the author's views on work?

A. Don't regard work achievement as a criterion for evaluating oneself.

B. Hard work is a struggle for a better future in your limited life.

C. Work is to follow the footsteps of the boss.

D. Work safety should be more important than family value.

2019年上海春季高考英语真题

I believe that, as a doctor, I should always get a blanket for my patients who need one. Yes I know there are other people who can do this. I can ask a nurse or an orderly to do it, but I believe that I should do it. So several times a day, while working in our emergency department, I leave my patient's bedside, get them a nice warm blanket and cover them up, before continuing on my day.

Which brings me back to why I believe I should offer to bring my patients a blanket, To me it is the first step in communicating to the person that my priority is his or her comfort, both physical and emotional. It is a simple act that acknowledges my desire to meet their basic needs as a patient. It may be an overused expression but I want to treat my patients the way I would want my family members taken care of. This behavior was also modeled for me when I was a patient.

Shortly after college I was involved in a serious accident while working in an ambulance as a volunteer. The short story is that I broke my femur, the large bone in my thigh, and my recovery required a total of four surgeries over a year or so. The surgeon who performed the last three operations usually did his rounds late at night

He was a brilliant and talented surgeon who reminded me in appearance of a chain-smoking Einstein. He would ask about my pain and my mental state, but what I remember most is his offering to bring me French fries the next time he visited. I felt that he cared about me and, more importantly, understood what I was going through. He connected with me, and I trusted and obeyed everything he told me to do

Getting a blanket and placing it on my patient is, in the end, a check and balance for me. I have the power to order hundreds of tests and treatments. I strive to always be right (or at least never wrong). And on not so rare occasions, I help save a life.But in the end, if I have not made that connection with my patient, if I have not shown them I understand their needs, then I have failed them as a physician and asa person.

                                                                         _____

【上海市复旦大学附属中学2022-2023学年高三上学期11月教学质量检测英语试题】

Noah reached for his guitar, remembering his father as he did so, thinking how much he missed him. He strummed once, adjusted the tension on two strings, then strummed again. This time it sounded about right, and he began to play.

Soft music, quiet music. He hummed for a little while at first, then began to sing as night came down around him. He played and sang until the sun was gone and the sky black. It was a little after seven when he quit, and he settled back into his chair and began to rock. By habit, he looked upward and saw Orion and the Big Dipper, Gemini and the Pole Star, twinkling in the autumn sky. He started to run the numbers in his head, then stopped. He knew he’d spent almost his entire savings on the house and would have to find a job again soon, but he pushed the thought away and decided to enjoy the remaining months of restoration without worrying about it. Besides, thinking about money usually bored him. Early on, he’d learned to enjoy simple things, things that couldn’t be bought, and he had a hard time understanding people who felt otherwise. It was another trait he got from his father.

Clem, his hound dog, came up to him then and nuzzled his hand before lying down at his feet. “Hey, girl, how’re you doing?” he asked as he patted her head, and she whined softly, her soft round eyes peering upward. A car accident had taken her leg, but she still moved well enough and kept him company on quiet nights like these. He was thirty-one now, not too old, but old enough to be lonely. He hadn’t dated since he’d been back here, hadn’t met anyone who remotely interested him. It was his own fault, he knew. There was something that kept a distance between him and any woman who started to get close, something he wasn’t sure he could change even if he tried. And sometimes in the moments right before sleep came, he wondered if he was destined to be alone forever.

The evening passed, staying warm, nice. Noah listened to the crickets and the rustling leaves, thinking that the sound of nature was more real and aroused more emotion than things like cars and planes. Natural things gave back more than they took, and their sounds always brought him back to the way man was supposed to be. “It’ll keep you from going crazy,” his father had told him the day he’d shipped out. “It’s God’s music and it’ll take you home.” He finished his tea, went inside, found a book, then turned on the porch light on his way back out. After sitting down again, he looked at the book. It was old, the cover was torn, and the pages were stained with mud and water.

It was Leaves of Grass by Walt Whitman, and he had carried it with him throughout the war. It had even taken a bullet for him once. He rubbed the cover, dusting it off just a little. Then he let the book open randomly and read the words in front of him: This is thy hour O Soul, thy free flight into the wordless. Away from books, away from art, the day erased, the lesson done. Thee fully forth emerging, silent, gazing, pondering the themes thou lovest best. Night, sleep, death and the stars. For some reason Whitman always reminded him of New Bern, and he was glad he’d come back. Though he’d been away from fourteen years, this was home and he knew a lot of people here, most of them from his youth. Like so many southern towns, the people who lived here never changed, they just grew a bit older.

36. The underlined sentence in paragraph two is the equivalent of “_________”.

A. he hated those who were unable to appreciate simple things in life

B. he didn’t see eye to eye with people who liked to save money

C. he had difficulty in figuring out how he got this trait from his father

D. he didn’t understand why people were so materialistic

37. Which of the following is NOT true according the passage?

A. Noah often played the guitar and observed the stars.

B. Clem the dog showed great affection for her master.

C. Noah was destined to be alone since no woman seemed interested in him.

D. Noah planned to restore his house before landing himself a job.

38. Which of the following statements would Noah’s father most agree with?

A. Patients suffering from mental disorder can be cured by nature.

B. The closer you are to nature, the closer you are to your true self.

C. Where there is God’s music, there is home.

D. A good book is a man’s beset company.

39. Leaves of Grass by Walt Whitman _________.

A. had been a treasure but was now too damaged to read

B. recorded the lives of New Bern’s people who never changed over the years

C. was beyond Noah’s understanding so he randomly picked up some words to read

D. stirred a feeling of nostalgia in Noah

【上海师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题】

Margo and I were nine. Our parents were friends, so we would sometimes play together, biking past the tree-lined streets to Jefferson Park, the leisure spot of our neighborhood.

I always got nervous whenever Margo was about to show up. It could be that she was both cool and gorgeous with the pink T-shirt featuring a green dragon breathing a fire of orange glitter. Or it could be the way she biked, standing up, her arms locked as she leaned above the handle bars.

At the time, I fancied myself an inventor and I told Margo about an idea I had for an invention called the Ringolator, a gigantic cannon that would shoot big, colored rocks into a very low orbit, giving Earth the same rings that Saturn (土星) has. Margo just beamed brightly, shaking her head.

I’d been in the park so many times before that it was mapped in my mind, so we were only a few steps inside when I began to sense that the world was out of order.

“Look! There.” Margo said quietly, calmly.

She was pointing. And then I realized what was different.

There was a live oak a few feet ahead. Thick and ancient-looking. That was not new. The playground on our right. Not new either. But now, a guy wearing a gray suit, leaning against the trunk of the oak tree, not moving. That was new. He kept his mouth open in a way that mouth generally shouldn’t be.

“He’s drunk,” I said, “and dangerously drunk.”

I took two small steps backward. Maybe he was a zombie. I knew zombies weren’t real, but he surely looked like one. And if I made any sudden movements, he might wake up and attack.

As I took those two steps back, Margo took two equally small and quiet steps forward. “His eyes are open,” she said.

“We gotta go home,” I said.

She took another two steps. This time she was close enough and she reached out to touch his foot.

“He’s gone,” Margo said, as if I couldn’t tell.

(From “Paper Towns” by John Green with major adaption)

56. Why the author “always got nervous whenever Margo was about to show up”?

A. He was afraid that Margo might give him a lesson physically.

B. He felt that Margo’s way of riding a bike could put them both in danger.

C. He had admiration for the cool and gorgeous appearance and action of Margo.

D. He didn’t like the horrifying green dragon breathing a fire of orange glitter.

57. How does Margo feel about the author’s invention of a “Ringolator”?

A. It was a brilliant idea that may change the world.

B. It sounded silly yet amusing, so she showed her kindness.

C. It called for experiment in the Jefferson Park.

D. It gave out beams of light and was bright.

58. What happened to the man most probably?

A. He was playing hide and seek. B. He was a new comer to the park.

C. He was already dead when found. D. He was becoming a zombie

59. What can best describe Margo?

A. Gorgeous and timid. B. Innocent and cute.

C. Bright and imaginative. D. Calm and brave.